51题库考试学习网
最新考题
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共用题干The Biology of MusicHumans use music as a powerful way to communicate.It may also play an important role in love.But what is music,and how does it work its magic?Science does not yet have all the answers.What are two things that make humans different from animals?One is language,and the other is music. It is true that some animals.can sing(and many birds sing better than a lot of people).However,the songs of animals,such as birds and whales,are very limited.It is also true that humans,not animals,have developed musical instruments.Music is strange stuff.It is clearly different from language.However,people can use.music to communicate things-especially their emotions.When music is combined with speech in a song,it is a very powerfnl form of communication.But,biologically speaking,what is music?If music is truly different from speech,then we should process music and language in different parts of the brain.The scientific evidence suggests that this is true.Sometimes people who suffer brain damage lose their ability to process language.However,they don't automatically(自动地)lose their musical abilities.For example , Vissarion Shebalin , a Russian composer , had a stroke(中风)in 1953.It injured the left side of his brain.He could no longer speak or understand speech.He could,however,still compose music until his death ten years later.On the other hand,sometimes strokes cause people to lose their musical ability,but they can still speak and understand speech.This shows that the brain processes music and language separately.By studying the physical effects of music on the body,scientists have also learned a lot about how music influences the emotions.But why does music have such a strong effect on us?That is a harder question to answer.Geoffrey Miller,a researcher at University College,London,thinks that music and love have a strong connection.Music requires -special talent,practice,and physical ability.That's why it may be a way of showing your fitness to be someone's mate.For example,singing in tune or playing a musical instrument requires fine muscular control.You also need a good memory to remmher the notes(音符).And playing or singing those notes correctly suggests that your hearing is in excellent condition.Finally,when a man sings to the woman he loves(or vice versa),it may be a way of showing off.However,Miller's theory still doesn't explain why certain combinations of sounds influence our emotions so deeply.For scientists,this is clearly an area that needs fuither research.Humans are different from animals because_____.A:they have different languages and musicB:they have different languages and communicationsC:they have different songs and languagesD:they have different music and songs
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共用题干Underground Coal FiresCoal burning deep underground in China,India and Indonesia is threatening the environment and human life , scientists have warned.These large-scale______(51)blazes(火焰)cause the ground temperature to heat up and kill surrounding vegetation,produce greenhouse gases and can______(52) ignite(点燃)forest fires , a group of scientists told the annual meeting of the American Association for theAdvancement of Science in Denver.The resulting______(53)of poisonous elements like mercury can also pollute local water sources and soils,they warned."Coal fires are a global disaster,"said Associate Professor Glenn Stracher of East Georgia College inSwainsboro,USA.But______(54)few people know about them.Coal can heat up on its own,and eventually catch fire and bum,if there is a continuous oxygen supply.The heat produced is not caused to______(55)and under the right combinations of sunlight and oxygen,can trigger spontaneous(自发的)catching fire and buming.This can occur underground , in coal stockpiles, abandoned mines or even as coal is transported.______(56)fires in China consume up to 200 million tons of coal per year,delegates were told.In______(57),the U.S.economy consumes about one billion tons of coal annually,said Stracher,______(58)analysis of the likely impact of coal fires has been accepted for publication in the International Journal of Coal Ecology.______(59)underway,coal fires can bum for decades,even centuries.In the process,they release large______(60)of greenhouse gases,poisonous fumes and black particles into the atmosphere.The members of the panel discussed the______(61)these fires may be having on global and regional climate change,and agreed that the underground nature of the fires makes them difficult to______(62).Ultimately,the remote sensing and other techniques should allow scientists to______(63)how much carbon dioxide these fires are emitting(释放).One suggested______(64)of containing the fires was presented by Gary Colaizzi,of the engineering firm Goodson,which has developed a heat-resistant grout(灌浆),which is designed to be pumped into the coal fire to______(65)the oxygen supply._________60A:data B:figures C:volumes D:images
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共用题干Avalanche and Its SafetyAn avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow,often mixed with air and water,down a mountainside .Avalanches are______(51)the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.All avalanches are caused by an over-burden of material,typically snowpack,that is too massive and unstable for the slope______(52)supports it. Determining the critical load,the amount of over-burden which is______(53)to cause an avalanche,______(54)a complex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors.Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees or steeper than 60 degrees typically have a low ______(55)of avalanche .Snow does not______(56)significantly on steep slopes;also, snow does not______(57)easily on flat slopes.Human-triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snow's angle of rest is______(58)35 and 45 degrees;the critical angle, the angle at which the human incidence of avalanches is greatest,is 38 degrees.The rule of thumb is:A slope that is______(59)enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche,regardless of the angle.Additionally,avalanche risk increases with ______(60);that is,the more a slope is disturbed by skiers,the more likely it is that an avalanche will occur.Due to the complexity of the subject,winter travelling in the backcountry is never 100% safe .Good avalanche safety is a continuous______(61),including route selection and examination of the snowpack,weather______(62),and human factors.Several well-known good habits can also______(63)the risk .If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports,they should be considered and all warnings should be paid______(64)to. Never follow in the tracks of others without your own evaluations;snow conditions are almost certain to have changed since they were made .Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche paths where plants are ______(65)or damaged .Avoid travelling below others who might trigger an avalanche.60._________A: useB: timeC: snowD: rain
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All houses within 100 metres of these as at risk of flooding.A. in dangerB. out of controlC.between equalsD. in particular
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共用题干InflationBusiness and government leaders also consider the inflation rate to be an important general indicator. Inflation is a period of increased spending that causes rapid rises in prices._______(51)your money buys fewer goods so that you get_______(52)for the same amount of money as before,inflation is the problem. There is a general rise_______(53)the price of goods and services.Your money buys less.Sometimes people describe inflation as a time when"a dollar is not worth a dollar anymore".Inflation is a problem for all consumers.People who live on a fixed income are hurt the _______(54).Retired people,for instance,cannot count on an increase in income as prices rise. Elderly people who do not work face serious problems in stretching their incomes to_______(55) their needs in time of inflation.Retirement income_______(56)any fixed income usually does not rise as fast as prices.Many retired people must cut their spending to_______(57)rising prices.In many cases they must stop_______(58)some necessary items,such as food and clothing. Even _______(59)working people whose incomes are going up,inflation can be a problem. The_______(60)of living goes up,too. People who work must have even more money to keep up their standard of living. Just buying the things they need costs more.When incomes do not keep _______(61)with rising prices,the standard of living goes down.People may be earning the same amount of money,but they are not living as well because they are not able to buy as many goods and services.Government units gather information about prices in our economy and publish it as price indexes _______(62)the rate of change can be determined.A price index measures changes in prices using the price for a_______(63)year as the base.The base price is set at 100,and the other prices are reported as a_______(64)of the base price.A price index makes_______(65)possible to compare current prices of typical consumer goods,for example,with prices of the same goods in previous years._________(52)A:much B:littleC:more D:less
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共用题干Memory Test1 "I am going to give you five techniques that will enable you to remember anything youneed to know at school,"promised lecturer Ian Robinson to a hundred schoolchildren.He slapped his hand down on the table."When I've finished in two hours' time,your work will be far more effective and productive.Anyone not interested,leave now."The entire room sat still.2 Robinson calls himself the Mind Magician(魔术师).He specializes in doing magic tricks that look totally impossible,and then he reveals that they involve nothing more mysteriousthan good old-fashioned trickery(骗术)."I have always been interested in tricks involving memory-being able to reel off(一口气说出)the order of cards in a pack, that sort of thing," he explains.3 Robinson was already lecturing to schools on his magic techniques when it struck him that students might find memory techniques even more valuable."It wasn't a difficult area to move into,as the stuff's all there in books."So he summarized everything to make a two-hour lecture about five techniques.4 "You want to learn a list of a hundred things?A.thousand?No problem,"says Robinson.The scandal is that every child is not taught the techniques from the beginning oftheir school life.The schoolchildren who were watching him thought it was brilliant."I wish I'd been told this earlier,"commented Mark,after Robinson had shown them how to construct"mental journeys".5 Essentially , you visualize(想象)a walk down a street, or a trip round a room,and pick the points where you will put the things you want to remember一the lamppost,the fruit bowl. Then in each location you put a visual representation of your list一phrasal verbs,historical dates,whatever一making them as strange as possible.It is that simple,and it works.6 The reaction of schools has been uniformly enthusiastic."The pupils benefitedenormously from Ian's presentation,"says Dr. Johnston,head of the school where Robinson was speaking. "Ideally we should run a regular class in memory techniques so pupils can pick it up gradually."The memory techniques used are no more complex than the old________.A:booksB:lectureC:tricksD:factsE:memoryF:list
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共用题干第二篇Florence Nightingale Florence Nightingale was born in Florence , ltaly , while her wealthy English parentswere traveling in Europe. As a child, she traveled to many places with her family andlearned how to speak several languages.When Nightingale was 1 7 , she told her family that she was going to help sick people.Her parents did not approve,but Nightingale was determined.She traveled to hospitals all over Europe.She saw that doctors were working too hard.She saw that patients died because they did not get enough care.Nightingale felt that women could be doing more to help doctors take care of sick people.Nightingale knew that in order for nurses to do more,they needed special training in how to take care of sick people.Nightingale went to a hospital in Germany to study nursing.Then she returned to London and became the head of a group of women called Gentlewomen During Illness.These women cared for sick people in their homes.In 1854,England was fighting a war with Russia.War reporters wrote about the terrible conditions in the hospitals that cared for the wounded.People demanded that something be done about it.A leader of the government asked Florence Nightingale to take some nurses into the war hospitals.So,in November 1854,Nightingale finally got to work in a hospital.She took along 38 nurses whom she had trained herself.At first,the doctors on the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in their hospitals.They did not believe that women could help.But in fact,the nurses did make a difference.They worked around the clock,tending the sick.Thanks to their hard work, many wounded soldiers survived.After the war,Nightingale and her nurses were treated like heroes.Finally,in 1860, she started the Nightingale School for Nurses.In time,thanks to Florence Nightingale, nursing became an important part of medicine.Nightingale's parents did not approve of her decisionA:to work as a doctor. B:to care for sick people.C:to fight in the war with Russia. D:to travel to hospitals all over Europe.
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共用题干Paper or plastic?Take a walk along the Chesapeake Bay,and you are likely to see plastic bags floating in the water. Ever since these now ubiquitous symbols of American super-consumption showed up in the supermarkets,plastic shopping bags have made their______(51)into local waterways,and from there,into the bay,where they can______(52)wildlife. Piles of them一the______(53)takes centuries to decompose一show up in landfills and on city streets.Plastic bags also take an environmental toll in the form of millions of barrels of oil expended every year to produce them.Enter Annapolis______(54)you will see plastic bags distributed free in department stores and supermarkets.Alderman Sam Shropshire has introduced a well-meaning proposal to ban retailers ______(55) distributing plastic shopping bags in Maryland's capital. Instead,retailers would be required to offer bags______(56)recycled paper and to sell reusable bags.The city of Baltimore is considering a similar measure.Opponents of the idea,however,argue that______(57)bags are harmful,too:they cost more to make,they consume more______(58)to transport,and recycling them causes more pollution than recycling plastic.The argument for depriving Annapolis residents of their plastic bags is.______(59)accepted.Everyone in this______(60)is right about one thing:disposable shopping bags of any type are______(61),and the best outcome would be for customers to reuse bags instead.Annapolis's mayor is investigating how to hand out free,reusable shopping bags to city residents,a proposal that can proceed regardless of whether other bags are banned.A less-expensive______(62)would be to encourage retailers to give discounts to customers______(63)bring their own,reusable bags,a policy that a spokesman for the supermarket Giant Food says its chain already has in place.And this policy would be more______(64)if stores imitated furniture mega-retailer Ikea and charged for disposable bags at the checkout counter. A broad ban on the use of plastic shopping bags,which would merely replace some forms of pollution with others,is not the______(65)._________(54)A:or B:andC:but D:so
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共用题干Cerms(细菌) on BanknotesPeople in different countries use different types of money:yuan in China,pesos in Mexico,pounds in the United Kingdom,dollars in the United States,Australia and New Zealand.They may use different cur-rencies,but these countries,and probably all countries,still have one thing in ________(51):germs on the banknotes.Scientists have been studying the germs on money for well over 100 years.At the turn of the 20th ______(52),some researchers began to suspect that germs living on money could spread disease.Most studies of germy money have looked at the germs on the currency_________(53)one country. In a new study,Frank Vriesekoop and other researchers compared the germ populations found on bills of dif-ferent ________(54)Vriesekoop is a microbiologist at the University of Ballarat in Australia.He led the study,which corn-pared the germ populations found on money _______(55)from 10 nations.The scientists studied 1,280 banknotes in total;all came from places where people buy food,like supermarkets,street vendors andcafes,________ (56)those businesses often rely on cash.Overall,the Australian dollars hosted the fewest live bacteria一no more than 10 per square centimeter. Chinese yuan had the________(57)一about 100 per square centimeter. Most of the germs on money probably would not cause harm.What we call "paper money"________(58)isn'tmade from paper. The U.S.dollar,for example,is printed on fabric that is mostly cotton.Different countries may use different________(59)to print their money. Some of the currencies studied by Vriesekoop and his team,such as the American dollar,were made from cotton.Others were made from polymers.The three_______(60)with the lowest numbers of bacteria were all printed on polymers.They included the Australian dollar,the New Zealand dollar and some Mexican pesos.The_________(61)currencies were printed on fabric made mostly of cotton.Fewer germs lived on the polymer notes.This_______(62)suggests that germs have a harder time staying alive on polymersurfaces.Scientists need to do more studies to understand _________(63)germs live on money一andwhether or not we need to be concerned.Vriesekoop is now starting a study that will______(64)the amounts of time bacteria can stay alive on different types of bills.Whatever Vriesekoop finds,the fact remains:Paper money_________(65)germs.We should wash our hands after touching it.After all,you never know where your money's been.Or what's living on it._________(64)A:completeB:compareC:cancelD:command
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共用题干第三篇Archive Gallery: The Best of Bionics(仿生学)Humans might be the most highly-evolved species on the planet,but most animals possess skills we canonly dream of having.Imagine how much electricity we could save if we could see in the dark the way cats do. Imagine leaping from tree to tree like a monkey.Giraffes(长颈鹿),which are otherwise calm and good-natured,sleep only 4.6 hours a day.We realized a long,long time ago that nature provides the best blueprint(蓝图)for invention.We've borrowed canals from beavers(河狸)and reflectors from cat's eyes.Although the words "bionics" became popular only after the 1960s,history shows that nature has always provided ideas on solving everyday prob- lems. Our archives(档案)don't go back to the time of Leonardo da Vinci and his bird-like flying machines, but we can take you to the late 19th century,where we applied those same principles for building our firstpractical airplanes.To prepare for their flight at Kitty Hawk,the Wright brothers studied the movements of pigeons to figure out how they stayed high up when they were heavier than air. Their success inspired scores of successors to improve on the airplane by studying various aspects of nature,One of Orville Wright’、pupils caught and stuffed seagulls to examine their wingspan.Meanwhile,two French inventors examined spinning sycamore(美 国梧桐)seeds in an effort to apply those same motions,reversed,to a helicopter.Some examples are more obvious than others.The outside of the airplane designed by the Wright brothers looks like a minimalistic(简单抽象艺术)structure. On the other hand , Barney Connett ' s fishsubmarine(潜水艇)actually looks like a fish.Some bio-inspired concepts have yet to be invented.In the 1960s,the US Army commissioned several university professors to conduct research on the motor skills of animals in hope of applying those same abili- ties to tanks. Tanks that run like horses or jump like grasshoppers(蚂昨)一sounds shocking,doesn't it? But imagine how life would change if we could achieve that. What happened after the Wright brothers' success?A:People carried out a systematic study on pigeons.B:People could fly their airplanes for fun.C:People kept their airplanes at a French gallery.D:People studied more animals and plants to develop the airplane.
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共用题干Homosexuals(同性恋者)Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for woman,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just______(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,______(52)or with partners,and the use of artificial insemination(人工受精)is increasing among lesbians.Gay persons are in every kind of job.Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more private.Some______(53)their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice.For those women who see it as a choice,one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual(异性恋的)relationships.Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally______ (54).As a result,homosexual activity became a crime,______(55)which the penalty in early courts was death.Homosexual behavior is still______(56)in many countries and the United States.Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness,but now no mentalhealth professional(具有专业资格的人)any longer ______ (57) homosexuality an illness. More recent theories to______(58)for homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors.To date.______(59),there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.Attitudes______(60)homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century. Gays attribute this,in part,to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation. Some large companies now______(61)health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees. Many cities also have officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory(咨询的)committees.______(62)some attitudes have changed,however,prejudice(偏见)still exists,and in the late 1980s and early 1990s,there were considerable shouts against homosexuals,with attempt to ______(63)laws forbidding the granting of basic civil rights to gays.The AIDS epidemic,which started in the 1980s,has devastated(毁坏)the gay community and brought it together as never before,The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victim______(64)they be gays or not,has been a model of community action.AIDS,however,has also______(65)people with another reason for their prejudice._________(52)A:lone B:lonely C:along D:alone
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如果照射两眼的光波波长在600nm左右,人就知觉到()色。A、紫,B、蓝,C、黄,D、红
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订阅报刊款汇总登记簿
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安全目标责任不须分解到岗、落实到人。
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建筑工程安全防护、文明施工措施费用的使用情况是建设行政主管部门对施工单位安全生产监督管理的主要内容之一。
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建筑工程实行施工总承包的,专项方案应当由施工总承包单位组织编制。
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施工单位的应急救援预案,应包括定期培训,演练计划及定期检查制度等。
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建筑业最常发生的“五大伤害”事故是指高处坠落、()。A、坍塌B、触电C、火灾D、物体打击E、机械伤害
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《建设工程安全生产管理条例》规定,《特种设备安全监察条例》规定的施工起重机械,在验收前应当经有相应资质的检验检测机构()合格。A、监督检验B、检查C、检测D、检验
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任何产品和设备都必须具备()作用面。
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感觉的基本特征有哪些?
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下列关于空间旷奥度视觉特性的叙述,错误的是()。A、对于长方体的室内空间,其虚的界面若设在长边方向则更具空间开放性B、室内容积不变的情况下,增大顶面的面积,室内空间将显得更宽敞C、在室内空间中若实的视觉界面的数量越多,则室内空间奥的程度越弱D、当室内空间照度高,色彩为冷色调,界面质地光洁,温度偏冷时,空间显得宽敞
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工作间亮度分布比较均匀,将使人感到愉快,动作活跃,因此,工作间的亮度越均匀越好。
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大的厨房面积是保证安全的必要条件。
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在人和机器发生关系和相互作用的过程中,最本质的联系是()。
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为使产品适合于一个群体的使用,通常是通过测量()中较少量()的尺寸,经数据处理后而获得较为精确的所需群体尺寸。
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产品尺寸设计分类中,满足“只要能适合身材矮小者需要,就肯定也能适合身材高大者需要”的设计属于()。A、大尺寸设计B、小尺寸设计C、平均尺寸设计
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松软的厚地毯可以起保护作用,因此常用于保证建筑无障碍。
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听力正常的人其最佳听闻频率范围是()Hz。
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人体模板设计时要设计的关节数为()。A、8个,B、16个,C、24个,D、32个
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