共用题干Homosexuals（同性恋者）Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for woman,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just______(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,______(52)or with partners,and the use of artificial insemination（人工受精）is increasing among lesbians.Gay persons are in every kind of job.Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more private.Some______(53)their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice.For those women who see it as a choice,one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual（异性恋的）relationships.Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally______ (54).As a result,homosexual activity became a crime,______(55)which the penalty in early courts was death.Homosexual behavior is still______(56)in many countries and the United States.Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness,but now no mentalhealth professional（具有专业资格的人）any longer ______ (57) homosexuality an illness. More recent theories to______(58)for homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors.To date.______(59),there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.Attitudes______(60)homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century. Gays attribute this,in part,to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation. Some large companies now______(61)health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees. Many cities also have officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory（咨询的）committees.______(62)some attitudes have changed,however,prejudice（偏见）still exists,and in the late 1980s and early 1990s,there were considerable shouts against homosexuals,with attempt to ______(63)laws forbidding the granting of basic civil rights to gays.The AIDS epidemic,which started in the 1980s,has devastated（毁坏）the gay community and brought it together as never before,The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victim______(64)they be gays or not,has been a model of community action.AIDS,however,has also______(65)people with another reason for their prejudice._________(52)A:lone B:lonely C:along D:alone
共用题干
Homosexuals（同性恋者）
Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for woman,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just______(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,______(52)or with partners,and the use of artificial insemination（人工受精）is increasing among lesbians.
Gay persons are in every kind of job.Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more private.Some______(53)their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice.For those women who see it as a choice,one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual（异性恋的）relationships.
Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally______ (54).As a result,homosexual activity became a crime,______(55)which the penalty in early courts was death.Homosexual behavior is still______(56)in many countries and the United States.
Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness,but now no mentalhealth professional（具有专业资格的人）any longer ______ (57) homosexuality an illness. More recent theories to______(58)for homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors.To date.______(59),there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.
Attitudes______(60)homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century. Gays attribute this,in part,to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation. Some large companies now______(61)health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees. Many cities also have officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory（咨询的）committees.______(62)some attitudes have changed,however,prejudice（偏见）still exists,and in the late 1980s and early 1990s,there were considerable shouts against homosexuals,with attempt to ______(63)laws forbidding the granting of basic civil rights to gays.
The AIDS epidemic,which started in the 1980s,has devastated（毁坏）the gay community and brought it together as never before,The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victim______(64)they be gays or not,has been a model of community action.AIDS,however,has also______(65)people with another reason for their prejudice.
Homosexuals（同性恋者）
Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for woman,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just______(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,______(52)or with partners,and the use of artificial insemination（人工受精）is increasing among lesbians.
Gay persons are in every kind of job.Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more private.Some______(53)their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice.For those women who see it as a choice,one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual（异性恋的）relationships.
Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally______ (54).As a result,homosexual activity became a crime,______(55)which the penalty in early courts was death.Homosexual behavior is still______(56)in many countries and the United States.
Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness,but now no mentalhealth professional（具有专业资格的人）any longer ______ (57) homosexuality an illness. More recent theories to______(58)for homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors.To date.______(59),there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.
Attitudes______(60)homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century. Gays attribute this,in part,to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation. Some large companies now______(61)health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees. Many cities also have officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory（咨询的）committees.______(62)some attitudes have changed,however,prejudice（偏见）still exists,and in the late 1980s and early 1990s,there were considerable shouts against homosexuals,with attempt to ______(63)laws forbidding the granting of basic civil rights to gays.
The AIDS epidemic,which started in the 1980s,has devastated（毁坏）the gay community and brought it together as never before,The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victim______(64)they be gays or not,has been a model of community action.AIDS,however,has also______(65)people with another reason for their prejudice.
_________(52)
A:lone
B:lonely
C:along
D:alone
A:lone
B:lonely
C:along
D:alone
参考解析
解析：本题考查的是形容词的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。从上下文看，本句的意思是“他们中大多数和其他人一样过着平静的生活”。A项alike是表语形容词，意为“相像的”;B项like当形容词时，只作定语用，意思也是“相像的”，但它还可以用作介词，意为“跟……一样”;C项likely可用作形容词或副词，意为“很可能”;D项liking则是现在分词或动名词，意为“喜欢，爱好”。显然，B项符合题意，故选B。
本题考查的是对副词词组的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。四个选项中A和B项均是形容词，分别意为“孤单的，孤立的”和“孤寂的，寂寞的”;C项 along当介词用时意为“沿着……”，当副词用时意为“向前一起”;D项alone当副词用时意为 “独自地”，当形容词用时只作表语，意为“单独的”。从上下文来看，此处必须用一个副词，与or with partners一起作状语来修饰raise the children，故选D。
本题考查的是动词的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。回答这一问题时要注意空白处后面还有介词as。动词词组view…as…意为“把……看成……” ( =regard...as...)，其他三项虽然也与“看”有关，但A项（怒目而视）、B项（观察）和C项（扫视）都不符合题意，而且也没有与as连用的用法，故选D。
本题考查的是动词语态的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。回答本题要先对这个句子做语法分析。本句主语是homosexuality，谓语为已知的has been common，而and连接的应是谓语的一部分。从所给的选项中，其词义都是“谴责”，因此应填写过去分词condemned，与前面的has been一起构成被动语态，作并列谓语，意为“受到谴责”。故选A。
本题考查的是介词的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。显然，空格（55）所在的句子应该是一个非限制性定语从句，which指前面同性恋这一罪行。本句的意思应是早期的法庭将有此行为的人判处死刑。四个选项中只有C项for可明确表示原因，故选C。
本题考查的是形容词在句子中的使用以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。上句说“早期的法庭将同性恋者判处死刑”，本句的谓语用的是现在时，显然是做今昔对比：“现在在美国和许多其他国家中，同性恋行为仍然是……”在对四个选项进行对比选择时， still一词很重要，它起着提示作用，只有illegal（不合法的）与它搭配才合适，其他三个选项均不符合题意，故选B。
本题考查的是动词的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。填此空白时要注意空白处后面有宾语homosexuality和宾语补足语an illness。从上下文来看，此空白处应填的动词意思应该是“认为……是……，把……看成……”，四个选项均具有这个意思，但它们的用法却不相同，take…as… , regard…as… , think…as…这三个词组都要有as，只有 consider后面的as可有也可没有，故选B。
本题考查的是对动词词组的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。填此空白时要注意空白处后面有介词for。四个选项后面均可跟介词for，但意义各不相同。account for：解释……的原因；look for：寻找…...;fight for：为……而斗争；plead for：为……辫护。显然，只有选项A符合题意，故选A。
本题考查的是连接副词的使用和辫析及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。空格（59）前面的句子说，已经有许多建立在生物学和社会学基础上的理论来解释同性恋的原因，本句又说道：迄今为止，还没有一个普遍的定论来解释同性恋的原因。显然要填的这个插入语应该表示转折。四个选项中，A项in addition（此外）、B项therefore（因此）、D项consequently（因此）分别表示递进和因果关系，只有C项however（不过，然而）符合题意，故选C。
本题考查的是名词与介词的搭配。空格（60）前面的名词attitudes（态度）后面的介词只能是toward或to (对……的态度），故选D。
本题考查的是动词的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。本句说“现在一些大公司把它们的同性恋雇员的医疗福利……到他们的生活伴侣”。空格（61) 处后面的介词to提示了选择答案时要注意该动词应可以与介词to连用。四个选项中只有C 项有此用法，extend…to...（把……扩大到……，把……给予……），其他三个选项没有这种用法，也不符合题意。故选C。
本题考查的是连接词的使用及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。回答此问题时有两个线索可帮助判断：其一是插入语however表示转折，其二是however前面这个从句后面的主句与正常的逻辑推理相反，这就提示了前面是一个让步状语从句。四个选项中只有 B项While（虽然，尽管）是最佳选择。故选B。
本题考查的是动词的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。本句说“20世纪80年代末90年代初，有相当多的呼声反对同性恋者，并试图……法律，禁止将基本民权给予同性恋者”。这里关键要弄清是否存在过这样的法律。根据常识以及上文的叙述，几乎可以推断，这种法律并未存在过。因此B项ban(禁止，取缔）,C项discontinue（中止）和D项cancel(废除）均不可能，且与前面所说的反对同性恋的呼声相矛盾，故只有A项pass （通过）是最佳答案。故选A。
本题考查的是连接副词的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。回答本题时很重要的一条线索就是本空格所处的句子的谓语是含虚拟语气的be，而且后面还有or not，只有whether引导的状语从句才这样使用，故选D。
本题考查的是动词的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。回答本题时要注意空格处后面有介词with。四个选项均可与with连用，但意义又各不相同。 associate sb./sth.with sb./sth.：把……与……联系起来；share sth.with sb.：与……分享、共用…… ; provide sb.with sth.：给……提供…… ; charge sb.with sth.：指控……，使……承担……。比较起来，只有C项无论从用法上还是从意义上都是最佳选择，故选C。
本题考查的是对副词词组的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。四个选项中A和B项均是形容词，分别意为“孤单的，孤立的”和“孤寂的，寂寞的”;C项 along当介词用时意为“沿着……”，当副词用时意为“向前一起”;D项alone当副词用时意为 “独自地”，当形容词用时只作表语，意为“单独的”。从上下文来看，此处必须用一个副词，与or with partners一起作状语来修饰raise the children，故选D。
本题考查的是动词的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。回答这一问题时要注意空白处后面还有介词as。动词词组view…as…意为“把……看成……” ( =regard...as...)，其他三项虽然也与“看”有关，但A项（怒目而视）、B项（观察）和C项（扫视）都不符合题意，而且也没有与as连用的用法，故选D。
本题考查的是动词语态的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。回答本题要先对这个句子做语法分析。本句主语是homosexuality，谓语为已知的has been common，而and连接的应是谓语的一部分。从所给的选项中，其词义都是“谴责”，因此应填写过去分词condemned，与前面的has been一起构成被动语态，作并列谓语，意为“受到谴责”。故选A。
本题考查的是介词的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。显然，空格（55）所在的句子应该是一个非限制性定语从句，which指前面同性恋这一罪行。本句的意思应是早期的法庭将有此行为的人判处死刑。四个选项中只有C项for可明确表示原因，故选C。
本题考查的是形容词在句子中的使用以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。上句说“早期的法庭将同性恋者判处死刑”，本句的谓语用的是现在时，显然是做今昔对比：“现在在美国和许多其他国家中，同性恋行为仍然是……”在对四个选项进行对比选择时， still一词很重要，它起着提示作用，只有illegal（不合法的）与它搭配才合适，其他三个选项均不符合题意，故选B。
本题考查的是动词的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。填此空白时要注意空白处后面有宾语homosexuality和宾语补足语an illness。从上下文来看，此空白处应填的动词意思应该是“认为……是……，把……看成……”，四个选项均具有这个意思，但它们的用法却不相同，take…as… , regard…as… , think…as…这三个词组都要有as，只有 consider后面的as可有也可没有，故选B。
本题考查的是对动词词组的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。填此空白时要注意空白处后面有介词for。四个选项后面均可跟介词for，但意义各不相同。account for：解释……的原因；look for：寻找…...;fight for：为……而斗争；plead for：为……辫护。显然，只有选项A符合题意，故选A。
本题考查的是连接副词的使用和辫析及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。空格（59）前面的句子说，已经有许多建立在生物学和社会学基础上的理论来解释同性恋的原因，本句又说道：迄今为止，还没有一个普遍的定论来解释同性恋的原因。显然要填的这个插入语应该表示转折。四个选项中，A项in addition（此外）、B项therefore（因此）、D项consequently（因此）分别表示递进和因果关系，只有C项however（不过，然而）符合题意，故选C。
本题考查的是名词与介词的搭配。空格（60）前面的名词attitudes（态度）后面的介词只能是toward或to (对……的态度），故选D。
本题考查的是动词的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。本句说“现在一些大公司把它们的同性恋雇员的医疗福利……到他们的生活伴侣”。空格（61) 处后面的介词to提示了选择答案时要注意该动词应可以与介词to连用。四个选项中只有C 项有此用法，extend…to...（把……扩大到……，把……给予……），其他三个选项没有这种用法，也不符合题意。故选C。
本题考查的是连接词的使用及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。回答此问题时有两个线索可帮助判断：其一是插入语however表示转折，其二是however前面这个从句后面的主句与正常的逻辑推理相反，这就提示了前面是一个让步状语从句。四个选项中只有 B项While（虽然，尽管）是最佳选择。故选B。
本题考查的是动词的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。本句说“20世纪80年代末90年代初，有相当多的呼声反对同性恋者，并试图……法律，禁止将基本民权给予同性恋者”。这里关键要弄清是否存在过这样的法律。根据常识以及上文的叙述，几乎可以推断，这种法律并未存在过。因此B项ban(禁止，取缔）,C项discontinue（中止）和D项cancel(废除）均不可能，且与前面所说的反对同性恋的呼声相矛盾，故只有A项pass （通过）是最佳答案。故选A。
本题考查的是连接副词的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。回答本题时很重要的一条线索就是本空格所处的句子的谓语是含虚拟语气的be，而且后面还有or not，只有whether引导的状语从句才这样使用，故选D。
本题考查的是动词的使用与辫析以及对文章上下文逻辑关系的掌握。回答本题时要注意空格处后面有介词with。四个选项均可与with连用，但意义又各不相同。 associate sb./sth.with sb./sth.：把……与……联系起来；share sth.with sb.：与……分享、共用…… ; provide sb.with sth.：给……提供…… ; charge sb.with sth.：指控……，使……承担……。比较起来，只有C项无论从用法上还是从意义上都是最佳选择，故选C。
相关考题：
B）翻译（共5小题，计10分）阅读下面的短文，将划线句子翻译成中文。51.Today life is much better than before. Vision phone(可视电话) is used in some provinces. Maybe it will be used in every family. People can have an examination about their health without a doctor or a nurse in the room. 52.Now some people do some shopping at home.53.And how about our education? There have been more educational(教育的) programs on the radio， on TV or on the Internet. Some children live very far away from their schools， more and more of them don’t need to go to school every day now. They can study at home. 54.Teachers teach them on the Internet.In the future， each family will have a robot. 55.Robots will help people with their housework. In some years people can have a trip on the moon and some people can live under the sea in hot summer.51.Today life is much better than before
EXTENDED FAMILY In an extended family, all the people share one household. Apart from parents and children, there may be other family members grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, etc. That is to say, a large family may have more than two generations, and often there are more than two adults from different generations of a family. The family members live together for many reasons. They may help to bring up children or to take care of an ill relative. They may also help with saving money. Sometimes children are brought up by their grandparents, for their parents have died or can never take care of them. Many grandparents look after the children,particularly when both parents are busy working. This large family is called extended family. It can be found all over the world. The number of these families has increased by 40 percent in the past ten years. Most of such families live happily together.1. In an extended family, people live in different houses.()2. An extend family includes at least three generations.()3.In an extended family, children are looked after by their grandparents because their parents are traveling around.()4. Extended families can be found all over the world.()5. Children can live happily with their parents and grandparents.()
请阅读Passage 2，完成第小题。Passage 2NBA centre Jason Collins recently announced he was gay in a cover story for SportsIllustrated. In other words, he"came out of the closet." This expression for revealing one's homosexuality may seem natural. Being in the closet implies hiding from the outside world, and the act of coming out of it implies the will to stop hiding. But though the closet has long been a metaphor for privacy or secrecy, its use with reference to homosexuality is relatively recent.According to George Chauncey's comprehensive history of modern gay culture, Gay New York, the closet metaphor was not used by gay people until the 1960s. Before then, it doesn't appear anywhere"in the records of the gay movement or in the novels, diaries, or letters of gay men and lesbians.""Coming out," however, has long been used in the gay community, but it first meant something different than it does now."A gay man's coming out originally referred to his being formally presented to the largest collective manifestation of prewar gay society, the enormous drag balls that were patterned on the debutante and masquerade balls of the dominant culture and were regularly held in New York, Chicago, New Orleans, Baltimore, and other cities." The phrase"coming out" did not refer to coming out of hiding, but to joining into a society of peers. The phrase was borrowed from the world of debutante balls, where young women"came out" in being officiallyintroduced to society.The gay debutante balls were a matter of public record and often covered in the newspaper, so"coming out" within gay society often meant revealing your sexual orientation in the wider society as well, but the phrase didn't necessarily carry the implication that if you hadn't yet come out, you were keeping it a secret. There were other metaphors for the act of hiding or revealing homosexuality. Gay people could "wear a mask" or "take off the mask". A man could "wear his hair up" or "let his hair down", or "drop hairpins" that would only be recognized by other gay men.It is unclear exactly when gay people started using the closet metaphor, but "it may have been used initially because many men who remained 'covert' thought of their homosexuality as a sort of'skeleton in the closet'." It may also have come from outsiders who viewed it that way. It seems that"coming out of the closet" was born as a mixture of two metaphors: a debutante proudly stepping into the arms of a community and a shocking secret being kept in hiding. Now. the community is the wider community, and the secret is no longer shocking,"Coming out" is a useful phrase, but it need not imply a closet.What can we learn from the last paragraph?查看材料A．The phrase "coming out" is only used in the gay community.B．The meaning of "coming out" is becoming wider and wider.C．The phrase "coming out" only stands for a shocking secret in hidingD．The meaning of "coming out" has not changed until now.
请阅读Passage 2，完成第小题。Passage 2NBA centre Jason Collins recently announced he was gay in a cover story for SportsIllustrated. In other words, he"came out of the closet." This expression for revealing one's homosexuality may seem natural. Being in the closet implies hiding from the outside world, and the act of coming out of it implies the will to stop hiding. But though the closet has long been a metaphor for privacy or secrecy, its use with reference to homosexuality is relatively recent.According to George Chauncey's comprehensive history of modern gay culture, Gay New York, the closet metaphor was not used by gay people until the 1960s. Before then, it doesn't appear anywhere"in the records of the gay movement or in the novels, diaries, or letters of gay men and lesbians.""Coming out," however, has long been used in the gay community, but it first meant something different than it does now."A gay man's coming out originally referred to his being formally presented to the largest collective manifestation of prewar gay society, the enormous drag balls that were patterned on the debutante and masquerade balls of the dominant culture and were regularly held in New York, Chicago, New Orleans, Baltimore, and other cities." The phrase"coming out" did not refer to coming out of hiding, but to joining into a society of peers. The phrase was borrowed from the world of debutante balls, where young women"came out" in being officiallyintroduced to society.The gay debutante balls were a matter of public record and often covered in the newspaper, so"coming out" within gay society often meant revealing your sexual orientation in the wider society as well, but the phrase didn't necessarily carry the implication that if you hadn't yet come out, you were keeping it a secret. There were other metaphors for the act of hiding or revealing homosexuality. Gay people could "wear a mask" or "take off the mask". A man could "wear his hair up" or "let his hair down", or "drop hairpins" that would only be recognized by other gay men.It is unclear exactly when gay people started using the closet metaphor, but "it may have been used initially because many men who remained 'covert' thought of their homosexuality as a sort of'skeleton in the closet'." It may also have come from outsiders who viewed it that way. It seems that"coming out of the closet" was born as a mixture of two metaphors: a debutante proudly stepping into the arms of a community and a shocking secret being kept in hiding. Now. the community is the wider community, and the secret is no longer shocking,"Coming out" is a useful phrase, but it need not imply a closet.What is the main idea of this passage?查看材料A．The phrase "coming out" is used in gay community.B．The phrase "coming out" means revealing of homosexuality.C．The meaning of the phrase "coming out" has not changed.D．The development of the use of "coming out".
请阅读Passage 2，完成第小题。Passage 2NBA centre Jason Collins recently announced he was gay in a cover story for SportsIllustrated. In other words, he"came out of the closet." This expression for revealing one's homosexuality may seem natural. Being in the closet implies hiding from the outside world, and the act of coming out of it implies the will to stop hiding. But though the closet has long been a metaphor for privacy or secrecy, its use with reference to homosexuality is relatively recent.According to George Chauncey's comprehensive history of modern gay culture, Gay New York, the closet metaphor was not used by gay people until the 1960s. Before then, it doesn't appear anywhere"in the records of the gay movement or in the novels, diaries, or letters of gay men and lesbians.""Coming out," however, has long been used in the gay community, but it first meant something different than it does now."A gay man's coming out originally referred to his being formally presented to the largest collective manifestation of prewar gay society, the enormous drag balls that were patterned on the debutante and masquerade balls of the dominant culture and were regularly held in New York, Chicago, New Orleans, Baltimore, and other cities." The phrase"coming out" did not refer to coming out of hiding, but to joining into a society of peers. The phrase was borrowed from the world of debutante balls, where young women"came out" in being officiallyintroduced to society.The gay debutante balls were a matter of public record and often covered in the newspaper, so"coming out" within gay society often meant revealing your sexual orientation in the wider society as well, but the phrase didn't necessarily carry the implication that if you hadn't yet come out, you were keeping it a secret. There were other metaphors for the act of hiding or revealing homosexuality. Gay people could "wear a mask" or "take off the mask". A man could "wear his hair up" or "let his hair down", or "drop hairpins" that would only be recognized by other gay men.It is unclear exactly when gay people started using the closet metaphor, but "it may have been used initially because many men who remained 'covert' thought of their homosexuality as a sort of'skeleton in the closet'." It may also have come from outsiders who viewed it that way. It seems that"coming out of the closet" was born as a mixture of two metaphors: a debutante proudly stepping into the arms of a community and a shocking secret being kept in hiding. Now. the community is the wider community, and the secret is no longer shocking,"Coming out" is a useful phrase, but it need not imply a closet.Why did "come out of the closet" seem natural when refers to revealing one'shomosexuality?查看材料A．Because homosexual couples live in a place named Closet.B．Because both the closet and homosexuality mean privacy.C．Because Jason Collins has refrained from NBA.D．Because people always use "closet" to refer to homosexuality.
请阅读Passage 2，完成第小题。Passage 2NBA centre Jason Collins recently announced he was gay in a cover story for SportsIllustrated. In other words, he"came out of the closet." This expression for revealing one's homosexuality may seem natural. Being in the closet implies hiding from the outside world, and the act of coming out of it implies the will to stop hiding. But though the closet has long been a metaphor for privacy or secrecy, its use with reference to homosexuality is relatively recent.According to George Chauncey's comprehensive history of modern gay culture, Gay New York, the closet metaphor was not used by gay people until the 1960s. Before then, it doesn't appear anywhere"in the records of the gay movement or in the novels, diaries, or letters of gay men and lesbians.""Coming out," however, has long been used in the gay community, but it first meant something different than it does now."A gay man's coming out originally referred to his being formally presented to the largest collective manifestation of prewar gay society, the enormous drag balls that were patterned on the debutante and masquerade balls of the dominant culture and were regularly held in New York, Chicago, New Orleans, Baltimore, and other cities." The phrase"coming out" did not refer to coming out of hiding, but to joining into a society of peers. The phrase was borrowed from the world of debutante balls, where young women"came out" in being officiallyintroduced to society.The gay debutante balls were a matter of public record and often covered in the newspaper, so"coming out" within gay society often meant revealing your sexual orientation in the wider society as well, but the phrase didn't necessarily carry the implication that if you hadn't yet come out, you were keeping it a secret. There were other metaphors for the act of hiding or revealing homosexuality. Gay people could "wear a mask" or "take off the mask". A man could "wear his hair up" or "let his hair down", or "drop hairpins" that would only be recognized by other gay men.It is unclear exactly when gay people started using the closet metaphor, but "it may have been used initially because many men who remained 'covert' thought of their homosexuality as a sort of'skeleton in the closet'." It may also have come from outsiders who viewed it that way. It seems that"coming out of the closet" was born as a mixture of two metaphors: a debutante proudly stepping into the arms of a community and a shocking secret being kept in hiding. Now. the community is the wider community, and the secret is no longer shocking,"Coming out" is a useful phrase, but it need not imply a closet.Which of the following statement about "coming out" is True?查看材料A．Closet is always the metaphor of homosexuality.B．The original meaning of the phrase is the revealing of homosexuality.C．The phrase was borrowed from the world of debutante balls.D．The phrase "coming out" only refers to coming out of hiding.
请阅读Passage 2，完成第小题。Passage 2NBA centre Jason Collins recently announced he was gay in a cover story for SportsIllustrated. In other words, he"came out of the closet." This expression for revealing one's homosexuality may seem natural. Being in the closet implies hiding from the outside world, and the act of coming out of it implies the will to stop hiding. But though the closet has long been a metaphor for privacy or secrecy, its use with reference to homosexuality is relatively recent.According to George Chauncey's comprehensive history of modern gay culture, Gay New York, the closet metaphor was not used by gay people until the 1960s. Before then, it doesn't appear anywhere"in the records of the gay movement or in the novels, diaries, or letters of gay men and lesbians.""Coming out," however, has long been used in the gay community, but it first meant something different than it does now."A gay man's coming out originally referred to his being formally presented to the largest collective manifestation of prewar gay society, the enormous drag balls that were patterned on the debutante and masquerade balls of the dominant culture and were regularly held in New York, Chicago, New Orleans, Baltimore, and other cities." The phrase"coming out" did not refer to coming out of hiding, but to joining into a society of peers. The phrase was borrowed from the world of debutante balls, where young women"came out" in being officiallyintroduced to society.The gay debutante balls were a matter of public record and often covered in the newspaper, so"coming out" within gay society often meant revealing your sexual orientation in the wider society as well, but the phrase didn't necessarily carry the implication that if you hadn't yet come out, you were keeping it a secret. There were other metaphors for the act of hiding or revealing homosexuality. Gay people could "wear a mask" or "take off the mask". A man could "wear his hair up" or "let his hair down", or "drop hairpins" that would only be recognized by other gay men.It is unclear exactly when gay people started using the closet metaphor, but "it may have been used initially because many men who remained 'covert' thought of their homosexuality as a sort of'skeleton in the closet'." It may also have come from outsiders who viewed it that way. It seems that"coming out of the closet" was born as a mixture of two metaphors: a debutante proudly stepping into the arms of a community and a shocking secret being kept in hiding. Now. the community is the wider community, and the secret is no longer shocking,"Coming out" is a useful phrase, but it need not imply a closet.What does "take off the mask" mean among gay people?查看材料A．To show he is homosexual.B．To hide his homosexuality.C．It means that he wants to change his sexual orientation.D．It means that he doesn't want to be homosexual.
共用题干Step Back in TimeDo you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45.But now,she can live until at least 80.One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better. We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was like 100 years ago.Families had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long. Children suffered from lots of diseases , especially rickets（佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）, which are both caused by bad diets.This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down.People didn't have fridges until the 1 920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills（窗台板）,blocks of ice, or even burying it in the garden.Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their parents. If you had lived 1 00 years ago , you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a job done by many children)or working with your dad by now. Life was not easy for many children living 100 years ago.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
共用题干Step Back in TimeDo you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45.But now,she can live until at least 80.One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better.We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was 100 years agoFamilies had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long.from lots of diseases , especially rickets (佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）,which are bot diets.This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down.People didn't have fridges until the 1920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills（窗台板）,blocks of ice,or even burying it in the garden.Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their pai lived 100 years ago,you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a job done by many children）or working with your dad by now.People in the past preferred standing up to lying down when sleeping.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
共用题干Step Back in TimeDo you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45.But now,she can live until at least 80.One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better. We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was like 100 years ago.Families had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long. Children suffered from lots of diseases , especially rickets（佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）, which are both caused by bad diets.This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down.People didn't have fridges until the 1 920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills（窗台板）,blocks of ice, or even burying it in the garden.Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their parents. If you had lived 1 00 years ago , you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a job done by many children)or working with your dad by now. People now enjoy longer lives for unknown reasons.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
共用题干Step Back in TimeDo you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45.But now,she can live until at least 80.One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better.We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was 100 years agoFamilies had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long.from lots of diseases , especially rickets (佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）,which are bot diets.This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down.People didn't have fridges until the 1920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills（窗台板）,blocks of ice,or even burying it in the garden.Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their pai lived 100 years ago,you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a job done by many children）or working with your dad by now.People now enjoy longer lives for unknown reasons.A:RightB:Wrong C:Not mentioned
共用题干Step Back in TimeDo you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45.But now,she can live until at least 80.One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better. We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was like 100 years ago.Families had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long. Children suffered from lots of diseases , especially rickets（佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）, which are both caused by bad diets.This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down.People didn't have fridges until the 1 920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills（窗台板）,blocks of ice, or even burying it in the garden.Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their parents. If you had lived 1 00 years ago , you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a job done by many children)or working with your dad by now. A.hundred years ago many kids died at an early age.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
共用题干Step Back in Time Do you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45 .But now,she can live until at least 80. One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better. We know which foods are good for US and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better a-gain .And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily. But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was like 100 years ago. Families had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long. Children suffered from lots of diseases, especially rickets (佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）,which are both caused by bad diets.This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their chil-dren well. Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down. People didn't have fridges until the 1920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on window-sills（窗台板）,blocks of ice , or even burying it in the garden. Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their parents. If you had lived 100 years ago, you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a job done by many children) or working with your dad by now. People now enjoy longer lives for unknown reasons.A: RightB:WrongC: Not mentioned
共用题干Step Back in TimeDo you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45.But now,she can live until at least 80.One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better.We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was 100 years agoFamilies had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long.from lots of diseases , especially rickets (佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）,which are bot diets.This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down.People didn't have fridges until the 1920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills（窗台板）,blocks of ice,or even burying it in the garden.Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their pai lived 100 years ago,you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a job done by many children）or working with your dad by now.Life was not easy for many children living 100 years ago.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
共用题干Step Back in TimeDo you know that we live a lot longer now than the people who were born before us?One hundred years ago the average woman lived to be 45.But now,she can live until at least 80.One of the main reasons for people living longer is that we know how to look after ourselves better.We know which foods are good for us and what we have to eat to make sure our bodies get all the healthy things they need.We know why we sometimes get ill and what to do to get better again.And we know how important it is to do lots of exercise to keep our hearts beating healthily.But in order that we don't slip back into bad habits,let's have a look at what life was 100 years agoFamilies had between 15 and 20 children,although many babies didn't live long.from lots of diseases , especially rickets (佝偻病）and scurvy（坏血病）,which are bot diets.This is because many families were very poor and not able to feed their children well.Really poor families who lived in crowded cities like London and Manchester often slept standing up,bending over a piece of string,because there was no room for them to lie down.People didn't have fridges until the 1920s.They kept fresh food cold by storing it on windowsills（窗台板）,blocks of ice,or even burying it in the garden.Some children had to start work at the age of seven or eight to earn money for their pai lived 100 years ago,you might well be selling matchsticks（火柴杆）(a job done by many children）or working with your dad by now.A hundred years ago many kids died at an early age.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
共用题干HomosexualsMany homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for women,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just ________(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,________(52)or with partners, and the use of artificial insemination is increasing among lesbians.Gay people are in every kind of job.Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more private.Some________(53)their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice.For those women who see it as a choice,one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual relationships.Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally________(54).As a result,homosexual activity became a crime,________(55)which the penalty in early courts was death. Homosexual behavior is still________(56)in many countries and U.S.states.Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness,but now no mental一health profession any longer________(57)homosexuality an illness.More recent theories to________(58)for homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors.To date,________(59), there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.Attitudes________(60)homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century.Gaysattribute this,in part,to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation.Some large companies now________(61)health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees.Many cities also have officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory committees.________(62)some attitudes have changed,however,prejudice still exists,and in the late 1980s and early 1990s there were considerable shouts against homosexuals,with attempts to________(63)laws forbidding the granting of basic civil rights to gays.The AIDS epidemic,which started in the 1980s,has devastated the gay community and brought it together as never before.The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victims,________(64)they be gays or not,has been a model of community action.AIDS,however,has also________(65)people with another reason for their prejudice._________(54)A:condemnedB:condemningC:to condemnD:being condemned
共用题干Women with AIDSFor a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men.The gay community was very much in sight and vocal and successfully got support for its cause.Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one half of all AIDS cases in the world are women .But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do.In most cases,the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of her-self. The HIV- positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal prob- lems.Men,however,are usually the ones who have insurance income and access to doctors.They get care.Women often do not.The discrimination against HIV-positive women is simply terrible.They are likely to be more inactive than men in home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the discase .This is not at all true.They get it from a man.They don't just simply have HIV.Of cause,there's a social discrimination against all people with HIV.They are scared that other peo- ple will know they are HIV-positive and that they will,therefore be discriminated against.For ex-ample,it's very difficult for people with HIV to travel.They are not allowed to enter many coun- tries,including the United States,China and Russia.The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolation.Once the woman knows she's HIV-positive,she lives in fear that other people will find out. She's so frightened she will go into hiding,into an isolated place by herself. It's not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone,except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick.But HIV-positive women who get support,who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it-whether that means taking better care of them-selves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights-are likely to live longer. Active women don't die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women. Active women with AIDS tend live longer.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
共用题干Women with AIDSFor a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men.The gay community was very much in sight and vocal and successfully got support for its cause.Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one haff of all AIDS cases in the. world are women. But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do.In most cases,the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of herself. The HIV-positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal problems. Men,however,are usually the ones who have insurance income and access to doctors.They get care.Women often do not.The discrimination against HIV-positive women is simply terrible.They are likely to be more inactive than men in the home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the disease.This is not at all true.They get it from a man.They don't just simply have HIV.Of course,there's a social discrimination against all people with HIV.They are scared that other people will know they are HJV-positive and that they will,therefore be discriminated against. For example,it's very difficult for people with HIV to travel.They are not allowed to enter many countries,including the United States,China and Russia.The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolatjon.Once the woman knows she's HIV-positive,she lives in fear that other people will find out.She's so frightened she will go into hiding,into an isolated place by herself. It's not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone,except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick.But HIV-positive women who get support,who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it一whether that means taking better care of themselves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights一are likely to live longer. Active women don't die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women.Women with AIDS are encouraged to tell their trouble to others.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
共用题干Women with AIDSFor a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men.The gay community was very much in sight and vocal and successfully got support for its cause.Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one half of all AIDS cases in the world are women .But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do.In most cases,the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of her-self. The HIV- positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal prob- lems.Men,however,are usually the ones who have insurance income and access to doctors.They get care.Women often do not.The discrimination against HIV-positive women is simply terrible.They are likely to be more inactive than men in home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the discase .This is not at all true.They get it from a man.They don't just simply have HIV.Of cause,there's a social discrimination against all people with HIV.They are scared that other peo- ple will know they are HIV-positive and that they will,therefore be discriminated against.For ex-ample,it's very difficult for people with HIV to travel.They are not allowed to enter many coun- tries,including the United States,China and Russia.The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolation.Once the woman knows she's HIV-positive,she lives in fear that other people will find out. She's so frightened she will go into hiding,into an isolated place by herself. It's not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone,except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick.But HIV-positive women who get support,who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it-whether that means taking better care of them-selves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights-are likely to live longer. Active women don't die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
共用题干HomosexualsMany homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for women,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just ________(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,________(52)or with partners, and the use of artificial insemination is increasing among lesbians.Gay people are in every kind of job.Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more private.Some________(53)their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice.For those women who see it as a choice,one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual relationships.Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally________(54).As a result,homosexual activity became a crime,________(55)which the penalty in early courts was death. Homosexual behavior is still________(56)in many countries and U.S.states.Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness,but now no mental一health profession any longer________(57)homosexuality an illness.More recent theories to________(58)for homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors.To date,________(59), there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.Attitudes________(60)homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century.Gaysattribute this,in part,to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation.Some large companies now________(61)health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees.Many cities also have officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory committees.________(62)some attitudes have changed,however,prejudice still exists,and in the late 1980s and early 1990s there were considerable shouts against homosexuals,with attempts to________(63)laws forbidding the granting of basic civil rights to gays.The AIDS epidemic,which started in the 1980s,has devastated the gay community and brought it together as never before.The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victims,________(64)they be gays or not,has been a model of community action.AIDS,however,has also________(65)people with another reason for their prejudice._________(52)A:loneB:lonelyC:alongD:alone
共用题干HomosexualsMany homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for women,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just ________(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,________(52)or with partners, and the use of artificial insemination is increasing among lesbians.Gay people are in every kind of job.Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more private.Some________(53)their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice.For those women who see it as a choice,one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual relationships.Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally________(54).As a result,homosexual activity became a crime,________(55)which the penalty in early courts was death. Homosexual behavior is still________(56)in many countries and U.S.states.Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness,but now no mental一health profession any longer________(57)homosexuality an illness.More recent theories to________(58)for homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors.To date,________(59), there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.Attitudes________(60)homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century.Gaysattribute this,in part,to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation.Some large companies now________(61)health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees.Many cities also have officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory committees.________(62)some attitudes have changed,however,prejudice still exists,and in the late 1980s and early 1990s there were considerable shouts against homosexuals,with attempts to________(63)laws forbidding the granting of basic civil rights to gays.The AIDS epidemic,which started in the 1980s,has devastated the gay community and brought it together as never before.The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victims,________(64)they be gays or not,has been a model of community action.AIDS,however,has also________(65)people with another reason for their prejudice._________(51)A:alikeB:likeC:likelyD:liking
共用题干Prolonging Human LifeProlonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alivetoday would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago.Becausemore people live longer,there are more people around at any given time. In fact,it is a decrease in death rates,not an increase in birthrates,that has led to the population explosion.Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies,people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures,old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine,infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved,whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary societies,people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work;we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement,some-body else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illness than young or middle-aged people;unless they have wealth or private or government insur-ance,they must often“go on welfare” if they have a serious illness.When older people become senile or too weak and ill to care for themselves,they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures,they would be cared for at home until they died. Today,with most members of a household working or in school,there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need,a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built.These are of-ten profit-making organizations,although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups.While a few of these institutions are good,most of them are simply“dumping grounds”for the dying in which“care”is given by poorly paid,overworked,and under-skilled personnel.According to the passage,which of the following statements about retired people in the United States is true?A: Many of them have a very hard life.B: They cannot live a decent life without enough bank savings.C: They rely mainly on their children for financial support.D: Most of them live with their children and therefore are well looked after.
共用题干Women with AIDSFor a long time women with HIV were ignored because the focus was totally on HIV men.The gay community was very much in sight and vocal and successfully got support for its cause.Now we are rapidly approaching the point where about one haff of all AIDS cases in the. world are women. But no one is taking this dangerously high level of infection among women seriously enough.Women usually have a worse time dealing with HIV than men do.In most cases,the woman is taking care of children as well as her sick partner. She may not even have time to take care of herself. The HIV-positive woman ends up shouldering the family as well as her own personal problems. Men,however,are usually the ones who have insurance income and access to doctors.They get care.Women often do not.The discrimination against HIV-positive women is simply terrible.They are likely to be more inactive than men in the home and workplace because too many people think that women are the cause of the disease.This is not at all true.They get it from a man.They don't just simply have HIV.Of course,there's a social discrimination against all people with HIV.They are scared that other people will know they are HJV-positive and that they will,therefore be discriminated against. For example,it's very difficult for people with HIV to travel.They are not allowed to enter many countries,including the United States,China and Russia.The biggest difficulty an HIV-positive woman must face is the isolatjon.Once the woman knows she's HIV-positive,she lives in fear that other people will find out.She's so frightened she will go into hiding,into an isolated place by herself. It's not at all uncommon to meet a woman who has been HIV-positive for nearly 10 years and has never told anyone,except her doctor. And the resulting stress is enough to make her sick.But HIV-positive women who get support,who can discuss their trouble and then do something about it一whether that means taking better care of themselves or going to the United Nations to struggle for their rights一are likely to live longer. Active women don't die out of shame in a corner. This happens to too many HIV-positive women.Active women with AIDS tend to live longer.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
共用题干Homosexuals（同性恋者）Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for woman,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just______(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,______(52)or with partners,and the use of artificial insemination（人工受精）is increasing among lesbians.Gay persons are in every kind of job.Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more private.Some______(53)their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice.For those women who see it as a choice,one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual（异性恋的）relationships.Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally______ (54).As a result,homosexual activity became a crime,______(55)which the penalty in early courts was death.Homosexual behavior is still______(56)in many countries and the United States.Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness,but now no mentalhealth professional（具有专业资格的人）any longer ______ (57) homosexuality an illness. More recent theories to______(58)for homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors.To date.______(59),there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.Attitudes______(60)homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century. Gays attribute this,in part,to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation. Some large companies now______(61)health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees. Many cities also have officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory（咨询的）committees.______(62)some attitudes have changed,however,prejudice（偏见）still exists,and in the late 1980s and early 1990s,there were considerable shouts against homosexuals,with attempt to ______(63)laws forbidding the granting of basic civil rights to gays.The AIDS epidemic,which started in the 1980s,has devastated（毁坏）the gay community and brought it together as never before,The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victim______(64)they be gays or not,has been a model of community action.AIDS,however,has also______(65)people with another reason for their prejudice._________(55)A:against B:from C:for D:of
共用题干Homosexuals（同性恋者）Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for woman,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just______(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,______(52)or with partners,and the use of artificial insemination（人工受精）is increasing among lesbians.Gay persons are in every kind of job.Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more private.Some______(53)their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice.For those women who see it as a choice,one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual（异性恋的）relationships.Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally______ (54).As a result,homosexual activity became a crime,______(55)which the penalty in early courts was death.Homosexual behavior is still______(56)in many countries and the United States.Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness,but now no mentalhealth professional（具有专业资格的人）any longer ______ (57) homosexuality an illness. More recent theories to______(58)for homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors.To date.______(59),there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.Attitudes______(60)homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century. Gays attribute this,in part,to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation. Some large companies now______(61)health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees. Many cities also have officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory（咨询的）committees.______(62)some attitudes have changed,however,prejudice（偏见）still exists,and in the late 1980s and early 1990s,there were considerable shouts against homosexuals,with attempt to ______(63)laws forbidding the granting of basic civil rights to gays.The AIDS epidemic,which started in the 1980s,has devastated（毁坏）the gay community and brought it together as never before,The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victim______(64)they be gays or not,has been a model of community action.AIDS,however,has also______(65)people with another reason for their prejudice._________(52)A:lone B:lonely C:along D:alone
共用题干Homosexuals（同性恋者）Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or,for woman,lesbian.Most of them live quiet lives just______(51)anyone else.Some gay people have always raised children,______(52)or with partners,and the use of artificial insemination（人工受精）is increasing among lesbians.Gay persons are in every kind of job.Some are very open about their homosexuality,and some are more private.Some______(53)their sexual orientation as a biological given and others as a choice.For those women who see it as a choice,one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual（异性恋的）relationships.Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history and generally______ (54).As a result,homosexual activity became a crime,______(55)which the penalty in early courts was death.Homosexual behavior is still______(56)in many countries and the United States.Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness,but now no mentalhealth professional（具有专业资格的人）any longer ______ (57) homosexuality an illness. More recent theories to______(58)for homosexuality have included those based on biological and sociological factors.To date.______(59),there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.Attitudes______(60)homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century. Gays attribute this,in part,to their own struggle for their rights and pride in their orientation. Some large companies now______(61)health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees. Many cities also have officially appointed lesbian and gay advisory（咨询的）committees.______(62)some attitudes have changed,however,prejudice（偏见）still exists,and in the late 1980s and early 1990s,there were considerable shouts against homosexuals,with attempt to ______(63)laws forbidding the granting of basic civil rights to gays.The AIDS epidemic,which started in the 1980s,has devastated（毁坏）the gay community and brought it together as never before,The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting AIDS and to the needs of the thousands of AIDS victim______(64)they be gays or not,has been a model of community action.AIDS,however,has also______(65)people with another reason for their prejudice._________(51)A:alike B:like C:likely D:liking
共用题干The Dangers of Second-hand SmokeMost people know that cigarette smoking is harmful to their health.Scientific research shows that it causes many kinds of diseases.In fact,many people who smoke get lung cancer.However,Edward Gilson has lung cancer,and he has never smoked cigarettes.He lives with his wife Evelyn,who has smoked about a pack of cigarettes a day throughout their marriage.______(46) No one knows for sure why Mr.Gilson has lung cancer.Nevertheless,doctors believe that second-hand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other people's cigarettes.______(47) The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53,000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to second-hand smoke.The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals.In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmoker's health._______（48)They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic chemicals in their bodies.As a matter of fact,almost all of us breathe tobacco smoke at times,whether we realize it or not.For example,we can not avoid second-hand smoke in restaurants,hotels and other public places.Even though many public places have nonsmoking areas,smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permitted.It is even harder for children to avoid second-hand smoke______（49)Research shows that children who are exposed to second-hand smoke are sick more often than children who live in homes where no one smokes and that the children of smokers are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer when they are adults as are children of nonsmokers.The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.People are becoming very aware of the dangers of second-hand smoke.______(50)______（47)A:Recently,though,scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.B:The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.C:This smoke is called second-hand smoke.D:However,second-hand smoke is dangerous to all people,old or young.E:As a result,they have passed laws which prohibit people from smoking in many public places.F:In the United States,nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.
名词解释题人工授精(artificial insemination，AI)