共用题干Malnutrition"Much of the sickness and death attributed to the major communicable diseases is in fact caused by malnutrition which makes the body less able to withstand infections when they strike",said Dr.Hiroshi Na-kajima,Director-General of the World Health Organization(WHO),in his statement on the first day of theWorld Food Summit organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in Rome,Italy,from 1 3 to 17 November,1996."At the same time,"he added,"in developing countries today,malnutrition is the cause of 174 million children under five years of age being underweight,and 230 million being stunted in their growth.Such figures represent deprivation, suffering and wasted human potential on a scale that is unacceptable from every point of view.Whether we think in terms of humanitarian concern,common justice or development needs, they demand a response,both from national governments and from international community."At the end of January 1996,98 countries had national plans of action for nutrition and 41 countries had one under preparation,in keeping with their commitments made at the International Conference on Nutrition in Rome in December 1992.The global situation,however,remains grim.Over 800 million people around the world still cannot meet basic needs for energy and protein,more than 2 ,000 million people lack essential micronutrients,and hundreds of millions suffer from diseases caused by unsafe food and unbalanced diets.In sheer numbers,iron is the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency.Mainly women of reproduction' age and children under five are affected by iron deficiency with prevalence hovering around 50% in developing countries.Among various regions in the world,it is South Asia which is hit hardest with prevalence reaching 80% in some countries.Tn infants and young children even mild anemia is associated with impaired intellectual as well as physical development.In older children and adults iron deficiency reduces work capacity and output.It also leads to increased accidents at work.While there is no single remedy,a combination of several preventive approaches is believed to work best.Dietary improvement includes consumption of iron-and vitamin C-rich foods and foods of animal origin, and avoiding drinking tea or coffee with or soon after meals.Iron supplementation of foods,particularly of staple cereals,is practiced in a growing number of countries.Iron supplementation is the most common approach,particularly for pregnant women.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a remedy for iron deficiency?A:Eating iron-rich foods. B:Avoiding drinking tea with meals.C:Drinking coffee soon after meals. D:Eating foods of animal origin.
共用题干
Malnutrition
"Much of the sickness and death attributed to the major communicable diseases is in fact caused by malnutrition which makes the body less able to withstand infections when they strike",said Dr.Hiroshi Na-kajima,Director-General of the World Health Organization(WHO),in his statement on the first day of the
World Food Summit organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in Rome,Italy,from 1 3 to 17 November,1996.
"At the same time,"he added,"in developing countries today,malnutrition is the cause of 174 million children under five years of age being underweight,and 230 million being stunted in their growth.Such figures represent deprivation, suffering and wasted human potential on a scale that is unacceptable from every point of view.Whether we think in terms of humanitarian concern,common justice or development needs, they demand a response,both from national governments and from international community."
At the end of January 1996,98 countries had national plans of action for nutrition and 41 countries had one under preparation,in keeping with their commitments made at the International Conference on Nutrition in Rome in December 1992.The global situation,however,remains grim.Over 800 million people around the world still cannot meet basic needs for energy and protein,more than 2 ,000 million people lack essential micronutrients,and hundreds of millions suffer from diseases caused by unsafe food and unbalanced diets.
In sheer numbers,iron is the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency.Mainly women of reproduction' age and children under five are affected by iron deficiency with prevalence hovering around 50% in developing countries.Among various regions in the world,it is South Asia which is hit hardest with prevalence reaching 80% in some countries.Tn infants and young children even mild anemia is associated with impaired intellectual as well as physical development.In older children and adults iron deficiency reduces work capacity and output.
It also leads to increased accidents at work.
While there is no single remedy,a combination of several preventive approaches is believed to work best.Dietary improvement includes consumption of iron-and vitamin C-rich foods and foods of animal origin, and avoiding drinking tea or coffee with or soon after meals.Iron supplementation of foods,particularly of staple cereals,is practiced in a growing number of countries.Iron supplementation is the most common approach,particularly for pregnant women.
Malnutrition
"Much of the sickness and death attributed to the major communicable diseases is in fact caused by malnutrition which makes the body less able to withstand infections when they strike",said Dr.Hiroshi Na-kajima,Director-General of the World Health Organization(WHO),in his statement on the first day of the
World Food Summit organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in Rome,Italy,from 1 3 to 17 November,1996.
"At the same time,"he added,"in developing countries today,malnutrition is the cause of 174 million children under five years of age being underweight,and 230 million being stunted in their growth.Such figures represent deprivation, suffering and wasted human potential on a scale that is unacceptable from every point of view.Whether we think in terms of humanitarian concern,common justice or development needs, they demand a response,both from national governments and from international community."
At the end of January 1996,98 countries had national plans of action for nutrition and 41 countries had one under preparation,in keeping with their commitments made at the International Conference on Nutrition in Rome in December 1992.The global situation,however,remains grim.Over 800 million people around the world still cannot meet basic needs for energy and protein,more than 2 ,000 million people lack essential micronutrients,and hundreds of millions suffer from diseases caused by unsafe food and unbalanced diets.
In sheer numbers,iron is the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency.Mainly women of reproduction' age and children under five are affected by iron deficiency with prevalence hovering around 50% in developing countries.Among various regions in the world,it is South Asia which is hit hardest with prevalence reaching 80% in some countries.Tn infants and young children even mild anemia is associated with impaired intellectual as well as physical development.In older children and adults iron deficiency reduces work capacity and output.
It also leads to increased accidents at work.
While there is no single remedy,a combination of several preventive approaches is believed to work best.Dietary improvement includes consumption of iron-and vitamin C-rich foods and foods of animal origin, and avoiding drinking tea or coffee with or soon after meals.Iron supplementation of foods,particularly of staple cereals,is practiced in a growing number of countries.Iron supplementation is the most common approach,particularly for pregnant women.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a remedy for iron deficiency?
A:Eating iron-rich foods.
B:Avoiding drinking tea with meals.
C:Drinking coffee soon after meals.
D:Eating foods of animal origin.
A:Eating iron-rich foods.
B:Avoiding drinking tea with meals.
C:Drinking coffee soon after meals.
D:Eating foods of animal origin.
参考解析
解析：根据第一段第一句，直接的因果关系发生在sickness and death和malnutrition之间。
答案依据在文章第二段，其中讲到“Such figures represent deprivation , suffering and wasted human potential on a scale that is unacceptable… they demand a response …"，由此得知，不管出于哪个方面的考虑，我们都要采取行动。
文章第三段中提到“98 countries had national plans of action for nutrition"，而另有41个国家的计划只是在准备中，并未被真正制定出来。
文章第四段中提到缺铁会引发贫血（anemia)、智力和身体发育受阻碍（impaired intellec-tual as well as physical development)、工作能力下降（reduces work capacity )。 C项traffic acci-dents在文中并未提及，故选C。
与该题有关的原文是在最后一段中，第二句话中提到" avoiding drinking tea or coffee with or soon after meals"，这与C项描述相反，而其他三项在文中均被提及，故选C。
答案依据在文章第二段，其中讲到“Such figures represent deprivation , suffering and wasted human potential on a scale that is unacceptable… they demand a response …"，由此得知，不管出于哪个方面的考虑，我们都要采取行动。
文章第三段中提到“98 countries had national plans of action for nutrition"，而另有41个国家的计划只是在准备中，并未被真正制定出来。
文章第四段中提到缺铁会引发贫血（anemia)、智力和身体发育受阻碍（impaired intellec-tual as well as physical development)、工作能力下降（reduces work capacity )。 C项traffic acci-dents在文中并未提及，故选C。
与该题有关的原文是在最后一段中，第二句话中提到" avoiding drinking tea or coffee with or soon after meals"，这与C项描述相反，而其他三项在文中均被提及，故选C。
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共用题干第一篇U. S. Blacks Hard-hit by CancerDeath rates for cancer are falling for all Americans,but black Americans are still more likely to die of cancer than whites,the American Cancer Society said Monday.In a special report on cancer and blacks,the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites,and they are more likely to die of the disease.This could be because of unequal（不平等的）access to medical care, because blacks are more likely to have other diseases as well,and perhaps because of differences in the biology（生物学）of the cancer itself, the report added."In general,black Americans have less hope of surviving five years after diagnosis than whites for all cancer sites and all stages of diagnosis,"the report said,"In describing cancer statistics for black Americans,this report recognizes that many of the differences associated with race may be caused by unfair social and economic differences and unequal access to medical care."The cancer society said blacks should be encouraged to get check-ups（体格检查） earlier,when cancer is more treatable,and it said more research is needed to see if biological differences play a role."The new statistics emphasize the continuing importance of wiping out these unfair social differences through public policy and education efforts,"the organization said in a statement.But it also noted a drop in cancer death rates."Cancer death rates in both sexes for all sites combined have dropped greatly among black Americans since 1992,as have incidence rates（发生率）,"said the report. Cancer is more treatable if it is detectedA:in an early stage. B:in a late stage.C:all of a sudden. D:together with other diseases.
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共用题干Malnutrition"Much of the sickness and death attributed to the major communicable diseases is in fact caused by malnutrition which makes the body less able to withstand infections when they strike",said Dr.Hiroshi Na-kajima,Director-General of the World Health Organization(WHO),in his statement on the first day of theWorld Food Summit organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in Rome,Italy,from 1 3 to 17 November,1996."At the same time,"he added,"in developing countries today,malnutrition is the cause of 174 million children under five years of age being underweight,and 230 million being stunted in their growth.Such figures represent deprivation, suffering and wasted human potential on a scale that is unacceptable from every point of view.Whether we think in terms of humanitarian concern,common justice or development needs, they demand a response,both from national governments and from international community."At the end of January 1996,98 countries had national plans of action for nutrition and 41 countries had one under preparation,in keeping with their commitments made at the International Conference on Nutrition in Rome in December 1992.The global situation,however,remains grim.Over 800 million people around the world still cannot meet basic needs for energy and protein,more than 2 ,000 million people lack essential micronutrients,and hundreds of millions suffer from diseases caused by unsafe food and unbalanced diets.In sheer numbers,iron is the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency.Mainly women of reproduction' age and children under five are affected by iron deficiency with prevalence hovering around 50% in developing countries.Among various regions in the world,it is South Asia which is hit hardest with prevalence reaching 80% in some countries.Tn infants and young children even mild anemia is associated with impaired intellectual as well as physical development.In older children and adults iron deficiency reduces work capacity and output.It also leads to increased accidents at work.While there is no single remedy,a combination of several preventive approaches is believed to work best.Dietary improvement includes consumption of iron-and vitamin C-rich foods and foods of animal origin, and avoiding drinking tea or coffee with or soon after meals.Iron supplementation of foods,particularly of staple cereals,is practiced in a growing number of countries.Iron supplementation is the most common approach,particularly for pregnant women.How many countries have made plans of action for nutrition?A:98.B:41.C:139. D:57.
共用题干Malnutrition"Much of the sickness and death attributed to the major communicable diseases is in fact caused by malnutrition which makes the body less able to withstand infections when they strike",said Dr.Hiroshi Na-kajima,Director-General of the World Health Organization(WHO),in his statement on the first day of theWorld Food Summit organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in Rome,Italy,from 1 3 to 17 November,1996."At the same time,"he added,"in developing countries today,malnutrition is the cause of 174 million children under five years of age being underweight,and 230 million being stunted in their growth.Such figures represent deprivation, suffering and wasted human potential on a scale that is unacceptable from every point of view.Whether we think in terms of humanitarian concern,common justice or development needs, they demand a response,both from national governments and from international community."At the end of January 1996,98 countries had national plans of action for nutrition and 41 countries had one under preparation,in keeping with their commitments made at the International Conference on Nutrition in Rome in December 1992.The global situation,however,remains grim.Over 800 million people around the world still cannot meet basic needs for energy and protein,more than 2 ,000 million people lack essential micronutrients,and hundreds of millions suffer from diseases caused by unsafe food and unbalanced diets.In sheer numbers,iron is the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency.Mainly women of reproduction' age and children under five are affected by iron deficiency with prevalence hovering around 50% in developing countries.Among various regions in the world,it is South Asia which is hit hardest with prevalence reaching 80% in some countries.Tn infants and young children even mild anemia is associated with impaired intellectual as well as physical development.In older children and adults iron deficiency reduces work capacity and output.It also leads to increased accidents at work.While there is no single remedy,a combination of several preventive approaches is believed to work best.Dietary improvement includes consumption of iron-and vitamin C-rich foods and foods of animal origin, and avoiding drinking tea or coffee with or soon after meals.Iron supplementation of foods,particularly of staple cereals,is practiced in a growing number of countries.Iron supplementation is the most common approach,particularly for pregnant women.Which of the following is NOT the harm of lacking iron?A:Anemia. B:Impaired intellectual development.C:Traffic accidents. D:Reduced work capacity.
共用题干Malnutrition"Much of the sickness and death attributed to the major communicable diseases is in fact caused by malnutrition which makes the body less able to withstand infections when they strike",said Dr.Hiroshi Na-kajima,Director-General of the World Health Organization(WHO),in his statement on the first day of theWorld Food Summit organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in Rome,Italy,from 1 3 to 17 November,1996."At the same time,"he added,"in developing countries today,malnutrition is the cause of 174 million children under five years of age being underweight,and 230 million being stunted in their growth.Such figures represent deprivation, suffering and wasted human potential on a scale that is unacceptable from every point of view.Whether we think in terms of humanitarian concern,common justice or development needs, they demand a response,both from national governments and from international community."At the end of January 1996,98 countries had national plans of action for nutrition and 41 countries had one under preparation,in keeping with their commitments made at the International Conference on Nutrition in Rome in December 1992.The global situation,however,remains grim.Over 800 million people around the world still cannot meet basic needs for energy and protein,more than 2 ,000 million people lack essential micronutrients,and hundreds of millions suffer from diseases caused by unsafe food and unbalanced diets.In sheer numbers,iron is the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency.Mainly women of reproduction' age and children under five are affected by iron deficiency with prevalence hovering around 50% in developing countries.Among various regions in the world,it is South Asia which is hit hardest with prevalence reaching 80% in some countries.Tn infants and young children even mild anemia is associated with impaired intellectual as well as physical development.In older children and adults iron deficiency reduces work capacity and output.It also leads to increased accidents at work.While there is no single remedy,a combination of several preventive approaches is believed to work best.Dietary improvement includes consumption of iron-and vitamin C-rich foods and foods of animal origin, and avoiding drinking tea or coffee with or soon after meals.Iron supplementation of foods,particularly of staple cereals,is practiced in a growing number of countries.Iron supplementation is the most common approach,particularly for pregnant women.What is the cause of much of the sickness and death?A:Certain diseases. B:Malnutrition.C:Infections. D:Accidents.
共用题干第三篇Malnutrition"Much of the sickness and death attributed to the major communicable diseases is in fact caused by malnutrition which makes the body less able to withstand infections when they strike",said Dr. Hiroshi Na- kajima,Director-General of the World Health Organization(WHO),in his statement on the first day of the World Food Summit organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in Rome,Ita-ly,from 13 to 17 November,1996."At the same time,"he added," in developing countries today,malnutrition is the cause of 174 millionchildren under five years of age being underweight,and 230 million being stunted in their growth.Such figuresrepresent deprivation,suffering and wasted human potential on a scale that is unacceptable from every point of view.Whether we think in terms of humanitarian concern,common justice or development needs,theydemand a response,both from national governments and from international community.At the end of January 1996,98 countries had national plans of action for nutrition and 41 countries hadone under preparation,in keeping with their commitments made at the International Conference on Nutritionin Rome in December 1992. The global situation, however, remains grim.Over 800 million people aroundthe world still cannot meet basic needs for energy and protein, more than two thousand million people lackessential micronutrients,and hundreds of millions suffer from diseases caused by unsafe food and unbalanceddiets.In sheer numbers,iron is the most prevalent mieronutrient deficiency. MainlY women of reproduction ageand children under five are affected by iron deficiency with prevalence hovering around 50% in developingcountries.Among various regions in the world, it is South Asia which is hit hardest with prevalence reaching80% in some countries.In infants and young children even mild anemia is associated with impaired intellectual as well as physical development.In older children and adults iron deficiency reduces work capacity and output. It also leads to increased accidents at work.While there is no single remedy,a combination of several preventive approaches is believed to work best一Dietary improvement includes consumption of iron一and vitamin C-rich foods and foods of animal origin, and avoiding drinking tea or coffee with or soon after meals.Iron supplementation of foods,pathcularly of staple cereals,is practiced in a growing number of countries.Iron supplementation is the most commonapproach,particularly for pregnant women.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a remedy for iron deficiency?A:Eating iron-rich foods.B:Avoiding drinking tea with meals.C:Drinking coffee soon after meals. D:Eating foods of animal origin.
共用题干第一篇U. S. Blacks Hard-hit by CancerDeath rates for cancer are falling for all Americans,but black Americans are still more likely to die of cancer than whites,the American Cancer Society said Monday.In a special report on cancer and blacks,the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites,and they are more likely to die of the disease.This could be because of unequal（不平等的）access to medical care, because blacks are more likely to have other diseases as well,and perhaps because of differences in the biology（生物学）of the cancer itself, the report added."In general,black Americans have less hope of surviving five years after diagnosis than whites for all cancer sites and all stages of diagnosis,"the report said,"In describing cancer statistics for black Americans,this report recognizes that many of the differences associated with race may be caused by unfair social and economic differences and unequal access to medical care."The cancer society said blacks should be encouraged to get check-ups（体格检查） earlier,when cancer is more treatable,and it said more research is needed to see if biological differences play a role."The new statistics emphasize the continuing importance of wiping out these unfair social differences through public policy and education efforts,"the organization said in a statement.But it also noted a drop in cancer death rates."Cancer death rates in both sexes for all sites combined have dropped greatly among black Americans since 1992,as have incidence rates（发生率）,"said the report. Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?A:Unequal access to medical care.B:Greater probability of having other diseases.C:Differences in the biology of the cancer.D:Early diagnosis.
共用题干第三篇Malnutrition"Much of the sickness and death attributed to the major communicable diseases is in fact caused by malnutrition which makes the body less able to withstand infections when they strike",said Dr. Hiroshi Na- kajima,Director-General of the World Health Organization(WHO),in his statement on the first day of the World Food Summit organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in Rome,Ita-ly,from 13 to 17 November,1996."At the same time,"he added," in developing countries today,malnutrition is the cause of 174 millionchildren under five years of age being underweight,and 230 million being stunted in their growth.Such figuresrepresent deprivation,suffering and wasted human potential on a scale that is unacceptable from every point of view.Whether we think in terms of humanitarian concern,common justice or development needs,theydemand a response,both from national governments and from international community.At the end of January 1996,98 countries had national plans of action for nutrition and 41 countries hadone under preparation,in keeping with their commitments made at the International Conference on Nutritionin Rome in December 1992. The global situation, however, remains grim.Over 800 million people aroundthe world still cannot meet basic needs for energy and protein, more than two thousand million people lackessential micronutrients,and hundreds of millions suffer from diseases caused by unsafe food and unbalanceddiets.In sheer numbers,iron is the most prevalent mieronutrient deficiency. MainlY women of reproduction ageand children under five are affected by iron deficiency with prevalence hovering around 50% in developingcountries.Among various regions in the world, it is South Asia which is hit hardest with prevalence reaching80% in some countries.In infants and young children even mild anemia is associated with impaired intellectual as well as physical development.In older children and adults iron deficiency reduces work capacity and output. It also leads to increased accidents at work.While there is no single remedy,a combination of several preventive approaches is believed to work best一Dietary improvement includes consumption of iron一and vitamin C-rich foods and foods of animal origin, and avoiding drinking tea or coffee with or soon after meals.Iron supplementation of foods,pathcularly of staple cereals,is practiced in a growing number of countries.Iron supplementation is the most commonapproach,particularly for pregnant women.What is the writer’s attitude toward the serious situation?A:It is strange.B:It is acceptable.C:We should act.D:We can only wait.
共用题干Much of the sickness and death attributed_________(51)the major communicable diseases is in fact caused by malnutrition which makes the body less able to withstand infections when they strike,said Dr. Hiroshi Nakajima,Director-General of WHO,in his statement on the first day of the World Food Summit.At the same time,he added,in developing countries today,malnutrition is the cause of 174 million children under five years of age being________(52),and 230 million being stunted in their growth.Such_________(53)represent deprivation,suffering and wasted human potential __________(54)a scale that is unacceptable from every point of view. Whether we think in __________(55)of humanitarian concern,common justice or development needs,they demand a ___________(56),both from national governments and from international community.At the end of January 1996,98__________(57)had national plans of action for nutrition and 41 countries had one under preparation,in keeping with their___________(58)made at the International Conference on Nutrition in Rome in December 1992.The global situation,__________(59),remains grim. It is now __________(60)that 6.6 million out of the estimated 12.2 million deaths_________(61)are among children under five.In some__________(62),such as sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia,stagnation （停滞）of nutritional improvement_________(63)with a rapid rise in population has result in an ________(64)increase in total number of malnourished children.Over 800 million people around the world still cannot_________(65)basic needs for energy and protein,more than two thousand million people lack essential micronutrients,and hundreds of millions suffer from diseases caused by unsafe food and unbalanced diets._________(54)A:at B:inC:on D:for
共用题干第三篇Malnutrition"Much of the sickness and death attributed to the major communicable diseases is in fact caused by malnutrition which makes the body less able to withstand infections when they strike",said Dr. Hiroshi Na- kajima,Director-General of the World Health Organization(WHO),in his statement on the first day of the World Food Summit organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in Rome,Ita-ly,from 13 to 17 November,1996."At the same time,"he added," in developing countries today,malnutrition is the cause of 174 millionchildren under five years of age being underweight,and 230 million being stunted in their growth.Such figuresrepresent deprivation,suffering and wasted human potential on a scale that is unacceptable from every point of view.Whether we think in terms of humanitarian concern,common justice or development needs,theydemand a response,both from national governments and from international community.At the end of January 1996,98 countries had national plans of action for nutrition and 41 countries hadone under preparation,in keeping with their commitments made at the International Conference on Nutritionin Rome in December 1992. The global situation, however, remains grim.Over 800 million people aroundthe world still cannot meet basic needs for energy and protein, more than two thousand million people lackessential micronutrients,and hundreds of millions suffer from diseases caused by unsafe food and unbalanceddiets.In sheer numbers,iron is the most prevalent mieronutrient deficiency. MainlY women of reproduction ageand children under five are affected by iron deficiency with prevalence hovering around 50% in developingcountries.Among various regions in the world, it is South Asia which is hit hardest with prevalence reaching80% in some countries.In infants and young children even mild anemia is associated with impaired intellectual as well as physical development.In older children and adults iron deficiency reduces work capacity and output. It also leads to increased accidents at work.While there is no single remedy,a combination of several preventive approaches is believed to work best一Dietary improvement includes consumption of iron一and vitamin C-rich foods and foods of animal origin, and avoiding drinking tea or coffee with or soon after meals.Iron supplementation of foods,pathcularly of staple cereals,is practiced in a growing number of countries.Iron supplementation is the most commonapproach,particularly for pregnant women.What is the cause of much of the sickness and death?A:Certain diseases.B:Malnutrition.C:Infections.D:Accidents.
共用题干第一篇Heat and HealthExtremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.Although hot weather just makes most people hot,it can cause medical problems and death.Health experts say that since the year 1900,extremely hot weather has killed more people in the United States than any other natural event.One year一the unusually hot summer of 1980一heat caused about 1,700 deaths in the United States.In 1995,more than 600 people died in a similar heat wave in one city一Chicago.To measure extreme heat,government weather experts have developed the Mean Heat Index.It measures the average of how hot it is felt all day on an extremely hot day.Experts say it is the total heat of a hot day or several hot days that can affect health.Several hot days are considered a heat wave.Experts say heat waves often become deadly when the nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature.The most common medical problem caused by hot weather is heat stress.It is also least severe.For most people,the only result of heat stress is muscle pain.The pain is a warning that the body is becoming too hot. Doctors say drinking water will help the pain disappear after the body again has the right amounts of water and salt.For some people, however,the result is much more serious.For example,doctors say some people face a greatly increased danger from heat stress.These people have a weak or damaged heart,high blood pressure,or other problems of the blood system.Severe heat can help cause a heart attack or stroke.Health experts say this is the most common cause of death linked to hot weather. Muscle pain in hot weather means that your body needsA:more exercise. B:more water.C:less oxygen. D:less sugar.
共用题干The DeathModern scientists divide the process of dying into two stages一(46)________.Clinical death occurs when the vital organs,such as the heart or lungs,have ceased to function,but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived（复活）.Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the disintegration（解体）of vital cells and tissues. Death is then irreversible and final.Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that(47) ________.The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism,combined with narcotic（麻醉的）sleep. By slowing down the body's metabolism（新陈代谢）,cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.To illustrate how this works,scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta.(48)_________.Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature.When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from its body.The monkey's blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped,clinical death set in.For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state.Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees.At this point the scientists pumped blood into its body in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing.(49)_______.After fifteen minutes,spontaneous breathing began,and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head.After six hours,when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection,Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room.(50)__________.________（50）A:the organism can be revived before biological death occursB:clinical or temporary death and biological deathC:After two minutes the monkey's heart became active once moreD:Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animalE:The scientists put Keta to sleep with a narcoticF:Clinical death process should be prolonged
共用题干Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred YearsA hundred years ago,life expectancy in developed countries was about 47;in the early 21 st century,men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74,women to about 80, and these______(51)are rising all the time .What has brought______(52) these changes?When we look at the life______(53)of people 100 years ago,we need to look at the greatest______(54)of the time .In the early 20th century,these were the acute and of-ten______(55)infectious diseases such as smallpox.Many children died very young from these diseases and others,and the weak and elderly were always at risk.In the______(56)world these diseases are far______(57)today,and in some cases have almost disappcarcd.A number of______(58)have led to this:improvements in sanita- tion and hygiene,the discovery and use of antibiotics,which______(59)bacterial diseases much less dangerous,and vaccinations______(60)common diseases.______(61), people's general health has improved with improvements in our general environment:cleaner air,better means of preserving food,better and warmer housing,and better understanding of nutrition.Genetically,we should all be able to live to about 85 but______(62)people do live longer today,there are still some big killers around that are preventing us from consistently reaching that age .The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses,such as heart disease and strokes,and those______(63)by viruses,such as influenza and AIDS.Of course,cancer is a huge killer as well.In most cases these diseases affect______(64)people,but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity______(65)more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.The killers today can be classed as"lifestyle diseases",which means that it may be possiblem to halt their progress.56._________A: developedB: less developedC: undevelopedD: developing
共用题干More,Rural Research Is Needed 1 Agricultural research funding is vital if the world is to feed itself better than it does now.Dr.Tony Fischer,crop scientist,said demand was growing at 2.5% per year,but with modern technologies and the development of new ones,the world should be able to stay ahead. 2 "The global decline in investment in international agricultural research must be rwersed if significant progress is to be made towards reducing malnutrition and poverty,"he said. 3 Research is needed to solve food production,land degradation and environmental problems.Secure local food supplies led to economic growth which,in turn,slowed population growth.Dr.Fischer painted a picture of the world's ability to feed itself in the first 25 years,when the world's population is expected to rise from 5.8 to 8 billion people.He said that things will probably hold or improve but there'll still be a lot of hungry people.The biggest concentration of poor and hungry people would be in sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia in 2020,similar to the current pattern.If there is any change,a slight improvement will be seen in southern Asia,but not in sub-Saharan Africa.The major improvement will be in East Asia,South America and South一East Asia. 4 The developing world was investing about 0.5%,or $8 billion a year,of its agricultural gross domestic product(GDP)on research,and the developed world was spending 2.5%of its GDP.Dr.Fischer said more was needed from all countries. 5 He said crop research could produce technologies that spread across many countries,such as wheat roduction research having spin-offs for Mexico,China or India. 6 "Technologies still need to be refined for the local conditions but a lot of the strategic research can ave global application,so that money can be used very efficiently,"Dr.Fischer said. 7 Yields of rice,wheat and maize have grown impressively in the past 30 years,especially in developing countries.For example,maize production rose from 2-8 tonnes per hectare between 1950 and 1995.But technologies driving this growth,such as high-yield varieties,fertilisers,and irrigation,were becoming exhausted."If you want to save the land for non-agricultural activities,for forests and wildlife, you're going to have to increase yield,"Dr.Fischer said.Dr.Fischer claims that agriculture will continue to develop______.A:if we can drive yield upB:when Mexico,China and India join in the projectC:if we want to fight against malnutrition and povertyD:when we use modern technologies and develop new onesE:when the developed world helps the developing worldF:when strategic research can be utilized worldwide
共用题干How the Body Keeps the Same TemperatureThe temperature of your body should always be the same if you are fine,no matter whether the weather is hot or cold.That is why the doctor tests your temperature with a thermometer when you are sick.Normally, your body teniperature is ninety-eight point six degrees Fahrenheit.If it is_______(51)than that,it is a stire sign that something is wrong with your body.Your body keeps the same temperature all the time,because it balances the heat it produces and theheat it_______(52)off. It is always burning up food and producing heat.It can produce heat faster when the body needs or give off heat faster when the body becomes too warm.Let's see_______(53) this works.The heat of your body is given off chiefly through the skin.When you feel_______(54),your skin is tight and shows"goose flesh".When you feel chilly,you must_______(55)around to keep warm._______(56)your muscles begin to work,bum up fuel and produce more heat.It is not_______(57)toshiver,so you usually prefer warming up by taking exercise,or put_______(58)more clothes to keep warm。When you get warm,the skin is loose and soft. It is so supplied_______(59)blood that heat is giv-en off rapidly. If you get too warm,you begin to sweat and_______(60)body heat is used in evaporating the, moisture in your body.In warm_______(61)or warm rooms,you wear less clothing,_______ (62)heat can be given off freely. You prefer less exercise because your body is warm_______(63),and the extra heat produced by taking too much exercise makes you uncomfortable.Now you see why you_______(64)differently in different kinds of weather. In summer,when it is hot,you feel tired and lazy.You do not care to work or play,but enjoy lying down and doing nothing. When you get out of door in winter,the cold air makes you feel_______(65).You want to run and play._________(61)A:weatherB:climateC:circumstanceD:environment
共用题干US Blacks Hard-hit by CancerDeath rates for cancer are falling for all Americans,but black Americans are still more likely to die of cancer than whites,the American Cancer Society said Monday.In a special report on cancer and blacks,the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites,and they are more likely to die of the disease.This could be because of unequal access to medical care,because blacks are more likely to have other diseases like diabetes as well,and perhaps because of differences in the biology of the cancer itself,the report added.“In general,African Americans have less likelihood of surviving five years after diagnosis than whites for all cancer sites and all stages of diagnosis,”the report said.“In describing cancer statistics for African Americans,this report recognizes that socioeconomic disparities and unequal access to medical care may underlie many of the differences associated with race.”The Cancer Society said blacks should be encouraged to get check-ups earlier,when cancer was more treatable,and it said more research is needed to see if biological differences play a role.“The new statistics emphasize the continuing importance of eliminating these social disparities through public policy and education efforts,”the organization said in a statement.But it also noted a drop in cancer death rates.“Cancer death rates in both sexes for all sites combined have declined substantially among black Americans since 1992,as have incidence rates,”said the report.“Increased efforts to improve economic conditions in combination with education about the relationship of lifestyle choices to cancer could further reduce the burden of cancer among African Americans.” About 36 million Americans describe themselves as black,representing about 12 percent of the population. Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?A: Unequal access to medical care.B: Greater probability of having other diseases.C: Differences in the biology of the cancer.D:.Early diagnosis.
共用题干Food Safety and Foodborne illnessFood safety is an increasingly important public health issue.Governments all over the world are intensifying their efforts to_______(51)food safety.These efforts are in response to an increasing number of food safety problems and__________(52)consumer concerns.Foodborne illnesses are defined as diseases , usually either infectious or toxic（有毒的）in nature,caused by agents that__________(53)the body through the ingestion（摄取）of food. Every person is__________(54) risk of foodborne illnesses.Foodborne diseases are a widespread and growing public health__________(55),both in developed and developing countries.The global incidence of foodborne diseases is difficult to___________(56),but it has been reported that in 2005 alone 8 million people died from diarrhoeal（腹泻）diseases. A great proportion of these _________ ( 57 ) can be attributed to contamination（污染）of food and drinking water. Additionally, diarrhoea is a _________( 58 ) cause of malnutrition（营养不良）in infants and young children.In industrialized countries,the percentage of the population suffering from foodborne diseases each year has been__________(59)to be 10 up to 30%.In the United States of America,for example,around 76 million cases of foodborne diseases,resulting_(60)325,000 hospitalizations and 5,000 deaths,are estimated to occur each year._________( 61 ) less well documented , developing countries bear the brunt（首当其冲）of the problem due to the presence of a wide_________(62)of foodborne diseases,including those caused by parasites （寄生虫）.The high prevalence of diarrhoeal diseases in many developing countries suggests major ________(63)food safety problems.In partnership with other stakeholders,WHO is developing___________(64)that will further promote the safety of food.These policies___________(65)the entire food chain from production to consumption and willmake use of different types of expertise（专长）._________(57)A:factorsB:productsC:casesD:countries
单选题Which of the following statements about IKK∈ is INCORRECT?AThe basic job of IKK∈ is to protect the body from diseases.BIKK∈ is a kind of protein.CIKK∈ is linked with many immune diseases.DThe mice missing IKK∈ genes gain much more weight.
问答题Practice 1 Heat loss by sweating depends on the fact that when a liquid evaporates, it absorbs an enormous quantity of heat from its surroundings. Therefore, when I am of sweat evaporate, a great deal of heat is absorbed from the surface of the body in contact with it. 1______ 2______ The first is the amount of movement of air surrounding the body. The second is the amount of water vapor in the air that surrounds the body. 3______ For this reason, sweat evaporates very rapidly on windy days, and the rate of heat loss by sweating is much more than on a still day. This accounts for the fact that hot still days are much less comfortable than hot windy days. In contrast, the sweat evaporates very rapidly on hot windy days, and cools the body quickly and effectively. 4______ When air is carrying the maximum amount of water vapor that it can hold, it is said to be 100% saturated with water vapor. The relative humidity of the air is said to be 100%. Under these conditions the air cannot carry any water, so no water can evaporate. When the relative humidity is high, therefore, sweat cannot evaporate. Instead, it forms large drops and runs off your skin without cooling you. 5______ It is obvious that under these conditions, evaporation will be much more rapid. Therefore, sweating will be much more effective as a method of losing heat from the body. On a hot dry day, sweat evaporates as soon as it is formed, and you feel reasonably cool even though the temperature of your environment is very high.[A] When the air is very dry and carries no water at all, the relative humidity is said to be 0%.[B] The second factor is the amount of water vapor in the air－the humidity.[C] Hot windy days are much more comfortable than hot still days.[D] This heat transfer occurs even if the environment is hotter than the body.[E] When air moves over the surface of water, the amount of evaporation is greatly increased.[F] You might expect the highest incidence of a heat stroke when the maximum temperature is 100 and humidity is 50%.[G] Two factors affect the rate of evaporation of sweat, and therefore the effectiveness of sweating as a method of cooling the body.
单选题The major cause of malnutrition in the world is lack of ______.AproteinBvitaminCmineralsDfood