问答题A number of colleges and universities have announced steeptuition increases for next year--much steeper than the current, verylow, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because ofa loss in value of university endowments heavily investing in common 1．______stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price thatmaximizes its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and 2．______increasingly the outlook of universities in the United States isindistinguishable from those of business firms. The rise in tuitions 3．______may reflect the fact that economic uncertainty increases the demand for 4．______education. The biggest cost of being in the school is foregoing 5．______income from a job (this is primarily a factor in graduate andprofessional-school tuition) ; the poor one’s job prospects, the 6．______more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,in order to make oneself more marketable. The ways which universities make themselves attractive to 7．______students include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, givingstudents a governance role, and eliminate required courses. 8．______Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students ascustomers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten 9．______the rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost tothem of the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumnidonations, so the best athletes now often bypass higher education in order toobtain salaries earlier from professional teams. And until they were stoppedby the antitrust authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limitcompetition for the best students, by agreeing not to award scholarshipson the basis of merit rather than purely of need--just like businessfirms agreeing not to give discounts on their best customer. 10．______
问答题
A number of colleges and universities have announced steeptuition increases for next year--much steeper than the current, verylow, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because ofa loss in value of university endowments heavily investing in common 1．______stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price thatmaximizes its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and 2．______increasingly the outlook of universities in the United States isindistinguishable from those of business firms. The rise in tuitions 3．______may reflect the fact that economic uncertainty increases the demand for 4．______education. The biggest cost of being in the school is foregoing 5．______income from a job (this is primarily a factor in graduate andprofessional-school tuition) ; the poor one’s job prospects, the 6．______more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,in order to make oneself more marketable. The ways which universities make themselves attractive to 7．______students include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, givingstudents a governance role, and eliminate required courses. 8．______Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students ascustomers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten 9．______the rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost tothem of the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumnidonations, so the best athletes now often bypass higher education in order toobtain salaries earlier from professional teams. And until they were stoppedby the antitrust authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limitcompetition for the best students, by agreeing not to award scholarshipson the basis of merit rather than purely of need--just like businessfirms agreeing not to give discounts on their best customer. 10．______
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Passage FourStudents all over the world have to work for their education. A college education in the United States isexpensive. The costs are so high that most families begin to save for their children's education when their children are babies. Even so, many young people cannot afford to pay the expenses of full-time college work. They do not have enough money to pay for school costs. Tuition for attending the university, books for classes, and living expenses are high. There are other expenses such as chemistry and biology lab fees and special student activity fees for such things as parking permits and football tic, kets. The cost of college education increases every year. However, classrooms are still crowded with students. Some American students have scholarships or other support, but many do not.Students from other countries have money problems to overcome, too. Because students in most international programs need to have a sponsor, they work hard to earn scholarships or special loans. International students understand the value of going to school in another country. They also know that it is difficult. Yet just as Americans choose to attend American universities in spite of the difficulty, however, it is usually possible for students from abroad to work on university campuses to pay for some of the costs of their education. Some people believe that students value their education more if they work for it.48. Tuition for attending the university in the United States is ______.A. inexpensiveB. highC. free from chargeD. costless
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Universities are threatening to punish staff who fail to make up for lectures and seminars cancelled during strikes,a move that union leaders say could prolong the industrial action In one case the University of Kent has told staff that any failure to reschedule lectures or classes lost because of the strike would see them lose 50%to 100%of their pay"for every day where an individual continues to refuse to perform their full contract of employment".Kent's headline stance extends to deducting a high proportion of pay from low-paid graduate teaching assistants,with some liable to lose more than a month's pay for taking part in the strikes that have so far lasted five days.The strike by academics,librarians and administrators over proposals to radically restructure their pensions,which the University and College Union claims it will cost staff f 10,000 a year after retirement are scheduled to restart next week at about 60 universities.Liverpool University,headed by Janet Beer,the president of the Universities UK group backing the pension changes,told staff they would be"expected to provide learning materials"for events missed through strikes or they could have their pay docked.Sheffield University had initially threatened to further dock pay but the university backed down after staff protests.Keith Burnett,Sheffields vice-chan cellor,issued a statement saying the university would not take a punitive approach".Sally Hunt,the UCU general secretary,said universities such as Kent risked prolonging the strikesy adopting a confrontational approach."Universities are trying a wide range of tactics to break striking staff in this dispute.The one thing they have in common is that none of them are working,Hunt said Leon Schoonderwoerd,a Ph.D student in theoretical physics who is a graduate teaching assistant at Kent,said the university was taking about$200-$250 from his$300 monthly pay for taking part in the strike."The university has taken the harshest route in the way it has decided to deduct pay,"Schoon-derwoerd said.Staff at Oxford and Cambridge universities are using institutional protests to change their universities positions on the pension changes.In Oxford,academics have petitioned for an emergency debate at the,university's congregation next week but Oxfords leadership wowed to block any debate using procedural rules.Cambridges vice-chancellor,Stephen Toope,announced that the university was prepared to pay higher contributions in order to retain the current pension scheme and end the dispute It should be noted,however,that this approach would likely require trade-offs and cuts in other parts of the university,Toope said.According to the passage,"docked"（Line 3,Para.4）meansA.canceledB.restructuredC.deductedD.distributed
Universities are threatening to punish staff who fail to make up for lectures and seminars cancelled during strikes,a move that union leaders say could prolong the industrial action In one case the University of Kent has told staff that any failure to reschedule lectures or classes lost because of the strike would see them lose 50%to 100%of their pay"for every day where an individual continues to refuse to perform their full contract of employment".Kent's headline stance extends to deducting a high proportion of pay from low-paid graduate teaching assistants,with some liable to lose more than a month's pay for taking part in the strikes that have so far lasted five days.The strike by academics,librarians and administrators over proposals to radically restructure their pensions,which the University and College Union claims it will cost staff f 10,000 a year after retirement are scheduled to restart next week at about 60 universities.Liverpool University,headed by Janet Beer,the president of the Universities UK group backing the pension changes,told staff they would be"expected to provide learning materials"for events missed through strikes or they could have their pay docked.Sheffield University had initially threatened to further dock pay but the university backed down after staff protests.Keith Burnett,Sheffields vice-chan cellor,issued a statement saying the university would not take a punitive approach".Sally Hunt,the UCU general secretary,said universities such as Kent risked prolonging the strikesy adopting a confrontational approach."Universities are trying a wide range of tactics to break striking staff in this dispute.The one thing they have in common is that none of them are working,Hunt said Leon Schoonderwoerd,a Ph.D student in theoretical physics who is a graduate teaching assistant at Kent,said the university was taking about$200-$250 from his$300 monthly pay for taking part in the strike."The university has taken the harshest route in the way it has decided to deduct pay,"Schoon-derwoerd said.Staff at Oxford and Cambridge universities are using institutional protests to change their universities positions on the pension changes.In Oxford,academics have petitioned for an emergency debate at the,university's congregation next week but Oxfords leadership wowed to block any debate using procedural rules.Cambridges vice-chancellor,Stephen Toope,announced that the university was prepared to pay higher contributions in order to retain the current pension scheme and end the dispute It should be noted,however,that this approach would likely require trade-offs and cuts in other parts of the university,Toope said.What was the leaders'reaction to the staffs protest in Oxford University?A.They arranged a debate to discuss this matter.B.They held an indifferent attitude towardsC.They would pay higher pension to solve the disputeD.They would try to halt the debate
Universities are threatening to punish staff who fail to make up for lectures and seminars cancelled during strikes,a move that union leaders say could prolong the industrial action In one case the University of Kent has told staff that any failure to reschedule lectures or classes lost because of the strike would see them lose 50%to 100%of their pay"for every day where an individual continues to refuse to perform their full contract of employment".Kent's headline stance extends to deducting a high proportion of pay from low-paid graduate teaching assistants,with some liable to lose more than a month's pay for taking part in the strikes that have so far lasted five days.The strike by academics,librarians and administrators over proposals to radically restructure their pensions,which the University and College Union claims it will cost staff f 10,000 a year after retirement are scheduled to restart next week at about 60 universities.Liverpool University,headed by Janet Beer,the president of the Universities UK group backing the pension changes,told staff they would be"expected to provide learning materials"for events missed through strikes or they could have their pay docked.Sheffield University had initially threatened to further dock pay but the university backed down after staff protests.Keith Burnett,Sheffields vice-chan cellor,issued a statement saying the university would not take a punitive approach".Sally Hunt,the UCU general secretary,said universities such as Kent risked prolonging the strikesy adopting a confrontational approach."Universities are trying a wide range of tactics to break striking staff in this dispute.The one thing they have in common is that none of them are working,Hunt said Leon Schoonderwoerd,a Ph.D student in theoretical physics who is a graduate teaching assistant at Kent,said the university was taking about$200-$250 from his$300 monthly pay for taking part in the strike."The university has taken the harshest route in the way it has decided to deduct pay,"Schoon-derwoerd said.Staff at Oxford and Cambridge universities are using institutional protests to change their universities positions on the pension changes.In Oxford,academics have petitioned for an emergency debate at the,university's congregation next week but Oxfords leadership wowed to block any debate using procedural rules.Cambridges vice-chancellor,Stephen Toope,announced that the university was prepared to pay higher contributions in order to retain the current pension scheme and end the dispute It should be noted,however,that this approach would likely require trade-offs and cuts in other parts of the university,Toope said.According to Sally Hunt,the tactics used by Kent UniversitiesA.failed to prevent the strikes successfullyB.aroused the anger of the teaching staffC.have made strikes more difficult to stopD.were effective to decrease the staffs wages
Universities are threatening to punish staff who fail to make up for lectures and seminars cancelled during strikes,a move that union leaders say could prolong the industrial action In one case the University of Kent has told staff that any failure to reschedule lectures or classes lost because of the strike would see them lose 50%to 100%of their pay"for every day where an individual continues to refuse to perform their full contract of employment".Kent's headline stance extends to deducting a high proportion of pay from low-paid graduate teaching assistants,with some liable to lose more than a month's pay for taking part in the strikes that have so far lasted five days.The strike by academics,librarians and administrators over proposals to radically restructure their pensions,which the University and College Union claims it will cost staff f 10,000 a year after retirement are scheduled to restart next week at about 60 universities.Liverpool University,headed by Janet Beer,the president of the Universities UK group backing the pension changes,told staff they would be"expected to provide learning materials"for events missed through strikes or they could have their pay docked.Sheffield University had initially threatened to further dock pay but the university backed down after staff protests.Keith Burnett,Sheffields vice-chan cellor,issued a statement saying the university would not take a punitive approach".Sally Hunt,the UCU general secretary,said universities such as Kent risked prolonging the strikesy adopting a confrontational approach."Universities are trying a wide range of tactics to break striking staff in this dispute.The one thing they have in common is that none of them are working,Hunt said Leon Schoonderwoerd,a Ph.D student in theoretical physics who is a graduate teaching assistant at Kent,said the university was taking about$200-$250 from his$300 monthly pay for taking part in the strike."The university has taken the harshest route in the way it has decided to deduct pay,"Schoon-derwoerd said.Staff at Oxford and Cambridge universities are using institutional protests to change their universities positions on the pension changes.In Oxford,academics have petitioned for an emergency debate at the,university's congregation next week but Oxfords leadership wowed to block any debate using procedural rules.Cambridges vice-chancellor,Stephen Toope,announced that the university was prepared to pay higher contributions in order to retain the current pension scheme and end the dispute It should be noted,however,that this approach would likely require trade-offs and cuts in other parts of the university,Toope said.What is the passage mainly about?A.Universities claimed to punish the striking staff over missed lecturesB.University academics were facing the risk of losing their jobs?C.The university staff participated in the strikes for pension changesD.University leadership turned a blind eye to their staffs benefits.
共用题干Rising Tuition in the USEvery spring,US university administrators gather to discuss the next academic year's budget. They consider faculty salaries,utility costs for dormitories,new building needs and repairs to old ones. They run the numbers and conclude一it seems,inevitably一that,yet again,the cost of tuition must go up.According to the US's College Board,the price of attending a four-year private university in the US rose 81 percent between 1993 and 2004.________(46)In 2005 and 2006,the numbers continued to rise.According to university officials,college cost increases are simply the result of balancing university checkbooks."Tuition increases at Cedarville University are determined by our revenue needs for each year."said the university's president,Dr Bill Brown."Student tuition pays for 78 percent ofthe university's operating costs." Brown's school is a private university that enrolls about 3,100 undergrads and is consistently recognized by annual college ranking guides like US News and World Report's and The Princeton Review's.________(47)Tuition at private universities is set by administration officials and then sent for approval to theschool's board of trustees (董事）.________(48)This board oversees（监管）all of a state's publicinstitutions.John Durham,assistant secretary to the board of trustees at East Carolina University(ECU), explains that state Law says that public institutions must make their services available wheneverpossible to the people of the state for free.Durham said that North Carolina residents only pay 22 percent of the cost of their education.________(49)State residents attending ECU pay about US $10,000 for tuition,room and board before financial aid.Amid the news about continued increases in college costs,however,there is some good news. Tuition increases have been accompanied by roughly equal increases in financial aid at almost every university.To receive financial aid,US students complete a formal application with the federal government. The federal government then decides whether an applicant is eligible（有资格的）for grants or loans.________(50)__________（50）A:The application is then sent to the student's university,where the school itself will decide whether free money will be given to the student and how much.B:At public universities,however,tuition increases must also be approved by a state education committee,sometimes called the board of governors.C:The school currently charges US $23,410 a year for tuition.D:Many American people are simply unable to pay the growing cost of food.E:That's more than double the rate of inflation. F: The state government covers the rest.
共用题干Rising Tuition in the USEvery spring,US university administrators gather to discuss the next academic year's budget.They consider faculty salaries,utility costs for dormitories,new building needs and repairs to old ones .They run the numbers and conclude-it seems,inevitably-that,yet again,the cost of tuition must go up.According to the US's College Board,the price of attending a four-year private university in the US rose 81 percent between 1993 and 2004.______(46)In 2005 and 2006,the numbers continued to rise.According to university officials,college cost increases are simply the result of balancing uni-versity checkbooks.“Tuition increases at Cedarville University are determined by our revenue needs for each year.”said the university's president,Dr. Bill Brown.“Student tuition pays for 78 percent of the university's operating costs.”Brown's school is a private university that enrolls about 3,100 undergrads and is consistently recognized by annual college ranking guides like US News and World Report's and The Princeton Review's.______(47)Tuition at private universities is set by administration officials and then sent for approval to the school's board of trustees (董事）.______( 48 ) This board oversees（监管）all of a state's public institutions.John Durham,assistant secretary to the board of trustees at East Carolina University(ECU), explains that state law says that public institutions must make their services available whenever possible to the people of the state for free.Durham said that North Carolina residents only pay 22 percent of the cost of their education.______(49)State residents attending ECU pay about US $10,000 for tuition,room and board before financial aid.Amid the news about continued increases in college costs,however,there is some good news. Tuition increases have been accompanied by roughly equal increases in financial aid at almost ev-ery university.To receive financial aid,US students complete a formal application with the federal government. The federal government then decides whether an applicant is eligible（有资格的）for grants or loans______(50)______(47)A: The application is then sent to the student's university,where the school itself will decide whether free money will be given to the student and how much.B: At public universities,however,tuition increases must also be approved by a state edu-cation committee,sometimes called the board of governors.C: The school currently charges US$23,410 a year for tuition.D: Many American people are simply unable to pay the growing cost of food.E: That's more than double the rate of inflation.F: The state government covers the rest.
Evaluate the following SQL statement used to create the PRODUCTS table： CREATE TABLE products （product_id NUMBER（3） PRIMARY KEY， product_desc VARCHAR2（25）， qtyNUMBER（8，2）， rate NUMBER（10，2）， total_value AS （ qty * rate）） PARTITION BY RANGE （total_value） （PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN （100000）， PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN （150000）， PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN （MAXVALUE）） COMPRESS FOR ALL OPERATIONS； Which statement is true regarding this command？（） A、 It executes successfully but partition pruning cannot happen for this partition key.B、 It produces an error because the TOTAL_VALUE column cannot be used as a partition key.C、 It produces an error because compression cannot be used for the TOTAL_VALUE partition key. D、 It executes successfully but the values in the TOTAL_VALUE column would not be physically stored in the partitions.
TestKing.com has a SQL Server 2005 computer. You have been assigned the task of retrieving information about a user who is currently logged in. You need to create a function that returns scalar information about the activity time for a particular user. What are two possible ways to achieve this goal？（）A、Create a function that returns a list of values that represent the login times for the given user.B、Create a function that returns a list of values that represent the people who have logged more hours than the current user has logged.C、Create a function that returns a numeric value that represents the number of hours that a user has logged for the current day.D、Create a function that returns a numeric value that represents the number of hours that a user has logged for the current month.
问答题It’s hard to get more white-fenced than Naperville. In the western Chicago suburb, crime is an annoyance, not a problem. The streets are clean and the schools are some of the most impressive in the state, producing some of the brightest students who attend the nation’s best colleges. (1)____________. The rankings will be phased out over the next year, with 2007’s upperclassmen deciding whether to include such a rank in their official transcripts. By no longer ranking students, the Naperville School District 203 is squarely in line with a trend that is fast sweeping the nation, as more and more private and public schools are dropping the practice. The goal, proponents say, is to cut down on the hyper-competition and lessen the stress at such a critical learning point and maturation curve in kids’ lives. “It’s a high bar we set, and it should be,” said Naperville Superintendent Alan Leis. “But there needs to be more than wrestling over who’s better than who.” (2)______________. Some 80% or more public schools still report rankings to inquiring universities and colleges, but a growing number of high schools in the Chicago area and around the country—in mostly affluent districts from California to Miami to New Jersey—have already adopted the practice. (3)_______________. Even in Naperville, a valedictorian is still expected to address the class, but that honor is not chosen until the last weeks of a school year and is not forwarded on to schools in official transcripts. (4)_______________. According to Dr. Scott Hunter, a clinical psychologist and school consultant at the University of Chicago Hospitals who specializes in pediatric neuropsychology. “The reality is that we have made in the last 10 years more of rank than it deserves because some kids don’t really shine until they enter into adulthood, and they risk being ignored by the very places and people where they could greatly succeed,” adds Hunter, “ This is an artificial number in terms of where a person really falls.” (5)___________________. “It makes it a little more opaque for us on the admissions side, but we fully understand it,” said Jim Miller, director of admissions at Brown University. “It’s conceivable a student could get a B in gym and get knocked down 40 places in rank. So we’re getting more used to it, and probably half our applicants now come from schools that don’t have rank. “ [A] Class rankings, a tradition at many schools, have long helped universities and colleges—especially the Harvards and Princetons of the world—weed out the weak students from the strong, the ones with not only promise but the ambition to excel and meet the difficulties of higher education. [B] But it’s vicious at the top—so much so that Naperville’s school officials recently voted to stop using a class ranking system. [C] A much higher number of private schools do not share their rankings, including some independent schools in Chicago that, for example, have societies that recognize the top 10% of a class but choose to allow the students themselves dictate who speaks at graduation. [D] Competitions among students for the title of honored graduates are very tight and are on the rise in a great number of private schools. [E] Schools just have to make certain, through student profiles and other means, the strength of a schedule and student performance relative to other students. [F] Not surprisingly, there is still lots of disagreement about the new policy; some parents are worried that it hurts high-achieving students’ chances of getting over the bar, while forcing colleges and universities to rely on perhaps less reliable or easier measures or on standardized tests like the ACT or SAT. [G] Students and their parents increasingly fight over who gets to be number one, and the damage that can be done—both academically and psychologically—to those who lose out far wins the benefits of the glory attached to such titles.(此文选自Time 2006年刊)
单选题The number of international students at our university ______ steadily, but a number of universities in the state ______ international student enrollment decline.Ahas grown； has seenBhave grown；has seenChave grown；have seenDhas grown；have seen
问答题Practice 2 The magical thing about this network is not just that it collapses distance and makes everyone your neighbor. It also dramatically increases the number of brilliant minds we can have working together on the same problem and that scales up the rate of innovation to a staggering degree. At the same time, for every person in the world who has access to this technology, five people don’t. That means many creative minds are left out of this discussion—smart people with practical intelligence and relevant experience who don’t have the technology to hone their talents or contribute their ideas to the world. We need as many people as possible to have access to this technology, because these advances are triggering a revolution in what human beings can do for one another. They are making it possible not just for national governments, but for universities, corporations, smaller organizations, and even individuals to see problems, see approaches, and measure the impact of their efforts to address the hunger, poverty, and desperation George Marshall spoke of 60 years ago.
单选题A naturally aspirated diesel engine at full throttle will have an intake manifold pressure （）Aslightly less than atmospheric pressureBapproximately equal to exhaust manifold pressure at all timesCthat is widely fluctuating constantlyDdecreasing as engine load increases
单选题What is the controversy revealed in the passage?ASome colleges change into university, and the opposite is also true.BSome universities advertise their collegelike atmosphere, while some colleges tell potential applicants that they are just like universities.CSome colleges change into university, and some universities into institute.DSome private colleges change into universities and schools at the same time.
问答题A number of colleges and universities have announced steeptuition increases for next year--much steeper than the current, verylow, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because ofa loss in value of university endowments heavily investing in common 1．______stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price thatmaximizes its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and 2．______increasingly the outlook of universities in the United States isindistinguishable from those of business firms. The rise in tuitions 3．______may reflect the fact that economic uncertainty increases the demand for 4．______education. The biggest cost of being in the school is foregoing 5．______income from a job (this is primarily a factor in graduate andprofessional-school tuition) ; the poor one’s job prospects, the 6．______more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,in order to make oneself more marketable. The ways which universities make themselves attractive to 7．______students include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, givingstudents a governance role, and eliminate required courses. 8．______Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students ascustomers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten 9．______the rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost tothem of the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumnidonations, so the best athletes now often bypass higher education in order toobtain salaries earlier from professional teams. And until they were stoppedby the antitrust authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limitcompetition for the best students, by agreeing not to award scholarshipson the basis of merit rather than purely of need--just like businessfirms agreeing not to give discounts on their best customer. 10．______
单选题When the current flow through a copper wire increases, its （）Aresistance will decreaseBinsulation will bumCtemperature will increaseDconductivity will increase
单选题Loran-C uses the multiple pulse system because（）.ALess signal energy is necessary for receiver operationBMore signal energy is available at the receiverCIt significantly increases the peak powerDIt increases the signal capacity
问答题Passage 5 This summer sees a significant change to the process of applying to university. It is called “the adjustment period”. Despite the rather anodyne name, this is intended as a big step towards a system in which students apply to universities after they have received the results of their A-levels or equivalent qualifications. This aim, eventually, is to replace the current system of applications based on predicted grades. Three years ago the government said it wanted to introduce “a full post-qualifications application system by 2012”. This is seen as fairer since official figures show that 55% of predicted grades are inaccurate. Moreover, according to the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS), predicted grades are more likely to be inaccurate for students from the lowest socio-economic groups. There is also evidence that many bright students from poorer homes are put off applying to top universities like Oxford and Cambridge because they think their grades will not be good enough. By the time they receive their better-than-expected results it is too late. So, that is why this year there is a significant change. The “adjustment period” will apply to university applicants who, in August, find they have done better than expected in their exams. If their grades are better than required for the university offers they are holding, they will now get a further opportunity to apply elsewhere to see if they can, in effect, “upgrade”. They will have five days after the results come out to achieve this upgrade. This change means, in theory, an intense period of “speed dating” between top universities and those students who have exceeded exam expectations. So far, so good. But here is the rub. Expectations have been raised. A student who, for example, gets three A grades may decide that they could have been more ambitious than the offer they already hold and, buoyed by their success, may then seek a place at a more prestigious university. They will get on the phone to a top university, explain their improved grades, and will, quite reasonably, expect to be considered for a place. But the reality is that there will rarely be any places left. And this is the flaw in the system. Popular universities are heavily oversubscribed. They do not keep back spare places for last-minute applicants. Nor have they been required to do so for this new “adjustment period”. As one senior person at UCAS acknowledged recently, the chance of places remaining available on the most popular courses is “quite remote”. Senior vice-chancellors agree with that assessment. Indeed, this time round there is even less prospect than in previous years of there being any places spare on popular courses. That is because universities have been busy making offers since the end of last year, but at the start of this year, the government suddenly announced that the planned expansion of places is to be cut back. There will now be 5, 000 fewer university places than were envisaged just a few months ago. Since universities face financial penalties if they over-recruit, some will now be wishing to reduce the number of offers they had been planning to make. They will not be able to retract offers already made, but they will certainly not be offering additional places for the “adjustment period” in August. The result is that students are being hoodwinked. The “adjustment period” looks like a small oasis for those who have done better than expected in their exams. They will expect a reward for their achievement. But they will find it is a mirage. So why has this been allowed to happen? The truth is that, despite the government’s enthusiasm for a post-qualifications application system, the universities are reluctant to change the status quo. It would mean changes to the school examinations timetable or to university term dates, or a combination of the two. The adjustments need not be that great, particularly as technology has speeded up the pace of exam marking. But, for now, there has not been enough political will to force through the change and caution has won the day. If, as seems likely, this year’s “adjustment period” results in hardly any applicants managing to upgrade their offers, then the whole issue must be looked at again. Either the government should set out a clear timetable towards full post qualification applications or it should admit it does not have the stomach for the change. This halfway house looks like a cruel hoax on students. 1. Who will benefit from the adjustment period and how? 2. Describe the reason why top universities now have fewer places left than previous years on popular courses. 3. What can be done to generate a better result from the adjustment period this year? What will be its future?
单选题Just as the value of a telephone network increases with each new phone _____ to the system, so does the value of a computer system increase with each program that turns out.AaddingBto have addedCto addDadded