As both a religion and a social force,Puritanism has made a widespread influence in the United States.A: afar-reachingB: a disturbingC: an annoyingD: a favorable
As both a religion and a social force,Puritanism has made a widespread influence in the United States.
A: afar-reaching
B: a disturbing
C: an annoying
D: a favorable
B: a disturbing
C: an annoying
D: a favorable
参考解析
解析：句意：作为一支宗教和社会力量，清教主义在美国有广泛的影响。widespread意为“分布广泛的，普遍的”。A. far-reaching意为“影响深远的，有广泛影响的”，与widespread意思相近；B. disturbing意为“令人烦扰的”; C . annoying意为“恼人的”;D. favorable意为“有利的，给人好印象的”。
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Text 3 In his book The Tipping Point,Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals,often called influentials,who are unusually informed,persuasive,or well-connected.The idea is intuitively compelling,but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the"two step flow of communication":Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else.Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those selected people will do most of the work for them.The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks,brands,or neighborhoods.In many such cases,a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing,promoting,or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention.Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trends In their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed.In fact,they don't seem to be required of all.The researchers'argument stems from a simple observing about social influence,with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media,not interpersonal,influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others.Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who,according to the two-step-flow theory,are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly.For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected,must then influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on;and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant,for example,the cascade of change won't propagate very far or affect many people.Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating of populations,manipulating a number of variables relating to people's ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced.Our work shows that the principal requirement for what we call"global cascades"–the widespread propagation of influence through networks–is the presence not of a few influentials but,rather,of a critical mass of easily influenced people.35.what is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?A.The eagerness to be acceptedB.The impulse to influence othersC.The readiness to be influencedD.The inclination to rely on others
The communications revolution has influenced both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time,but there have been（ ）views about its economic,political,social and cultural implications.A.competitiveB.controversialC.distractingD.irrational
Text 3 In his book The Tipping Point,Malcolm Gladwell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals,often called influentials,who are unusually informed,persuasive,or well-connected.The idea is intuitively compelling,but it doesn't explain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the"two step flow of communication":Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else.Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those selected people will do most of the work for them.The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks,brands,or neighborhoods.In many such cases,a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing,promoting,or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention.Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trends In their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed.In fact,they don't seem to be required of all.The researchers'argument stems from a simple observing about social influence,with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media,not interpersonal,influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don't interact with that many others.Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who,according to the two-step-flow theory,are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly.For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected,must then influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on;and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant,for example,the cascade of change won't propagate very far or affect many people.Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating of populations,manipulating a number of variables relating to people's ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced.Our work shows that the principal requirement for what we call"global cascades"–the widespread propagation of influence through networks–is the presence not of a few influentials but,rather,of a critical mass of easily influenced people.32.The author suggests that the"two-step-flow theory"A.serves as a solution to marketing problemsB.has helped explain certain prevalent trendsC.has won support from influentialsD.requires solid evidence for its validity
As both a religion and a social force,Puritanism has madea widespread influence in the United States.A: a far-reachingB: a disturbingC: an annoyingD: a favorable
A.stay outside the network of social influence B.have little contact with the source of influence C.are influenced and then influence others D.are infuenced by the initial influential
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