Tracking Down HIV In the summer of 1980, a patient had a strange purplish spot removedfrom below his ear. It was Kaposi’s sarcoma, a rarefm of skin cancer. This patient also had lymph node swelling exhaustion.In November 1980, a Los Angeles immunologist examined a young man who haddiseases linked to immune system malfunctions. The doct had a T-cell counttaken of the patient’s blood. T-cells are a type of white blood cell that playsa key role1 in immune responses. The patient had no helper T-cells. By the end of 1980, 55 Americans were diagnosed with infectionsrelated to immune system breakdown; four had died. A year later the death tollwas 74. Intravenous drug users had T-cell abnmalities. People who hadreceived blood transfusions showed symptoms of immune system breakdown. By July1982, 471 cases of the disease, now called Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS), had been repted; 184 people had died. In April 1984, American virologist Dr. Robert Gallo isolated thepathogen, disease producer, responsible f2 AIDS. He called it HTLV-III. InParis, Dr. Luc Montagnier identified a virus he called LAV. An internationalpanel of scientists determined that both men had found the same virus. Itbecame known as Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Blood banks began screeningf HTV in 1985, but by then about 29,000 people had been infected throughblood transfusions. Some 12,000 hemophiliacs had contracted HIV throughblood-clotting products. By 1995, 477,900 Americans had AIDS; 295,500 had died. In 1996, researchers announced drugs that reduced HIV in infectedpeople. Today scientists are testing vaccines believe that if HIV can besuppressed, then perhaps it can be eradicated3, but it is still a race againsttime. 词汇： spot n. 地点，斑点，斑块，青春痘 lymph n. 淋巴结 sarcoma n. 肿瘤，肉瘤，恶性毒瘤 exhaustion n. 衰竭，耗尽，精疲力竭 immunologist n. 免疫学家 malfunction n. 故障，失灵，疾病 count n. 计数，计算 infection n. 传染病，感染 breakdown n. 故障，衰弱，崩溃 toll n. 代价，死亡人数 intravenous drug n. 静脉注射药物 abnmalities n. (abnmality的复数形式)畸形，异常情况 blood transfusion n. 输血 symptom n. 症状 virologist n. 病毒学家 virus n. 病毒 panel n. 座谈小组，仪表板 hemophiliac n. 血友病患者 vaccine n. 疫苗 注释： 1.play a key role...扮演一个关键角色，有至关重要的作用 2.be responsible f...对……负责，是……的原因 3.can be eradicated可以被根除的 练习：3.The final paragraph leads the reader to see that scientists ____. A have no hope in ever finding a cure fHIV B have hope that a cure f HIV will befound C have run out of time to find a cure fHIV D are in a contest against each other tofind a cure f HIV
Tracking Down HIV
In the summer of 1980, a patient had a strange purplish spot removedfrom below his ear. It was Kaposi’s sarcoma, a rarefm of skin cancer. This patient also had lymph node swelling exhaustion.In November 1980, a Los Angeles immunologist examined a young man who haddiseases linked to immune system malfunctions. The doct had a T-cell counttaken of the patient’s blood. T-cells are a type of white blood cell that playsa key role1 in immune responses. The patient had no helper T-cells.
By the end of 1980, 55 Americans were diagnosed with infectionsrelated to immune system breakdown; four had died. A year later the death tollwas 74. Intravenous drug users had T-cell abnmalities. People who hadreceived blood transfusions showed symptoms of immune system breakdown. By July1982, 471 cases of the disease, now called Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS), had been repted; 184 people had died.
In April 1984, American virologist Dr. Robert Gallo isolated thepathogen, disease producer, responsible f2 AIDS. He called it HTLV-III. InParis, Dr. Luc Montagnier identified a virus he called LAV. An internationalpanel of scientists determined that both men had found the same virus. Itbecame known as Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Blood banks began screeningf HTV in 1985, but by then about 29,000 people had been infected throughblood transfusions. Some 12,000 hemophiliacs had contracted HIV throughblood-clotting products. By 1995, 477,900 Americans had AIDS; 295,500 had died.
In 1996, researchers announced drugs that reduced HIV in infectedpeople. Today scientists are testing vaccines believe that if HIV can besuppressed, then perhaps it can be eradicated3, but it is still a race againsttime.
词汇：
spot n. 地点，斑点，斑块，青春痘
lymph n. 淋巴结
sarcoma n. 肿瘤，肉瘤，恶性毒瘤
exhaustion n. 衰竭，耗尽，精疲力竭
immunologist n. 免疫学家
malfunction n. 故障，失灵，疾病
count n. 计数，计算
infection n. 传染病，感染
breakdown n. 故障，衰弱，崩溃
toll n. 代价，死亡人数
intravenous drug n. 静脉注射药物
abnmalities n. (abnmality的复数形式)畸形，异常情况
blood transfusion n. 输血
symptom n. 症状
virologist n. 病毒学家
virus n. 病毒
panel n. 座谈小组，仪表板
hemophiliac n. 血友病患者
vaccine n. 疫苗
注释：
1.play a key role...扮演一个关键角色，有至关重要的作用
2.be responsible f...对……负责，是……的原因
3.can be eradicated可以被根除的
练习：
3.The final paragraph leads the reader to see that scientists ____.
A have no hope in ever finding a cure fHIV
B have hope that a cure f HIV will befound
C have run out of time to find a cure fHIV
D are in a contest against each other tofind a cure f HIV
In the summer of 1980, a patient had a strange purplish spot removedfrom below his ear. It was Kaposi’s sarcoma, a rarefm of skin cancer. This patient also had lymph node swelling exhaustion.In November 1980, a Los Angeles immunologist examined a young man who haddiseases linked to immune system malfunctions. The doct had a T-cell counttaken of the patient’s blood. T-cells are a type of white blood cell that playsa key role1 in immune responses. The patient had no helper T-cells.
By the end of 1980, 55 Americans were diagnosed with infectionsrelated to immune system breakdown; four had died. A year later the death tollwas 74. Intravenous drug users had T-cell abnmalities. People who hadreceived blood transfusions showed symptoms of immune system breakdown. By July1982, 471 cases of the disease, now called Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS), had been repted; 184 people had died.
In April 1984, American virologist Dr. Robert Gallo isolated thepathogen, disease producer, responsible f2 AIDS. He called it HTLV-III. InParis, Dr. Luc Montagnier identified a virus he called LAV. An internationalpanel of scientists determined that both men had found the same virus. Itbecame known as Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Blood banks began screeningf HTV in 1985, but by then about 29,000 people had been infected throughblood transfusions. Some 12,000 hemophiliacs had contracted HIV throughblood-clotting products. By 1995, 477,900 Americans had AIDS; 295,500 had died.
In 1996, researchers announced drugs that reduced HIV in infectedpeople. Today scientists are testing vaccines believe that if HIV can besuppressed, then perhaps it can be eradicated3, but it is still a race againsttime.
词汇：
spot n. 地点，斑点，斑块，青春痘
lymph n. 淋巴结
sarcoma n. 肿瘤，肉瘤，恶性毒瘤
exhaustion n. 衰竭，耗尽，精疲力竭
immunologist n. 免疫学家
malfunction n. 故障，失灵，疾病
count n. 计数，计算
infection n. 传染病，感染
breakdown n. 故障，衰弱，崩溃
toll n. 代价，死亡人数
intravenous drug n. 静脉注射药物
abnmalities n. (abnmality的复数形式)畸形，异常情况
blood transfusion n. 输血
symptom n. 症状
virologist n. 病毒学家
virus n. 病毒
panel n. 座谈小组，仪表板
hemophiliac n. 血友病患者
vaccine n. 疫苗
注释：
1.play a key role...扮演一个关键角色，有至关重要的作用
2.be responsible f...对……负责，是……的原因
3.can be eradicated可以被根除的
练习：
3.The final paragraph leads the reader to see that scientists ____.
A have no hope in ever finding a cure fHIV
B have hope that a cure f HIV will befound
C have run out of time to find a cure fHIV
D are in a contest against each other tofind a cure f HIV
参考解析
解析：3.B 文章最后一段的最后一句话提到了解题线索，即现在科学家正在测试预防艾滋病的疫苗，他们相信，如果该病毒能被抑制，就可能被根治。
相关考题：
共用题干What Is Anthrax（炭疽）?There's been a lot of talk about anthrax on the news lately.Some people are worried that anthrax may be connected to terrorist attacks or that terrorists may spread the germ that _______(1)the disease.Federal officials and police are investigating this and taking________(2)to protect us.In the meantime,it's important not to panic over anthrax.The chances that you and your family________(3)at risk are very tiny.One of the ways you can feel better is to learn about anthrax.When you know what it is and________(4)you can get it,it doesn't seem quite as scary.So,what _______(5)is anthrax?Here are the facts on anthrax:Anthrax is a bacterial infection caused by a germ.Although it's most common in farm _______(6),like sheep,cows,pigs,horses,and goats,there's a very small chance that people can get it,too.Anthrax spores（抱子）(a version of the germ in a protective shell that can live in the soil for years)cause the disease.People may get anthrax if they are exposed to anthrax_______(7).But here's the important part:just being exposed to these spores doesn't mean that a person will get ________(8).For a person to get sick,he would have to breathe in thousands of these spores all the way into his________(9).Or he'd have to eat meat contaminated with anthrax orhandle_______(10)that has anthrax spores.This may sound scary,but even whena person comes______(11)contact with the spores,it's unlikely that he'll get sick._________(12)the bacteria do not get into the skin,digestive tract,or lung,thedisease won't develop.Anthrax is not spread from person to person the way the flu can spread from familymember to_________(13)member or classmate to classmate.Anthrax can almost always be successfully treated with antibiotics（抗生素）.Anthrax is very rare.Until recently,anthrax wasn't even talked about because it was so rare一and it still________(14)!Even with all of the anthrax cases you are hearing about right now,a person's chances of getting anthrax are about the______(15)as they were before you heard about anthrax on the news一very,very low._________(11) A:into B: through C:by D:onto
共用题干Can Loud Music Cause Hearing Impairment（损伤）?Have you ever gone to a concert and realized that your seats were right next to thebooming speakers?Are you guilty_________(1)turning up the volume on your portablecassette or CD player to drown out the whining（哭哭啼啼）of your little brother? Sometimes it's difficult to avoid loud music or noises,but they can be bad news because loud noises can_________(2)temporary or permanent hearing loss.Extremely loud music and noises that go on for long periods of_______(3)are common causes of deafness.If a noise is so loud that you have to shout to make yourself_______(4),there is a______(5)that the mechanism inside your ear can beinjured.Temporary hearing loss can happen after you've been_______(6)to loud noise for only 15 minutes.If you have temporary hearing loss,you won't be able to hear as________ (7) as you normally can, and you may have tinnitus（耳鸣）,which is afancy word for ringing in the ears. Your ears can feel"full",too._________（8),these things usually go away and your hearing soon returns to normal.Permanent hearing loss can happen when someone is exposed to loud noise ________(9)and over. Construction workers and people who work in factories must ________(10)ear protectors because the equipment they use can be extremely loud. But even some lawn mowers（割草机）and power tools can permanently__________ (11)a person's ability to hear high-pitched noises and can also give him permanent tinnitus. Listening to extremely loud music over and over can also have the same effect on a person's ______(12).And using headphones on a portable cassette or CD player can be dangerous________(13)if the volume is too high and the headphones are used a lot, the noise can damage the ears.The best way to avoid hearing loss is to wear ear protectors when working with machinery and earplugs when going to a_________(14).Headphones are OK to wear when you're listening to music;just be sure the volume isn't too high,and give them a rest________(15)once in a while._________(15)A: each B:every C:all D: for
共用题干第三篇 Joyce Sipes and Mary Ellen DodgeWhen Joyce Sipes was diagnosed with breast cancer in 1999,she shared the news immediately with her sister Mary Ellen Dodge.Mary Ellen was there for her-helDina her through the terror,and the fear,and the thousand questions that are inevitably a Dart of hearing the word"cancer".Fortunately,a friend at work who had had a similar diagnosis highly recommended Alonzo Walker,MD,Medical College of Wisconsin suraical oncoloaist（外科肿瘤学家） and director of the Froedtertshe cancelled her appointment to get a secondopinion elsewhere.Ultimately, Joyce's cancer required a mastectomy（乳房切除术）.Reconstructive surgery took place right away.She came to think of Dr. Walker as her partner."not just my doctor."And the Froedtert nurses,she says,were"very unusual and impressive".As it turned out,Joyce would soon have the chance to do something important for her sister Mary Ellen.During her own cancer treatment,Joyce suqqested that Mary Ellen should get herself checked through the Froedtert&Medical College of Wisconsin Breast Cancer Program.In addition to its opportunities for examination and screenina.the hospital had established a program especially for women in families at high risk for cancer. Sure enough , it turned out that Mary Ellen had some cysts（囊肿）,one of which was dangerous enough that it needed to be surgically removed.She's fine now一thanks to Joyce's suggestion.Both sisters experienced firsthand how Froedtert & Medical College of Wisconsin offers more than leading-edge technology and the unmatched experience of physicians in an academic medical center. It offers a comprehensive team approach一of consultation,collaboration,and care一all focused on the individual patient.That's why Joyce came to think of Froedtert,throughout the orocess of her treatment,as being her "security blanket".Joyce Sipes has been cancer-free five years now一an important milestone（里程碑） tor breast cancer survivors.Joyce and Mary Ellen are together once aciain in their workshop in Joyce's home , making the beautiful market baskets , bread baskets , muffin（松饼） baskets,and Nantucket baskets that they and their customers love.Which is NOT true of Froedtert & Medical College of Wisconsin?A: It does not care much about the individual patient.B:It offers more than leading-edge technology.C:Its physicians have unique experience.D:It adopts a comprehensive team approach.
共用题干A Good IdeaNo satisfactory way exists to explain how to form a good idea. You think about a problem until you're tired,forget it,maybe sleep on it,and then flash!When you aren't thinking about it,suddenly the answer arrives as a gift from the gods.Of course,all ideas don't occur like that but so many do,particularly the most important ones. They burst into the mind,glowing with the heat of creation.How they do it is a mystery,but they must come from somewhere.Let's assume they come from the"unconscious".This is reasonable,for psychologists use this term to describe mental processes,which are unknown to the individual.Creative thought depends on what was unknown becoming known.All of us have experienced this sudden arrival of a new idea,but it is easiest to examine it in the great creative personalities,many of whom experienced it in an intensified form and have written it down in their life stories and letters.One can draw examples from genius in any field,from religion,philosophy,and literature to art and music,even in mathematics,science,and technical invention,although these are often thought to depend only on logic and experiment.All truly creative activities depend in some degree on these signals from the unconscious,and the more highly insightful the person,the sharper and more dramatic the signals become.Psychologists use the term "unconscious" to describe the mental processes.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
共用题干Personality and Career1.When you select your career,there's a whole lot more to it than assessing your skills and matching them with a particular position.If you ignore your personality,it will hurt you long-term regardless of your skills or the job's pay.There are several areas of your personality that you need to consider to help you find a good job.2. There are isolating（使孤立）jobs that will drive an outgoing person crazy and also interactive jobs that will make a shy person uneasy.Most people are not extremes in either direction but do have a tendency that they prefer. There are also positions that are sometimes a combination of the two, which may be best for someone in the middle who adapts easily to either situation.3.Most jobs these days have some elements of change to them,but some are more than others. If you need stability in your life,you may need a job where the changes don't happen so often.Other people would be bored of the same daily routine.4.There are people who are happy to spend more than 40 hours a week on a computer,while there are others who need a lot of human interaction throughout the day.Again,these are extremes and you'll likely find a lot of positions somewhere in the middle as well.5.Some people prefer a smaller setting where you'll get to know almost all the people there fairly quickly to being in a large building with a lot of people you won't know immediately.6.Anyway,these are a great starting point for you.I've seen it over and over again with people that they make more money over time when they do something they love.It may take you a little longer,but making a move to do what you have a passion for can change the course of your life for the better.If you are a shy person,interactive jobs will__________.A:find a job with many elements of changeB:try different areas and fieldsC:consider your skills and personalityD:prefer a smaller settingE:feel uneasy with a job involving too much time on computers F: make you uncomfortable