名词解释题Respiration climacteric
名词解释题
Respiration climacteric
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When observe , you use a part of your body as the tool. () A. temperatureB. pulseC. blood pressureD. respiration
The signs in doing observations include . () A. temperatureB. blood pressureC. pulseD. respiration
After sending a message describing the symptoms of an ill crew member，you receive a message containing the code MRL. This means ______.A.Apply ice-cold compress and renew every 4 hoursB.Commence artificial respiration immediatelyC.Give enemaD.Pass catheter into bladder
After a person has been revived by artificial respiration，he should be ______.A.walked around until he is back to normalB.given several shots of whiskeyC.kept lying down and warmD.allowed to do as he wishes
Changing rescuers while carrying out artificial respiration should be done ______．A.without losing the rhythm of respirationB.only with the help of two other peopleC.by not stopping the respiration for more than 5 minutesD.at ten-minute intervals
In reviving a person who has been overcome by gas fumes，what would you AVOID doing?_________.A.Giving stimulantsB.Prompt removal of the patient from the suffocating atmosphereC.Applying artificial respiration and massageD.Keeping the patient warm and comfortable
共用题干The Drink Your Body Needs MostI Our bodies are estimated to be about 60% to 70% water. Blood is mostly water,andour muscles,lungs,and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate bodytemperature and to provide the means for nutrients（滋养物）to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells,removes waste,and protects our joints andorgans.2 We lose water through urination（排尿）,respiration（呼吸）,and by sweating. If youare very active,you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise.Symptoms ofmild dehydration（脱水）include chronic pains in joints and muscles, lower back pain, headaches, and constipation（便秘）.A strong smell to your urine, along with a yellowcolor indicates that you are not getting enough water. Thirst is an obvious sign ofdehydration and in fact,you need water long before you feel thirsty.3 A good rule of thumb（好的做法）is to take your bod犷weight in pounds and divide thatnumber in half. That gives you the number of ounces（盎司）of water per day that youneed.For example,if you weigh 160 pounds,you should drink at least 80 ounces of waterper day.If you exercise you should drink another 8-ounce glass of water for every 20minutes you are active.If you drink coffee or alcohol,you should add at least an equalamount of water. When you are traveling on an airplane,it is good to have 8 ounces ofwater for every hour you are on board the plane.4 It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day.Be sure you have water handy atall times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are working,traveling,orexercising.If you get bored with plain water,add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor.Thereare some brands of flavored water available,but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you don't need. The amount of water your body needs per day is closely related________.A:in your bodyB:without waterC:before longD:for a changeE:on a busy dayF:to your weight
共用题干The Drink Your Body Needs MostI Our bodies are estimated to be about 60% to 70% water. Blood is mostly water,andour muscles,lungs,and brain all contain a lot of water. Water is needed to regulate bodytemperature and to provide the means for nutrients（滋养物）to travel to all our organs. Water also transports oxygen to our cells,removes waste,and protects our joints andorgans.2 We lose water through urination（排尿）,respiration（呼吸）,and by sweating. If youare very active,you lose more water than if you do not take much exercise.Symptoms ofmild dehydration（脱水）include chronic pains in joints and muscles, lower back pain, headaches, and constipation（便秘）.A strong smell to your urine, along with a yellowcolor indicates that you are not getting enough water. Thirst is an obvious sign ofdehydration and in fact,you need water long before you feel thirsty.3 A good rule of thumb（好的做法）is to take your bod犷weight in pounds and divide thatnumber in half. That gives you the number of ounces（盎司）of water per day that youneed.For example,if you weigh 160 pounds,you should drink at least 80 ounces of waterper day.If you exercise you should drink another 8-ounce glass of water for every 20minutes you are active.If you drink coffee or alcohol,you should add at least an equalamount of water. When you are traveling on an airplane,it is good to have 8 ounces ofwater for every hour you are on board the plane.4 It may be difficult to drink enough water on a busy day.Be sure you have water handy atall times by keeping a bottle for water with you when you are working,traveling,orexercising.If you get bored with plain water,add a bit of lemon for a touch of flavor.Thereare some brands of flavored water available,but some of them have sugar or artificial sweeteners that you don't need. Dehydration may occur if there is a shortage of water_________.A:in your bodyB:without waterC:before longD:for a changeE:on a busy dayF:to your weight
共用题干Keeping Cut Flowers（鲜切花）1. While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around his/her house,few people know how to keep them for as long as possible .This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts.2. An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature.For example,studies have shown that cut carnations（康乃馨）retain their freshness eight times lon-ger when kept at 12℃than when kept at 26℃．Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right tem-peratures is probably the most important aspect of flower care.3. Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long.Their biological purpose is simply to at-tract birds or insects,such as bees,for pollination（授粉）.After that,they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）, called respiration（呼吸）,generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and color. The making of seeds also depends on this energy.While all living things respire,flowers have a high level of respiration.A result of all this respiration is heat,and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high.Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration,the sooner the flower dies.4. How,then,to control the rate at which flowers die?By controlling respiration.How is respi-ration controlled?By controlling temperature .We know that respiration produces heat,but the re-verse（相反的过程）is also true. Thus by maintaining low temperatures , respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly.5. Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to“drink”water that is dirty or otherwise polluted.Even when water looks and smells clean,it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach（漂白剂）can be used in small quantities.It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach(at 4%solution)be add-ed to each litre of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day. A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers________.A: by keeping its original shape and colorB: in the life of cut flowersC: to produce carbon dioxideD: for as long as possibleE: by controlling temperatureF: to replace the water and solution every day
共用题干Keeping Cut Flowers（鲜切花）1. While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around his/her house,few people know how to keep them for as long as possible .This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts.2. An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature.For example,studies have shown that cut carnations（康乃馨）retain their freshness eight times lon-ger when kept at 12℃than when kept at 26℃．Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right tem-peratures is probably the most important aspect of flower care.3. Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long.Their biological purpose is simply to at-tract birds or insects,such as bees,for pollination（授粉）.After that,they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）, called respiration（呼吸）,generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and color. The making of seeds also depends on this energy.While all living things respire,flowers have a high level of respiration.A result of all this respiration is heat,and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high.Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration,the sooner the flower dies.4. How,then,to control the rate at which flowers die?By controlling respiration.How is respi-ration controlled?By controlling temperature .We know that respiration produces heat,but the re-verse（相反的过程）is also true. Thus by maintaining low temperatures , respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly.5. Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to“drink”water that is dirty or otherwise polluted.Even when water looks and smells clean,it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach（漂白剂）can be used in small quantities.It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach(at 4%solution)be add-ed to each litre of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day. Paragraph 2________A: Control of RespirationB: Beauty of Fresh Cut FlowersC: Role of RespirationD: Most Important Aspect of Flower CareE: Need for CleanwaterF:.Ways of Stopping Respiration
共用题干The fact that blind people can see things using other parts of their bodies apart from their eyes may help us to understand our feelings about color._________(46)_________(47)These discoveries have grown into a whole discipline of color psychology that now finds application in everything from fashion to interior decoration. Some of our preferences are clearly psychological.________(48)For primitive man,activity during the day meant hunting and attacking,which he soon saw as red,the color of blood and rage and the heat that came with passive defense and self-preservation._________(49)People exposed to bright red show an increase in respiration rate,heartbeat, and blood pressure;red is exciting._________(50)Because of its exciting connotations,red was chosen as the signal for danger,but closer analysis shows that a vivid yellow can produce a more basic state of alertness and alarm,so fire engines and ambulances in some advanced communities are now rushing around in bright yellow colors that stop the traffic dead.__________（49）A:Dark blue is the color of the night sky and therefore associated with passivity and calm, while yellow is a day color with associations of energy and incentive.B:Similar exposure to pure blue has exactly the opposite;it is a calming color.C:Color psychology is concerned with the effects of color on mood,emotion,behavior.D:Manufacturers have discovered by trial and error that sugar sells badly in green wrappings, that blue foods are considered unpalatable,and that cosmetics should never be packaged in brown.E:If they can sense color differences then perhaps we,too,are affected by color unconsciously.F:Experiments have shown that colors partly because of their physiological associations,also have a direct psychological effect.
单选题Sign(s) of respiratory arrest requiring artificial respiration is(are)（）.AvomitingBblue color and lack of breathingCirregular breathingDunconsciousness
单选题When administering artificial respiration, it is of the utmost important to （）Ause the mouth-to-mouth methodBclear airwaysCuse rhythmic pressure methodDknow all approved methods
单选题After a person has been revived by artificial respiration，he should be（）.Awalked around until he is back to normalBgiven several shots of whiskeyCkept lying down and warmDallowed to do as he wishes
单选题Before you begin administering artificial respiration, you should be sure the victim（）Ais comfortableBis warmCis not bleedingDhas a clear airway
单选题The necessity for administering artificial respiration may be recognized by the victims （）.AvomitingBblue color and lack of breathingCirregular breathingDunconscious condition
问答题Exercice 14La médecine traditionnelle chinoise Depuis des millénaires, la médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) s'intéresse à la personne dans sa globalité (corps, esprit, énergie, environnement). Selon elle, la maladie résulte d'une dérégulation interne ou des attaques extérieures. Elle s'appuie sur les massages, la diététique, la gymnastique, la méditation et une pharmacopée riche de milliers de plantes. «Maitrise de l'énergie vitale », le qi gong est une gymnastique douce. Intégré à la médicine chinoise, il repose sur la respiration, la concentration et des gestes lents en vue d'harmoniser le corps et l'esprit. Les étirements et les relâchements musculaires assouplissent et renforcent le corps ; la respiration permet de retrouver le calme. Même si la science ne peut expliquer ses mécanismes, le corps médical reconnait volontiers la sensation de bien-être qu'il procure chez les patients, à l'hôpital de la Piété-Salpêtriére, on a constaté que le qi gong réduit le nombre de chutes dans la maladie de Parkinson, et aide ceux qui souffrent d'obésité à se détendre et se réaproprier leur corps. (...) Et certains hôpitaux français font appel à ces pratiques pour lutter contre la douleur ou l'anxiété.
单选题D’après l’auteur, laquelle de ces quatre affirmations est vraie?APendant les 4 premières phases, le tracé de l’électro-encéphalograrurue est très différent de celui des ondes d’éveil.BParfois on rêve toute la nuit, parfois on ne rêve pas du tout.CPendant le sommeil paradoxal, la respiration et le rythme cardiaque sont très ralentis.DOn appelle phase 5 le somrueil paradoxal parce que le tracé de l’électro-encéphalo- gramme est le même que celui des ondes d’éveil.
单选题After sending a message describing the symptoms of an ill crew member，you receive a message containing the code MRL. This means（）.AApply ice-cold compress and renew every 4 hoursBCommence artificial respiration immediatelyCGive enemaDPass catheter into bladder
单选题Passage 2Several research teams have found that newborns prefer their mothers' voices over those of other people. Now a team of scientists has gone an intriguing step further: they have found that newborns cry in their native language.We have provided evidence that language begins with the very first cry melodies,says Kathleen Wermke of the University of Wirzburg, Germany, who led the research.The dramatic finding of this study is that not only are newborns capable of producing different cry melodies, but they prefer to produce those melody patterns that are typical for the ambient language they have heard during their fetal life, within the last trimester,said Wermke.Contraryto orthodox interpretations, these data support the importance of human infants' crying for seeding language development.It had been thought that babies' cries are constrained by their breathing patterns and respiratory apparatus, in which case a crying baby would sound like a crying baby no matter what the culture is, since babies are anatomically identical.The prevailing opinion used to be that newborns could not actively influence their production of sound,says Wermke. This study refutes that claim: since babies cry in different languages, they must have some control(presumably unconscious) over what they sound like rather than being constrained by the acoustical properties of their lungs, throat, mouth, and larynx. If respiration alone dictated what a cry sounded like, all babies would cry with a falling-pitch pattern, since that's what happens as you run out of breath and air pressure on the throat's sound-making machinery decreases. French babies apparently didn't get that memo.German and French infants produce different types of cries, even though they share the same physiology,the scientists point out.The French newborns produce ' nonphysiological' rising patterns,showing that the sound of their cries is under their control.Although phonemes-speech sounds such as kiorsh-don't cross the abdominal barrier and reach the fetus, so-called prosodic characteristics of speech do. These are the variations in pitch, rhythm, and intensity that characterize each language. Just as newborns remember and prefer actualsongs that they heard in utero, it seems, so they remember and prefer both the sound of Mom's voice and the melodic signature of her language.The idea of the study wasn't to make the sound of a screaming baby more interesting to listeners-good luck with that-but to explore how babies acquire speech. That acquisition, it is now clear, begins months before birth, probably in the third trimester. Newborns not only have memorized the main intonation patterns of their respective surrounding language but are also able to reproduce these patterns in their own [ sound] production,conclude the scientists. Newborns'cries are already tuned toward their native language, giving them a head start on sounding French or German (or, presumably, English or American or Chinese or anything else: the scientists are collecting cries from more languages). This is likely part of the explanation for how babies develop spoken language quickly and seemingly without effort. Sure, we may come into the world wired for language(thank you, Noam Chomsky), but we also benefit from the environmental exposure that tells us which language.Until this study, scientists thought that babies became capable of vocal imitation no earlier than12 weeks of age. That's when infants listening to an adult speaker producing vowels can parrot the sound. But that's the beginning of true speech. It's sort of amazing that it took this long for scientists to realize that if they want to see what sounds babies can perceive, remember, and play back, they should look at the sound babies produce best. So let the little angel cry: she's practicing to acquire language.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word ambientin Paragraph 2?ASurrounding.BFamiliar.CForeign.DLocal.
单选题In reviving a person who has been overcome by gas fumes，what would you AVOID doing?（）.AGiving stimulantsBPrompt removal of the patient from the suffocating atmosphereCApplying artificial respiration and massageDKeeping the patient warm and comfortable
单选题Changing rescuers while carrying out artificial respiration should be done（）.Awithout losing the rhythm of respirationBonly with the help of two other peopleCby not stopping the respiration for more than 5 minutesDat ten-minute intervals
名词解释题厌氧呼吸（anaerobic respiration）