AWeather has a great influence(影响) on people.It influences people's health, intelligence (智力) and feelings.In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States.People there have heart disease and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times.People in these places may have heart disease after the weather changes in February or March.The weather can also influence intelligence. For example, in a 1982 study by scientists, the in scores of a group of students were very high during a storm, but after the storm their IQ scores were lower than usual level. So storms can increase intelligence.However, very hot weather can lower it. Students in the United States often do badly on exams in the hot months of the year.Weather also has a strong influence on people's feelings.Winter may be a bad time for thin people.They usually feel cold during these months and they may feel unhappy during cold weather. In hot summer weather, on the other hand, fat people may feel unhappy. The sum- mer heat may make them tired and they are easy to get angry.( )21.lf thin people feel unhappy, the weather may be very _________.A.warmB. coldC. coolD. hot

A

Weather has a great influence(影响) on people.It influences people's health, intelligence (智力) and feelings.

In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States.People there have heart disease and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times.People in these places may have heart disease after the weather changes in February or March.

The weather can also influence intelligence. For example, in a 1982 study by scientists, the in scores of a group of students were very high during a storm, but after the storm their IQ scores were lower than usual level. So storms can increase intelligence.However, very hot weather can lower it. Students in the United States often do badly on exams in the hot months of the year.

Weather also has a strong influence on people's feelings.Winter may be a bad time for thin people.They usually feel cold during these months and they may feel unhappy during cold weather. In hot summer weather, on the other hand, fat people may feel unhappy. The sum- mer heat may make them tired and they are easy to get angry.

( )21.lf thin people feel unhappy, the weather may be very _________.

A.warm

B. cold

C. cool

D. hot


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AUsually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. But there is one question that has millions of current answers. That question is “What’s your name?” Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct.Have you ever wondered about people’s names? Where do they come from? What do they mean?People’s first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents choose the name of a well-known person. A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.Some people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”.The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook(小溪);someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.Other early surnames came from people’s occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are: Carter — a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter —a person who made pots and pans.The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village. The Carpenter’s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John was very tall could call himself John Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.Some family names were made by adding something to the father’s name. English-speaking people added –s or –son. The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family’s ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O’Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.56. Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover? A. Places where people lived.B. People’s characters.C. Talents that people possessed.D. People’s occupations.

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