单选题As much is known about what occurs during sleep, the precise function of sleep and its different stages remains largely in the realm of assumption.ABecause BSince CFor DWhile
单选题
As much is known about what occurs during sleep, the precise function of sleep and its different stages remains largely in the realm of assumption.
A
Because
B
Since
C
For
D
While
参考解析
解析：
尽管对有关睡眠过程中会发生的情况知之不少，但对睡眠及其不同阶段的确切作用在很大程度上仍在猜想。该题考查句子之间的逻辑关系。从该句前后两个分句中的much is known(知之甚多)和remains in the realm of assumption(属猜想)看，这两个表达形成明显对比，构成转折关系。因此[D]while符合题意，为正确答案。
尽管对有关睡眠过程中会发生的情况知之不少，但对睡眠及其不同阶段的确切作用在很大程度上仍在猜想。该题考查句子之间的逻辑关系。从该句前后两个分句中的much is known(知之甚多)和remains in the realm of assumption(属猜想)看，这两个表达形成明显对比，构成转折关系。因此[D]while符合题意，为正确答案。
相关考题：
By referring to the limbic system, the author intends to show ________.[A] its function in our dreams[B] the mechanism of REM sleep[C] the relation of dreams to emotions[D] its difference from the prefrontal cortex
听材料，回答下列问题： Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Shift work is concentrated in the most dangerous areas of employment. It has various effects on health and daily life. Shift workers, especially those who work nights, can 26 a number of health problems. They include sleep 27 , depression, high blood pressure, heart disease, and 28 Experts now realize that sleep loss are dangerous and that night shift always results in sleep loss. Most people need 8 hours of sleep a day to feel 29 . Parts of the night sleep are spent in light sleep stages and the other parts of the night are spent in deep sleep stages. If you work the night shift and sleep during the day, there are many things that can 30 your deep sleep and awaken you during your light sleep phase. Noise is the biggest problem. Daytime sleepers have to 31 noisy neighbors, children, traffic, lawn mowers and such. Noise is the most common 32 of people who sleep during the day, so noise prevention should be given top priority. When looking for a home to rent or buy, always look for one in a quiet 33 Another sleep 34 is too much light. Our bodys entire cycle is based upon light and dark. If you are doing the opposite of this set body program, you are 35 generations of programming. Since sunlight will disturb your day you should choose a house where the bedroom is on the north side of the house. Wear a black eye mask to further block out the light while you are sleeping. 第26题应填____
Passage OneAnimals have different ways of protecting themselves against wintertime weather. Some animals grow heavy coats of fur or feathers, while others dig into the ground to find a warm wintertime home.Some animals spend the winter in a deep sleep because by going to sleep they avoid the time of the year when food is scarce and the temperatures are low. Their sleep is known as hibernation.There is much about hibernation that puzzles scientists. For example, they are wondering how hibernation came into being. Some scientists have explored the possibility that animals release a chemical that starts them hibernating.One thing that scientists are certain about is that animals hibernate only when it is cold. Hibernation is a seasonal practice.Some animals that fall into a wintertime sleep are not true hibernators because they spend only a part of the cold season asleep. Bears, for example, can easily be awakened from their winter nap. They are not true hibernators.Sometimes it is difficult to determine whether a particular animal is a true hibernator. For example, some mice hibernate, but others do not. The same is true of bats. Some of them hibernate. Others do not.36. Hibernation is a seasonal practice. This means it ______.A. takes place only during a particular seasonB. occurs only during the nightC. is a daily practiceD. only happens when a species becomes over-populated
Suppose we built a robot(机器人)to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors(探测器)to keep it away from danger. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should we program the robot to be equally active at all times? No. The robot would be using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any. So we would probably program it to stop its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning.According to the evolutionary(进化的)theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reason. The theory does not deny(否认)that sleep provides some important restorative functions(恢复功能). It merely says that evolution has programmed us to perform. those functions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might walk into;it does not protect us form. trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in a familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.The evolutionary theory explains the differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cats, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. But cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spend almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival(生存)depends on their ability to run away from attackers.1. The author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to tell us _____.A. the differences between robots and menB. the reason why men need to sleepC. about the need for robots to save powerD. about the danger of men working at night2. Evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him _____.A. keep up a regular pattern of lifeB. prevent trouble that comes looking for himC. avoid danger and inefficient labourD. restore his bodily functions3. According to the author, we cannot sleep well when we _____.A. are worrying about our safetyB. are overworkedC. are in a tentD. are away from home4. Cats sleep much more than horses do partly because cats _____.A. need more time for restorationB. are unlikely to be attackersC. are more alive than horses when they are awakeD. spend less time eating to get enough energy5. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? _____A. Evolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking.B. The study of sleep is an important part of the evolutionary theory.C. Sleeping patterns must be taken into consideration in the designing of robots.D. The sleeping pattern of a living creature is determined by the food it eats.
Reading ComprehensionDirections:There are two passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statemerits. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. You should decide on the best choice.Questions 56-60 are based on Passage One:Passage OneA recent study indicates that the “short sleepers”had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 0r so, the men voluntarily began cutting clown their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.In general, these“short sleepers”appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful,conformist in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often heldseveral jobs at once, or work full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them hada strong urge to appear “normal”or “acceptable” to their friends and associates , When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers”did poorly. More than this,they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble woula go away.The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers” were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic.The“long sleepers”were quite different indeed. According to the study, these young men had lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the “short sleepers”。Many of the“long sleepers” were shy, anxious, introverted, inhibited, passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly state that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.According to the study, ( ).A. many short sleepers need less sleep by natureB. many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their workC. long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the dayD. many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood
共用题干第二篇Not all sleep is the same every night.We experience some deep,quiet sleep and some active sleep,which is when dreams happen.You might think sleepwalking would happen during active sleep,but a person isn't physically active during active sleep.Sleepwalking usually happens in the first few hours of sleep in the stage called slow-wave or deep sleep.Not all sleepwalkers actually walk.Some simply sit up or stand in bed or act like they're awake when in fact,they're asleep! Most,however,do get up and move around for a few seconds or for as long as haff an hour.Sleepwalkers' eyes are open,but they don't see the same way they do when they're awake and often think they're in different rooms of the house or different places altogether. Sleepwalkers tend to go back to bed on their own and they won't remember it in the morning.Researchers estimate that about 15% of kids sleepwalk regularly. Sleepwalking may run in families（在家族中世代相传）and sometimes occurs when a person is sick, has a fever, is not getting enough sleep,or is stressed（紧张）.If sleepwalking occurs frequently,every night or so,it's a good idea for your mom or dad to take you to see your doctor. But occasional sleepwalking generally isn't something to worry about,although it may look funny or even scary（骇人的）for the people who see a sleepwalker in action.Although occasional sleepwalking isn't a big deal,it's important,of course,that the person is kept safe. Precautions（预防措施）should be taken so the person is less likely to fall down, run into something,or walk out the front door while sleepwalking.Sleepwalkers usually go back to bed__________.A:after waking upB:after being woken upC:with the help of othersD:by themselves
共用题干第二篇Not all sleep is the same every night.We experience some deep,quiet sleep and some active sleep,which is when dreams happen.You might think sleepwalking would happen during active sleep,but a person isn't physically active during active sleep.Sleepwalking usually happens in the first few hours of sleep in the stage called slow-wave or deep sleep.Not all sleepwalkers actually walk.Some simply sit up or stand in bed or act like they're awake when in fact,they're asleep! Most,however,do get up and move around for a few seconds or for as long as haff an hour.Sleepwalkers' eyes are open,but they don't see the same way they do when they're awake and often think they're in different rooms of the house or different places altogether. Sleepwalkers tend to go back to bed on their own and they won't remember it in the morning.Researchers estimate that about 15% of kids sleepwalk regularly. Sleepwalking may run in families（在家族中世代相传）and sometimes occurs when a person is sick, has a fever, is not getting enough sleep,or is stressed（紧张）.If sleepwalking occurs frequently,every night or so,it's a good idea for your mom or dad to take you to see your doctor. But occasional sleepwalking generally isn't something to worry about,although it may look funny or even scary（骇人的）for the people who see a sleepwalker in action.Although occasional sleepwalking isn't a big deal,it's important,of course,that the person is kept safe. Precautions（预防措施）should be taken so the person is less likely to fall down, run into something,or walk out the front door while sleepwalking.When does sleepwalking usually occur?A:During active sleep.B:During deep sleep.C:In the daytime.D:In the early morning.
共用题干第二篇Not all sleep is the same every night.We experience some deep,quiet sleep and some active sleep,which is when dreams happen.You might think sleepwalking would happen during active sleep,but a person isn't physically active during active sleep.Sleepwalking usually happens in the first few hours of sleep in the stage called slow-wave or deep sleep.Not all sleepwalkers actually walk.Some simply sit up or stand in bed or act like they're awake when in fact,they're asleep! Most,however,do get up and move around for a few seconds or for as long as haff an hour.Sleepwalkers' eyes are open,but they don't see the same way they do when they're awake and often think they're in different rooms of the house or different places altogether. Sleepwalkers tend to go back to bed on their own and they won't remember it in the morning.Researchers estimate that about 15% of kids sleepwalk regularly. Sleepwalking may run in families（在家族中世代相传）and sometimes occurs when a person is sick, has a fever, is not getting enough sleep,or is stressed（紧张）.If sleepwalking occurs frequently,every night or so,it's a good idea for your mom or dad to take you to see your doctor. But occasional sleepwalking generally isn't something to worry about,although it may look funny or even scary（骇人的）for the people who see a sleepwalker in action.Although occasional sleepwalking isn't a big deal,it's important,of course,that the person is kept safe. Precautions（预防措施）should be taken so the person is less likely to fall down, run into something,or walk out the front door while sleepwalking.Measures should be taken to__________.A:keep sleepwalkers safeB:prevent people from sleepwalkingC:avoid running into sleepwalkersD:help people sleep well
共用题干第二篇Not all sleep is the same every night.We experience some deep,quiet sleep and some active sleep,which is when dreams happen.You might think sleepwalking would happen during active sleep,but a person isn't physically active during active sleep.Sleepwalking usually happens in the first few hours of sleep in the stage called slow-wave or deep sleep.Not all sleepwalkers actually walk.Some simply sit up or stand in bed or act like they're awake when in fact,they're asleep! Most,however,do get up and move around for a few seconds or for as long as haff an hour.Sleepwalkers' eyes are open,but they don't see the same way they do when they're awake and often think they're in different rooms of the house or different places altogether. Sleepwalkers tend to go back to bed on their own and they won't remember it in the morning.Researchers estimate that about 15% of kids sleepwalk regularly. Sleepwalking may run in families（在家族中世代相传）and sometimes occurs when a person is sick, has a fever, is not getting enough sleep,or is stressed（紧张）.If sleepwalking occurs frequently,every night or so,it's a good idea for your mom or dad to take you to see your doctor. But occasional sleepwalking generally isn't something to worry about,although it may look funny or even scary（骇人的）for the people who see a sleepwalker in action.Although occasional sleepwalking isn't a big deal,it's important,of course,that the person is kept safe. Precautions（预防措施）should be taken so the person is less likely to fall down, run into something,or walk out the front door while sleepwalking.You'd better go and see a doctor if you_________.A:see a sleepwalker in actionB:never sleepwalkC:sleepwalk frequentlyD:sleepwalk occasionally
共用题干第二篇Not all sleep is the same every night.We experience some deep,quiet sleep and some active sleep,which is when dreams happen.You might think sleepwalking would happen during active sleep,but a person isn't physically active during active sleep.Sleepwalking usually happens in the first few hours of sleep in the stage called slow-wave or deep sleep.Not all sleepwalkers actually walk.Some simply sit up or stand in bed or act like they're awake when in fact,they're asleep! Most,however,do get up and move around for a few seconds or for as long as haff an hour.Sleepwalkers' eyes are open,but they don't see the same way they do when they're awake and often think they're in different rooms of the house or different places altogether. Sleepwalkers tend to go back to bed on their own and they won't remember it in the morning.Researchers estimate that about 15% of kids sleepwalk regularly. Sleepwalking may run in families（在家族中世代相传）and sometimes occurs when a person is sick, has a fever, is not getting enough sleep,or is stressed（紧张）.If sleepwalking occurs frequently,every night or so,it's a good idea for your mom or dad to take you to see your doctor. But occasional sleepwalking generally isn't something to worry about,although it may look funny or even scary（骇人的）for the people who see a sleepwalker in action.Although occasional sleepwalking isn't a big deal,it's important,of course,that the person is kept safe. Precautions（预防措施）should be taken so the person is less likely to fall down, run into something,or walk out the front door while sleepwalking.What most sleepwalkers do is to_________.A:simply sit upB:simply stand in bedC:get up and walk for some timeD:get up and walk for hours
共用题干SleepSleep is part of a person's daily activity cycle .There are several different stages of sleep,and they too occur in cycles.______(46)When you first drift off into slumber,your eyes will roll about a bit,your temperature will drop slightly,your muscles will relax,and your breathing will slow and become quite regular. Your brain waves slow down a bit too,with the alpha rhythm of rather fast waves predominating for the first few minutes.______(47)For the next half hour or so,as you relax more and more,you will drift down through stage 2 and stage 3 sleep.______(48)Then about 40 to 60 minutes after you lose consciousness you will have reached the deepest sleep of all.Your brain waves will show the large slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm. This is stage 4 sleep.You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night long,but instead about 80 minutes after you fall into slumber,your brain activity level will increase again slightly. ______(49)Your eyes will begin to dart around under your closed eyelids as if you were loo-king at something occurring in front of you.______(50)It is during REM sleep period,your body will soon relax again,your breathing will grow slow and regular once more,and you will slip gently back from stage 1 to stage 4 sleep-only to rise once again to the surface of near consciousness some 80 minutes later.______(48)A: The delta rhythm will disappear,to be replaced by the activity pattern of brain waves.B: If you are an average sleeper,your sleep cycle is as follows.C: In stage 4 sleep people tend to dream.D: The lower your stage of sleep,the slower your brain waves will be.E: This period of rapid eye movement lasts for some 8 to 15 minutes and is called REM sleep.F: This is called stage 1 sleep.
Text 4 When you go to bed,is it because you're tured or because you need to get up at a certain time and want to make sure you get enough sleep?Everyone has a chronotype,which is the sleep cycle that their body would naturally prefer,if left to its own devices.But society forces its own chronotype on people,too.Maybe your prefer to sleep from 2 a.m.t0 10 a.m.But if you have a typical 9-to-5 workday,to get eight hours,you'd probably need to sleep from something like 11 p.m.t0 7 a,m.Individuals'sleep is surely shaped by their jobs,their families,and their habits.But a new study shows that society can shape sleep broadly,on a population level,as well.In the paper,published in Science Advances,Olivia Walch,Amy Cochran,and Daniel Forger of the University of Michigan look at data gathered from a smartphone app to see how sleep cycles vary in different countries and among different demographics.What country people lived in didn't have any noticeable effect on when they woke up,but it was linked to what time they went to bed.And what time they went to bed was linked to how much sleep they got.So in the countries that got less sleep on average,like Japan and Brazil,it was because they were going to bed later,not because they were waking up earlier than people in countries that got more sleep on average,like the Netherlands and Belgium,where people have earlier bedtimes.But it's notable in pointing out bedtime as a problem area.A lot of the research and discussion about the tension between sleep and society has focused on the morning-how the 9-to-5 workday isn't suitable for everyone's internal clocks,how starting the school day later can help teens,who have notoriously late chronotypes,how exposing yourself to light in the moming can help keep your intemal clock wound in a way that promotes good sleep.Bedtime,meanwhile,seems like it should be more of a choice.You wake up to go somewhere,or to start fulfilling responsibilities,and you go to bed when you decide to,based on a complex calculus of how tired you are,how much sleep you want to get,and whether the chapter you were just reading in your book ended on a cliffhanger.But when people are deciding to go to bed differs significantly across societies,it seems there's something cultural at play here,too.The factors affecting people's sleep time do not include____A.the social environment they live inB.their individual habitC.the assignment they would do with friendsD.the dramatic books they are immersed in
Text 4 When you go to bed,is it because you're tured or because you need to get up at a certain time and want to make sure you get enough sleep?Everyone has a chronotype,which is the sleep cycle that their body would naturally prefer,if left to its own devices.But society forces its own chronotype on people,too.Maybe your prefer to sleep from 2 a.m.t0 10 a.m.But if you have a typical 9-to-5 workday,to get eight hours,you'd probably need to sleep from something like 11 p.m.t0 7 a,m.Individuals'sleep is surely shaped by their jobs,their families,and their habits.But a new study shows that society can shape sleep broadly,on a population level,as well.In the paper,published in Science Advances,Olivia Walch,Amy Cochran,and Daniel Forger of the University of Michigan look at data gathered from a smartphone app to see how sleep cycles vary in different countries and among different demographics.What country people lived in didn't have any noticeable effect on when they woke up,but it was linked to what time they went to bed.And what time they went to bed was linked to how much sleep they got.So in the countries that got less sleep on average,like Japan and Brazil,it was because they were going to bed later,not because they were waking up earlier than people in countries that got more sleep on average,like the Netherlands and Belgium,where people have earlier bedtimes.But it's notable in pointing out bedtime as a problem area.A lot of the research and discussion about the tension between sleep and society has focused on the morning-how the 9-to-5 workday isn't suitable for everyone's internal clocks,how starting the school day later can help teens,who have notoriously late chronotypes,how exposing yourself to light in the moming can help keep your intemal clock wound in a way that promotes good sleep.Bedtime,meanwhile,seems like it should be more of a choice.You wake up to go somewhere,or to start fulfilling responsibilities,and you go to bed when you decide to,based on a complex calculus of how tired you are,how much sleep you want to get,and whether the chapter you were just reading in your book ended on a cliffhanger.But when people are deciding to go to bed differs significantly across societies,it seems there's something cultural at play here,too.From the discussion about moming,we can infer that____A.9-to-5 workday is not welcomed by most peopleB.most teenagers wake up too late to schoolC.what is the best time to get up is still uncertainD.school children are notorious for going to bed too late
Text 4 When you go to bed,is it because you're tured or because you need to get up at a certain time and want to make sure you get enough sleep?Everyone has a chronotype,which is the sleep cycle that their body would naturally prefer,if left to its own devices.But society forces its own chronotype on people,too.Maybe your prefer to sleep from 2 a.m.t0 10 a.m.But if you have a typical 9-to-5 workday,to get eight hours,you'd probably need to sleep from something like 11 p.m.t0 7 a,m.Individuals'sleep is surely shaped by their jobs,their families,and their habits.But a new study shows that society can shape sleep broadly,on a population level,as well.In the paper,published in Science Advances,Olivia Walch,Amy Cochran,and Daniel Forger of the University of Michigan look at data gathered from a smartphone app to see how sleep cycles vary in different countries and among different demographics.What country people lived in didn't have any noticeable effect on when they woke up,but it was linked to what time they went to bed.And what time they went to bed was linked to how much sleep they got.So in the countries that got less sleep on average,like Japan and Brazil,it was because they were going to bed later,not because they were waking up earlier than people in countries that got more sleep on average,like the Netherlands and Belgium,where people have earlier bedtimes.But it's notable in pointing out bedtime as a problem area.A lot of the research and discussion about the tension between sleep and society has focused on the morning-how the 9-to-5 workday isn't suitable for everyone's internal clocks,how starting the school day later can help teens,who have notoriously late chronotypes,how exposing yourself to light in the moming can help keep your intemal clock wound in a way that promotes good sleep.Bedtime,meanwhile,seems like it should be more of a choice.You wake up to go somewhere,or to start fulfilling responsibilities,and you go to bed when you decide to,based on a complex calculus of how tired you are,how much sleep you want to get,and whether the chapter you were just reading in your book ended on a cliffhanger.But when people are deciding to go to bed differs significantly across societies,it seems there's something cultural at play here,too.The word"chronotype"（Para.2）is closest in meaning to_____A.the sleep cycle that body would naturally preferB.the time people would like to wake upC.the bedtime people choose for themselvesD.how long people sleep everyday
Text 4 When you go to bed,is it because you're tured or because you need to get up at a certain time and want to make sure you get enough sleep?Everyone has a chronotype,which is the sleep cycle that their body would naturally prefer,if left to its own devices.But society forces its own chronotype on people,too.Maybe your prefer to sleep from 2 a.m.t0 10 a.m.But if you have a typical 9-to-5 workday,to get eight hours,you'd probably need to sleep from something like 11 p.m.t0 7 a,m.Individuals'sleep is surely shaped by their jobs,their families,and their habits.But a new study shows that society can shape sleep broadly,on a population level,as well.In the paper,published in Science Advances,Olivia Walch,Amy Cochran,and Daniel Forger of the University of Michigan look at data gathered from a smartphone app to see how sleep cycles vary in different countries and among different demographics.What country people lived in didn't have any noticeable effect on when they woke up,but it was linked to what time they went to bed.And what time they went to bed was linked to how much sleep they got.So in the countries that got less sleep on average,like Japan and Brazil,it was because they were going to bed later,not because they were waking up earlier than people in countries that got more sleep on average,like the Netherlands and Belgium,where people have earlier bedtimes.But it's notable in pointing out bedtime as a problem area.A lot of the research and discussion about the tension between sleep and society has focused on the morning-how the 9-to-5 workday isn't suitable for everyone's internal clocks,how starting the school day later can help teens,who have notoriously late chronotypes,how exposing yourself to light in the moming can help keep your intemal clock wound in a way that promotes good sleep.Bedtime,meanwhile,seems like it should be more of a choice.You wake up to go somewhere,or to start fulfilling responsibilities,and you go to bed when you decide to,based on a complex calculus of how tired you are,how much sleep you want to get,and whether the chapter you were just reading in your book ended on a cliffhanger.But when people are deciding to go to bed differs significantly across societies,it seems there's something cultural at play here,too.In the following part immediately after this text,the author will most probably focus on____A.what sleep patterns people have in different countriesB.the impact of culture on people's sleepC.whether it is influential to read books before sleepD.how many choices people have on bedtime
You would imagine that sleeping was a quiet and peaceful experience but in reality，our brains are more active during some stages of sleep than when we are______。A.wakeB.awakeC.wakenD.awaken
共用题干On SleepBaekeland and Hartmann report that the"short sleepers"had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens.But at about age 15 or so,the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school,work,and other activities.These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.In general,these"short sleepers" appeared ambitious,active,energetic,cheerful,conformist（不动摇）in their opinions,and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once,or workers full or part-time while going to school.And many of them had a strong urge to appear"normal"or"acceptable"to their friends and associates.When asked to recall their dreams,the"short sleepers"did poorly.More than this,they seemed to prefer not remembering.In similar fashion,their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed,and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.The sleep patterns of the"short sleepers"were similar to,but less extreme than,sleep patterris shown by many mental patients categorized as manic（疯人）.The"long sleepers"were quite different indeed.Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.They seemed to enjoy their sleep,protected it,and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest.They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the"short sleepers."Many of the " long sleepers " were shy , anxious , introverted（内向）,inhibited（压抑）, passive,mildly depressed,and unsure of themselves(particularly in social situations).Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems. According to the report,______.A: many short sleepers need less sleep by natureB: many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their workC: long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the dayD: many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood
共用题干On SleepBaekeland and Hartmann report that the"short sleepers"had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens.But at about age 15 or so,the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school,work,and other activities.These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.In general,these"short sleepers" appeared ambitious,active,energetic,cheerful,conformist（不动摇）in their opinions,and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once,or workers full or part-time while going to school.And many of them had a strong urge to appear"normal"or"acceptable"to their friends and associates.When asked to recall their dreams,the"short sleepers"did poorly.More than this,they seemed to prefer not remembering.In similar fashion,their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed,and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.The sleep patterns of the"short sleepers"were similar to,but less extreme than,sleep patterris shown by many mental patients categorized as manic（疯人）.The"long sleepers"were quite different indeed.Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.They seemed to enjoy their sleep,protected it,and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest.They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the"short sleepers."Many of the " long sleepers " were shy , anxious , introverted（内向）,inhibited（压抑）, passive,mildly depressed,and unsure of themselves(particularly in social situations).Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems. Many"short sleepers"are likely to hold the view that______.A: sleep is a withdrawal from the realityB: sleep interferes with their sound judgementC: sleep is the least expensive item on their routine programD: sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles
共用题干第一篇On SleepBaekeland and Hartmann report that the"short sleepers"had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens.But at about age 15 or so,the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school,work,and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.In general,these"short sleeps"appeared ambitious,active,energetic,cheerful,conformist（不动摇）in their opinions,and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once,or worked full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear"normal"or" acceptable"to their friends and associates.When asked to recall their dreams,the "short sleepers" did poorly.More than this,they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion,their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed,and then to keep busy in the hope that the troublewould go away.The sleep patterns of the"short sleepers"were similar to,but less extreme than,sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic（疯人）.The"long sleepers"were quite different indeed.Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.They seemed to enjoy their sleep,protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the"short sleepers."Many of the "long sleepers" were shy, anxious , introverted（内向）,inhibited（压抑）,passive, mildly depressed,and unsure of themselves(particularly in social situations).Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems. Many"short sleepers"are likely to hold the view that________.A:sleep is a withdrawal from the realityB:sleep interferes with their sound judgmentC:sleep is the least expensive item on their routine programD:sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles
Power Napping is Good f the I.Q. Today we hear me me about the imptance of getting enoughsleep—about eight hours a night. Sleep can help heal give energy toboth the body the brain. ____1____ It seems almost certain that the thirdof our lives that we spend asleep has a great effect on the two-thirds that weare awake. Sleep affects our emotions, memy, focus, behavi. Studies show that people in developed countries spend less timeasleep me time at wk commuting. Dr. Karine Spiegel, at theUniversity of Chicago, has found that the average length of sleep has gone downfrom nine hours a night in 1910 to seven--a-half hours a night today.However, our bodies cannot function well without enough sleep. ____2____Accding to Canadian scientist Dr. Stanley Cen, every hour of lost sleep at nightcauses us to lose one I.Q. point the next day. F example, when someone getsonly five six hours of sleep each night f a week, the person’s I.Q. couldgo down 15 points me. ____3____ Most sleep experts say that humans need at least eight hours ofsleep every day, but it should be in two stages: a long sleep at night ashter nap in the afternoon. Some companies help their employees follow thisadvice. ____4____ They say this makes the wkers much me efficient. To study sleep deprivation (not getting enough sleep), scientistsuse a test called the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT). During the test, aperson stays in a darkened, quiet room during the daytime. Scientists believethat a sleep-deprived person will fall asleep quickly. If it takes ten minutes longer to fall asleep, the person is probably getting enough sleep. Scientists have also found that the time of year seems to affect howmuch sleep we need. ____5____ However, in the summer, people sometimes sleep aslittle as six hours, without having any problems. 词汇： emotion n. 情绪 commuting n. 乘公交车上下班，通勤 I.Q. n. 智商(全称为intelligent quotient) deprivation n. 剥夺，匮乏 Sleep Latency Test n. 睡眠潜伏期 注释： 1.have/has an effect on... 对……有效果的 2.go down from... to...从………降至…… 练习：A.They allow them to “power nap” in the afternoon, if only f 20 minutes.B.Losing just one two hours of sleep a night, over a long period oftime, can cause serious health problems.C.People usually sleep longer in the winter, sometimes as much as 14hours a night.D.People in power are me intelligent because they take naps.E.Medical experts now believe that sleep is even me imptant fhealth than diet exercise.F.That’s why, without enough sleep, a nmally intelligent person may startto have difficulty doing daily tasks.
根据以下材料，回答Baekeland and Hartmann report that the"short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needsuntil the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the menvoluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressuresfrom school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightlyperiods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.In general, these "shortsleepers" appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist in theiropinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held severaljobs at once, or worked full-or part-time while going to school. And many ofthem had a strong urge to appear "normal" or "acceptable"to their friends and associates.When asked to recall their dreams, the"short sleepers" did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefernot remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing withpsychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keepbusy in the hope that the trouble would go away.The sleep patterns of the "shortsleepers" were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown bymany mental patients categorized as manic.The "long sleepers" were quite different indeed. Baekeland andHartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned whenthey were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest.They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the "short sleepers."Many of the "long sleepers" were shy,anxious, introverted, inhibited, passive, mildly depressed, and unsure ofthemselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly state that sleepwas an escape from their daily problems. According to the report,___________.A.many short sleepers need less sleep bynatureB.many short sleepers are obliged toreduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their workC.long sleepers sleep a longer period oftime during the dayD.many long sleepers preserve theirsleeping habit formed during their childhood
根据以下材料，回答Baekeland and Hartmann report that the"short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needsuntil the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the menvoluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressuresfrom school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightlyperiods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.In general, these "shortsleepers" appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist in theiropinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held severaljobs at once, or worked full-or part-time while going to school. And many ofthem had a strong urge to appear "normal" or "acceptable"to their friends and associates.When asked to recall their dreams, the"short sleepers" did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefernot remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing withpsychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keepbusy in the hope that the trouble would go away.The sleep patterns of the "shortsleepers" were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown bymany mental patients categorized as manic.The "long sleepers" were quite different indeed. Baekeland andHartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned whenthey were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest.They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the "short sleepers."Many of the "long sleepers" were shy,anxious, introverted, inhibited, passive, mildly depressed, and unsure ofthemselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly state that sleepwas an escape from their daily problems. Many "short sleepers" arelikely to hold the view that ___________.A.sleep is a withdrawal from the realityB.sleep interferes with their soundjudgmentC.sleep is the least expensive item ontheir routine programD.sleep is the best way to deal withpsychological troubles
单选题According to one resident, they are short of sleep because ______.Athey are too tired to fall asleepBthey are forbidden to sleep at workCthey are kept by treating their patientsDthey are too worried about oversleeping
单选题Sleep is a funny thing because ______.Athe longer one sleeps, the less sound sleep he getsBthe more sleep one gets, the more likely a stroke occursCmany people stick to about eight hours of sleep to stay fineDmany people who sleep six hours a night still feel energetic in the day
单选题The passage mainly talks about ______.Ataking a nap during the dayBthe disadvantages of taking a napCAmericans who don’t have a nap during the weekendsDthe advantages of deep sleep
单选题As much is known about what occurs during sleep, the precise function of sleep and its different stages remains largely in the realm of assumption.ABecause BSince CFor DWhile
单选题Passage 1People often complained about not gettinga good night's sleep, but sleep patterns differ from person to person. Most adults require six to eight hours of sleep to function well, while others survive on only a few hours. Still, most people today think of sleep as one continuous period of downtime. This is not the way people used to sleep. According to researchers in earlier times, people divided sleep by first sleep a few hours, waking up, then going back to sleep.Before the 18th century, people had no gas or electricity in their homes. Fire, candles, or oil lamps were the common forms of lighting. This lack of artificial lighting in homes contributed to people's sleep patterns. It made sense for people to go to bed early. If you live in this time period, you might be a hard-working farmer, and you would come home, eat and quickly fall into bed exhausted. You would probably go to sleep at 9:00 or 10:00 P.M. In this first period of sleep-called first sleep-you would typically sleep until midnight or shortly afterwards.Halfway through the night during a period some call the watch, or watching period. When you came out of first sleep, you would stay in bed and relax quietly. You might talk with a bedfellow, meditate on the day's events or the meaning of a dream, or just let your mind wander. If you enjoyed writing or drawing, you might get out of bed to write a poem or story or draw a picture.Then you would start to feel sleepy, so would return to bed and fall asleep again for your second sleep. This period would continue until early morning when daylight arrived. Again, with no artificial lighting in homes, people naturally woke up early to take advantage of sunlight.Today, human may consider divided sleep a strange habit, but sleep researchers say that it is actually a more natural sleep pattern. Dr. Thomas Wehr of the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health has studied human sleep. He thinks that modern sleep problems occur because the orderly, natural way of sleep is breaking through the more recent continuous sleep pattern. Wehr and other scientists believe that artificial lighting has altered the way people sleep. In a research study, he asked 15 adults to rest and sleep in darkness for 14 hours(from 6:00 P.M. to 8:00 A.M.). At first, the subjects took a few hours to get to sleep, and then slept 11 hours a night. Then overtime, they switched to divided sleep. They fell asleep for about 3 or 5 hours in the evening, stay awake for an hour of two and the slept again for four hours till early morning.Unlike the people in the study, we modern humans generally do not practice divided sleep. However, many of us have the experience of waking up in the middle of the night. We usually consider this a sleeping problem, but perhaps we should look at it as natural behavior. Divided sleep may be the way we should all be sleeping.A first sleep followed by a relation period and a second period of sleep could help all of us to beat the stress of our fast-paced lives.In paragraph 5, what does the research study suggest about divided sleep?ADivided sleep is a strange way to sleep.BDivided sleep is a natural sleep pattern for human.CDivided sleep occurs when people sleep with artificial lights.DDivided sleep means sleeping 11 hours in one period.
单选题Passage 1People often complained about not gettinga good night's sleep, but sleep patterns differ from person to person. Most adults require six to eight hours of sleep to function well, while others survive on only a few hours. Still, most people today think of sleep as one continuous period of downtime. This is not the way people used to sleep. According to researchers in earlier times, people divided sleep by first sleep a few hours, waking up, then going back to sleep.Before the 18th century, people had no gas or electricity in their homes. Fire, candles, or oil lamps were the common forms of lighting. This lack of artificial lighting in homes contributed to people's sleep patterns. It made sense for people to go to bed early. If you live in this time period, you might be a hard-working farmer, and you would come home, eat and quickly fall into bed exhausted. You would probably go to sleep at 9:00 or 10:00 P.M. In this first period of sleep-called first sleep-you would typically sleep until midnight or shortly afterwards.Halfway through the night during a period some call the watch, or watching period. When you came out of first sleep, you would stay in bed and relax quietly. You might talk with a bedfellow, meditate on the day's events or the meaning of a dream, or just let your mind wander. If you enjoyed writing or drawing, you might get out of bed to write a poem or story or draw a picture.Then you would start to feel sleepy, so would return to bed and fall asleep again for your second sleep. This period would continue until early morning when daylight arrived. Again, with no artificial lighting in homes, people naturally woke up early to take advantage of sunlight.Today, human may consider divided sleep a strange habit, but sleep researchers say that it is actually a more natural sleep pattern. Dr. Thomas Wehr of the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health has studied human sleep. He thinks that modern sleep problems occur because the orderly, natural way of sleep is breaking through the more recent continuous sleep pattern. Wehr and other scientists believe that artificial lighting has altered the way people sleep. In a research study, he asked 15 adults to rest and sleep in darkness for 14 hours(from 6:00 P.M. to 8:00 A.M.). At first, the subjects took a few hours to get to sleep, and then slept 11 hours a night. Then overtime, they switched to divided sleep. They fell asleep for about 3 or 5 hours in the evening, stay awake for an hour of two and the slept again for four hours till early morning.Unlike the people in the study, we modern humans generally do not practice divided sleep. However, many of us have the experience of waking up in the middle of the night. We usually consider this a sleeping problem, but perhaps we should look at it as natural behavior. Divided sleep may be the way we should all be sleeping.A first sleep followed by a relation period and a second period of sleep could help all of us to beat the stress of our fast-paced lives.What is the main idea of the text?APeople in the past did not sleep as well as people today.BPeople in the past divided their sleep into two parts.CPeople in the past woke up easily because of hard working.DPeople in the past fell asleep easily because of hard work.