What are smart windows, according to Paragraph 4 ?A．Windows that are coated.B．Windows that are glazed.C．Windows the color of which can be changed.D．Windows that have many layers.
What are smart windows, according to Paragraph 4 ?
A．Windows that are coated.
B．Windows that are glazed.
C．Windows the color of which can be changed.
D．Windows that have many layers.
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Crashed Cars to Text Message for HelpThere is no good place to have a car crash -- but some places are worse than others. In a foreign country, for instance,【51】 to explain via cellphone that you are upside down in a ditch (沟渠) when you cannot speak the local language can fatally (~) delay the arrival of the emergency services.But an answer may be at hand. Researchers funded by the European Commission are beginning tests of a system called E-merge that【52】senses when a ear has crashed and sends a text message, telling emergency services in the local language that the accident has taken place.The system was【53】 by ERTICO, a transport research organization based in Brussels. Belgium. Cars are fitted with a eellphone-sized device attached【54】 the underside of the dashboard (仪表板) which is activated by the same sensor that triggers the airbag in a crash. The device【55】 a cellphone circuit, a GPS positioning unit and a microphone and loudspeaker.It registers the severity of the crash by【56】 the deceleration data from the airbag's sensor. Using GPS information, it works out which country the Car is in, and from this it determines【57】 which language to compose an alert message detailing precise location of the accident.The device then automatically makes a call to the local emergency services【58】. If the car's occupants are conscious, they can communicate with the operator【59】 the speaker and microphone.E-merge also transmits the vehicles make, model, color and license number, and its heading' when it crashed, which in rum indicates on which side of a multi-lane highway it ended up.This【60】 the emergency services find the vehicle as soon as they arrive on the scene. "We can waste a large【61】time searching for an incident, "says Jim Hammond, a(an)【62】in vehicle technology at the Association of Chief Police Officers in the UK. Tests will begin soon with police car fleets in the UK. Trials have already started in Germany, Sweden, Spain, the Netherlands and Italy.In-car systems that summon (召集) the emergency services after a crash have【63】been fitted in some premium cars". ERTICO says that【64】EU states "are willing to fund the necessary infrastructure (基础结构), E--merge could be working by 2008.A study by French car maker Renault" concluded that the system could save up to 6000 of the 40,000 lives lost each year on Europe's roads, and prevent a similar number of serious injuries.The Renault study estimates that fitting E-merge to every car in Europe would eventually save around 150 billion per【65】in terms of reduced costs to health services and insurance companies, and fewer lost working days.(51)A．tryB．triedC．tryingD．having tried
Of the 32 categories, eight were produced only by the Irish dolphins.A．RightB．WrongC．Not mentioned
To make electrochromic windows change color, what is applied to the window glass?A．Electricity.B．Tungsten oxide.C．A battery.D．A voltage.
What will be the benefit if the research on smart windows turns out to be successful, according to the last paragraph?A．The buildings will look different.B．Windows can be as large as you want.C．We may not need air conditioners any more.D．They are less expensive than traditional windows.
Defending the Theory of Evolution Still Seems NeededJudith S. Weis, a biology professor who serves as president of the American Institute of Biological Sciences (AIBS) is leading a nationwide effort to "defend" the theory of evolution. Weis leads the effort in the face of what the institute views as opposition and indifference from school boards and government entities.The Institute believes that the teaching of evolution in America is being diminished by the teaching of creationism as well as by an overall lack of teaching Darwin's theory in high school. "There's nothing that requires schools to teach evolution. Sometimes teachers in high schools just leave it out. However from the point of view of biologists, evolution is the central theory of biology upon which everything is based," said Weis. "Unfortunately, teaching evolution has become a political issue in many parts of the country and AIBS, as a representative of biologists, wanted to be a major force speaking out in favor of its teaching. "Weis said the institute is working together with the American Geological Institute and the National Association of Biology Teachers and its 80-plus member organizations to address" the political and legislative threats to teaching evolution. In states challenging its teaching, the institute responds by sending letters to school boards and state legislatures, by providing testimony at public meetings and by notifying members and affiliated organizations. AIBS, with more than 80 member societies and 250,000 members, has established an email system enabling scientists and teachers in each state, and member societies, to keep each other informed about threats to the teaching of evolution.Darwin's theory of evolution holds that living things change and adapt to their environment and that present-day species ( including human beings) are descended from earlier species through modification by natural selection. The theory has been accepted by scientists for nearly 100 years, Weis said, and has been refined, extended and strengthened over the years by findings in paleontology and developmental biology. Discoveries in genetics, molecular biology and genomics—all of which provide significant benefits for human health—would not be possible without the underlying knowledge of evolution. And, Weis adds, "modem molecular biology and genomics have increased our understanding of how evolution works." Nonetheless, evolution remains a politically, if not scientifically, controversial issue.Weis said that this year alone, seven states have had either local or statewide efforts to water down the teaching of evolution, or "balance" it with the teaching of creationism—a religious belief that different species were created separately by a higher power, such as God. "Rarely does anyone now use the word ' creationism, ' because that's too obvious," Weis said. "The current terminology is ' intelligent design. ' "According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements about the theory or evolution is true?A．Government entities support AIBS's effort to defend the theory of evolution.B．School boards oppose AIBS's effort to defend the theory of evolution.C．AIBS and school boards advocate the teaching of the theory of evolution.D．The theory of evolution and that of creationism co-exist peacefully in schools.