共用题干Wide World of RobotsEngineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker（修补）with ma- chines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices."They're the best toys out there," says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs, builds or programs robots.When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved一cars,trains,animals.He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move.Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars,Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college.But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset’。labmates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes.Some robots can move only forward, hackward, left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）."Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,"Choset concluded.After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward.The robot、also moved in ways that snakes usually don't,such as rolling. Choset’s snake robots could crawl（爬行）through the grass,swini in a pond and even climb a flagpole.But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well.For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient's chest,cutting through the breastbone.Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful.What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School,to investigate theidea.Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and they tested the robot in pigs. A company caikd Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology for g urgerie9 on people-Even after 15 years of working with his team’s creations,"I still don't get bored of watching the motionof my robots,"Clioset says.Choset began to build robots in high school.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
共用题干
Wide World of Robots
Engineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker（修补）with ma-
chines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices."They're the best toys out there,"
says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs,
builds or programs robots.
When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved一cars,trains,animals.He put motors
on Tinkertoy cars to make them move.Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars,
Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college.But when he got to
graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset’。labmates were working on
something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes.Some robots can move only forward,
hackward, left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different
types of terrain（地形）."Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,"Choset concluded.
After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own
snake robots.Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as
sliding and inching forward.The robot、also moved in ways that snakes usually don't,such as rolling.
Choset’s snake robots could crawl（爬行）through the grass,swini in a pond and even climb a flagpole.
But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well.For some heart surgeries,the
doctor has to open a patient's chest,cutting through the breastbone.Recovering from these surgeries can be
very painful.What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and
sending in a thin robotic snake?
Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School,to investigate the
idea.Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and they tested the robot in pigs.
A company caikd Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology for g urgerie9 on people-
Even after 15 years of working with his team’s creations,"I still don't get bored of watching the motion
of my robots,"Clioset says.
Wide World of Robots
Engineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker（修补）with ma-
chines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices."They're the best toys out there,"
says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs,
builds or programs robots.
When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved一cars,trains,animals.He put motors
on Tinkertoy cars to make them move.Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars,
Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college.But when he got to
graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset’。labmates were working on
something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes.Some robots can move only forward,
hackward, left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different
types of terrain（地形）."Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,"Choset concluded.
After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own
snake robots.Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as
sliding and inching forward.The robot、also moved in ways that snakes usually don't,such as rolling.
Choset’s snake robots could crawl（爬行）through the grass,swini in a pond and even climb a flagpole.
But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well.For some heart surgeries,the
doctor has to open a patient's chest,cutting through the breastbone.Recovering from these surgeries can be
very painful.What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and
sending in a thin robotic snake?
Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School,to investigate the
idea.Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and they tested the robot in pigs.
A company caikd Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology for g urgerie9 on people-
Even after 15 years of working with his team’s creations,"I still don't get bored of watching the motion
of my robots,"Clioset says.
Choset began to build robots in high school.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
参考解析
解析：根据第二段尤其是第二段最后一句话“Later, in high school, he built mobile robots simi- lar to small ears.”可知题干表述正确。
根据第三段倒数第二、倒数第三句话“Some robots can move only forward, backward, left and right.But snakes can twist in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain." 以及第四段第二、三句话“Choset' s team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward.The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't, such as rolling.”可知题干表述错误。
根据第四段第一句话“After he started working at Carnegie Mellon, Choset and his col-leagues there began developing their own snake robots.”和该段最后一句中的“Choset' s snake”可 推知题干表述正确。
文中没有提到Choset的机器蛇比别人做的能做更多的动作，只是说他的机器蛇比真蛇 能做的动作还多。故选C。
提到将机器蛇运用于心脏病治疗的价值的是文章的第五段，但文中只是说这可以减少 心脏病人做胸腔切开手术的痛苦，并没提到这可以节约时间。故选C。
倒数第三段提到Zenati将机器蛇应用于塑料胸腔模型，他和Choset在猪的身上作了测 试。倒数第二段说Medrobotics公司将这项技术应用到了心脏病人身上。题干表述与文章不 一致，因为Zenati并没在人身上测试该技术。故选B
提到Medrobotic、公司的只有倒数第二段，但该段只是说这个公司将机器蛇技术应用到 了外科手术上，并没提到该公司因此获得了很大的收益。故选C。第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
根据第三段倒数第二、倒数第三句话“Some robots can move only forward, backward, left and right.But snakes can twist in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain." 以及第四段第二、三句话“Choset' s team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward.The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't, such as rolling.”可知题干表述错误。
根据第四段第一句话“After he started working at Carnegie Mellon, Choset and his col-leagues there began developing their own snake robots.”和该段最后一句中的“Choset' s snake”可 推知题干表述正确。
文中没有提到Choset的机器蛇比别人做的能做更多的动作，只是说他的机器蛇比真蛇 能做的动作还多。故选C。
提到将机器蛇运用于心脏病治疗的价值的是文章的第五段，但文中只是说这可以减少 心脏病人做胸腔切开手术的痛苦，并没提到这可以节约时间。故选C。
倒数第三段提到Zenati将机器蛇应用于塑料胸腔模型，他和Choset在猪的身上作了测 试。倒数第二段说Medrobotics公司将这项技术应用到了心脏病人身上。题干表述与文章不 一致，因为Zenati并没在人身上测试该技术。故选B
提到Medrobotic、公司的只有倒数第二段，但该段只是说这个公司将机器蛇技术应用到 了外科手术上，并没提到该公司因此获得了很大的收益。故选C。第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
相关考题：
This is not the world we know. This world is controlled by computers. Men and women can be seen, but they are following the orders given to them by machines. The machines were designed by mad scientists, but at some point even the mad scientists were taken over by their super-inventions.Does this sound familiar? You have probably read something like it in magazines or books, or seen it in a film. Why is it so popular? One of the reasons is that it reflects the fears of many people; fear of the unknown fear of what is not understood or, at least, fear of something that is not completely understood.The fact is that every day it seems that computers take control of another area of our lives. Somefactory jobs are now done by robots and the robots are controlled by computers. Our bank accounts are managed by computers. At the airport, our tickets are sold by a computer. Certainly, many of these operations are made moreefficient by computers, but our admiration is sometimes mixed with unsafe feelings. And this lack of safety is caused by the fact that we do not know how computers do these things, and we really don't know what they might do next. But we can find out how computers work, and once we understand them, we can use computers instead of worrying about being used by them. Today, there is a new generation of computer wizards who know exactly how computers get things done. These young men and women, usually university students, are happy to sit for hours, sometimes for days, designing programs, not eating, not sleeping, but discovering what can be done by these wonderful slaves which they have learned to control. These computer wizards have learned to use the computer and search for new tasks for their machines.(1)、According to the passage, our present world is under the control of ______ .A：mad scientistsB：men and womenC：the unknown fearD：some super-inventions(2)、The reason why many people are afraid of computers is that ______ .A：they don't know anything about computersB：they haven't really understood computersC：there are so many computer gamesD：computers are often down(3)、The author mentions computer wizards in order to point out that ______ .A：computers can be controlled by manB：there should be more people devoted to computersC：only young people are interested in computersD：more time and energy is required to control computers(4)、This passage is probably written to suggest that ______ .A：some day computers can deal with all human problemsB：computers can be used in place of traveling to our jobsC：people should not fear computersD：computer technology will not meet people's needs in various situations(5)、The author's attitude towards widely used computers is __.A：positiveB：anxiousC：worriedD：serious
Inside the computer, the operation system(of another software module called a data communication(71))must decide which program will get control next. Each program remember, is associated(72). a particular front -end port. If a program's data have not yet reached its front - end buffer, there is no point giving that program control. Thus the data communication monitor sends its own(73)signal to the front -end devices next port is polled. Note that the(74)computer speed. The computer never has to wait for a terminal or a communication line. Instead, it is the expressive front - end processor that waits for the slower system(75)to respond.A．memoryB．controlC．monitorD．charge
共用题干I'll Be BachComposer David Cope is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classical music.It took Cope 30 years to develop the software.Now most people can't tell the difference between music by the famous German composer J.S.Bach(1685-1750)and the Bach-like compositions from Cope's computer.It all started in 1980 in the United States,when Cope was trying to write an opera.______(46)At first this music was not easy to listen to.What did Cope do?He began to rethink how human beings compose music.He realized that composers'brains work like big databases.First,they take in all the music that they have ever heard.______(47)Finally,they make new music from what is left.According to Cope,only the great composers are able to create the database accurately,remember it,and form new musical patterns from it.Cope built a huge database of existing music.He began with hundreds of works by Bach.The software analyzed the data:it broke it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns.It then combined the pieces into new patterns._______(48)They weren't good,but it was a start.Cope knew he had more work to do-he had a whole opera to write.He continued to improve the software.Soon it could analyze more complex music.He also added many other composers,including his own work,to the database.A few years later,Cope's computer program,called"Emmy",was ready to help him with his opera.______(49)Cope listened to the computer's musical ideas and used the ones that he liked.With Emmy,the opera took only two weeks to finish.It was called Cradle Falling,and it was a great success! ______(50) Since that first opera,Emmy has written thousands of compositions,Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn't like of her music,but she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days!______(48)A:By developing a computer software,David Cope aimed to write an opera.B:Cope received some of the best reviews of his career,but no one knew exactly how he had composed the work.C:He was having trouble thinking of new melodies,so he wrote a computer program to create the melodies.D:The process required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy.E:Before long,the program could compose short Bach-like works.F:Then they take out the music that they dislike.
共用题干Wide World of RobotsEngineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker（修补）with ma- chines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices."They're the best toys out there," says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs, builds or programs robots.When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved-cars,trains,animals.He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move.Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars.Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college.But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset's labmates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes.Some robots can move only forward, backward , left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）."Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,"Choset concluded.After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.Choset'5 team programnied robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward.The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't,such as rolling.Choset's snake robots could crawl（爬行）through the grass ,swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient' s chest ,cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School ,to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and they tested the robot in pigs.A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology for surgeries on people.Even after 15 years of working with his team's creations,"I still don't get bored of watching the motionof my robots,"Choset says. Choset didn't begin developing his own snake robots until he started working at Carnegie Mellon.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
共用题干Wide World of RobotsEngineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker（修补）with ma- chines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices."They're the best toys out there," says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs, builds or programs robots.When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved-cars,trains,animals.He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move.Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars.Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college.But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset's labmates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes.Some robots can move only forward, backward , left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）."Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,"Choset concluded.After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.Choset'5 team programnied robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward.The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't,such as rolling.Choset's snake robots could crawl（爬行）through the grass ,swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient' s chest ,cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School ,to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and they tested the robot in pigs.A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology for surgeries on people.Even after 15 years of working with his team's creations,"I still don't get bored of watching the motionof my robots,"Choset says. Snake robots could move in only four directions.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
共用题干Wide World of RobotsEngineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker（修补）with ma- chines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices."They're the best toys out there," says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs, builds or programs robots.When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved-cars,trains,animals.He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move.Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars.Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college.But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset's labmates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes.Some robots can move only forward, backward , left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）."Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,"Choset concluded.After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.Choset'5 team programnied robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward.The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't,such as rolling.Choset's snake robots could crawl（爬行）through the grass ,swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient' s chest ,cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School ,to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and they tested the robot in pigs.A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology for surgeries on people.Even after 15 years of working with his team's creations,"I still don't get bored of watching the motionof my robots,"Choset says. Choset began to build robots in high school.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
共用题干Wide World of RobotsEngineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker（修补）with ma- chines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices."They're the best toys out there," says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs, builds or programs robots.When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved-cars,trains,animals.He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move.Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars.Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college.But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset's labmates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes.Some robots can move only forward, backward , left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）."Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,"Choset concluded.After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.Choset'5 team programnied robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward.The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't,such as rolling.Choset's snake robots could crawl（爬行）through the grass ,swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient' s chest ,cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School ,to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and they tested the robot in pigs.A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology for surgeries on people.Even after 15 years of working with his team's creations,"I still don't get bored of watching the motionof my robots,"Choset says.Zenati tested the robot on people after using it in pigs.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
共用题干Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart AttackGerman researchers have___1___a new generation of defibrillators and earlywarning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection___2___sudden death from cardiac arrest.In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases___3___by disruption to the heart's rhythm. Those most at risk are pa- tients who have___4___suffered a heart attack,and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing___ 5___ disruptions to heart rhythms and correcting them automat-ically by intervening within seconds. These devices___6___ a range of functions,such as that of pacemaker.Heart specialists at Freiburg's University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator ___7___of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram(ECG)within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of___8___blood-flow problems and a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders the evaluation of ECG data___9___.The overwhelming___10___of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs.“Many of the current programs only ___11___ into account a linear correlation of the data. We are,however,making use___12___ a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,”Hagen Knaf says,“___ 13___ changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and indi- vidual variations in patients taken into account.”An old study of ECG data,based___14___ 600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack,enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show___15___the new software evaluates the data considerably better.3._________A: are causedB: causedC: are to causeD: have been causing
共用题干Robots May Allow Surgery in SpaceSmall robots designed by University of Nebraska researchers may allow doctors on Earth to help perlorm surgery on patients in space.The tiny,wheeled robots,_________(1)are about 3 inches tall and as wide as a lipstick case, can be slipped into small incisions（切口）and computer-controlled by surgeons in different locations.Some robots are equipped_________(2)cameras and lights and can send images back to surgeons and others have surgical tools attached thatcan be_________(3)remotely."We think this is going to_________(4)open surgery,"Dr. Dmitry Oleynikov said at a news conference.Oleynikov is a_________(5)in computer-assisted surgery at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha.Officials hope that NASA will teach_________(6)to use the robots soon enough so that surgeries could one day be performed in space.On earth,the surgeons could control the robots themselves_________(7)other locations.For example,the robots could enable surgeons in other places to_________ (8)on injured soldiers on the front line.Researchers plan to seek federal regulatory_________(9)early next year.Tests on animals have been successful,and tests on humans in England will begin very soon.The camera-carrying robots can provide_________(10)of affected areas and the ones with surgical tools will be able to maneuver（操控）inside the body in ways surgeons' hands can't.The views from the camera-carrying robots are_________(11)than the naked eye,because they_________(12)back color images that are magnified（放大）. Because several robots can be inserted through one incision,they could reduce the amount and_________(13)of cuts needed for surgery,which would decrease recovery time. This is particularly_________( 14) to those patients who have been debilitated（使虚弱） by long illness.Eventually,Oleynikov said,the tiny robots may enable surgeons to work without ever _________(15)their hands in patients' bodies."That's the goal,"Oleynikov said."It's getting easier and easier.We can do even more with these devices."_________(6)A:astronauts B:nurses C:teachers D:trainers
共用题干Wide World of RobotsEngineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker （修补）with machines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices.“They're the best toys out there,” says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs,builds or programs robots.When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved一cars,trains,animals. He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move. Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars.Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college. But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset's lab- mates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes. Some robots can move only forward,backward,left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）.“Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,”Choset concluded.After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward. The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't, such as rolling. Choset's snake robots could crawl（爬行） through the grass,swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient's chest,cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School,to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and then tested the robot in pigs.A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology to surgeries on people.Even after 15 years of working with his team's creations,”I still don't get bored of watching the motion of my robots,”Choset says.Choset didn't begin developing his own snake robots until he started working at Carnegio Mellon.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
共用题干Wide World of RobotsEngineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker （修补）with machines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices.“They're the best toys out there,” says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs,builds or programs robots.When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved一cars,trains,animals. He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move. Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars.Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college. But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset's lab- mates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes. Some robots can move only forward,backward,left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）.“Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,”Choset concluded.After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward. The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't, such as rolling. Choset's snake robots could crawl（爬行） through the grass,swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient's chest,cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School,to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and then tested the robot in pigs.A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology to surgeries on people.Even after 15 years of working with his team's creations,”I still don't get bored of watching the motion of my robots,”Choset says.Choset began to build robots in high school.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
共用题干Wide World of RobotsEngineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker （修补）with machines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices.“They're the best toys out there,” says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs,builds or programs robots.When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved一cars,trains,animals. He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move. Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars.Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college. But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset's lab- mates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes. Some robots can move only forward,backward,left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）.“Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,”Choset concluded.After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward. The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't, such as rolling. Choset's snake robots could crawl（爬行） through the grass,swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient's chest,cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School,to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and then tested the robot in pigs.A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology to surgeries on people.Even after 15 years of working with his team's creations,”I still don't get bored of watching the motion of my robots,”Choset says.Zenati tested the robot on people after using it in pigs.A:RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
共用题干Wide World of RobotsEngineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker （修补）with machines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices.“They're the best toys out there,” says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs,builds or programs robots.When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved一cars,trains,animals. He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move. Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars.Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college. But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset's lab- mates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes. Some robots can move only forward,backward,left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）.“Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,”Choset concluded.After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward. The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't, such as rolling. Choset's snake robots could crawl（爬行） through the grass,swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient's chest,cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School,to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and then tested the robot in pigs.A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology to surgeries on people.Even after 15 years of working with his team's creations,”I still don't get bored of watching the motion of my robots,”Choset says.The robotic technology for surgeries on people has brought a handsome Medrobotics.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
共用题干Wide World of RobotsEngineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker （修补）with machines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices.“They're the best toys out there,” says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs,builds or programs robots.When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved一cars,trains,animals. He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move. Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars.Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college. But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset's lab- mates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes. Some robots can move only forward,backward,left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）.“Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,”Choset concluded.After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward. The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't, such as rolling. Choset's snake robots could crawl（爬行） through the grass,swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient's chest,cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School,to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and then tested the robot in pigs.A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology to surgeries on people.Even after 15 years of working with his team's creations,”I still don't get bored of watching the motion of my robots,”Choset says.Snake robots could move in only four directions.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial一for 5 our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around,played with the same toys,and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape.Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side Next,the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across 18 trials each,the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing.This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design.The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail,facial features,and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn’t necessary,”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings,even when they display only simple social signals.“We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.What did the social robot do during the experiment?A.It followed the social robot.B.It played with some toys.C.It set the trapped rats free.D.It moved around alone.
Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial一for 5 our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around,played with the same toys,and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape.Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side Next,the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across 18 trials each,the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing.This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design.The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail,facial features,and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn’t necessary,”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings,even when they display only simple social signals.“We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.James Wiles notes that rats________A.can remember other rat's facial featuresB.differentiate smells better than sizesC.respond more to cations than to looksD.can be scared by a plastic box on wheels
共用题干PlayPlay is the principal business of childhood,and in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy,every child needs opportunity and the right materials for play,and the main tools of play are toys.Their main func- tion is to suggest,encourage and assist play.To succeed in this they must he good toys,which children will play with often,and will come back to again and again.Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child's development.In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach,within the range of his inherited abilities,is largely determined in the first three years of his life .So a baby's ability to profit from the right play materials should not be underestimated.A baby,who is encouraged and stimulated,talked to and shown things and played with,has the best chance of growing up successfully.In the next stage,from three to five years old,curiosity knows no bounds.Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child,for trying out,experimenting and learning,for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws（七巧板）and construction toys ; painting,scribbling（涂鸦）and making things;sand and water play;toys for imaginative and pretending play;the first social games for learning to play and get on with others.By the third stage of play development—from five to seven or eight years—the child is at school .But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning,at home or at school.It is easier to see which type of toys the child most enjoys.Until the age of seven or eight,play and work mean much the same to a child.But once reading has been mastered,then books and schools become the main source of learning.Toys are still interesting and valuable,they lead on to new hobbies,but、their significance has changed—to a child of nine or ten years,toys and games mean,as to adults,relaxation and fun. Who have the best chance of growing up successfully?A: Those who tend to overeat.B:.Those who are given a lot of toys.C: Those who are given toys,talked to and played with.D: Those who can share their toys with their playmates.
共用题干Robots may Allow Surgery in SpaceSmall robots designed by University of Nebraska researchers may______(51)doctors on Earth to help perform surgery on patients in space.The______(52),wheeled robots,which are about 3 inches tall and as wide as lipstick case, can be slipped into small incisions and computer-controlled by surgeons in different______(53). Some robots are equipped with______(54)and lights and can send images back to surgeons and others have surgical tools attached that can be controlled______(55)."We think this is going to replace open surgery," Dr. Dmitry Oleynikov said at a news ______(56).Oleynikov is a specialist in computer-assisted surgery at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha.Officials hope that NASA will teach______(57)to use the robots soon enough so that surgeries could one day be performed in space.On earth,the surgeons could control the robots themselves from other locations.For example, the robots could enable surgeons in other places to work on injured______(58)on the front line. Researchers plan to seek federal regulatory approval early next year. Tests on______(59)have been successful,and tests on humans in England will begin very soon.The camera-carrying robots can provide views of______(60)areas and the ones with surgical tools will be able to maneuver inside the body in______(61)surgeons' hands can't. The views fromthe camera-carrying robots are better than the naked eye,because they send back color images that are______(62).Because several robots can be inserted through one incision,they could reduce the amount and______(63)of cuts needed for surgery,which would decrease______(64)time. This is particularly helpful to those patients who have been debilitated by long illness.______(65),Oleynikov said,the tiny robots may enable surgeons to work without even placing their hands in patients' bodies."That's the goal,"Oleynikov said."It's getting easier and easier. We can do even more with these devices._________(53)A:airports B:wardsC:spaceships D:locations
共用题干Wide World of RobotsEngineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker（修补）with ma- chines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices."They're the best toys out there," says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs, builds or programs robots.When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved一cars,trains,animals.He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move.Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars,Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college.But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset’。labmates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes.Some robots can move only forward, hackward, left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）."Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,"Choset concluded.After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward.The robot、also moved in ways that snakes usually don't,such as rolling. Choset’s snake robots could crawl（爬行）through the grass,swini in a pond and even climb a flagpole.But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well.For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient's chest,cutting through the breastbone.Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful.What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School,to investigate theidea.Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and they tested the robot in pigs. A company caikd Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology for g urgerie9 on people-Even after 15 years of working with his team’s creations,"I still don't get bored of watching the motionof my robots,"Clioset says.Snake robots could move in only four directions.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
共用题干Wide World of RobotsEngineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker（修补）with ma- chines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices."They're the best toys out there," says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs, builds or programs robots.When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved一cars,trains,animals.He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move.Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars,Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college.But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset’。labmates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes.Some robots can move only forward, hackward, left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）."Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,"Choset concluded.After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward.The robot、also moved in ways that snakes usually don't,such as rolling. Choset’s snake robots could crawl（爬行）through the grass,swini in a pond and even climb a flagpole.But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well.For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient's chest,cutting through the breastbone.Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful.What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School,to investigate theidea.Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and they tested the robot in pigs. A company caikd Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology for g urgerie9 on people-Even after 15 years of working with his team’s creations,"I still don't get bored of watching the motionof my robots,"Clioset says.Zenati tested the robot on people after usinlg it in pigs.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
共用题干Wide World of RobotsEngineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker（修补）with ma- chines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices."They're the best toys out there," says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs, builds or programs robots.When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved一cars,trains,animals.He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move.Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars,Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college.But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset’。labmates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes.Some robots can move only forward, hackward, left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）."Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,"Choset concluded.After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward.The robot、also moved in ways that snakes usually don't,such as rolling. Choset’s snake robots could crawl（爬行）through the grass,swini in a pond and even climb a flagpole.But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well.For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient's chest,cutting through the breastbone.Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful.What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School,to investigate theidea.Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and they tested the robot in pigs. A company caikd Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology for g urgerie9 on people-Even after 15 years of working with his team’s creations,"I still don't get bored of watching the motionof my robots,"Clioset says.Choset didn't begin developing hi、own snake robots until he started working at Carnegie Mellon.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioiied
"SeasameStreet"has been called"the longest street in the world".This is because the television program by that name can now be seen in so many parts ofthe world.The program,which went on the air in New York in 1969,uses songs,jokes,andpictures to give children a basic understanding of numbers,letters and humanrelationships.More than 6 million children in the United States watch itregularly.The viewers(观众)include more than half the nation′s children before school age.Manyteacher consider the program a great help,though some teachers find that problems happen when the first-year pupils who have learned from"SeasameStreet"are in the same class with those who have not watched the program.Tests have shown that children who watch it five times a week learn more than those who seldom watch it.In the United States the program is shown at differenthours during the week in order to increase the number of children who can watchit regularly.Why has"Seasame Street"been so much more successful than other children′sshows?Many reasons have been suggested.Perhaps one reason is that motherswatch"Seasame Street"along with their children.But the best reasonfor the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching itfeel able to learn.The child finds himself learning,and he wants to learnmore."Seasame Street"is a TV program produced mainly forA.childrenB.children of school ageC.primary school teachers and pupilsD.mothers and their children
"SeasameStreet"has been called"the longest street in the world".This is because the television program by that name can now be seen in so many parts ofthe world.The program,which went on the air in New York in 1969,uses songs,jokes,andpictures to give children a basic understanding of numbers,letters and humanrelationships.More than 6 million children in the United States watch itregularly.The viewers(观众)include more than half the nation′s children before school age.Manyteacher consider the program a great help,though some teachers find that problems happen when the first-year pupils who have learned from"SeasameStreet"are in the same class with those who have not watched the program.Tests have shown that children who watch it five times a week learn more than those who seldom watch it.In the United States the program is shown at differenthours during the week in order to increase the number of children who can watchit regularly.Why has"Seasame Street"been so much more successful than other children′sshows?Many reasons have been suggested.Perhaps one reason is that motherswatch"Seasame Street"along with their children.But the best reasonfor the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching itfeel able to learn.The child finds himself learning,and he wants to learnmore.When the first-year pupils who have watched the program are in the same class with those who haven′t,A.teaching will becomes a bit difficultB.they will not get on well with one anotherC.it is impossible to begin class at the fixed timeD.they don't want to learn anything more
"SeasameStreet"has been called"the longest street in the world".This is because the television program by that name can now be seen in so many parts ofthe world.The program,which went on the air in New York in 1969,uses songs,jokes,andpictures to give children a basic understanding of numbers,letters and humanrelationships.More than 6 million children in the United States watch itregularly.The viewers(观众)include more than half the nation′s children before school age.Manyteacher consider the program a great help,though some teachers find that problems happen when the first-year pupils who have learned from"SeasameStreet"are in the same class with those who have not watched the program.Tests have shown that children who watch it five times a week learn more than those who seldom watch it.In the United States the program is shown at differenthours during the week in order to increase the number of children who can watchit regularly.Why has"Seasame Street"been so much more successful than other children′sshows?Many reasons have been suggested.Perhaps one reason is that motherswatch"Seasame Street"along with their children.But the best reasonfor the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching itfeel able to learn.The child finds himself learning,and he wants to learnmore.People call"Seasame Street"the longest street in the world becauseA.it isthe longest TV program ever producedB.it took much more time to put on this program than any other oneC.it is shown almost throughout the worldD.it has been on the air since 1969
Which two forwarding classes have bandwidth assigned when CoS is not explicitly configured inJUNOS software?（）A、best effort (BE)B、network control (NC)C、assured forwarding (AF)D、expedited forwarding (EF)
问答题Training doesn’t just involve teaching someone how to write nifty software or even stick to company policies. It also focuses on softer skills like team-building, leadership and communication. Rather than train only in periods of flux or crisis, entrepreneurs should invest consistently in a structured program along the way. It may sound corny, but small firms that build what consultants like to call a “culture of learning” get more out of their training investments, because they don’t have to “reinvent the wheel” when restarting programs from scratch.
单选题Just as the value of a telephone network increases with each new phone _____ to the system, so does the value of a computer system increase with each program that turns out.AaddingBto have addedCto addDadded