共用题干Wide World of RobotsEngineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker （修补）with machines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices.“They're the best toys out there,” says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs,builds or programs robots.When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved一cars,trains,animals. He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move. Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars.Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college. But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset's lab- mates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes. Some robots can move only forward,backward,left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）.“Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,”Choset concluded.After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward. The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't, such as rolling. Choset's snake robots could crawl（爬行） through the grass,swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient's chest,cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School,to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and then tested the robot in pigs.A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology to surgeries on people.Even after 15 years of working with his team's creations,”I still don't get bored of watching the motion of my robots,”Choset says.Choset didn't begin developing his own snake robots until he started working at Carnegio Mellon.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
共用题干
Wide World of Robots
Engineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker （修补）with machines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices.
“They're the best toys out there,” says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs,builds or programs robots.
When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved一cars,trains,animals. He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move. Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars.
Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college. But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset's lab- mates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes. Some robots can move only forward,backward,left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）.“Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,”Choset concluded.
After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward. The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't, such as rolling. Choset's snake robots could crawl（爬行） through the grass,swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.
But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient's chest,cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?
Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School,to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and then tested the robot in pigs.
A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology to surgeries on people.
Even after 15 years of working with his team's creations,”I still don't get bored of watching the motion of my robots,”Choset says.
Wide World of Robots
Engineers who build and program robots have fascinating jobs. These researchers tinker （修补）with machines in the lab and write computer software to control these devices.
“They're the best toys out there,” says Howie Choset at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Choset is a roboticist,a person who designs,builds or programs robots.
When Choset was a kid,he was interested in anything that moved一cars,trains,animals. He put motors on Tinkertoy cars to make them move. Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars.
Hoping to continue working on robots,he studied computer science in college. But when he got to graduate school at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena,Choset's lab- mates were working on something even cooler than remotely controlled cars:robotic snakes. Some robots can move only forward,backward,left and right. But snakes can twist（扭曲）in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain（地形）.“Snakes are far more interesting than the cars,”Choset concluded.
After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward. The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't, such as rolling. Choset's snake robots could crawl（爬行） through the grass,swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.
But Choset wondered if his snakes might be useful for medicine as well. For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient's chest,cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?
Choset teamed up with Marco Zenati,a heart surgeon now at Harvard Medical School,to investigate the idea. Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and then tested the robot in pigs.
A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology to surgeries on people.
Even after 15 years of working with his team's creations,”I still don't get bored of watching the motion of my robots,”Choset says.
Choset didn't begin developing his own snake robots until he started working at Carnegio Mellon.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
参考解析
解析：题干意为“乔赛特在高中时开始制造机器人。”关键词是high school。依据 此关键词，可在文中第二段找到相关叙述：”When Choset was a kid, he was interested in anything that moved...Later,in high school,he built mobile robots similar to small cars.”（当 乔赛特还是个孩子的时候就对一切会动的东西感兴趣……之后，在高中期间，他制造了与小汽车相似的移动机器人。）由此可知，乔赛特是从高中开始制造机器人的，故此题说法为“正 确”的。
题干意为“蛇形机器人只能朝四个方向移动。”关健词组是only four directions。依据此关键词组，可在文中第三段第三、四句找到相关叙述：”Some robots can move only forward,backward,left and right.But snakes can twist in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain. ”（有些机器人只能向前后左右四个方向移动，但是蛇形 机器人可以朝很多方向弯曲，并且能越过不同类型的地形。）由此可知，蛇形机器人并不仅仅能 朝四个方向移动，故此题说法为“错误”的。
题干意为“乔赛特直到在卡耐基梅隆工作时才开始研制自己的蛇形机器人。”关键词是Carnegie Mellon。依据此关键词，可在文中第四段第一句找到相关叙述：“ After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.”（在卡耐基梅隆开始工作之后，乔赛特和同事们开始研制蛇形机器 人。）故此题说法为“正确”的。
题干意为“与别人研发的蛇形机器人相比，乔赛特的蛇形机器人能做更多的 动作。”关键词是movements。依据此关健词，可在文中第四段第二、三、四句找到相关叙述： ”Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward. The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't,such as rolling. Choset's snake robots could crawl through the grass,swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.”（乔赛特团队设计的程序可以让机器人做出与真蛇一样的动作，比如滑行和向前缓慢移动。这些机器人还能做出通常情况下蛇无法做出的动作，比如旋转。乔赛特的蛇形机器人可以在草丛中爬行，在池塘里游泳，甚至还能爬旗杆。）由此可知，与那些可以朝很多方向运动，能在多种地形中前行的机器人相比，乔赛特的蛇形机器人能做出更多的动作。故此 题说法为“正确”的。
题干意为“细小的蛇形机器人的应用可以使心脏手术用时减少。”关键词是 heart surgeries。依据此关键词组，可在文中第五段第二、三、四句找到相关叙述：”For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient's chest,cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?”（对于某些心脏手术，医生需要透过胸骨为病人开胸。这样的手术恢复起来非常痛苦。如果医生做这 样的手术时只是开一个小洞然后把一个细小的蛇形机器人送入身体会怎么样呢？）这里说原来 的某些心脏手术比较复杂，且恢复起来会很痛苦，但是并没有提到时间的问题，故此说法为“未提及”的。
题干意为“将机器人在猪身上测试之后，赞纳提将其在人身上进行了测试。” 关键词是Zenati和pigs。依据关键词。可在文中第六段第二句找到相关叙述：”Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and then tested the robot in pigs.”（赞纳提在一个塑料的胸部模型上练习使用机器人，然后又在猪身上测试机器人。）由此可知，赞纳提 确实在猪身上测试过机器人，但之后他有没有在人身上测试文中并没有提到，故此说法为“未提及”的。
题干意为“用于人体手术的机器人技术已经为Medrobotics带来了丰厚的利润。”关键词是Medrobotics。依据此关键词，可在文中第七段找到相关叙述：” A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology for surgeries on people.”（在波士顿，一家名为Medrobotics的公司现在已经将这项技术用于人体手术。）文中并没有提及这 项技术给这家公司带来多少利润，故此说法为“未提及”的。
题干意为“蛇形机器人只能朝四个方向移动。”关健词组是only four directions。依据此关键词组，可在文中第三段第三、四句找到相关叙述：”Some robots can move only forward,backward,left and right.But snakes can twist in many directions and travel over a lot of different types of terrain. ”（有些机器人只能向前后左右四个方向移动，但是蛇形 机器人可以朝很多方向弯曲，并且能越过不同类型的地形。）由此可知，蛇形机器人并不仅仅能 朝四个方向移动，故此题说法为“错误”的。
题干意为“乔赛特直到在卡耐基梅隆工作时才开始研制自己的蛇形机器人。”关键词是Carnegie Mellon。依据此关键词，可在文中第四段第一句找到相关叙述：“ After he started working at Carnegie Mellon,Choset and his colleagues there began developing their own snake robots.”（在卡耐基梅隆开始工作之后，乔赛特和同事们开始研制蛇形机器 人。）故此题说法为“正确”的。
题干意为“与别人研发的蛇形机器人相比，乔赛特的蛇形机器人能做更多的 动作。”关键词是movements。依据此关健词，可在文中第四段第二、三、四句找到相关叙述： ”Choset's team programmed robots to perform the same movements as real snakes,such as sliding and inching forward. The robots also moved in ways that snakes usually don't,such as rolling. Choset's snake robots could crawl through the grass,swim in a pond and even climb a flagpole.”（乔赛特团队设计的程序可以让机器人做出与真蛇一样的动作，比如滑行和向前缓慢移动。这些机器人还能做出通常情况下蛇无法做出的动作，比如旋转。乔赛特的蛇形机器人可以在草丛中爬行，在池塘里游泳，甚至还能爬旗杆。）由此可知，与那些可以朝很多方向运动，能在多种地形中前行的机器人相比，乔赛特的蛇形机器人能做出更多的动作。故此 题说法为“正确”的。
题干意为“细小的蛇形机器人的应用可以使心脏手术用时减少。”关键词是 heart surgeries。依据此关键词组，可在文中第五段第二、三、四句找到相关叙述：”For some heart surgeries,the doctor has to open a patient's chest,cutting through the breastbone. Recovering from these surgeries can be very painful. What if the doctor could perform the operation by instead making a small hole in the body and sending in a thin robotic snake?”（对于某些心脏手术，医生需要透过胸骨为病人开胸。这样的手术恢复起来非常痛苦。如果医生做这 样的手术时只是开一个小洞然后把一个细小的蛇形机器人送入身体会怎么样呢？）这里说原来 的某些心脏手术比较复杂，且恢复起来会很痛苦，但是并没有提到时间的问题，故此说法为“未提及”的。
题干意为“将机器人在猪身上测试之后，赞纳提将其在人身上进行了测试。” 关键词是Zenati和pigs。依据关键词。可在文中第六段第二句找到相关叙述：”Zenati practiced using the robot on a plastic model of the chest and then tested the robot in pigs.”（赞纳提在一个塑料的胸部模型上练习使用机器人，然后又在猪身上测试机器人。）由此可知，赞纳提 确实在猪身上测试过机器人，但之后他有没有在人身上测试文中并没有提到，故此说法为“未提及”的。
题干意为“用于人体手术的机器人技术已经为Medrobotics带来了丰厚的利润。”关键词是Medrobotics。依据此关键词，可在文中第七段找到相关叙述：” A company called Medrobotics in Boston is now adapting the technology for surgeries on people.”（在波士顿，一家名为Medrobotics的公司现在已经将这项技术用于人体手术。）文中并没有提及这 项技术给这家公司带来多少利润，故此说法为“未提及”的。