单选题The Federalists advocated（）Aa strong federal governmentsBstrong state governmentCthe adoption of Bill of RightsDlimits on the federal government
单选题
The Federalists advocated（）
A
a strong federal governments
B
strong state government
C
the adoption of Bill of Rights
D
limits on the federal government
参考解析
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第一节 任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。When difficult people exptures themeelves orally, they generally want at least two things:they’ve been heard and they’ve been understood.As a good communicator should be a good listener, five steps are advocated toward good listening.The first step is cooperating(合作).How does a difficult person know that you’re listening and understanding?In fact, it’s through the way you look and sound while he is talking. You may help him to fully express his thoughts and feelings. You do this by nodding your head in agreement, making cartain sounds of understandiey.When the peron begings to repeat what’s been said, is’s a two:turning that you repeat some words he is using, sending a clear signal the you’ve listening carefully and that you think what he is saying is important.Having heard what he has to say, the next sterp is clarifying.At this point, you start to gather information about whoat is being communicated. Ask same open-ended questions, which will allow you to figure out what intention he is hoping to satisfy.The fourth step is to summarize(概括)what you’ve heard.This allows you to make sure that both you and the difficult peson the same page. When you do this, two things happen First, if you’ve twisses shinething, he can fill in the (细节).Second you’ve shown that you’re making an effort to understand cometely. This increases possibility of gaining cooperation from him.Having listened carefully, you’ve now arrived at the point of confirmning with the person that he feels satisfied that this thoughts have been fully voiced. Ask if he feels understood.Then emough sincere listening, questioning, and remembering are brought together, understanding is usually achieved and a difficult person hecomes less difficult and more cooperative.Topic(76) to understandReasonDifficult people hope they have bem heard and(77) when they express theselves.(78)◆(79) in agreement and make some sounds of understanding while a difficult person is speaking.◆Repeat some(80) that you have heard.◆Collect information about the person’s expressions and find his(81).◆Give a(82) of what the person has said.◆Confirm that the person gains(83) from speaking his thoughts.DlultA difficult person will be(84) to cooperate with if understanding is achieved.CommentYou may unlock the doors to difficult people’s(85) after you listen and understand76_______
Text2With the extension of democratic rights in the first half of the nineteenth century and the ensuing decline of the Federalist establishment, a new conception of education began to emerge.Education was no longer a confirmation of a preexisting status, but an instrument in the acquisition of higher status.For a new generation of upwardly mobile students, the goal of education was not to prepare them to live comfortably in the world into which they had been born, but to teach them new virtues and skills that would propel them into a different and better world.Education became training; and the student was no longer the gentlemaninwaiting, but the journeyman apprentice for upward mobility.In the nineteenth century a college education began to be seen as a way to get ahead in the world.The founding of the landgrant colleges opened the doors of higher education to poor but aspiring boys from nonAngloSaxon, workingclass and lowermiddleclass backgrounds.The myth of the poor boy who worked his way through college to success drew millions of poor boys to the new campuses.And with this shift, education became more vocational: its object was the acquisition of practical skills and useful information.For the gentlemaninwaiting, virtue consisted above all in grace and style, in doing well what was appropriate to his position; education was merely a way of acquiring polish.And vice was manifested in gracelessness, awkwardness, in behaving inappropriately, discourteously, or ostentatiously.For the apprentice, however, virtue was evidenced in success through hard work.The requisite qualities of character were not grace or style, but drive, determination, and a sharp eye for opportunity.While casual liberality and even prodigality characterized the gentleman, frugality, thrift, and selfcontrol came to distinguish the new apprentice.And while the gentleman did not aspire to a higher station because his station was already high, the apprentice was continually becoming, striving, struggling upward.Failure for the apprentice meant standing still, not rising.第26题：Which of the following is true according to the first paragraph?［A］ Democratic ideas started with education.［B］ Federalists were opposed to education.［C］ New education helped confirm people’s social status.［D］ Old education had been in tune with hierarchical society.
Text 4Jill Ker Conway ,president of Smith ,echoes the prevailing view of contemporary technology when she says that " anyone in today's world who doesn't understand data processing is not educated. " But she insists that the mcreasing emphasis on these matters leave certain gaps. Says she: "The very strongly utilitarian emphasis in education ,which is an effect of man-made satellites and the cold war, has really removed from this culture something that was very profound in its 18th and 19th century roots ,which was a sense that literacy and learning were ends in themselves for a demo- cratic republic. "In contrast to Plato's claim for the social value of education,a quite different idea of intellectu-al purposes was advocated by the Renaissance humanists. Ovejoyed with their rediscovery of the classical leaming that was thought to have disappeared during the Dark Ages,they argued that the imparting of knowledge needs no justification-religious ,social ,economic ,or political. Its purpose,to the extent that it has one ,is to pass on from generation to generation the corpus of knowledge that constitutes civilization. "What could man acquire ,by virtuous striving ,that is more valuable than knowledge?" asked Erasmus ,perhaps the greatest scholar of the early 16th century. That idea has acquired a tradition of its own. "The educational process has no end beyond itself," said John Dewey. "It is its own end. "But what exactly is the corpus of knowledge to be passed on? In simpler times ,it was all included in the medieval universities' Quadrivium ( arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music ) and Trivium( grammar, thetoric ,logic). As recently as the last century ,when less than 5% of Americans went to college at all, students in New England establishments were compelled mainly to memorize and recite various Latin texts,and crusty professors angrily opposed the introduction of any new scientific discoveries or modern European languages. "They felt," said regretfully Charles Francis Adams, Jr. ,the Union Pacific Railroad president who devoted his later years to writing history ,"that a classical education was the important distinction between a man who had been to college and a man who had not been to college ,and that anything that diminished the importance of this distinction was essentially revolutionary and tended to anarchy. "56. The first paragraph shows that Jill Ker Conway accepts utilitarian emphasis in education[A] wholeheartedly.[B] with reservation.[C] against her own will.[D] with contempt.
Which of the following is true according to the first paragraph?［A］ Democratic ideas started with education.［B］ Federalists were opposed to education.［C］ New education helped confirm people’s social status.［D］ Old education had been in tune with hierarchical society.
Passage 2The Ancient Greek philosopher Pythagoras is best known today for his mathematical theorem,which haunts the dreams of many geometry students, but for centuries he was also celebrated as thefather of vegetarianism. A meatless diet was referred to as a "Pythagorean diet" for years, up untilthe modem vegetarian movement began in the mid-1800s.While Pythagoras was an early proponent of a meatless diet, humans have been vegetarianssince well before recorded history．Most anthropologists agree that early humans would have eaten apredominantly plant-based diet；after all，plants can ’t run away．Additionally，our digestive systemsresemble those of herbivores closer than camivorous animals．Prehistoric man ate meat，of course，but plants formed the basis of his diet．Pythagoras and his many followers practiced vegetarianism for several reasons，mainly due toreligious and ethical objections．Pythagoras believed all living beings had souls．Animals were noexception，SO meat and fish were banished from his table．Strangely enough，he also banished avegetable that has a place of honor on most vegetarian menus today，the humble bean．His followerswere forbidden to eat or even touch beans，because he thought beans and humans were created fromthe same material．Fava beans were especially bad，as they have hollow steams that could allow thesouls of the dead to travel up from the soil into the growing beans．While the edict against beans was lifted not long after Pythagoras’death，his followerscontinued to eat a meatless diet．His principles influenced generations of academics and religiousthinkers，and it was a group of these like-minded individuals who founded the Vegetarian Society inEnglish in the mid-1800s．The virtues of temperance，abstinence and self．control were all tied tovegetarian Ideals，while lust，drunkenness and general hooliganism all resulted from a diet too rich inmeat products．Notable early vegetarians included Leo Tolstoy，George Bernard Shaw，MahatmaGandhi and American Bronson Alcott，a Transcendentalist teacher，reformer and the father of“LialeWomen”author Louisa May Alcott．It wasn’t until the 1960s that vegetarianism moved into mainstream American life and themovement’sgrowth picked up speed in the l 970s when a young graduate student named FrancisMoore Lappe wrote a book called Diet for a Small Planet．In it，she advocated a meatless diet not forethical or moral reasons，but because plant-based foods have much less impact on the environmentthan meat does．Today，many vegetarians refuse meat because of animal rights issues，or concernsover animal treatment，a principle first espoused in Peter Singer’s 1975 work A nimal Liberation．Which of the following is true according to the passageA.Pythagoras made a great contributing to biology.B.Pythagoras thought beans, like humans, had souls.C.Francis Moore Lappe is a contemporary vegetarian.D.Both Bronson Alcott and his daughter were vegetarians.
请阅读Passage 1。完成第小题。Passage 1African elephants have been slaughtered at alarming rate over the past decade, largely because they are the primary source of the world's ivory. Their population has been dwindled from 1.3 million in 1979 to just 625,000 today, and the rate of killing has been accelerating in recent years because many of the older, bigger tusked animals have already been destroyed. "The poachers now must kill times as many elephants to get the same quantity of ivory," explained Curtis Bohlen,Senior vice president of the World Wildlife Fund.Though its record on the environment has been spotty so far, the government last week took the lead in a major conservation issue by imposing a ban on ivory imports into the US. The move came just four days after a consortium of conservation groups, including the World Wildlife Fund and Wildlife Conservation International, called for that kind of action, and it made the US the first nation to forbid imports of both raw and finished ivory. The ban, says Bohlen, sends a very clear message to the ivory poachers that the game is over.In the past African nations have resisted an ivory ban, but increasingly they realized that the decimation of the elephant herds poses a serious threat to their tourist business. Last month Tanzania and several other African countries called for an amendment to the 102 nation Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species that would make the ivory trade illegal worldwide.The amendment is expected to be approved at an October meeting in Geneva and to go into effect next January. But between now and then, conservationists contend, poachers may go on a rampage,killing elephants wholesale, so nations should unilaterally forbid imports right away. The US government brought that argument, and by week's end the twelve nations European Community had followed with its own ban.Why did the African nations welcome an ivory ban?查看材料A．The rate of killing has been accelerating.B．The US government forbids imports of both raw and finished ivory.C．They realized that the killing of elephants is a serious threat to their tourist business.D．African people advocated an ivory ban.
Text 1 The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009.For the most part,the response has been favorable,to say the least.“Hooray!At last!”wrote Anthony Tommasini,a sober-sided classical-music critic.One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise,however,is that Gilbert is comparatively little known.Even Tommasini,who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times,calls him“an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.”As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez,that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.For my part,I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one.To be sure,he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions,but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall,or anywhere else,to hear interesting orchestral music.All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf,or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point.For the time,attention,and money of the art-loving public,classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses,dance troupes,theater companies,and museums,but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century.There recordings are cheap,available everywhere,and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances;moreover,they can be“consumed”at a time and place of the listener’s choosing.The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record.Gilbert’s own interest in new music has been widely noted:Alex Ross,a classical-music critic,has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into“a markedly different,more vibrant organization.”But what will be the nature of that difference?Merely expanding the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough.If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed,they must first change the relationship between America’s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.25.Regarding Gilbert’s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic,the author feelsA.doubtful.B.enthusiastic.C.confident.D.puzzled.
Why did the African nations welcome an ivory ban?___________A.The rate of killing has been acceleratingB.The US government forbids imports of both raw and finished ivoryC.They realized that the killing of elephants is a serious threat to their tourist businessD.African people advocated an ivory ban
共用题干Vocational EducationVocational education refers to education for a particular occupation.Industrialized countries have seen a fall in demand for unskilled workers,and an increase in jobs in the professional,technical,commercial,and administrative sector. Vocational education is traditionally associated with trades and crafts: young people were apprentice to employers for a number of years and learned on the job.Today the focus has shifted from the workplace to secondary and higher education institutions,and from employers to government provision and finance.Trainees in most occupations combine workplace training with study at a technical or academic institution.In the former Soviet Union, school and work were always strongly linked from primary school.Germany provides nine out of ten young people with entering higher education with vocational training,and training is planned from national down to locate level through joint committees of government representatives,employers,and trade unions.In some countries,skills are being grouped and"job families"are created so that individuals can move between jobs with similar technical requirements.In other occupations"competency-based education"is advocated to equip individuals with"transferable"as well as specific skills.In developing countries,where it is traditional for children to work from an early age,only a tiny proportion of students follow a formal vocational program,while the long specialist training of professionals such as doctors,lawyers,and engineers is a costly burden.Training places for technicians,nurses,teachers,and the essential workers are often limited.Worldwide,there is a slow but steady increase in the numbers of women training for occupations of influence in science,technology,law,and business.It is also becoming clear that one course of vocational education is not enough for a lifetime. Retraining,through continuing education is essential.In the former Soviet Union,school and work were always weakly linked from primary school.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
The environmentalists advocated better protection of the earth.A:appealB:pledgeC:proclaim D:urge
My son failed to come back last night.This morming the police came to our house and( )my worst fears that he was injured in a car accident. A.advocated B.confirmed C.promised D.insured
The first period if the party system refers to the appearance of（）Athe FederalistsBthe Anti-FederalistsCthe Federalists and the Anti-FederalistsDthe Democratic-Republicans and the Anti-Federalists
The Federalists advocated（）Aa strong federal governmentsBstrong state governmentCthe adoption of Bill of RightsDlimits on the federal government
Which of the following statements is NOT true?（）AOliver Cromwell became Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England in 1653 by the Petition of Right.BOliver Cromwell crushed without mercy a rebellion in Ireland.COliver Cromwell suppressed the Levellers,a group within his own army who advocated total religious and social equality.DOliver Cromwell replaced the Rump with an assembly largely chosen by himself.
The Federalists advocated（）A、a strong federal governmentsB、strong state governmentC、the adoption of Bill of RightsD、limits on the federal government
The first period if the party system refers to the appearance of（）A、the FederalistsB、the Anti-FederalistsC、the Federalists and the Anti-FederalistsD、the Democratic-Republicans and the Anti-Federalists
Which of the following statements is NOT true?（）A、Oliver Cromwell became Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England in 1653 by the Petition of Right.B、Oliver Cromwell crushed without mercy a rebellion in Ireland.C、Oliver Cromwell suppressed the Levellers,a group within his own army who advocated total religious and social equality.D、Oliver Cromwell replaced the Rump with an assembly largely chosen by himself.
A global container shipping company has a new application that they are going to deploy on a p5-570 at their corporate data center. The Chief Information Officer indicates that， if the application is down for more than 36 hours， the cost of downtime is very high. For the initial 36 hours of downtime， the company has a manual process they can execute without significant additional cost. Which of the following products best mitigates the major business risk to the company？（）A、IBM Business Continuity ServicesB、HACMP and a second p5-570 for the data centerC、ServiceSuite Supportline with Account AdvocateD、ServiceSuite 9x5 next day Hardware Maintenance
单选题The first period if the party system refers to the appearance of（）Athe FederalistsBthe Anti-FederalistsCthe Federalists and the Anti-FederalistsDthe Democratic-Republicans and the Anti-Federalists
单选题Which of the following is NOT advocated by Modernists?AUsing prefabricated elements.BUsing cold, hard expanses of glass.CUsing reinforced metal frames.DDiminishing the importance of decoration.
单选题An American manufacturer of space heaters reported a 1994 fourth-quarter net income (total income minus total costs) of $41 million, compared with $28.3 million in the fourth quarter of 1993. This increase was realized despite a drop in U.S. domestic retail sales of space-heating units toward the end of the fourth quarter of 1994 as a result of unusually high temperatures. Which of the following, if true, would contribute most to an explanation of the increase in the manufacturer’s net income?AIn the fourth quarter of 1994, the manufacturer paid its assembly-line workers no salaries in November or December because of a two-month-long strike, but the company had a sufficient stock of space-heating units on hand to supply its distributors.BIn 1993, because of unusually cold weather in the Northeast, the federal government authorized the diversion of emergency funding for purchasing space-heating units to be used in the hardest. hit areas.CForeign manufacturers of space heaters reported improved fourth-quarter sales in the American market compared with their sales in 1993.DDuring the fourth quarter of 1994, the manufacturer announced that it would introduce an extra-high-capacity space heater in the following quarter.EIn the third quarter of 1994, a leading consumer magazine advocated space heaters as a cost-effective way to heat spaces of less than 100 square feet.