_____ A.while B.where C.that D.what
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D.what
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共用题干I'll Be BachComposer David Cope is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classical music.It took Cope 30 years to develop the software.Now most people can't tell the difference between music by the famous German composer J.S.Bach(1685-1750)and the Bach-like compositions from Cope's computer.It all started in 1980 in the United States,when Cope was trying to write an opera.______(46)At first this music was not easy to listen to.What did Cope do?He began to rethink how human beings compose music.He realized that composers'brains work like big databases.First,they take in all the music that they have ever heard.______(47)Finally,they make new music from what is left.According to Cope,only the great composers are able to create the database accurately,remember it,and form new musical patterns from it.Cope built a huge database of existing music.He began with hundreds of works by Bach.The software analyzed the data:it broke it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns.It then combined the pieces into new patterns._______(48)They weren't good,but it was a start.Cope knew he had more work to do-he had a whole opera to write.He continued to improve the software.Soon it could analyze more complex music.He also added many other composers,including his own work,to the database.A few years later,Cope's computer program,called"Emmy",was ready to help him with his opera.______(49)Cope listened to the computer's musical ideas and used the ones that he liked.With Emmy,the opera took only two weeks to finish.It was called Cradle Falling,and it was a great success! ______(50) Since that first opera,Emmy has written thousands of compositions,Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn't like of her music,but she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days!______(50)A:By developing a computer software,David Cope aimed to write an opera.B:Cope received some of the best reviews of his career,but no one knew exactly how he had composed the work.C:He was having trouble thinking of new melodies,so he wrote a computer program to create the melodies.D:The process required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy.E:Before long,the program could compose short Bach-like works.F:Then they take out the music that they dislike.
共用题干Electromagnetic Energy1 White light seems to be a combination of all colors.The energy that comes from a source of light is not limited to the kind of energy you can see.Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light.On a cloudyday it is possible to get a sunburn even though you feel cool.Visible light and the kind of energy that produce warmth and sunburn are examples of electromagnetic energy.2 The sun is 93 million miles away from the earth.Yet we can use energy from the sun because elec-tromagnetic energy travels through space.3 Many other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energy.Radio,television,and radar signals travel from transmitters to receivers as low-energy electromagnetic waves. Infrared（红外线的）radiation is an electromagnetic wave.When it is absorbed by matter,heat is produced.Waves of infrared and visible light have more energy than waves of radio , television , or radar. Ultraviolet rays（紫外线）and X-rays are electro- magnetic waves with even greater amounts of energy.Infrared radiation is used in cooking food and heating buildings.Sunlight and electric lights are part of our requirements for normal living. Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killing certain disease organisms.X-rays and gamma rays have so much energy that they travel right through solid objects.They can be used to detect and treat cancer. X-rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal,and in medicine to reveal broken bones.4 Usually we use electricity to generate electromagnetic energy.The source of most of our energy is the sun.Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate.When the water falls to the earth as rain,some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators.Other generators are powered by coal,but the energy stored in coal came from the sun,too.5 Until recently,the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle.If the.sun depended on chemical reactions,it would have used up all its energy long ago.Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into energy.About forty years after the theory was proposed , nuclear energy was harnessed（利用）by man. Chemical energy comes from electron （电子）rearrangement. Nuclear energy comes from a change in the nucleus of an atom. Compared with chemi-cal reactions,nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per pound of fuel.We now believe that the sun's energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed into helium（氦）.6 Nuclear energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical source of power to generate elec-tncity.It is also being used to operate engines in large ships.Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obtaining and using energy.Paragraph 5_____________A:Nuclear Reactions as the Lasting Source of the Sun's EnergyB:The Most Important Source of EnergyC:Types of Electromagnetic EnergyD:X-rays Are Used to Detect and Treat CancerE:Seeking New Sources of EnergyF:Nuclear Energy Is Beginning to Compete With Coal
共用题干Mobile PhonesMobile phones should carry a label if they proved to be a dangerous source of radiation,according to Robert Bell,a scientist.And no more mobile phone transmitter towers should be built until the long-term health effects of the electromagnetic radiation they emit are scientifically evaluated,he said."Nobody is going to drop dead overnight but we should be asking for more scientific information,"Robert Bell said at a conference on the health effects of low-level radiation.______(46) A report widely circulated among the public says that up to now scientists do not really know enough to guarantee there are no ill-effects on humans from electromagnetic radiation.According to Robert Bell,there are 3.3 million mobile phones in Australia alone and they are increasing by 2,000 a day.______(47)As well,there are 2,000 transmitter towers around Australia,many in high density residential areas.______(48)The electromagnetic radiation emitted from these towers may have already produced some harmful effects on the health of the residents nearby.Robber Bell suggests that until more research is completed the government should ban construction of phone towers from within a 500 meter radius of school grounds,child care centers,hospitals, sports playing fields and residential areas with a high percentage of children.______(49)He adds that there is also evidence that if cancer sufferers are subjected to electromagnetic waves the growth rate of the disease accelerates.______(50)According to Robert Bell,it is reasonable for the major telephone companies to fund it. Besides,he also urges the government to set up a wide-ranging inquiry into possible health effects.________（47）A:He says there is emerging evidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults.B:By the year 2000 it is estimated that Australia will have 8 million mobile phones;nearly one for every two people.C:"If mobile phones are found to be dangerous,they should carry a warning label until proper shields can be devised,"he said.D:Then who finances the research?E:For example,Telstra,Optus and Vodaphone build their towers where it is geographically suitable to them and disregard the need of the community.F: The conclusion is that mobile phones bring more harm than benefit.
共用题干The Impact of Antarctic Ozone HoleThe Antarctic ozone（臭氧）hole is changing weather patterns across the Southern Hemisphere （半球）,even affecting the tropics,scientists have concluded. The scientists______(51)the new study added the ozone hole into standard climate models to_______(52)how it might have affected winds and rains. They say rainfall has moved further south towards the pole and the effect has been_______(53)strong over Australia.And of_______(54)interest was the southward of the Southern Hemisphere jet stream. These high一altitude winds are_______(55)to determining weather patterns,in both hemispheres. Much of the cold weather felt in the UK_______(56)the last couple of winters,for example,was caused by blocking of the Northern Hemisphere stream.The team found that overall,the ozone hole has_______(57)in rainfall moving south along with the winds._______(58)there are regional differences,particularly concerning Australia. In terms of the average for that zone,the ozone hole_______(59)about a 10% change一but for Australia,it's about 35%.Their modeling indicated that global warming_______(60)greenhouse gas emissions is also a factor in changing rainfall patterns.Natural climate cycles are also thought to be important here,as different rainfall patterns were _______(61)in the era before ozone depletion（消耗）and late 20th Century warming.Although the_______(62)international organization has significantly checked emissions of harmful substances,they_______(63)for decades in the atmosphere,and so their effects are still being felt.Earlier,and international organization forecast that even the Antarctic ozone hole一which is more severe than its_______(64)in the Northern Hemisphere一should be_______(65)by 2045—2060._________(59)A:drives B:attractsC:motivates D:includes
共用题干The Differences Among Various Types of AdoptionIn the US,there is a difference between public and private adoption.Public adoption typically involves taking _________ (51) foster（收养的）children and then adopting them after several months.It's significantly less expensive than private or international adoption,but more often than not_______(52)adopting children who are older than 5 or who have_______(53)needs.Private adoptions offer a better chance of adopting newborns,and increasingly,birth parents _______(54)the adoptive parents themselves.That's not a bad idea on its face,as it gives biological parents_______ (55)say in whom they will relinquish（放弃）their children. But this effectively puts_______(56)parents in the position of advertising themselves to birth parents in newspapers and online,_______(57)many couples feel uncomfortable with.Most states allow birth parents to reclaim their children_______(58)the children have been placed with adoptive families,for time periods ranging from a few days in some states to several months in others.Critics of international adoption say this rarely happens.They are only_______ (59)right:it's true that American birth parents don't usually reclaim their children once they've been placed with their adoptive families,but they can and do_______(60)their minds before the papers are signed.International adoption is more expensive than any form of domestic adoption,but in many ways, it is also more straightforward.The_______(61)of a birth parent calling the adoption_______ (62)are effectively zero and while costs are high,they're also determined at the_______(63) and tend not to change as the_______(64)wears on.Couples seeking to adopt should consider all_______(65)and get a range of perspectives before deciding which method is best for them._________(54)A:seal B:selectC:support D:delete
共用题干Wrongly Convicted Man and His Accuser Tell Their StoryNEW YORK,NY,January 5,2010.St.Martin's Press has announced the release of the paperback edition of Picking Cotton,a remarkable true story of what novelist John Grisham calls an"account of violence,rage,redemption（救赎）,and,ultimately forgiveness".The story began in 1987,in Burlington,North Carolina,with the rape of a young white college student named Jennifer Thompson.During her ordeal,Thompson swore to herself that she would never forget the face of her rapist,a man who climbed through the window of her apartment and assaulted her brutally.______(46)When the police asked her if she could identify the assailant（袭击者）from a book of mug shots,she picked one that she was sure was correct,and later she identified the same man in a lineup.Based on her convincing eyewitness testimony,a 22-year-old black man named Ronald Cotton was sentenced to prison for two life terms.Cotton's lawyer appealed the decision,and by the time of the appeals hearing, evidence had come to light suggesting that the real rapist might have been a man who looked very like Cotton,an imprisoned criminal named Bobby Poole.______(47)Jennifer Thompson looked at both men face to face,and once again said that Ronald Cotton was the one who raped her.Eleven years later, DNA evidence completely exonerated（证明……清白）Cotton and just as unequivocally（明确地）convicted Poole, who confessed to the crime.______ (48) "The man I was so sure I had never seen in my life was the man who was inches from my throat,who raped me,who hurt me, who took my spirit away,who robbed me of my soul,"she wrote."And the man I had identified so surely on so many occasions was absolutely innocent."______(49)Remarkably both were able to put this tragedy behind them,overcome the racial barrier that divided them,and write a book,which they have subtitled"Our memoir of injustice and redemption".Nevertheless,Thompson says,she still lives"with constant pain that my profound mistake cost him so dearly.______(50)"______ (50)A:Jennifer Thompson decided to meet Cotton and apologize to him personally.B:Many criminals are sent to prison on the basis of accurate testimony by eyewitnesses.C:I cannot begin to imagine what would have happened had my mistaken identification occurred in a capital case.D:Another trial was held.E:Thompson was shocked and devastated.F:During the attack,she made an effort to memorize every detail of his face,looking for scars,tattoos（纹身）,or other identifying marks.
共用题干第三篇Sugar Accelerate the Process of AgingSugar is widely used in our daily life to make food and drinks sweet,though too much intake of it may lead to diabetes.However,today's study found it also makes people get old faster. Rats that eat high levels of a natural sugar known as fructose seem to age faster than other rats.And the same could be true for people who eat too much sweet junk food,said Israeli researchers.Fructose,a substance found naturally in honey and fruit,is used widely in foods ranging from soft drinks to yogurt. But while its sweet taste is popular,the sugar could cause wrinkles and health problems,the researchers said.Dr. Moshe Werman and Boaz Levi of the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology fed large amounts of fructose to laboratory rats.Writing in the Journal of Nutrition,they said the fructose-fed rats showed changes in the collagen of their skin and bones.Collagen,a fibrous protein found in connective tissue,bone and cartilage,basically holds the body together. The loss of collagen is what causes sagging and deep wrinkles in older people.The process affected,Werman's team said,is known as"cross linking"."Too much crosslinking reduces elasticity and makes the skin stiff and rigid,and these are the conditions that encourage wrinkled skin,"Werman said in a statement. He said the same could be true of people, although this has not been shown."Americans are eating more and more processed foods such as carbonated drinks,baked goods,canned fruits,jams and dairy products that contain fructose," Werman said.Other studies have shown that high fructose intake can affect how the body handles glucose and increases insulin resistance一which can both be important measures of the tendency toward diabetes.The rats Werman worked with were fed much more than the average adult person might eat in a day,which is standard in such experiments.The rats were 12.5 grams of fructose per kg(2.2 pounds)of weight every day for a year. To compare,a person weighing 154 pounds(70kg)who drinks a quart(liter)of cola consumes about 60 grams of fructose,or 0.8 grams per kg of body weight.What does too much cross-linking lead to?A:Reduced strength.B:Blurred eyesight.C:Reduced elasticity and stiff and rigid skin.D:Tired muscles.
The use of wrong medicine may present a hazard to the patients.A:protection B:indicationC:immunity D:danger
共用题干I Know Just How You FeelDo you feel sad?Happy?Frustrated?Insouciant?Exonerated?Infuriated?Do you think that the way you display these emotions is unique?Well,think again.Even the expression of the most personal feelings can be divided into groups,classified,and perhaps,taught. This week sees the publication of Mind Reading, an interactive DVD displaying every possible human emotion.It demonstrates 412 distinct ways in which we feel:the first visual dictionary of the human heart.The attempt to classify expressions began with Darwin.His The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals,published in 1872,divided the emotions into six types一anger,fear,sadness,disgust,surprise and enjoyment.__________(46)Every other feeling,of which there may be thousands,was thought to derive from Darwin's small group.More complex expressions of emotion were likely to be learned and therefore more specific to each culture.But now it is believed that,whereas gestures do not cross cultural boundaries well,many more facial ex-pressions than Darwin's half-dozen are shared worldwide.________(47)The Mind Reading DVD is a systematic visual record of each of these expressions being acted out.The project was conceived by Professor Simon Baron-Cohen of the autism（孤独症）research centre in Cambridge as an aid for people with autism,who has difficulty both reading and expressing emotions.But it quickly became apparent that it had broader uses.Novelists,actors and portrait painters,for example,all need to understand a wide range of emotional expression,and teachers could use it for classes in personal and so- cial development. Baron-Cohen's team first had to decide what counted as an emotion._________( 48) Using this definition,1,5 12 emotion terms were identified and put to a panel who had to decide if each repre- sented a separate emotion,or if they were synonyms.This list was whittled down to 412,arranged in 24 groups from"afraid"to"wanting".Once the emotions were defined and classified,a DVD seemed the clearest and most efficient way to dis- play them.In Mind Reading,each expression is acted out一six times,by six different actors一in three seconds. _________(49)The explanation for this is simple:we may find it difficult to describe emotions usingwords,but we instantly recognize one when we see it on someone's face."It was really clear when the actors had got it right,"says Cathy Collis,who directed the DVD."Although the actors were given some direction," says Ms Collis,"they were not told which facial muscles they should move."__________(50)For example, when someone feels contempt,you can't say for certain that their eyebrows always go down.Someone who has tried to establish such rules is the American,Professor Paul Ekman,who has built a database of how the face moves for every emotion.The face can make 43 distinct muscle movements called "action units".These can be combined into more than 10,000 visible facial shapes.Ekman has written out a pattern of facial muscular movements to represent each emotion.__________（46）A:We thought of trying to describe each emotion,but it would have been almost impossible to make clear rules for this.B:These particular muscles are difficult to control,and few people can do it.C:Research has also been done to find out which areas of the brain read the emotional expressions.D:They decided that it was a mental state that could be preceded by"I feel","he looks"or" she sounds".E:He said that the expression of these feelings was universal and recognizable by anyone,from any culture.F:Any other method of showing all the 412 emotions,such as words,would have been far less effective.
As the industry developing in these years,most of the rivers have been contaminated by sewage （污水）.A:polluted B:downgradedC:mixed D:blackened
Mary has made up her mind not to go to the meeting.A: triedB: promisedC: decidedD: attempted