名词解释题epidemic
名词解释题
epidemic
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Most people say that the USA is making progress in fightingAIDS, but they don't know there's cure and strongly disagree that 【S1】______."the AIDS epidemic is over, " a new survey finds:The findings, relieved Thursday by the Kaiser Family Foun- 【S2】______.dation, reassure activists who have worried that public concernabout AIDS might disappear in night to recent news about ad- 【S3】______.vances in treatment and declines in deaths."While people are very pessimistic about the advances, 【S4】______.they're still realistic about the fact that there is no cure, "says Sophia Chang, director of HIV programs at the founda-tion.The Kaiser Family Foundation did find in its survey that 【S5】______.the number of people ranked AIDS as the country's top health 【S6】______.problem has fallen.In the poll, 38% says it's the top concern, down from 【S7】______.44% in a 1996 poll. Other findings from Kaiser, which poll 【S8】______.more than 1, 200 adults in September and October and askedadditional question of another 1, 000 adults in November 【S9】______.show that 52% say that the country is making progressagainst AIDS, up from 32 % in 1995. Daniel Zingale, directorof AIDS Action Council, says, " I'm encouraged that the Amer-ican people are getting the message what the AIDS epidemic 【S10】______.isn't over. I hope the decision-makers in Washington are get-ting the same message. We have seen signs of complacency (满足)."【S1】
According to Federal health officials ,the fact that more West Nile cases have been reported indicates that[A] more states are affected.[B] the average age dropped drastically.[C] health officials are more alert to the disease.[D] the epidemic season began a month earlier.
The 2014 Ebola outbreak is the largest in history and the first Ebola outbreak in West Africa. Although the current epidemic does not cause a significant risk to other nations, many countries, including China and the United States of America, have actually been working closely with the Ebola hit states. For example, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is taking precautions at home besides its activities abroad.CDCs team of “virus hunters” is supported by specialized public health teams both in West Africa and at the CDC Atlanta headquarters. Together, they offer continuous support to save lives and protect people. CDC works closely with a number of U.S. government agencies, national and international partners. CDCs experience of working with Ebola is important to the World Health Organizations growing West Africa Ebola response.On Sept. 2, 2014, CDC Director, Tom Frieden called for more international partners to join this effort. “The sooner the world comes together to help West Africa, the safer we all will be. We know how to stop this outbreak. There is a window of opportunity to do so the challenge is to scale up the massive response needed to stop this outbreak.”CDCs response to Ebola is the largest international outbreak response in CDCs history with over 100 disease specialists on the ground in West Africa, supported by hundreds of public health emergency response experts stateside , activated at Level 1, its highest level, because of the significance of this outbreak.The CDC supports affected countries to establish Emergency Operations Centers at national and local levels and helps countries track the epidemic including using real-time data to improve real-time response.Efforts in West Africa to identify those infected and track people who have come into contact with them are improving. The CDC is operating and supporting labs in the region to improve diagnosis and testing samples from people with suspected Ebola from around the world. Local health care systems are strengthened through communication, coordination with partners and training on infection control for health care workers and safe patient treatment.26. How could we describe the 2014 Ebola outbreak?A. The first one in western countries.B. It did not ever threaten West Africa.C. Not the first but the largest one.27. The 2014 Ebola outbreak response was()?A. an American stateside activity.B. an international activity.C. a regional activity.28. What does the underlined word “massive” mean in Paragraph 3?A. huge.B. quick.C. urgent29. How many disease specialists from CDC have gone to West Africa for the Ebola response?A. Less than 100.B. A hundred.C. More than 100.30. What action does CDC take to respond to the large Ebola outbreak?A. Work closely with governmental, national and international partners.B. Call for more partners to join this effort.C. Establish Emergency Operations Centers.
According to a market research company, the demand for 5G smartphones in China is not affected seriously by the epidemic.() 此题为判断题(对，错)。
Write a composition of at least 150 words about the topic :Epidemic Diseases and Public Health Crises.You should write according to the outline given below： 1．流行性疾病爆发的原因及其对公共健康的影响 2．举例说明如何有效地预防流行性疾病，应对公共健康危机 3．对全文作出总结 Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.
Drunken driving, sometimes called America's socially accepted form of murder, has become a national epidemic. Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed hydrunken drivers, adding up an incredible 350,000 over the past decade.A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers, glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American alcohol image and judges were lenient in most courts, but the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially involving young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18 to 20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop"responsible attitudes" about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.Tough new laws have led to increased arrests and in many areas already, to a marked decline in fatalities. Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks.As the fatalities continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years' national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919, which President Hoover called the"noble experiment". They forget that legal prohibition didn't stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.The rule that only people above 21 years of age can drink__________.A.is a new law promoted by the twenty statesB.had been once adopted before the 1960sC.has been enforced since the prohibition of alcoholD.will be carried out all over the country
Drunken driving, sometimes called America's socially accepted form of murder, has become a national epidemic. Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed hydrunken drivers, adding up an incredible 350,000 over the past decade.A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers, glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American alcohol image and judges were lenient in most courts, but the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially involving young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18 to 20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop"responsible attitudes" about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.Tough new laws have led to increased arrests and in many areas already, to a marked decline in fatalities. Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks.As the fatalities continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years' national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919, which President Hoover called the"noble experiment". They forget that legal prohibition didn't stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.?Which of the following sentences best concludes the main idea of this passage?A.Drunken driving has caused numerous fatalities in the United States.B.It's recommendable to prohibit alcohol drinking around the United States.C.The American society is trying hard to prevent drunken driving.D.Drunken driving has become a national epidemic in the United State.
Drunken driving, sometimes called America's socially accepted form of murder, has become a national epidemic. Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed hydrunken drivers, adding up an incredible 350,000 over the past decade.A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers, glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American alcohol image and judges were lenient in most courts, but the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially involving young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18 to 20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop"responsible attitudes" about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.Tough new laws have led to increased arrests and in many areas already, to a marked decline in fatalities. Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks.As the fatalities continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years' national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919, which President Hoover called the"noble experiment". They forget that legal prohibition didn't stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.What is the author's attitude toward all the laws against drunken driving?A.Optimistic.B.Pessimistic.C.Indifferent.D.Ironic.
Drunken driving, sometimes called America's socially accepted form of murder, has become a national epidemic. Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed hydrunken drivers, adding up an incredible 350,000 over the past decade.A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers, glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American alcohol image and judges were lenient in most courts, but the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially involving young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18 to 20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop"responsible attitudes" about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.Tough new laws have led to increased arrests and in many areas already, to a marked decline in fatalities. Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks.As the fatalities continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years' national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919, which President Hoover called the"noble experiment". They forget that legal prohibition didn't stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.What is the author's attitude toward all the laws against drunken driving?A.Optimistic.B.Pessimistic.C.Indifferent. D.Ironic.
Drunken driving, sometimes called America's socially accepted form of murder, has become a national epidemic. Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed hydrunken drivers, adding up an incredible 350,000 over the past decade.A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0.10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers, glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American alcohol image and judges were lenient in most courts, but the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially involving young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18 to 20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop"responsible attitudes" about drinking and teach them to resist peer pressure to drink.Tough new laws have led to increased arrests and in many areas already, to a marked decline in fatalities. Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks.As the fatalities continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years' national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919, which President Hoover called the"noble experiment". They forget that legal prohibition didn't stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.Which of the following four drivers can be defined as an illegal driver?A.A sixteen-year-old boy who drank a glass of wine three hours ago.B.An old lady who took four shots of whisky in yesterday's party.C.A policeman who likes alcohol very much.D.A pregnant woman who drank a beer an hour ago.
共用题干第二篇Attitudes to AIDS NowMost people say that the USA is making progress in fighting AIDS,but they don't know there's no cure and strongly disagree that" the AIDS epidemic（流行）is over,"a new survey finds.The findings,released Thursday by the Kaiser Family Foundation,reassure activists who have worried that public concern about AIDS might disappear in light of recent news about advances in treatment and declines in deaths."While people are very optimistic about the advances,they're still realistic about the fact that there is no cure",says Sophia Chang,director of HIV programs at the foundation.The Kaiser survey, like a recent USA TODAY Gallup Poll（民意测验）,does find that the number of people ranking AIDS as the country's top health problem has fallen.In the Kaiser poll,38%say it's the top concern,down from 44% in a 1996 poll;in the Gallup Poll,29% say AIDS is No.1,down from 41% in 1992 and 67% in 1987.Other findings from Kaiser,which polled more than 1,200 adults in September and October and asked additional questions of another 1,000 adults in November:52% say the country is making progress against AIDS,up from 32%in 1995.51% say the government spends too little on AIDS.86% correctly say AIDS drugs can now lengthen lives;an equal number correctly say that the drugs are not cures.67% incorrectly say that AIDS deaths increased or stayed the same in the past year;24% know deathsfell.Daniel Zingale,director of AIDS Action Council,says,"I'm encouraged that the American people are getting the message that the AIDS epidemic isn't over. I hope the decision-makers in Washington are getting the same message... We have seen signs of complacency（得意）."Most people in the USA believe that________.A:advances have been made in treating AIDSB:AIDS is no longer an epidemicC:AIDS is killing more people than beforeD:there is still no cure for AIDS
共用题干第二篇Attitudes to AIDS NowMost people say that the USA is making progress in fighting AIDS,but they don't know there's no cure and strongly disagree that" the AIDS epidemic（流行）is over,"a new survey finds.The findings,released Thursday by the Kaiser Family Foundation,reassure activists who have worried that public concern about AIDS might disappear in light of recent news about advances in treatment and declines in deaths."While people are very optimistic about the advances,they're still realistic about the fact that there is no cure",says Sophia Chang,director of HIV programs at the foundation.The Kaiser survey, like a recent USA TODAY Gallup Poll（民意测验）,does find that the number of people ranking AIDS as the country's top health problem has fallen.In the Kaiser poll,38%say it's the top concern,down from 44% in a 1996 poll;in the Gallup Poll,29% say AIDS is No.1,down from 41% in 1992 and 67% in 1987.Other findings from Kaiser,which polled more than 1,200 adults in September and October and asked additional questions of another 1,000 adults in November:52% say the country is making progress against AIDS,up from 32%in 1995.51% say the government spends too little on AIDS.86% correctly say AIDS drugs can now lengthen lives;an equal number correctly say that the drugs are not cures.67% incorrectly say that AIDS deaths increased or stayed the same in the past year;24% know deathsfell.Daniel Zingale,director of AIDS Action Council,says,"I'm encouraged that the American people are getting the message that the AIDS epidemic isn't over. I hope the decision-makers in Washington are getting the same message... We have seen signs of complacency（得意）."The word"message"in the last paragraph means___________.A:newsB:reportC:pointD:result
Text 1 The influenza season is just getting started in the United States,and it already promises to be more severe than usual.Hospital emergency rooms are filling up with flu sufferers,and pharmacies have reported medicine shortages.Twelve children had died as of last month.To make matters worse,in Australia,which experienced its flu season four to six months ago,the current vaccine appeared to be only about 10 percent effective against tlus year's dominant strain.Yet as bad as this winter's epidemic is,it won't compare with the flu pandemic that is almost certainly on the horizon if we don't dedicate energy and resources to a universal vaccine.The 1918 Spanish flu epidemic killed 50 million t0 100 million around the globe.Given the century of medical progress since then,one might conclude that we are far better prepared today to deal with such a worldwide catastrophe.Unfortunately,the opposite is true.The world has about four times the number of inhabitants it did in 1918,including hundreds of millions of people,poultry and pigs living close together.This provides a potent biologic mixing bowl and natural influenza virus mutation factory.When a pandemic does strike,we'll be in trouble in part because American hospitals and pharruacies keep in stock no more than a few days supply of most lifesaving drugs,almost all of which are made in Asia.Worldwide manufacturing and shipping are highly susceptible to disruption,which could mean shortages in many areas.A 1918-type influenza pandemic could cause ruin on the order of what the Black Death did t0 14th-century Europe,but on a global scale.Our current vaccines are based on 1940s research.Limited global manufacturing capacity combined with the five to six months it takes to make these vaccines mean many people would never even have a chance to be vaccinated.Little is being done to aggressively change this unacceptable situation.We will have worldwide flu pandemics.Only their severity is unknown.The only real solution is a universal vaccine that effectively attacks all influenza A strains,with reliable protection lasting for years,like other modem vaccines.Although the National Institutes of Health has publicly declared developing a vaccine a priority,it has only about$32 million this year specifically for such research.The Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority,the other federal agency responsible for developing and making available new vaccines for emergency response,has in fiscal year 2017 0nly a single project for$43 million supporting game-changing infiuenza vaccines.By contrast,the search for an H.I,V.vaccine-still a scientific long shot-receives Sl billion annually.We estimate that intemational govemments,vaccine manufacturers and the philanthropic community must make a similar commitment to influenza vaccine research if the kind of vaccine we need is to developed in the next 10 years.But there is no apparent effort to make these vaccines a priority in the current administration 25.Which ofthe following would be the best title for the text?A.We Desperately Need a Universal VaccineB.Shortages ofVaccines Need SolvingC.To Fully Prepared for a Worldwide CatastropheD.Measures We Should Take to Deal With Influenza
The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on June 11,2009.It is the first worldwide epidemic 1by the World Health Organization in 41 years.The heightened alert_2 an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that convened after a sharp rise in cases in Australia,and rising 3_in Britain,Japan,Chile and elsewhere.But the epidemic is"4"in severity,according to Margaret Chan,the organization's director general,5 the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery,often in the 6 of any medical treatment.The outbreak came to global__7 in late April 2009,when Mexican authorities noticed an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths 8 healthy adults.As much of Mexico City shut down at the height of a panic,cases began to 9 in New York City,the southwestern United States and around the world.In the United States,new cases seemed to fade 10 warmer weather arrived.But in late September 2009,officials reported there was 11 flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the 12 tested are the new swine flu,also known as（A）H1N1,not seasonal flu.In the U.S.,it has__13 more than one million people,and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.Federal health officials__14_Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began 15 orders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine.The new vaccine,which is different from the annual flu vaccine,is 16 ahead of expectations.More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009,though most of those 17 doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type,which is not 18 for pregnant women,people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties,heart disease or several other 19.But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk group:health care workers,people20_infants and healthy young people.19选？A.problemsB.issuesC.agoniesD.sufferings
单选题A serious epidemic has ______in South America and thousands of people are dying.Abroken outBgone off Cset outDturned up
单选题AHer great-grandfather died during a major epidemic.BHer great-grandfather worked in the field of public health.CHer great-grandfather was affected by the 1918 epidemic.DHer great-grandfather was a soldier in World War l.
单选题According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?AIn India, the infection rate almost reaches 12 percent of its population.BIn China, about 50,000 people are infected with HIV.CAIDS epidemic had caused 15,000,000 deaths in the whole world by January 2,000.DIn the United States, HIV infection will go on to attack about 5% of the whole population.
问答题Practice 3 For the rest of the month, an epidemic (流行病) will sweep across the US. It will keep kids home from school. College students will ignore piles of homework. Employees will suddenly lose their abilities to concentrate. The disease, known as “March Madness”, refers to the yearly 65-team US men’s college basketball tournament. It begins on March 15 and lasts through the beginning of April. Teams compete against each other in a single elimination tournament that eventually crowns a national champion. Nearly 20 million Americans will find themselves prisoners of basketball festival madness. The fun comes partly from guessing the winners for every game. Friends compete against friends, husbands against wives, and colleagues against bosses. Big-name schools are usually favored to advance into the tournament. But each year there are dark horses from little-known universities. This adds to the madness. Watching a team from a school with 3,000 students beat a team from a school with 30,000, for many Americans, is an exciting experience. Last year, the little-known George Mason University was one of the final four teams. Many people had never even heard of the university before the tournament. College basketball players are not paid, so the game is more about making a name for their university and themselves. But that doesn’t mean money isn’t involved. About $4 billion will be spent gambling on the event. According to Media Life magazine, the event will draw over $500 million in advertising revenue this year, topping the post-season revenue, including that of the NBA (全国篮球协会).
问答题Head injuries are often fatal, or of sufficient severity to require the hospitalization of victims. But there is a large group of people who sustain head injuries which can go undetected through ordinary medical examination. These are the people who seemingly recover from their injuries but still suffer subtle intellectual and behavioural effects that may seriously impair their ability to work and interact normally with other people. They are the victims of what experts call a “silent epidemic”. Some never lost consciousness and others never even suffered a direct blow to the head, yet brain damage occurred.
单选题AStatistics about major diseases.BSymptoms of influenza infection.CA. major epidemic of influenza.DDifferent strains of the flu virus.
单选题As a result of the epidemic of AIDS in Africa, _____.Athe life span for most of the people has been reduced by 40 yearsBmost young people have been infected with human immunodeficiency virusCpeople will have to learn to live with the disease for over 50 yearsDthe achievements made in preserving people’s health in the past will be wiped off