资料：Up to 80 per cent of the world’s middle classes will live in developing countries by 2030 thanks to surprising recent gains in poverty reduction, according to a United Nations report published on Thursday.“Never in history have the living conditions and prospects of so many people changed so dramatically and so fast.” concludes the UN’s latest Development Report. “The world is witnessing an epochal ‘global rebalancing’.”Underpinning the improvements in the human development index（HDI） was rapid growth in countries such as China, India and Brazil, with China and India having doubled per capita economic output in less than 20 years. But the study stressed that growth and improvements in HDI spread far beyond the four Bric countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China, and included at least 40 countries that had accompanied greater economic dynamism with effective poverty-reduction policies.Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Ethiopia, Rwanda and Angola were among 14 countries that have recorded gains in HDI of more than 2 per cent a year since 2000. Partly as a result, the report found that worldwide extreme income poverty has plunged from 43 per cent in 1990 to just 22 per cent in 2008, including more than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone. The report stated that such gains had already helped the world achieve the main poverty eradication goal of the so-called Millennium Development Goals, which called for the share of people living on less than $1.25 a day to be cut by half from 1990 to 2015.Underpinning this poverty reduction was developing countries’ increasing share of global trade, which grew from 25 per cent to 47 per cent between 1980 and 2010. “The south as a whole is driving global economic growth and societal change for the first time in centuries,” says the report.The report found that trade among developing countries was the biggest factor in that expansion, increasing from less than 10 per cent of total global trade to more than 30 per cent. “Trade between countries in the south will overtake that between developed nations,” the report said.“More than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone” illustrates ______.A.the economic development of China is importantB.the role of some developing countries is significant for poverty reductionC.14 countries are developing faster than ChinaD.it is crucial to make a clear goal first
资料：Up to 80 per cent of the world’s middle classes will live in developing countries by 2030 thanks to surprising recent gains in poverty reduction, according to a United Nations report published on Thursday.
“Never in history have the living conditions and prospects of so many people changed so dramatically and so fast.” concludes the UN’s latest Development Report. “The world is witnessing an epochal ‘global rebalancing’.”
Underpinning the improvements in the human development index（HDI） was rapid growth in countries such as China, India and Brazil, with China and India having doubled per capita economic output in less than 20 years. But the study stressed that growth and improvements in HDI spread far beyond the four Bric countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China, and included at least 40 countries that had accompanied greater economic dynamism with effective poverty-reduction policies.
Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Ethiopia, Rwanda and Angola were among 14 countries that have recorded gains in HDI of more than 2 per cent a year since 2000. Partly as a result, the report found that worldwide extreme income poverty has plunged from 43 per cent in 1990 to just 22 per cent in 2008, including more than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone. The report stated that such gains had already helped the world achieve the main poverty eradication goal of the so-called Millennium Development Goals, which called for the share of people living on less than $1.25 a day to be cut by half from 1990 to 2015.
Underpinning this poverty reduction was developing countries’ increasing share of global trade, which grew from 25 per cent to 47 per cent between 1980 and 2010. “The south as a whole is driving global economic growth and societal change for the first time in centuries,” says the report.
The report found that trade among developing countries was the biggest factor in that expansion, increasing from less than 10 per cent of total global trade to more than 30 per cent. “Trade between countries in the south will overtake that between developed nations,” the report said.
“More than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone” illustrates ______.
“Never in history have the living conditions and prospects of so many people changed so dramatically and so fast.” concludes the UN’s latest Development Report. “The world is witnessing an epochal ‘global rebalancing’.”
Underpinning the improvements in the human development index（HDI） was rapid growth in countries such as China, India and Brazil, with China and India having doubled per capita economic output in less than 20 years. But the study stressed that growth and improvements in HDI spread far beyond the four Bric countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China, and included at least 40 countries that had accompanied greater economic dynamism with effective poverty-reduction policies.
Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Ethiopia, Rwanda and Angola were among 14 countries that have recorded gains in HDI of more than 2 per cent a year since 2000. Partly as a result, the report found that worldwide extreme income poverty has plunged from 43 per cent in 1990 to just 22 per cent in 2008, including more than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone. The report stated that such gains had already helped the world achieve the main poverty eradication goal of the so-called Millennium Development Goals, which called for the share of people living on less than $1.25 a day to be cut by half from 1990 to 2015.
Underpinning this poverty reduction was developing countries’ increasing share of global trade, which grew from 25 per cent to 47 per cent between 1980 and 2010. “The south as a whole is driving global economic growth and societal change for the first time in centuries,” says the report.
The report found that trade among developing countries was the biggest factor in that expansion, increasing from less than 10 per cent of total global trade to more than 30 per cent. “Trade between countries in the south will overtake that between developed nations,” the report said.
“More than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone” illustrates ______.
A.the economic development of China is important
B.the role of some developing countries is significant for poverty reduction
C.14 countries are developing faster than China
D.it is crucial to make a clear goal first
B.the role of some developing countries is significant for poverty reduction
C.14 countries are developing faster than China
D.it is crucial to make a clear goal first
参考解析
解析：本题考查的是细节理解。
【关键词】More than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone
【主题句】第4自然段Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Ethiopia, Rwanda and Angola were among 14 countries that have recorded gains in HDI of more than 2 per cent a year since 2000. Partly as a result, the report found that worldwide extreme income poverty has plunged from 43 per cent in 1990 to just 22 per cent in 2008, including more than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone. 自2000年以来，有14个国家的人类发展指数出现了每年逾2%的增长，其中包括阿富汗、塞拉利昂、埃塞俄比亚、卢旺达和安哥拉。报告发现，这在一定程度上导致极端收入贫困比例从1990年的43%降至2008年的仅有22%，其中仅中国一个国家就有逾5亿人脱贫。
【解析】本题的问题是“‘其中仅中国一个国家就有逾5亿人脱贫’阐明了______”。A选项“中国的经济发展十分重要”，B选项“在扶贫工作中，一些发展中国家角色举足轻重”，C选项“14个国家比中国发展更迅速”，D选项“首先树立清晰目标至关重要”。根据主题句和第3自然段可知，发展中国家经济发展对消除世界贫困人口意义十分重大，因此，选项B正确。选项A过于片面，选项C文中没有将14个国家和中国经济发展进行比较，选项D属于主观臆断。
【关键词】More than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone
【主题句】第4自然段Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Ethiopia, Rwanda and Angola were among 14 countries that have recorded gains in HDI of more than 2 per cent a year since 2000. Partly as a result, the report found that worldwide extreme income poverty has plunged from 43 per cent in 1990 to just 22 per cent in 2008, including more than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone. 自2000年以来，有14个国家的人类发展指数出现了每年逾2%的增长，其中包括阿富汗、塞拉利昂、埃塞俄比亚、卢旺达和安哥拉。报告发现，这在一定程度上导致极端收入贫困比例从1990年的43%降至2008年的仅有22%，其中仅中国一个国家就有逾5亿人脱贫。
【解析】本题的问题是“‘其中仅中国一个国家就有逾5亿人脱贫’阐明了______”。A选项“中国的经济发展十分重要”，B选项“在扶贫工作中，一些发展中国家角色举足轻重”，C选项“14个国家比中国发展更迅速”，D选项“首先树立清晰目标至关重要”。根据主题句和第3自然段可知，发展中国家经济发展对消除世界贫困人口意义十分重大，因此，选项B正确。选项A过于片面，选项C文中没有将14个国家和中国经济发展进行比较，选项D属于主观臆断。
相关考题：
By citing the fact that "the number had shrunk to 39 out of 220" ( Line 3-4, Para.2), the author sug- gests that _______.（ ）[A] the poverty in the middle-income countries is alleviated tremendously[B] the life of children in the middle-income countries has become better[C] poor people's living conditions don't change although the number reduced[D] the financial aid to the world's poorest countries achieves great success
The best title for the text is _______.（ ）[A] The Problem of World Poverty[B] Mr. Sumner's Research of Poverty[C] The Poverty of Middle,income Countries[D] The Financial Aid of the World Poverty
共用题干American DreamsThere is a common response to America among foreign writers:the US is a land of extremes where the best of things are just as easily found as the worst. This is a cliche（陈词滥调）.In the land of black and white,people should not be too surprised to find some of the biggest gaps between the rich and the poor in the world.But the American Dream offers a way out to everyone.______(46)No class system or government stands in the way.Sadly,this old argument is no longer true.Over the past few decades there has been a fundamental shift in the structure of the American economy.The gap between the rich and the poor has widened and widened.______(47)Over the past 25 years the median US family income has gone up 18 per cent.For the top 1 per cent,however,it has gone up 200 per cent. Twenty-five years ago the top fifth of Americans had an average income 6 .7 times that of the bottom fifth.______（48)Inequalities have grown worse in different regions.In California,incomes for lower class fam-dies have fallen by 4 per cent since 1969.______(49)This has led to an economy hugely in favor of a small group of very rich Americans.The wealthiest 1 per cent of households now control a third of the national wealth.There are now 37 million Americans living in poverty. At 12.7 per cent of the population,it is the highest percentage in the developed world.Yet the tax burden on America's rich is falling,not growing.______(50)There was an economic theory holding that the rich spending more would benefit everyone as a whole.But clearly that theory has not worked in reality.______(48)A: Nobody is poor in the US.B: Thetop0.01 per cent of households has seen its tax bite fall by a full 25 percentage points since 1980.C: For upper class families they have risen 41 per cent.D: Nowitis9.8 times.E: As it does so,the possibility to cross that gap gets smaller and smafler.F: All one has to do is to work hard and climb the ladder towards the top.
共用题干第二篇 Chronic Diseases: The World's Leading KillerChronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world.Yet health experts say these conditions are often the most preventable.Chronic diseases include heart disease, stroke,cancer,diabetes（糖尿病）and lung disorders.The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million early deaths each year.This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty million people to die of chronic diseases by 2015.It says about eighty percent of the deaths will happen in developing nations.The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific area,ln ten years it could be almost three-fourths.People are getting sick in their mosteconomically productive years.In fact,experts say chronic diseases are killing more middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred thousand million dollars in the next ten years.That estimate represents the costs of medical treatment and lost productivity.Russia and lndia are also expected to face huge economic losses.Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific.Last week in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem.It says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in many countries.The report details the latest findings from nine countries.They include Brazil,Britain, Canada,China,India and Nigeria.The others are Pakistan,Russia and Tanzania.Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic（寄生的）diseases have until recently been the main killers in Asia and the Pacific.But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in most countries.Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be prevented.They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol and tobacco to young people.Also,more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and more physical activity.UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two percent each year through 2015.They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million lives.That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific. How many people in developing countries will probably die of chronic diseases by 2015?A: More than 17 million.B:More than 380 million.C: More than 304 million.D: More than 25 mullion.
共用题干第二篇 Chronic Diseases: The World's Leading KillerChronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world.Yet health experts say these conditions are often the most preventable.Chronic diseases include heart disease, stroke,cancer,diabetes（糖尿病）and lung disorders.The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million early deaths each year.This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty million people to die of chronic diseases by 2015.It says about eighty percent of the deaths will happen in developing nations.The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific area,ln ten years it could be almost three-fourths.People are getting sick in their mosteconomically productive years.In fact,experts say chronic diseases are killing more middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred thousand million dollars in the next ten years.That estimate represents the costs of medical treatment and lost productivity.Russia and lndia are also expected to face huge economic losses.Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific.Last week in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem.It says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in many countries.The report details the latest findings from nine countries.They include Brazil,Britain, Canada,China,India and Nigeria.The others are Pakistan,Russia and Tanzania.Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic（寄生的）diseases have until recently been the main killers in Asia and the Pacific.But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in most countries.Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be prevented.They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol and tobacco to young people.Also,more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and more physical activity.UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two percent each year through 2015.They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million lives.That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific. Which can NOT be learned from the passage?A: Many chronic-disease deaths are preventable.B:Chronic diseases are the major cause of death in most countries.C:Chronic diseases are killing more middle-aged people than elderly people.D: Economic gains in many countries have contributed to chronic-disease deaths.
共用题干American DreamsThere is a common response to America among foreign writers:the US is a land of extremes where the best of things are just as easily found as the worst.This is a cliché（陈词滥调）.In the land of black and white,people should not be too surprised to find some of thebiggest gaps between the rich and the poor in the world.But the American Dream offers away out to everyone.__________(1)No class system or government stands in the way.Sadly,this old argument is no longer true.Over the past few decades there has been a fundamental shift in the structure of the American economy.The gap between the rich and the poor has widened and widened._______(2)Over the past 25 years the median US family income has gone up 18 per cent.For the top 1 per cent,however,it has gone up 200 per cent.Twenty-five years ago the top fifth of Americans had an average income 6. 7 times that of the bottom fifth._________(3)Inequalities have grown worse in different regions.In California,incomes for lower class families have fallen by 4 per cent since 1969.__________(4)This has led to an economy hugely in favor of a small group of very rich Americans.The wealthiest 1 per centof households now control a third of the national wealth.There are now 37 million Americans living in poverty.At 12.7 per cent of the population,it is the highest percentage in the developed world.Yet the tax burden on America's rich is falling,not growing.__________(5)There was an economic theory holding that the rich spending more would benefit everyone as a whole.But clearly that theory has not worked in reality._________（2）A:Nobody is poor in the US.B:The top 0.01 per cent of households has seen its tax bite fall by a full 25 percentage points since 1980.C:For upper class families they have risen 41 per cent.D:Now it is 9.8 times.E:As it does so,the possibility to cross that gap gets smaller and smaller.F:All one has to do is to work hard and climb the ladder towards the top.
共用题干第二篇 Chronic Diseases: The World's Leading KillerChronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world.Yet health experts say these conditions are often the most preventable.Chronic diseases include heart disease, stroke,cancer,diabetes（糖尿病）and lung disorders.The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million early deaths each year.This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty million people to die of chronic diseases by 2015.It says about eighty percent of the deaths will happen in developing nations.The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific area,ln ten years it could be almost three-fourths.People are getting sick in their mosteconomically productive years.In fact,experts say chronic diseases are killing more middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred thousand million dollars in the next ten years.That estimate represents the costs of medical treatment and lost productivity.Russia and lndia are also expected to face huge economic losses.Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific.Last week in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem.It says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in many countries.The report details the latest findings from nine countries.They include Brazil,Britain, Canada,China,India and Nigeria.The others are Pakistan,Russia and Tanzania.Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic（寄生的）diseases have until recently been the main killers in Asia and the Pacific.But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in most countries.Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be prevented.They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol and tobacco to young people.Also,more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and more physical activity.UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two percent each year through 2015.They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million lives.That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific.Until recently the main killers in Asia and the Pacific have beenA:economic gains.B: lost productivity.C:chronic diseases.D: infectious and parasitic diseases.
资料：Up to 80 per cent of the world’s middle classes will live in developing countries by 2030 thanks to surprising recent gains in poverty reduction, according to a United Nations report published on Thursday.“Never in history have the living conditions and prospects of so many people changed so dramatically and so fast.” concludes the UN’s latest Development Report. “The world is witnessing an epochal ‘global rebalancing’.”Underpinning the improvements in the human development index（HDI） was rapid growth in countries such as China, India and Brazil, with China and India having doubled per capita economic output in less than 20 years. But the study stressed that growth and improvements in HDI spread far beyond the four Bric countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China, and included at least 40 countries that had accompanied greater economic dynamism with effective poverty-reduction policies.Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Ethiopia, Rwanda and Angola were among 14 countries that have recorded gains in HDI of more than 2 per cent a year since 2000. Partly as a result, the report found that worldwide extreme income poverty has plunged from 43 per cent in 1990 to just 22 per cent in 2008, including more than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone. The report stated that such gains had already helped the world achieve the main poverty eradication goal of the so-called Millennium Development Goals, which called for the share of people living on less than $1.25 a day to be cut by half from 1990 to 2015.Underpinning this poverty reduction was developing countries’ increasing share of global trade, which grew from 25 per cent to 47 per cent between 1980 and 2010. “The south as a whole is driving global economic growth and societal change for the first time in centuries,” says the report.The report found that trade among developing countries was the biggest factor in that expansion, increasing from less than 10 per cent of total global trade to more than 30 per cent. “Trade between countries in the south will overtake that between developed nations,” the report said.The passage mainly ______.A.discuss why developing countries are playing major roleB.illustrate a theory for poverty reductionC.explain reasons behind a reportD.interpret the role of trade for developing countries
资料：Up to 80 per cent of the world’s middle classes will live in developing countries by 2030 thanks to surprising recent gains in poverty reduction, according to a United Nations report published on Thursday.“Never in history have the living conditions and prospects of so many people changed so dramatically and so fast.” concludes the UN’s latest Development Report. “The world is witnessing an epochal ‘global rebalancing’.”Underpinning the improvements in the human development index（HDI） was rapid growth in countries such as China, India and Brazil, with China and India having doubled per capita economic output in less than 20 years. But the study stressed that growth and improvements in HDI spread far beyond the four Bric countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China, and included at least 40 countries that had accompanied greater economic dynamism with effective poverty-reduction policies.Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Ethiopia, Rwanda and Angola were among 14 countries that have recorded gains in HDI of more than 2 per cent a year since 2000. Partly as a result, the report found that worldwide extreme income poverty has plunged from 43 per cent in 1990 to just 22 per cent in 2008, including more than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone. The report stated that such gains had already helped the world achieve the main poverty eradication goal of the so-called Millennium Development Goals, which called for the share of people living on less than $1.25 a day to be cut by half from 1990 to 2015.Underpinning this poverty reduction was developing countries’ increasing share of global trade, which grew from 25 per cent to 47 per cent between 1980 and 2010. “The south as a whole is driving global economic growth and societal change for the first time in centuries,” says the report.The report found that trade among developing countries was the biggest factor in that expansion, increasing from less than 10 per cent of total global trade to more than 30 per cent. “Trade between countries in the south will overtake that between developed nations,” the report said.The word “underpinning” in the passage refers to ______.A.blockingB.undergoingC.supportingD.stressing
资料：Up to 80 per cent of the world’s middle classes will live in developing countries by 2030 thanks to surprising recent gains in poverty reduction, according to a United Nations report published on Thursday.“Never in history have the living conditions and prospects of so many people changed so dramatically and so fast.” concludes the UN’s latest Development Report. “The world is witnessing an epochal ‘global rebalancing’.”Underpinning the improvements in the human development index（HDI） was rapid growth in countries such as China, India and Brazil, with China and India having doubled per capita economic output in less than 20 years. But the study stressed that growth and improvements in HDI spread far beyond the four Bric countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China, and included at least 40 countries that had accompanied greater economic dynamism with effective poverty-reduction policies.Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Ethiopia, Rwanda and Angola were among 14 countries that have recorded gains in HDI of more than 2 per cent a year since 2000. Partly as a result, the report found that worldwide extreme income poverty has plunged from 43 per cent in 1990 to just 22 per cent in 2008, including more than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone. The report stated that such gains had already helped the world achieve the main poverty eradication goal of the so-called Millennium Development Goals, which called for the share of people living on less than $1.25 a day to be cut by half from 1990 to 2015.Underpinning this poverty reduction was developing countries’ increasing share of global trade, which grew from 25 per cent to 47 per cent between 1980 and 2010. “The south as a whole is driving global economic growth and societal change for the first time in centuries,” says the report.The report found that trade among developing countries was the biggest factor in that expansion, increasing from less than 10 per cent of total global trade to more than 30 per cent. “Trade between countries in the south will overtake that between developed nations,” the report said.All of the following are factors for poverty reduction except ______.A.greater economic dynamismB.aid from developed countriesC.changes of developing countriesD.trade among developing countries
资料： The poverty line is the minimum income that people need for an acceptable standard of living. People with incomes below the poverty line are considered poor. Economists study the causes of poverty in order to find solutions to the problem. As the general standard of living in the country rises, the poverty line does, too. Therefore, even with today’s relatively high standard of living, about 10 percent of the people in the United States are below the poverty line. However, if these people had stable jobs, they could have an acceptable standard of living. Economists suggest several reasons why poor people do not have jobs.For one thing, more than half of the poor people in the United States are not qualified to work. Over 40 percent of the poor. People are children. By law, children less than 16 years old cannot work in many industries. A large number of poor people are Old. Many companies do not hire people over 65 years old, the normal retirement age. Some poor adults do not look for jobs for a variety of personal reasons: they are sick, they do not have any motivation, they have family problems, or they do not believe that they can find a job. Other poor people look for a job but cannot find one. Many poor adults never went to high school. Therefore, when they look for jobs, they have few skills that they can offer. At the present time, the government thinks it can reduce poverty in the country in the following ways. First, if the national economy grows, businesses and industries hire more workers. Some of the poor who are qualified to look for jobs may find employment. Then they will no longer be below the poverty line. Second, if society invests in the poor, the poor will become more productive. If the government spends money on social programs, education, and training for poor people, the poor will have the skills to offer. Then it is more likely that they can find jobs. Finally, if the government distributes society's income differently, it raises some poor people above the poverty line. The government collects taxes from the non－poor and gives money to the poor. These payments to the poor are called welfare. In 1975 over 18 million people in the United States received welfare.Some economists are looking for better solutions to the poverty problem. However, at the present time, many people depend on welfare for a minimally acceptable standard of living.The author’s main purpose to write this article is_____A.to give several possible solutions to the problem of povertyB.to explain why some people in the United States are below the poverty lineC.to show sympathy for those poor peopleD.to give the definition of “poverty line”
资料：Rahul Chadha, co-chief investment officer for Hong Kong-based Mirae Asset Global Investments, has a few charts he is particularly fond of when it comes to telling a story about investing in China.One shows income growth in China. Based on the current rate of expansion, he expects the world's second-biggest economy will achieve high income status — defined as income of almost $12,500 per capita — in eight years.The second shows a ratio of household debt to gross domestic product for a number of countries. For thrifty mainland China households, the ratio is 28 per cent. That compares to India at one end of the scale at 15 per cent and the UK at the other with 90 per cent.So, based on their income and potential to borrow, the Chinese have spending power and the potential to increase it. The growing muscle of Chinese consumers is not, of course, a new investment theme when it comes to Asia. But at a time when wage growth is muted in other large economies, such as the US and the Eurozone, the situation in China is surprisingly overlooked rather than celebrated. Disposable income per household in China rose 7.3 per cent in real terms in the first half of this year. That surpasses the 6.9 per cent pace at which the economy expanded in the period. Moreover, the number of jobs created in urban areas came in at 8.55m in the first seven months of 2017, according to data from JPMorgan, not too far from the year-end target of 11m. In sharp contrast, India is generating roughly 1m jobs a year at a time when it needs to fashion 10 times more to absorb the youth streaming in from the countryside in search of a better living.It's not just the level of income that is improving in China. Its distribution is too. The government is spending more on a social safety net, and provides more by way of pensions and medicines, including medical care and education.“In a way this is catch up,” Haibin Zhu, chief China economist at JPMorgan, says of the income growth in China. “In a way it reflects the fact that the working age population is declining. But for the past 10 years income is going up for the majority of people steadily and gradually.”It's an especially notable achievement given that some of the other forces at work in the Chines economy are far from helpful. The expansion of the sharing economy and ever growing role of technology across most sectors is ultimately deflationary. Automation is increasingly displacing manufacturing jobs. At the same time, sophisticated computers are now eliminating low end service jobs.As investors survey the effects of income growth, it is the new economy, with its emphasis on services and consumption, and private companies in it, that are the beneficiaries as they cater to the appetites of a growing middle class. Mr Chadha, for example, is a fan of companies such as Ctrip, an online travel app, healthcare, insurers such as Ping An, （rather than the state owned behemoths） and internet and e-commerce firms. Ctrip for example has 75 per cent market share in online travel.What is the main idea of this passage?A.The world economy relies on China 's economyB.Chinese consumers have great potentialC.Other countries should learn from China by developing a sharing economyD.Chinese government is improving people’s lives
资料：Up to 80 per cent of the world’s middle classes will live in developing countries by 2030 thanks to surprising recent gains in poverty reduction, according to a United Nations report published on Thursday.“Never in history have the living conditions and prospects of so many people changed so dramatically and so fast.” concludes the UN’s latest Development Report. “The world is witnessing an epochal ‘global rebalancing’.”Underpinning the improvements in the human development index（HDI） was rapid growth in countries such as China, India and Brazil, with China and India having doubled per capita economic output in less than 20 years. But the study stressed that growth and improvements in HDI spread far beyond the four Bric countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China, and included at least 40 countries that had accompanied greater economic dynamism with effective poverty-reduction policies.Afghanistan, Sierra Leone, Ethiopia, Rwanda and Angola were among 14 countries that have recorded gains in HDI of more than 2 per cent a year since 2000. Partly as a result, the report found that worldwide extreme income poverty has plunged from 43 per cent in 1990 to just 22 per cent in 2008, including more than 500m being lifted out of poverty in China alone. The report stated that such gains had already helped the world achieve the main poverty eradication goal of the so-called Millennium Development Goals, which called for the share of people living on less than $1.25 a day to be cut by half from 1990 to 2015.Underpinning this poverty reduction was developing countries’ increasing share of global trade, which grew from 25 per cent to 47 per cent between 1980 and 2010. “The south as a whole is driving global economic growth and societal change for the first time in centuries,” says the report.The report found that trade among developing countries was the biggest factor in that expansion, increasing from less than 10 per cent of total global trade to more than 30 per cent. “Trade between countries in the south will overtake that between developed nations,” the report said.Why does the author mention “an epochal ‘global rebalancing’”？A.To explain the recent achievement of poverty reductionB.To conclude that the world has changed so dramaticallyC.To criticize developed countriesD.To predict that things can be better
共用题干The Joy of Living AloneMore and more Americans are living alone.Some live alone because of divorce or the death of a partner.________(1) According to a recent U. S. census（人口普查）,25 per cent of all households in the U.S.are made up of just one person.This is a dramatic change from the extended families of just a couple of generations ago.The typical person living alone is neither old nor lonely.________(2)The majority of these people have chosen to live alone.They are responding to decreasing social pressure to get married and have a family.It's now socially acceptable,even fashionable,to live alone.As people get better jobs and become financially independent,it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household._________(3)However,people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often.The number one reason given by most people for living alone is that they simply enjoy doing what they want when they want to do it."Living alone is a luxury,"says Nina Hagiwara,38."Once you do it,you can't ever go back to living with others."David C'Debaca,46,agrees.__________(4)Children think that being grown up means being able to do exactly as they please. _________(5)The chance to discover whether that freedom is as wonderful as it sounds is a chance more and more Americans are taking.________（5）A:There's more pressure to get married nowadays.B:The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone.C:However,even more people are living alone because they have chosen to.D:It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream.E:In fact,a quarter of the 23 million single people in the U. S.are under the age of 35.F:He says,"I like being by myself."
共用题干Urbanization and Its InfluenceOver half the world's people now live in cities.The latest"Global Report on Human Settlements"says a significant change took place last year. The report________(51)this week from U.N.Habitat,a United Nations agency.A century ago,________(52)than five percent of all people lived in cities.________(53) the middle of this century it could be seventy percent,or ________(54)six and a half billion people.Already three一fourths of people in________(55)countries live in cities.Now most urban population________(56)is in the developing world.Urbanization can lead to social and economic progress,but also put________(57)on cities to provide housing and________(58).The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move________(59)cities and towns each day.It says worsening inequalities,________(60)by social divisions and differences in________(61),could result in violence and crime unless cities plan better.Another issue is urban sprawl（无序扩展的城区）.This is where cities _________ (62) quickly into rural areas,sometimes________(63)a much faster rate than urban population growth.Sprawl is common in the United States. Americans move a lot.In a recent study,Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the________(64)cities to smaller ones.He sees a________(65)toward"de-urbanization"across the nation._________(62)A:expand B:invadeC:split D:enlarge
共用题干American Dreams There is a common response to American among foreign writers: the US is a land of extremes where the best of things are just as easily found as the worst. This is a cliché (陈词滥调). In the land of black and white, people should not be too surprised to find some ofthe biggest gaps between the rich and the poor in the world. But the American Dreamoffers a way out to everyone. ______(1) No class system or government standsin the way.Sadly,this old argument is no longer true,Over the past few decades there has been a fundamental shift in the s tructure of the American economy.The gap between the rich and the poor has widened and widened.______(2)Over the past 25 years the median US family income has gone up 18 per cent.For the top 1 per cent,however,it has gone up 200 per cent.Twenty-five years ago the top fifth of Americans had an average income 6.7 times that of the bottom fifth._______(3)Inequalities have grown worse in different regions.In California,incomes for lower class families have fallen by 4 per cent since 1969._______(4)This has led to an economy hugely in favor of a small group of very rich Americans.The wealthiest 1 per cent of households now control a third of the national wealth.There are now 37 million Americans living in poverty.At 12.7 per cent of the population,it is the highest percentage in the developed world.Yet the tax burden on America's rich is falling,not growing.________(5)There was an economic theory holding that the rich spending more would benefit everyone as a whole.But clearly that theory has not worked in reality._________（5）A: Nobody is poor in the US.B: The top 0.01 per cent of households has seen its tax bite fall by a full 25 percentage points since 1980.C:.For upper class families they have risen 41 per cent.D: Nowitis9.8 times.E: As it does so,the possibility to cross that gap gets smaller and smaller.F: All one has to do is to work hard and climb the ladder towards the top.
共用题干Urbanization and Its InfluenceOver half the world's people now live in cities.The latest"Global Report on Human Settlements"says a significant change took place last year. The report________(51)this week from U.N.Habitat,a United Nations agency.A century ago,________(52)than five percent of all people lived in cities.________(53) the middle of this century it could be seventy percent,or ________(54)six and a half billion people.Already three一fourths of people in________(55)countries live in cities.Now most urban population________(56)is in the developing world.Urbanization can lead to social and economic progress,but also put________(57)on cities to provide housing and________(58).The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move________(59)cities and towns each day.It says worsening inequalities,________(60)by social divisions and differences in________(61),could result in violence and crime unless cities plan better.Another issue is urban sprawl（无序扩展的城区）.This is where cities _________ (62) quickly into rural areas,sometimes________(63)a much faster rate than urban population growth.Sprawl is common in the United States. Americans move a lot.In a recent study,Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the________(64)cities to smaller ones.He sees a________(65)toward"de-urbanization"across the nation._________(54)A: really B: ever C: barely D: almost
共用题干Obesity（肥胖）in the Western WorldObesity is rapidly becoming a new problem of the western world,delegates agreed at the 1 1 th European Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday.According to statements before the opening of the conference-of 2,000 specialists from more than 50 countries-1.2 billion people worldwide are overweight, and 250 million are obese.Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said:"Obesity is a chronic illness.In Germany, 20 per cent of the people are already affected,but in Japan only one per cent."But he said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries and medication.Professor Friedrich Hopichier of Salzberg said:"We are living in the new age(but)with the metabolism （新陈代谢）of a stone-age man."" I have just been to the United States.It is really terrible.A pizza shop is spnnglng up on every corner.We have been overrun by fast food and Coca-Cola-ization."Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer.Hopichier said:"Eighty percent of all diabetics are obese,also fifty per cent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty per cent with adipose （脂肪的）tissue complaints." " Ten per cent more weight means thirteen per cent more risk of heart disease. Reducing one's weight by ten per cent leads to thirteen per cent lower blood pressure."Another expert Hermann Toplak said that the state health services should improve their financing of preventive programs."Though the health insurance pays for surgery(such as reducing the size of the stomach) when the bodymass index is more than 40.That is equivalent to a weight of 1 1 6 kilograms for a height of 1.70 meters.One should start earlier."Ludvik said that prevention shoald begin in school."Child obesity(fat deposits)correlates（与……相关）with the time which children spend in front of TV sets."The consequences were only apparent later on.No more than fifteen per cent of obese people lived to the average life expectancy for their population group.Which of the following is most often accompanied by obesity?A:Diabetes.B:High blood pressure.C:Stomachache.D:Adipose tissue complaints.
共用题干Obesity（肥胖）in the Western WorldObesity is rapidly becoming a new problem of the western world,delegates agreed at the 1 1 th European Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday.According to statements before the opening of the conference-of 2,000 specialists from more than 50 countries-1.2 billion people worldwide are overweight, and 250 million are obese.Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said:"Obesity is a chronic illness.In Germany, 20 per cent of the people are already affected,but in Japan only one per cent."But he said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries and medication.Professor Friedrich Hopichier of Salzberg said:"We are living in the new age(but)with the metabolism （新陈代谢）of a stone-age man."" I have just been to the United States.It is really terrible.A pizza shop is spnnglng up on every corner.We have been overrun by fast food and Coca-Cola-ization."Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer.Hopichier said:"Eighty percent of all diabetics are obese,also fifty per cent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty per cent with adipose （脂肪的）tissue complaints." " Ten per cent more weight means thirteen per cent more risk of heart disease. Reducing one's weight by ten per cent leads to thirteen per cent lower blood pressure."Another expert Hermann Toplak said that the state health services should improve their financing of preventive programs."Though the health insurance pays for surgery(such as reducing the size of the stomach) when the bodymass index is more than 40.That is equivalent to a weight of 1 1 6 kilograms for a height of 1.70 meters.One should start earlier."Ludvik said that prevention shoald begin in school."Child obesity(fat deposits)correlates（与……相关）with the time which children spend in front of TV sets."The consequences were only apparent later on.No more than fifteen per cent of obese people lived to the average life expectancy for their population group.Which of the following is true about obesity in Paragraph 2?A:People in Japan needn't worry about obesity.B:Obesity is a disease that lasts for a long time.C:20%of the people in the world are overweight.D:Obesity should be cured with new medication.
共用题干第一篇A New Cause of SufferingA conference on obesity（肥胖症）was recently held in Vienna. Two thousand experts from more than fifty countries attended the conference.According to statistics,1.2 billion people worldwide are overweight,and 250 million are too fat.Obesity is rapidly becoming anew cause of suffering.Professor Friedrich Hopichier of Salzberg said:"We are living in the new age but with the metabolism（新陈代谢）of a stone-age man.I have just been to the United States.It is really terrible. A pizza(比萨饼）shop is appearing on every corner. We have been occupied by fast food and Coca-Cola-ization."Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer.Hopichier said: "Eighty per cent of all diabetics（糖尿病人）are too fat,also fifty per cent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty per cent with fatty（脂肪的）tissue complaints. Ten per cent more weight means thirteen per cent more risk of heart disease.Reducing one's weight by ten per cent leads to thirteen per cent lower blood pressure."Another expert Hermann Toplak said that the state health services should improve their financing of preventive programs."The health insurance pays for surgery(such as reducing the size of the stomach)when the body-mass index（身体质量指数）is more than 40.That is equivalent to a weight of 116 kilograms for a height of 1.60 meters.One should start earlier."Toplak said that prevention should begin in school."Child obesity has a close relation with the time which children spend in front of TV sets." How many people are suffering from obesity in the world?A:250, 000,000. B:25,000,000.C:1,200, 000,000. D:120,000,000.
共用题干Obesity（肥胖）in the Western WorldObesity is rapidly becoming a new problem of the western world,delegates agreed at the 1 1 th European Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday.According to statements before the opening of the conference-of 2,000 specialists from more than 50 countries-1.2 billion people worldwide are overweight, and 250 million are obese.Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said:"Obesity is a chronic illness.In Germany, 20 per cent of the people are already affected,but in Japan only one per cent."But he said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries and medication.Professor Friedrich Hopichier of Salzberg said:"We are living in the new age(but)with the metabolism （新陈代谢）of a stone-age man."" I have just been to the United States.It is really terrible.A pizza shop is spnnglng up on every corner.We have been overrun by fast food and Coca-Cola-ization."Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer.Hopichier said:"Eighty percent of all diabetics are obese,also fifty per cent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty per cent with adipose （脂肪的）tissue complaints." " Ten per cent more weight means thirteen per cent more risk of heart disease. Reducing one's weight by ten per cent leads to thirteen per cent lower blood pressure."Another expert Hermann Toplak said that the state health services should improve their financing of preventive programs."Though the health insurance pays for surgery(such as reducing the size of the stomach) when the bodymass index is more than 40.That is equivalent to a weight of 1 1 6 kilograms for a height of 1.70 meters.One should start earlier."Ludvik said that prevention shoald begin in school."Child obesity(fat deposits)correlates（与……相关）with the time which children spend in front of TV sets."The consequences were only apparent later on.No more than fifteen per cent of obese people lived to the average life expectancy for their population group.Which of the following does Prof.Friedrich Hopichier probably agree?A:Diabetes is mainly caused by obesity.B:50%of patients with high blood pressure complained about obesity.C:The fast food supplied in American pizza shops is tasteless.D:The more one weighs,the more likely he is to suffer from heart disease.
共用题干American DreamsThere is a common response to America among foreign writers:the US is a land of extremes where the best of things are just as easily found as the worst. This is a cliche（陈词滥调）.In the land of black and white,people should not be too surprised to find some of the biggest gaps between the rich and the poor in the world.But the American Dream offers a way out to everyone._______(46)No class system or government stands in the way.Sadly,this old argument is no longer true.Over the past few decades there has been a fundamental shift in the structure of the American economy.The gap between the rich and the poor has widened and widened._______( 47)Over the past 25 years the median US family income has gone up 18 per cent. For the top 1 per cent,however,it has gone up 200 per cent. Twenty-five years ago the top fifth of Americans had an average income 6.7 times that of the bottom fifth._______(48)Inequalities have grown worse in different regions.In California,incomes for lower class families have fallen by 4 per cent since 1969._______(49)This has led to an economy hugely in favor of a small group of very rich Americans.The wealthiest 1 per cent of households now control athird of the national wealth. There are now 37 million Americans living in poverty.At 12.7 per cent of the population,it is the highest per centage in the developed world.Yet the tax burden on America's rich is falling,not growing._______(50)There was an economic theory holding that the rich spending more would benefit everyone as a whole.But clearly that theory has not worked in reality.__________（48）A:Nobody is poor in the US.B:The top 1 per cent of households has seen its tax bite fall by a full 25 percentage points since 1980.C:For upper class families they have risen 41 per cent.D:Now it is 9.8 times.E:As it does so,the possibility to cross that gap gets smaller and smaller. F: All one has to do is to work hard and climb the ladder towards the top.
There are nations whose lack of contact with the outside with the outside world has（）poverty.Afallen intoBconsisted inCresulted inDcome up to
There are nations whose lack of contact with the outside with the outside world has（）poverty.A、fallen intoB、consisted inC、resulted inD、come up to
单选题What does the world bank study show?AThe use of tobacco results in a global net loss of US $200 billion per year in the developing world.BEconomic loss caused by tobacco in the developing countries equals that of the developed countries.CHuge amount of economic loss has been incurred by closing down tobacco factories in the developing countries.DThe use of tobacco results in a global net loss of US $200 billion per year, but it does not affect the quality of life of smokers or their families.
单选题Which of the following could be an appropriate title?AEconomic Gains and the Poorer Countries’ WoesBEconomic Accomplishment of the Past CenturyCEconomic Deprivation in the Developing CountriesDA Polarized World
单选题The best title for this passage might be _____.AChina's Contribution to the Reduction of Poverty in the WorldBWorld Bank's Extraordinary Progress in Recent DecadesCIndia's Leading Role in Reducing Global PovertyDGlobal Progress in Reducing Poverty