00012英语(一) 题目列表
Good Table Manners Manners play an important part in making a favorable impression at the dinner table. Here are some general rules： Napkin （餐巾） use The meal begins when the host unfolds his or her napkin. This is your signal to do the same， so place your napkin on your lap. Unfold it completely if it is a small napkin. Or in half， lengthwise （纵向地） ，if it is a large dinner napkin. If you need to leave the table during the meal， place your napkin on your chair as a signal to your server that you will be returning. Once the meal is over， place your napkin neatly on the table to the right of your dinner plate. Do not refold it. Use a napkin only for your mouth. Never use it for your nose， face or forehead. Use of utensils （餐具） Start with the knife， fork or spoon furthest from your plate， and work your way in， using one utensil for each course. If soup is served， remember to spoon away from yourself. This helps stop the drips. Do not put the entire soup spoon in your mouth. Instead， fill a soup spoon about 75 per cent with soup， and sip（啜饮）it from the side noiselessly. After finishing dinner， place the knife and fork parallel to one another across the plate with the knife blade facing inward toward the plate. Using your fingers Here's a list of finger foods： sandwiches， cookies， small fruits or berries with stems， French fries and potato chips， and hamburgers. Chew（咀嚼）with your mouth closed and don't make noise； don't talk with your mouth full. Bread must be broken with your hands. It is never cut with a knife. Don't pick something Out of your teeth. Instead， excuse yourself to the bathroom. If possible， try not to cough at the table. Do not put your elbows （肘） on the table. In France， it is essential to have both hands above the table at the same time. Do not put bones or anything else on the table. Things that are not eaten should be put on your plate.Which utensil is used first？（）A、The knifeB、The forkC、The spoonD、The one farthest from the plate
Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically. ② NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active， contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drags use them in a responsible. ③ Nevertheless， overuse of drugs such as opioids， central nervous system（CNS） depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide， particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults， teenagers arid women. ④ Though it may be a surprise to many， the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University， North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population， those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs， 70% were women who had overused medicines. ⑤ Unfortunately， this trend among women does not only affect those aged over. In general， among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition， statistics compiled for 12 —17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers， tranquillizers， stimulants and sedatives.Paragraph②（）.A、Drug overuse and its consequenceB、The problem of drug overuse in AmericaC、Benefits of medicine and its wise useD、Female drug overuse with reference to that of malesE、Misuse of medicine among the young generationF、Improper use of medicine among senior citizens
A Bridge for Squirrels San Francisco has its cable cars. Seattle has its Space Needle. And， Longview has its squirrel bridge. The bridge， which has attracted international attention， is now a local landmark. The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in 1963 by a local builder， Amos Peters， to give squirrels a way to cross the busy road without getting flattened by passing cars. The original bridge was built over Olympia Way on the west edge of the library grounds. Before the bridge was built， squirrels had to avoid traffic to and from the Park Plaza office building where office staff put out a nutty feast for the squirrels. Many times， Peters and others who worked in and near Park Plaza witnessed squirrels being run over. One day Peters found a dead squirrel with a nut still in its mouth， and that day's coffee break discussion turned into squirrel safety. The group of businessmen cooked up the squirrel bridge idea and formed a committee to ask the blessing of the City Council （市政会）.The Council approved， and Councilwoman Bess LaRiviere jokingly named the bridge "Nutty Narrows". After architects designed the bridge， Amos Peters and Bill Hutch started construction. They built the 60-foot bridge from aluminum and lengths of fire hose （消防水带）. It cost 1000. It didn't take long before reports of squirrels using the bridge started. Squirrels were even seen guiding their young and teaching them the ropes. The story was picked up by the media， and Nutty Narrows became known in newspapers all over the world. In 1983， after 20 years of use， Peters took down the worn-out bridge. Repairs were made and crosspieces were replaced. The faded sign was repainted and in July 1983， hundreds of animal lovers attended the completion ceremony of the new bridge. Peters died in 1984 ，and a ten-foot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder and his devotion to the project.What can we learn about Amos Peters？（） A、He is remembered for his love of animalsB、He donated 1000→buildthebridC、He was a member of the City CouncilD、He was awarded a medal for building the bridge
Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically. ② NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active， contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drags use them in a responsible. ③ Nevertheless， overuse of drugs such as opioids， central nervous system（CNS） depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide， particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults， teenagers arid women. ④ Though it may be a surprise to many， the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University， North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population， those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs， 70% were women who had overused medicines. ⑤ Unfortunately， this trend among women does not only affect those aged over. In general， among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition， statistics compiled for 12 —17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers， tranquillizers， stimulants and sedatives.Paragraph②（）.A、Drug overuse and its consequenceB、The problem of drug overuse in AmericaC、Benefits of medicine and its wise useD、Female drug overuse with reference to that of malesE、Misuse of medicine among the young generationF、Improper use of medicine among senior citizens
A Bridge for Squirrels San Francisco has its cable cars. Seattle has its Space Needle. And， Longview has its squirrel bridge. The bridge， which has attracted international attention， is now a local landmark. The Nutty Narrows Bridge was built in 1963 by a local builder， Amos Peters， to give squirrels a way to cross the busy road without getting flattened by passing cars. The original bridge was built over Olympia Way on the west edge of the library grounds. Before the bridge was built， squirrels had to avoid traffic to and from the Park Plaza office building where office staff put out a nutty feast for the squirrels. Many times， Peters and others who worked in and near Park Plaza witnessed squirrels being run over. One day Peters found a dead squirrel with a nut still in its mouth， and that day's coffee break discussion turned into squirrel safety. The group of businessmen cooked up the squirrel bridge idea and formed a committee to ask the blessing of the City Council （市政会）.The Council approved， and Councilwoman Bess LaRiviere jokingly named the bridge "Nutty Narrows". After architects designed the bridge， Amos Peters and Bill Hutch started construction. They built the 60-foot bridge from aluminum and lengths of fire hose （消防水带）. It cost 1000. It didn't take long before reports of squirrels using the bridge started. Squirrels were even seen guiding their young and teaching them the ropes. The story was picked up by the media， and Nutty Narrows became known in newspapers all over the world. In 1983， after 20 years of use， Peters took down the worn-out bridge. Repairs were made and crosspieces were replaced. The faded sign was repainted and in July 1983， hundreds of animal lovers attended the completion ceremony of the new bridge. Peters died in 1984 ，and a ten-foot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder and his devotion to the project.What happened over the coffee break discussion？（） A、The committee got the Council's blessingB、The squirrel bridge idea was bornC、A councilwoman named the bridgeD、A squirrel was found dead
Camping Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and， at its best， it makes little environmental influence. But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness， it is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusively （不引人注目地） and leave no mark. Wild camping is not permitted in many places， particularly in crowded lowland Britain. Wherever you are， find out about organizations responsible for managing wild spaces， and contact them to find out their policy on camping and shelter building. For example， it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland， but in England you must ask the landowner's permission， except in national parks. Camping is about having relaxation， sleeping outdoors， experiencing bad weather， and making do without modern conveniences. A busy， fully-equipped campsite （野营地） seems to go against this， so seek out smaller， more remote places with easy access to open spaces and perhaps beaches. Better still， find a campsite with no road access： walking in makes a real adventure. Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to guaranteeing a good night's sleep. Choose a campsite with privacy and minimum influence on others and the environment. Try to use an area where people have obviously camped before rather than creating a new spot. When camping in woodland， a void standing dead trees， which may fall on a windy night. Avoid animal runs and caves， and possible homes of biting insects. Make sure you have most protection on the windward side. If you make a fire， do so downwind of your shelter， always consider what influence you might have on the natural world. Avoid damaging plants. A good campsite is found， not made — changing it should be unnecessary.Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given
Trying to Find a Partner One of the most striking findings of a recent poll in the UK is that of the people interviewed， one in two believes that it is becoming more difficult to meet someone to start a family with. Why are many finding it increasingly difficult to start and sustain intimate relationships？ Does modern life really make it harder to fall in love？ Or are we making it harder for ourselves？ It is certainly the case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways from relationships. Women no longer rely upon partners for economic security or status. A man doesn't expect his spouse to be in sole charge of running his household and raising his children. But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence. In theory， finding a partner should be much simpler these days. Only a few generations ago， your choice of soulmate （心上人） was constrained by geography， social convention and family tradition. Although it was never explicit， many marriages were essentially arranged. Now those barriers have been broken down. You can approach a builder or a brain surgeon in any bar in any city on any given evening. When the world is your oyster （牡蛎） ，you surely have a better chance of finding a pearl. But it seems that the old conventions have been replaced by an even tighter constraint： the tyranny of choice. The expectations of partners are inflated to an unmanageable degree： good looks， impressive salary， kind to grandmother， and right socks. There is no room for error in the first impression. We think that a relationship can be perfect. If it isn't， it is disposable. We work to protect ourselves against future heartache and don't put in the hard emotional labor needed to build a strong relationship. Of course， this is complicated by realities. The cost of housing and child-rearing creates pressure to have a stable income and career before a life partnership.Which of the following is NOT expected of a partner according to this passage？（）A、Good looks.B、An impressive career.C、A high salary.D、A fine sense of humor.
Drug Overuse ① Nowadays,millions of people misuse and even overuse pain medications and other drugs. Research by the American National Institute on Drug Abuse （NIDA， 1999） shows that around 2% of the population over age 12 were using drugs non-medically. ② NIDA views medications as a powerful force for good in the contemporary world. They reduce and remove pain for millions of people suffering from illness and disease. They make it possible for doctors to perform complicated surgery to save lives. Many people afflicted by serious medical conditions are able to control their symptoms and become active， contributing citizens. NIDA points out that most individuals who take these drags use them in a responsible. ③ Nevertheless， overuse of drugs such as opioids， central nervous system（CNS） depressants and stimulants does lead to harmful reliance in some people and is therefore becoming a serious public health concern. Although this abuse affects many people worldwide， particular trends of concern to the medical profession in the US appear among older adults， teenagers arid women. ④ Though it may be a surprise to many， the misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. Dr Kenneth Schrader of Duke University， North Carolina states that although the elderly represent about 13% of the US population， those aged 65 and over account for the consumption of one third of all drugs. People in this age group use medications roughly three times more than the general population and have poorer compliance with instruction for use. In another study of elderly patients admitted to treatment programs， 70% were women who had overused medicines. ⑤ Unfortunately， this trend among women does not only affect those aged over. In general， among women and men who are using either an anti-anxiety drug or a sedative， women are twice as likely to become addicted. In addition， statistics compiled for 12 —17 year olds show that teenage girls are more likely than teenage boys to begin overusing psychotherapeutic medication such as painkillers， tranquillizers， stimulants and sedatives.Teenage girls are more likely than（）to begin psychotherapeutic medication overusing.A、teenage boysB、from diseasesC、get addictedD、the record of medicines overusingE、use instructionF、are alien and utterly foreign
Research Is a State of Mind For many years there has been much misunderstanding as to just what research is. The popular conception seems to be that there is something mysterious about it， and before any research can be done it is necessary to have expensive scientific apparatus and large， elaborately equipped laboratories. Actually， this is not so. （6） It is a simple， organized way of trying to accomplish something you wish to do—so simple that anyone can do research anywhere at any time. First， you select the problem you would like to solve， then you list at least ten reasons why it has not been solved. （7） It takes just as much effort to solve a useless problem as a useful one. （8） After carefully—and I want to emphasize that word “carefully”—selecting the problem and the ten things between you and the solution， you then use the same procedure as in solving a crossword puzzle.（9）In the solution of the remaining obstacles you may need some simple apparatus， but the things you will probably need most are infinite patience and persistence. Few people realize the difficulties of doing any new thing. Maybe one of the reasons people are so easily discouraged is because of their education. During all our years at school we were examined two or three times a year. If we failed once， we were out. （10）If we are going to make progress， we must learn to fail intelligently so that we won't become discouraged at the 99.9 per cent failure.7.（）A、Make sure the game is worth the candle.B、That is a step in the right direction， but I don't believe it is enough.C、You take the easy obstacles first and by a process of elimination you eventually arrive at the one or two major ones.D、But in selecting the problem， you need to be sure to analyze it carefully to see that it is worth the effort.E、Research isn't a physical thing at all； it's a state of mind.F、By contrast， all research work is 99. 9 per cent failure and， if we succeed once， we are in.
Camping Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and， at its best， it makes little environmental influence. But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness， it is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusively （不引人注目地） and leave no mark. Wild camping is not permitted in many places， particularly in crowded lowland Britain. Wherever you are， find out about organizations responsible for managing wild spaces， and contact them to find out their policy on camping and shelter building. For example， it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland， but in England you must ask the landowner's permission， except in national parks. Camping is about having relaxation， sleeping outdoors， experiencing bad weather， and making do without modern conveniences. A busy， fully-equipped campsite （野营地） seems to go against this， so seek out smaller， more remote places with easy access to open spaces and perhaps beaches. Better still， find a campsite with no road access： walking in makes a real adventure. Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to guaranteeing a good night's sleep. Choose a campsite with privacy and minimum influence on others and the environment. Try to use an area where people have obviously camped before rather than creating a new spot. When camping in woodland， a void standing dead trees， which may fall on a windy night. Avoid animal runs and caves， and possible homes of biting insects. Make sure you have most protection on the windward side. If you make a fire， do so downwind of your shelter， always consider what influence you might have on the natural world. Avoid damaging plants. A good campsite is found， not made — changing it should be unnecessary.In England you must ask the landowner's permission for camping， except in national parks.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given
Advertising to Children （1） Not only are they easily swayed by advertising， they are also persuasive in encouraging their parents to buy a product. If a child wants something in their kid's locker， they will prod and annoy their parents until they get what they want.（2）All it takes is a little suggestion from a single advertisement to send them on their way. （3） In a campaign entitled "Kids are the Star"， its employees were encouraged to pay special attention to children and to make sure they had a positive experience while eating at its restaurants. The reason for this， naturally， was not that the McDonald's corporation cared deeply about the well-being of children everywhere， but that the pester-power that children have is extraordinarily effective at bringing their parents back for more visits. The way that advertisers target children is simple big， bright lights， happy people and animated characters are all that is needed to encourage children to think a certain product is something they want. （4）They do not realize that Ronald McDonald is just a guy in a Costum and make-up， and that behind the counter of every McDonald's is a bunch of kids working in uncomfortable conditions for low pay. This poses a real moral dilemma for those who make the advertising decisions， or at least it should. （5）How do you say no to an opportunity to reach such a wide audience of children， who act as advertisers themselves when they encourage other children and their parents to buy a particular product？5.（）A、While manipulating children into believing lies， especially encouraging them to eat unhealthy foods， is obviously bad， the purpose of business is to make moneyB、The superficial reactions children get from eating McDonald's last about as long as they are at the placeC、McDonald's at one stage advised employees to specifically target childrenD、Children are a prime target for advertisers and salesmen across the worldE、Anyone who has seen a child pester its parents knows the lengths children can go toF、This is because children are naive； they genuinely believe what an advertiser tells them
Camping Camping wild is a wonderful way to experience the natural world and， at its best， it makes little environmental influence. But with increasing numbers of people wanting to escape into the wilderness， it is becoming more and more important to camp unobtrusively （不引人注目地） and leave no mark. Wild camping is not permitted in many places， particularly in crowded lowland Britain. Wherever you are， find out about organizations responsible for managing wild spaces， and contact them to find out their policy on camping and shelter building. For example， it is fine to camp wild in remote parts of Scotland， but in England you must ask the landowner's permission， except in national parks. Camping is about having relaxation， sleeping outdoors， experiencing bad weather， and making do without modern conveniences. A busy， fully-equipped campsite （野营地） seems to go against this， so seek out smaller， more remote places with easy access to open spaces and perhaps beaches. Better still， find a campsite with no road access： walking in makes a real adventure. Finding the right spot to camp is the first step to guaranteeing a good night's sleep. Choose a campsite with privacy and minimum influence on others and the environment. Try to use an area where people have obviously camped before rather than creating a new spot. When camping in woodland， a void standing dead trees， which may fall on a windy night. Avoid animal runs and caves， and possible homes of biting insects. Make sure you have most protection on the windward side. If you make a fire， do so downwind of your shelter， always consider what influence you might have on the natural world. Avoid damaging plants. A good campsite is found， not made — changing it should be unnecessary.In England you must ask the landowner's permission for camping， except in national parks.（）A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given
Majored Finance An increase in students （11）to study economics at university is being attributed to （归因于）the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the（12）system works. Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January， according to UCAS， the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. A（13）for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were also up. Professor John Beath， the president of the society and a leading lecturer at St Andrews University， said his first-year lectures—which are open to students from all departments—were （14）crowds of 400， rather than the usual 250. "There are a large number of students who are not （15）majors， who would like to learn something about it. One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary （16）in a way that one hasn't traditionally done，" he added. University applications rose 7% last year. But there were rises above average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15% jump， with people's renewed interest in （17）in the public sector （部门） ，which are seen as more secure in economic crisis. A recent study showed almost two thirds of parents （18）schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters， and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on， although a （19）of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain. Zack Hocking， the head of child trust funds， said： "It's possible that one good thing to（20）from the downturn will be a generation that's financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money through times of economic uncertainty."15.（）A、financialB、applyingC、careersD、minorityE、drawingF、economicsG、believedH、purposeI、spokesmanJ、eventsK、eventsL、professional
Majored Finance An increase in students （11）to study economics at university is being attributed to （归因于）the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the（12）system works. Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January， according to UCAS， the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. A（13）for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were also up. Professor John Beath， the president of the society and a leading lecturer at St Andrews University， said his first-year lectures—which are open to students from all departments—were （14）crowds of 400， rather than the usual 250. "There are a large number of students who are not （15）majors， who would like to learn something about it. One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary （16）in a way that one hasn't traditionally done，" he added. University applications rose 7% last year. But there were rises above average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15% jump， with people's renewed interest in （17）in the public sector （部门） ，which are seen as more secure in economic crisis. A recent study showed almost two thirds of parents （18）schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters， and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on， although a （19）of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain. Zack Hocking， the head of child trust funds， said： "It's possible that one good thing to（20）from the downturn will be a generation that's financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money through times of economic uncertainty."20.（）A、financialB、applyingC、careersD、minorityE、drawingF、economicsG、believedH、purposeI、spokesmanJ、eventsK、eventsL、professional
Good Table Manners Manners play an important part in making a favorable impression at the dinner table. Here are some general rules： Napkin （餐巾） use The meal begins when the host unfolds his or her napkin. This is your signal to do the same， so place your napkin on your lap. Unfold it completely if it is a small napkin. Or in half， lengthwise （纵向地） ，if it is a large dinner napkin. If you need to leave the table during the meal， place your napkin on your chair as a signal to your server that you will be returning. Once the meal is over， place your napkin neatly on the table to the right of your dinner plate. Do not refold it. Use a napkin only for your mouth. Never use it for your nose， face or forehead. Use of utensils （餐具） Start with the knife， fork or spoon furthest from your plate， and work your way in， using one utensil for each course. If soup is served， remember to spoon away from yourself. This helps stop the drips. Do not put the entire soup spoon in your mouth. Instead， fill a soup spoon about 75 per cent with soup， and sip（啜饮）it from the side noiselessly. After finishing dinner， place the knife and fork parallel to one another across the plate with the knife blade facing inward toward the plate. Using your fingers Here's a list of finger foods： sandwiches， cookies， small fruits or berries with stems， French fries and potato chips， and hamburgers. Chew（咀嚼）with your mouth closed and don't make noise； don't talk with your mouth full. Bread must be broken with your hands. It is never cut with a knife. Don't pick something Out of your teeth. Instead， excuse yourself to the bathroom. If possible， try not to cough at the table. Do not put your elbows （肘） on the table. In France， it is essential to have both hands above the table at the same time. Do not put bones or anything else on the table. Things that are not eaten should be put on your plate.Which of the following shows good table manners？（）A、Talking with your mouth fullB、Putting bones on your plateC、Putting your elbows on the tableD、Chewing with your month open