The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher ( ) A.Paul Revere B.John Locke C.Comwallis D.Frederick Douglass
The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher ( )
A.Paul Revere
B.John Locke
C.Comwallis
D.Frederick Douglass
B.John Locke
C.Comwallis
D.Frederick Douglass
参考解析
解析：美国历史。考查《独立宣言》源自于哪位英国哲学家的思想。约翰·洛克(John Locke，1632-1704)是英国著名的哲学家和政治学家。《政府论》(Two Treatises of Government)是他的代表作，上篇主要批评君权神授理论，下篇主要从自然权利和社会契约理论出发，论述了政府的起源、范围和目的。洛克在《政府论》中提出：“人类天生都是自由、平等和独立的，如未得到本人的同意，不能把任何人置于这种状态之外，使其受制于另一个人的政治权力……他们的政治社会都起源于资源的结合和人民自由地选择他们的统治者和政府形式的相互协议。”《独立宣言》继承并发展了洛克的天赋人权学说，认为人人生而平等，“生命、自由和追求幸福的权利”是大自然所赋予的，不可剥夺。
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