Text 2 Google or,technically,Alphabet,the holding company that the firm established in 2015,has its fingers in many fields.But the company's main business,which pays for all ofits spending elsewhere,is digital advertising,which in 2017 accounted for more than 86%ofits$lllbn revenue.It may seem odd,then,that Google's latest move is to aid ad-blocking.On February 15th,Chrome,its web browser,which has a 59%market share,switched on code to block certain online advertisements.In doing so it joins an established trend.Third-party ad-blocking software is available already for Chrome but only for its desktop version.As well as being built in and thus on by default,the new blocker will work on smartphones.Web publishers will not welcome another threat to the efficacy of advertising,their main source ofincome.Google at least promises that only pages which display the most annoying ads-those that automatically play videos with sound,for instance-will fall foul ofits new filter.What counts as annoying is defined by the Coalition for Better Ads,a group of advertisers,technology firms and other companies of which Google is a member.The online-ad industry has over the years developed an unusually hostile relationship with those to whom its products are served.In the early days of the internet,jiggling,brightly coloured animations were common.Pop-up advertisements,some of them uncloseable,became so prevalent that browsers such as Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator were modified to try to stop them.Ads may be more sophisticated now but still find ways to irritate.Dodgy ones are a popular delivery route for malware.The ad industry,indeed,is in an arms race with blocker-writers.Many sites now try to detect ad-blockers,and force users to disable them if they want to visit websites.The ad-blockers have retaliated with techniques to dodge the detectors,and so on.Google's move thus looks like an attempt to save online advertising from itself.It is also launching a service called"Funding Choices"that is designed to allow website operators to invite people who use ad-blockers to pay small amounts to view their pages instead.Its new products could land it in trouble.Margrethe Vestager,the European Union's competition chief,tweeted last year that she would be"closely"following the firm's ad-filtering efforts.The worry is that by defining what counts as an acceptable ad Google will amass still more power over online advertising.The European Commission fined it 2.4bn（$2.9bn）in 2017 for giving its price-comparison shopping service preferential treatment in search results over rival offerings.It was unclear that users of such services lost out much.Consumers also have lots to gain if Chrome can help stem the ad onslaught.29.Which of the following is true about Paragraphs 3 and 4?A.Animations and pop-up ads were acceptable in the past.B.The uncloseability of ads goes beyond the limits of browsers.C.Ad-blockers fight back with dodging techniques against blocking detectors.D.Google launches"Funding Choices"to stop the race with web-users.
Text 2 Google or,technically,Alphabet,the holding company that the firm established in 2015,has its fingers in many fields.But the company's main business,which pays for all ofits spending elsewhere,is digital advertising,which in 2017 accounted for more than 86%ofits$lllbn revenue.It may seem odd,then,that Google's latest move is to aid ad-blocking.On February 15th,Chrome,its web browser,which has a 59%market share,switched on code to block certain online advertisements.In doing so it joins an established trend.Third-party ad-blocking software is available already for Chrome but only for its desktop version.As well as being built in and thus on by default,the new blocker will work on smartphones.Web publishers will not welcome another threat to the efficacy of advertising,their main source ofincome.Google at least promises that only pages which display the most annoying ads-those that automatically play videos with sound,for instance-will fall foul ofits new filter.What counts as annoying is defined by the Coalition for Better Ads,a group of advertisers,technology firms and other companies of which Google is a member.The online-ad industry has over the years developed an unusually hostile relationship with those to whom its products are served.In the early days of the internet,jiggling,brightly coloured animations were common.Pop-up advertisements,some of them uncloseable,became so prevalent that browsers such as Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator were modified to try to stop them.Ads may be more sophisticated now but still find ways to irritate.Dodgy ones are a popular delivery route for malware.The ad industry,indeed,is in an arms race with blocker-writers.Many sites now try to detect ad-blockers,and force users to disable them if they want to visit websites.The ad-blockers have retaliated with techniques to dodge the detectors,and so on.Google's move thus looks like an attempt to save online advertising from itself.It is also launching a service called"Funding Choices"that is designed to allow website operators to invite people who use ad-blockers to pay small amounts to view their pages instead.Its new products could land it in trouble.Margrethe Vestager,the European Union's competition chief,tweeted last year that she would be"closely"following the firm's ad-filtering efforts.The worry is that by defining what counts as an acceptable ad Google will amass still more power over online advertising.The European Commission fined it 2.4bn（$2.9bn）in 2017 for giving its price-comparison shopping service preferential treatment in search results over rival offerings.It was unclear that users of such services lost out much.Consumers also have lots to gain if Chrome can help stem the ad onslaught.29.Which of the following is true about Paragraphs 3 and 4?
A.Animations and pop-up ads were acceptable in the past.
B.The uncloseability of ads goes beyond the limits of browsers.
C.Ad-blockers fight back with dodging techniques against blocking detectors.
D.Google launches"Funding Choices"to stop the race with web-users.
B.The uncloseability of ads goes beyond the limits of browsers.
C.Ad-blockers fight back with dodging techniques against blocking detectors.
D.Google launches"Funding Choices"to stop the race with web-users.
参考解析
解析：推理判断题。根据题干定位到文章第三段和第四段。原文提到“许多网站现在都试图检测广告拦截器，并迫使用户在访问网站时禁用它们。广告拦截器则用躲避探测器等技术进行报复”，C项符合文义，故C项为正确选项。【干扰排除】文中用common一词来形容animations，并未提到acceptable，故A项错误；原文提到弹出式广告（有些是无法关闭的）如此普遍，一些浏览器修改程序以试图阻止它们．B项内容与原文不符；第四段最后两句提到“因此，谷歌的这一举措看起来像是试图通过自己拯救在线广告。它还推出了一项名为‘资金选择’的服务，旨在让网站运营商要求那些使用广告拦截器的用户支付少量费用来浏览他们的网页”．D项与原文不符。
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听力原文：Although the said company is a sun-rising firm, its accounting management should be improved before the loan is extended to it.(9)A．The company is a sun-rising firm so it is worthwhile to extend the loan.B．The company has some accounting problems, some improvement is needed.C．The company is short of funds because it is sun-rising.D．The company has some accounting problems because it is sun-rising.
Text 2 Google or,technically,Alphabet,the holding company that the firm established in 2015,has its fingers in many fields.But the company's main business,which pays for all ofits spending elsewhere,is digital advertising,which in 2017 accounted for more than 86%ofits$lllbn revenue.It may seem odd,then,that Google's latest move is to aid ad-blocking.On February 15th,Chrome,its web browser,which has a 59%market share,switched on code to block certain online advertisements.In doing so it joins an established trend.Third-party ad-blocking software is available already for Chrome but only for its desktop version.As well as being built in and thus on by default,the new blocker will work on smartphones.Web publishers will not welcome another threat to the efficacy of advertising,their main source ofincome.Google at least promises that only pages which display the most annoying ads-those that automatically play videos with sound,for instance-will fall foul ofits new filter.What counts as annoying is defined by the Coalition for Better Ads,a group of advertisers,technology firms and other companies of which Google is a member.The online-ad industry has over the years developed an unusually hostile relationship with those to whom its products are served.In the early days of the internet,jiggling,brightly coloured animations were common.Pop-up advertisements,some of them uncloseable,became so prevalent that browsers such as Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator were modified to try to stop them.Ads may be more sophisticated now but still find ways to irritate.Dodgy ones are a popular delivery route for malware.The ad industry,indeed,is in an arms race with blocker-writers.Many sites now try to detect ad-blockers,and force users to disable them if they want to visit websites.The ad-blockers have retaliated with techniques to dodge the detectors,and so on.Google's move thus looks like an attempt to save online advertising from itself.It is also launching a service called"Funding Choices"that is designed to allow website operators to invite people who use ad-blockers to pay small amounts to view their pages instead.Its new products could land it in trouble.Margrethe Vestager,the European Union's competition chief,tweeted last year that she would be"closely"following the firm's ad-filtering efforts.The worry is that by defining what counts as an acceptable ad Google will amass still more power over online advertising.The European Commission fined it 2.4bn（$2.9bn）in 2017 for giving its price-comparison shopping service preferential treatment in search results over rival offerings.It was unclear that users of such services lost out much.Consumers also have lots to gain if Chrome can help stem the ad onslaught.27.Who will be most threatened by ad-blocking?A.Web publishers.B.A third party.C.Intemet users.D.Sofiware developers.
The information commissioner gave Facebook a rap over the knuckles earlier this month,putting the company on notice of likely fines-the equivalent of a few minutes'revenue-for breaches of privacy.On Wednesday the European commission gave Google a vigorous correction,fining it￠4.3 billion for abusing its market dominance with the AndrOJd operating system which powers the overwhelming majority of the world's mobile phones.Google is appealing.The billions of euros at stake aside,it is easy to see why.Google gives most of Android away,not only to the consumers who use it,but to the companies that build their phones around it.As the company points out,there are more than 24,000 competing Android phones available today,from 1,300 companies.How can that possibly constitute a harmful monopoly?Besides,Google has real competition in the smartphone world from Apple.At the same time,these are exactly the factors that make the commission's decision so interesLing and significant.For Google's business to work,it must become as easy as possible for advertisers to reach users.That is the purpose of all the software that Google gives away,from the Android operating system,through to YouTube,Google search on phones and the Chrome browser.This might look like a cross-subsidy,but on the other hand it is the heart of the company's business.The software that Google gives away is not designed to make a profit on its own.This free version does not include the bits that make a phone useful for anything but making telephone calls,and this was the weak spot in Google's defence.None of the enticements-the mail,the search,the maps and the browser-are included.These can only be used with a proprietary chunk of software that Google controls;and manufacturers who want to use the Play store and 11 crucial Google apps must agree not to build so much as a single phone that does not include them.It is all or nothing.This licensing trick is the way in which Google has undoubtedly limited competition.The commission's decision to punish it probably comes too late to undo the damage it has done.All digital businesses tend towards a monopoly,and this is in part because in some important ways they benefit consumers more the larger they grow.Yet as customers we pay for this in other ways and as citizens even more so,not least because the companies fattened by monopoly profits grow too large to fail and too powerful to challenge.There is a public interest in preventing any company from acquiring almost unlimited power.Regulation defends democracy.Which of the following is true of Google's licensing trick?A.It is of great use to some users,but of little use to others.B.It offers many enticing functions to Android users for free.C.It imposes a restriction on manufacturers'choice of appsD.It may help Google escape punishment from the commission.
Text 2 Google or,technically,Alphabet,the holding company that the firm established in 2015,has its fingers in many fields.But the company's main business,which pays for all ofits spending elsewhere,is digital advertising,which in 2017 accounted for more than 86%ofits$lllbn revenue.It may seem odd,then,that Google's latest move is to aid ad-blocking.On February 15th,Chrome,its web browser,which has a 59%market share,switched on code to block certain online advertisements.In doing so it joins an established trend.Third-party ad-blocking software is available already for Chrome but only for its desktop version.As well as being built in and thus on by default,the new blocker will work on smartphones.Web publishers will not welcome another threat to the efficacy of advertising,their main source ofincome.Google at least promises that only pages which display the most annoying ads-those that automatically play videos with sound,for instance-will fall foul ofits new filter.What counts as annoying is defined by the Coalition for Better Ads,a group of advertisers,technology firms and other companies of which Google is a member.The online-ad industry has over the years developed an unusually hostile relationship with those to whom its products are served.In the early days of the internet,jiggling,brightly coloured animations were common.Pop-up advertisements,some of them uncloseable,became so prevalent that browsers such as Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator were modified to try to stop them.Ads may be more sophisticated now but still find ways to irritate.Dodgy ones are a popular delivery route for malware.The ad industry,indeed,is in an arms race with blocker-writers.Many sites now try to detect ad-blockers,and force users to disable them if they want to visit websites.The ad-blockers have retaliated with techniques to dodge the detectors,and so on.Google's move thus looks like an attempt to save online advertising from itself.It is also launching a service called"Funding Choices"that is designed to allow website operators to invite people who use ad-blockers to pay small amounts to view their pages instead.Its new products could land it in trouble.Margrethe Vestager,the European Union's competition chief,tweeted last year that she would be"closely"following the firm's ad-filtering efforts.The worry is that by defining what counts as an acceptable ad Google will amass still more power over online advertising.The European Commission fined it 2.4bn（$2.9bn）in 2017 for giving its price-comparison shopping service preferential treatment in search results over rival offerings.It was unclear that users of such services lost out much.Consumers also have lots to gain if Chrome can help stem the ad onslaught.28.What does Google's new blocker refer to?A.The smartphone.B.Coalition for Better Ads.C.The new filter.D.Chrome.
The information commissioner gave Facebook a rap over the knuckles earlier this month,putting the company on notice of likely fines-the equivalent of a few minutes'revenue-for breaches of privacy.On Wednesday the European commission gave Google a vigorous correction,fining it￠4.3 billion for abusing its market dominance with the AndrOJd operating system which powers the overwhelming majority of the world's mobile phones.Google is appealing.The billions of euros at stake aside,it is easy to see why.Google gives most of Android away,not only to the consumers who use it,but to the companies that build their phones around it.As the company points out,there are more than 24,000 competing Android phones available today,from 1,300 companies.How can that possibly constitute a harmful monopoly?Besides,Google has real competition in the smartphone world from Apple.At the same time,these are exactly the factors that make the commission's decision so interesLing and significant.For Google's business to work,it must become as easy as possible for advertisers to reach users.That is the purpose of all the software that Google gives away,from the Android operating system,through to YouTube,Google search on phones and the Chrome browser.This might look like a cross-subsidy,but on the other hand it is the heart of the company's business.The software that Google gives away is not designed to make a profit on its own.This free version does not include the bits that make a phone useful for anything but making telephone calls,and this was the weak spot in Google's defence.None of the enticements-the mail,the search,the maps and the browser-are included.These can only be used with a proprietary chunk of software that Google controls;and manufacturers who want to use the Play store and 11 crucial Google apps must agree not to build so much as a single phone that does not include them.It is all or nothing.This licensing trick is the way in which Google has undoubtedly limited competition.The commission's decision to punish it probably comes too late to undo the damage it has done.All digital businesses tend towards a monopoly,and this is in part because in some important ways they benefit consumers more the larger they grow.Yet as customers we pay for this in other ways and as citizens even more so,not least because the companies fattened by monopoly profits grow too large to fail and too powerful to challenge.There is a public interest in preventing any company from acquiring almost unlimited power.Regulation defends democracy.Google gives away certain software toA.respond actively io the commission's decision.B.make itself easily accessible to advertisers.C.draw people into its advertising ecosystem.D.avoid distractions from its core business.
Text 2 Google or,technically,Alphabet,the holding company that the firm established in 2015,has its fingers in many fields.But the company's main business,which pays for all ofits spending elsewhere,is digital advertising,which in 2017 accounted for more than 86%ofits$lllbn revenue.It may seem odd,then,that Google's latest move is to aid ad-blocking.On February 15th,Chrome,its web browser,which has a 59%market share,switched on code to block certain online advertisements.In doing so it joins an established trend.Third-party ad-blocking software is available already for Chrome but only for its desktop version.As well as being built in and thus on by default,the new blocker will work on smartphones.Web publishers will not welcome another threat to the efficacy of advertising,their main source ofincome.Google at least promises that only pages which display the most annoying ads-those that automatically play videos with sound,for instance-will fall foul ofits new filter.What counts as annoying is defined by the Coalition for Better Ads,a group of advertisers,technology firms and other companies of which Google is a member.The online-ad industry has over the years developed an unusually hostile relationship with those to whom its products are served.In the early days of the internet,jiggling,brightly coloured animations were common.Pop-up advertisements,some of them uncloseable,became so prevalent that browsers such as Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator were modified to try to stop them.Ads may be more sophisticated now but still find ways to irritate.Dodgy ones are a popular delivery route for malware.The ad industry,indeed,is in an arms race with blocker-writers.Many sites now try to detect ad-blockers,and force users to disable them if they want to visit websites.The ad-blockers have retaliated with techniques to dodge the detectors,and so on.Google's move thus looks like an attempt to save online advertising from itself.It is also launching a service called"Funding Choices"that is designed to allow website operators to invite people who use ad-blockers to pay small amounts to view their pages instead.Its new products could land it in trouble.Margrethe Vestager,the European Union's competition chief,tweeted last year that she would be"closely"following the firm's ad-filtering efforts.The worry is that by defining what counts as an acceptable ad Google will amass still more power over online advertising.The European Commission fined it 2.4bn（$2.9bn）in 2017 for giving its price-comparison shopping service preferential treatment in search results over rival offerings.It was unclear that users of such services lost out much.Consumers also have lots to gain if Chrome can help stem the ad onslaught.26.Technically speaking,the author would agree thatA.Google is a holding company that set up by Alphabet in 2015.B.Google's holding company benefits from lots ofbusinesses.C.Google's business is mainly in the field of digital advertising.D.Google has given up blocking certain online ads recently.
Text 2 Google or,technically,Alphabet,the holding company that the firm established in 2015,has its fingers in many fields.But the company's main business,which pays for all ofits spending elsewhere,is digital advertising,which in 2017 accounted for more than 86%ofits$lllbn revenue.It may seem odd,then,that Google's latest move is to aid ad-blocking.On February 15th,Chrome,its web browser,which has a 59%market share,switched on code to block certain online advertisements.In doing so it joins an established trend.Third-party ad-blocking software is available already for Chrome but only for its desktop version.As well as being built in and thus on by default,the new blocker will work on smartphones.Web publishers will not welcome another threat to the efficacy of advertising,their main source ofincome.Google at least promises that only pages which display the most annoying ads-those that automatically play videos with sound,for instance-will fall foul ofits new filter.What counts as annoying is defined by the Coalition for Better Ads,a group of advertisers,technology firms and other companies of which Google is a member.The online-ad industry has over the years developed an unusually hostile relationship with those to whom its products are served.In the early days of the internet,jiggling,brightly coloured animations were common.Pop-up advertisements,some of them uncloseable,became so prevalent that browsers such as Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator were modified to try to stop them.Ads may be more sophisticated now but still find ways to irritate.Dodgy ones are a popular delivery route for malware.The ad industry,indeed,is in an arms race with blocker-writers.Many sites now try to detect ad-blockers,and force users to disable them if they want to visit websites.The ad-blockers have retaliated with techniques to dodge the detectors,and so on.Google's move thus looks like an attempt to save online advertising from itself.It is also launching a service called"Funding Choices"that is designed to allow website operators to invite people who use ad-blockers to pay small amounts to view their pages instead.Its new products could land it in trouble.Margrethe Vestager,the European Union's competition chief,tweeted last year that she would be"closely"following the firm's ad-filtering efforts.The worry is that by defining what counts as an acceptable ad Google will amass still more power over online advertising.The European Commission fined it 2.4bn（$2.9bn）in 2017 for giving its price-comparison shopping service preferential treatment in search results over rival offerings.It was unclear that users of such services lost out much.Consumers also have lots to gain if Chrome can help stem the ad onslaught.30.From the last paragraph we knowA.Google has got into trouble.B.Google is punished due to its partiality.C.users of Google's new services suffered a great loss.D.Google got greater power by controlling online advertising.
Insurance (保险) may be considered a game of risk in which individuals and businesses protect themselves, their families, and their property from possible losses resulting from unpredictable events such as storms, fires, accidents and illnesses. The first rule of the game, devised centuries age, is "share the risk". To play by this rule, many people take a small loss in place of one person′ s taking a large one. It is a simple idea: an individual pays a small amount of money called a premium (保险费) to an agent who acts on behalf of an insurance company, or underwriter, which holds the individual′s premium and the premiums paid by thousands of others. The individual receives an insurance policy, a promise that if there is a loss to the individual as defined in the policy the insurance company will pay for it. The funds will come from the individual′s premium, the premium paid by others who did not have losses, and money from the company′ s investment of all the premiums. An individual who does not have a loss loses the premium money but purchases what insurance underwriters call "peace of mind". It is a gamble for the customer and the underwriter, but it is built on the first rule of risk that losses are small when shared by many. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A.The first rule of the game in insurance business was devised hundreds of years ago.B.There are many agents who sell insurance policies and collect premiums on behalf of underwriters.C.An individual who pays premium for a policy is insured by an insurance company.D.An individual pays premium directly to an insurance company.
"Google is not a conventional company.We do not I to become one,"wrote Larry Page and Sergey Brin,the search firm's founders,in a letter to investors ahead ofits stockmarket flotation in 2004.Since then,Google has bumished its reputation 2 0ne ofthe quirkiest companies on the planet.This year alone it has 3 eyebrows by taking a stake in a wind-energy project off the east coast ofAmerica and by testing self-driving cars,which have already_4 0ver 140,000 miles（225,OOOkm）on the country's roads.Google has been able to 5 such flights of fancy 6 its amazingly successful online-search business.This has 7 handsome returns for the firm's investors,who have seen the company 8 itselfin the space ofa mere 12 years from a tiny start-up into a behemoth with a$180 billion market capitalisation that sprawls 9 a vast headquarters in Silicon Valley known as the Googleplex.Google 10 stretches across the web like a giant spider,with a leg in everything from online search and e-mail to social networking and web-based software applications,or apps.All this has turned Google into a force to be reckoned with.11 now the champion of the unorthodox is faced with two conventional business challenges.The first 12 placating regulators,who fret that it may be abusing its considerable 13.On November 30th the European Union 14 a formal investigation into claims that Google has been 15 search results to give an unfair advantage to its own services-a charge the firm vigorously 16.The other challenge facing Google is how to find new sources of growth.17 all the experiments it has launched,the firm is still heavily dependent on search-related advertising.Ironically,investors'biggest worry is that Google will end 18 like Microsoft,which has 19 to find big new sources of 20 and profit to replace those from its two ageing ponies,the Windows operating system and the Omce suite of business software.That explains why Google's share price has stagnated.6选？A.account forB.due toC.lead toD.contribute to
Text 4 Alphabet Inc.'s most successful product-the Google search engine-may now be its most problematic.On Tuesday,the European Commission's top antitrust regulator levied a$2.7-billion fine against Alphabet and Google for the way the search engine handles requests for information about products.Specifically,Commissioner Margrethe Vestager said that Google twisted its results to bury links to rival companies'comparison shopping sites while prominently featuring its own service,Google Shopping.Google responded that it's simply trying to give users what they want and denied"favoring ourselves,or any particular site or seller."It has a lot at stake:Google has integrated many different offerings into its search engine,including its mapping and travel services.The principle advanced by Vestager,however,is a good one:Giant online companies shoulcl not be able to take advantage of their dominance in one field to hurt competitors in another.Google's argument is:It integrated Google Shopping,which offers links to products at sites that advertise on Google.into its search engine because that gave users quicker access to the information they were seeking.And in the United States,the key question in antitrust!aw is whether a company's behavior hurts users,not whether it hurts the company's competitors.European regulators focus more on competitors,but they really are two sides of the same coin.If competitors are unfairly closed out,the public can miss out on the very real benefits that vigorous competition provides.At the same time,it's undeniable that the public has welcomed virtual monopolies in search,social media and other services in the Internet era.A large part of the appeal of sites like Facebook and Twitter is that so many people use them.There's a network effect for social media apps in particular-the more people who use the service,the more valuable it becomes to them.Meanwhile,start-ups come out of nowhere to create whole new categories of must-have apps and proclucts online.That means dominant companies have to innovate too,or else they can easily change from today's thing to yesterday's.And often,that innovation involves finding a better way to do something that a competitor is doing.The challenge for regulators is to provide the big companies space to try new things without grossly disrupting the market,closing out other companies and reducing consumer choice,which will ultimately lead to less innovation.A good place to start is by focusing on cases where there is evidence of intentional undermining of competitors-where a dominant company alters the platform it provides not just to feature its own services,but to make it harder to find or use its rivals'.The author argues that regulators should_____A.leave room for dominant companies to innovateB.help small companies enhance competitivenessC.encourage companies to increase product varietyD.prohibit featuring services on company platforms
Text 4 Alphabet Inc.'s most successful product-the Google search engine-may now be its most problematic.On Tuesday,the European Commission's top antitrust regulator levied a$2.7-billion fine against Alphabet and Google for the way the search engine handles requests for information about products.Specifically,Commissioner Margrethe Vestager said that Google twisted its results to bury links to rival companies'comparison shopping sites while prominently featuring its own service,Google Shopping.Google responded that it's simply trying to give users what they want and denied"favoring ourselves,or any particular site or seller."It has a lot at stake:Google has integrated many different offerings into its search engine,including its mapping and travel services.The principle advanced by Vestager,however,is a good one:Giant online companies shoulcl not be able to take advantage of their dominance in one field to hurt competitors in another.Google's argument is:It integrated Google Shopping,which offers links to products at sites that advertise on Google.into its search engine because that gave users quicker access to the information they were seeking.And in the United States,the key question in antitrust!aw is whether a company's behavior hurts users,not whether it hurts the company's competitors.European regulators focus more on competitors,but they really are two sides of the same coin.If competitors are unfairly closed out,the public can miss out on the very real benefits that vigorous competition provides.At the same time,it's undeniable that the public has welcomed virtual monopolies in search,social media and other services in the Internet era.A large part of the appeal of sites like Facebook and Twitter is that so many people use them.There's a network effect for social media apps in particular-the more people who use the service,the more valuable it becomes to them.Meanwhile,start-ups come out of nowhere to create whole new categories of must-have apps and proclucts online.That means dominant companies have to innovate too,or else they can easily change from today's thing to yesterday's.And often,that innovation involves finding a better way to do something that a competitor is doing.The challenge for regulators is to provide the big companies space to try new things without grossly disrupting the market,closing out other companies and reducing consumer choice,which will ultimately lead to less innovation.A good place to start is by focusing on cases where there is evidence of intentional undermining of competitors-where a dominant company alters the platform it provides not just to feature its own services,but to make it harder to find or use its rivals'.Which of the following statements about virtual monopolies is true?A.They are increasingly denied by the public.B.They are facing great pressure of innovation.C.They are attempting to cooperate with start-ups.D.They are suffering badly from the network effect.
Text 4 Alphabet Inc.'s most successful product-the Google search engine-may now be its most problematic.On Tuesday,the European Commission's top antitrust regulator levied a$2.7-billion fine against Alphabet and Google for the way the search engine handles requests for information about products.Specifically,Commissioner Margrethe Vestager said that Google twisted its results to bury links to rival companies'comparison shopping sites while prominently featuring its own service,Google Shopping.Google responded that it's simply trying to give users what they want and denied"favoring ourselves,or any particular site or seller."It has a lot at stake:Google has integrated many different offerings into its search engine,including its mapping and travel services.The principle advanced by Vestager,however,is a good one:Giant online companies shoulcl not be able to take advantage of their dominance in one field to hurt competitors in another.Google's argument is:It integrated Google Shopping,which offers links to products at sites that advertise on Google.into its search engine because that gave users quicker access to the information they were seeking.And in the United States,the key question in antitrust!aw is whether a company's behavior hurts users,not whether it hurts the company's competitors.European regulators focus more on competitors,but they really are two sides of the same coin.If competitors are unfairly closed out,the public can miss out on the very real benefits that vigorous competition provides.At the same time,it's undeniable that the public has welcomed virtual monopolies in search,social media and other services in the Internet era.A large part of the appeal of sites like Facebook and Twitter is that so many people use them.There's a network effect for social media apps in particular-the more people who use the service,the more valuable it becomes to them.Meanwhile,start-ups come out of nowhere to create whole new categories of must-have apps and proclucts online.That means dominant companies have to innovate too,or else they can easily change from today's thing to yesterday's.And often,that innovation involves finding a better way to do something that a competitor is doing.The challenge for regulators is to provide the big companies space to try new things without grossly disrupting the market,closing out other companies and reducing consumer choice,which will ultimately lead to less innovation.A good place to start is by focusing on cases where there is evidence of intentional undermining of competitors-where a dominant company alters the platform it provides not just to feature its own services,but to make it harder to find or use its rivals'.The European antitrust law is similar to its American counterpart in——A.the goal to defend the benefits of consumersB.the principle of protecting market competitorsC.the criteria to decide whether a company is guiltyD.the way to penatize convicted companies
Text 4 Alphabet Inc.'s most successful product-the Google search engine-may now be its most problematic.On Tuesday,the European Commission's top antitrust regulator levied a$2.7-billion fine against Alphabet and Google for the way the search engine handles requests for information about products.Specifically,Commissioner Margrethe Vestager said that Google twisted its results to bury links to rival companies'comparison shopping sites while prominently featuring its own service,Google Shopping.Google responded that it's simply trying to give users what they want and denied"favoring ourselves,or any particular site or seller."It has a lot at stake:Google has integrated many different offerings into its search engine,including its mapping and travel services.The principle advanced by Vestager,however,is a good one:Giant online companies shoulcl not be able to take advantage of their dominance in one field to hurt competitors in another.Google's argument is:It integrated Google Shopping,which offers links to products at sites that advertise on Google.into its search engine because that gave users quicker access to the information they were seeking.And in the United States,the key question in antitrust!aw is whether a company's behavior hurts users,not whether it hurts the company's competitors.European regulators focus more on competitors,but they really are two sides of the same coin.If competitors are unfairly closed out,the public can miss out on the very real benefits that vigorous competition provides.At the same time,it's undeniable that the public has welcomed virtual monopolies in search,social media and other services in the Internet era.A large part of the appeal of sites like Facebook and Twitter is that so many people use them.There's a network effect for social media apps in particular-the more people who use the service,the more valuable it becomes to them.Meanwhile,start-ups come out of nowhere to create whole new categories of must-have apps and proclucts online.That means dominant companies have to innovate too,or else they can easily change from today's thing to yesterday's.And often,that innovation involves finding a better way to do something that a competitor is doing.The challenge for regulators is to provide the big companies space to try new things without grossly disrupting the market,closing out other companies and reducing consumer choice,which will ultimately lead to less innovation.A good place to start is by focusing on cases where there is evidence of intentional undermining of competitors-where a dominant company alters the platform it provides not just to feature its own services,but to make it harder to find or use its rivals'.According to Paragraph 2,the author views Google's activity with——.A.sympathyB.uncertaintyC.appreciationD.criticism
"Google is not a conventional company.We do not I to become one,"wrote Larry Page and Sergey Brin,the search firm's founders,in a letter to investors ahead ofits stockmarket flotation in 2004.Since then,Google has bumished its reputation 2 0ne ofthe quirkiest companies on the planet.This year alone it has 3 eyebrows by taking a stake in a wind-energy project off the east coast ofAmerica and by testing self-driving cars,which have already_4 0ver 140,000 miles（225,OOOkm）on the country's roads.Google has been able to 5 such flights of fancy 6 its amazingly successful online-search business.This has 7 handsome returns for the firm's investors,who have seen the company 8 itselfin the space ofa mere 12 years from a tiny start-up into a behemoth with a$180 billion market capitalisation that sprawls 9 a vast headquarters in Silicon Valley known as the Googleplex.Google 10 stretches across the web like a giant spider,with a leg in everything from online search and e-mail to social networking and web-based software applications,or apps.All this has turned Google into a force to be reckoned with.11 now the champion of the unorthodox is faced with two conventional business challenges.The first 12 placating regulators,who fret that it may be abusing its considerable 13.On November 30th the European Union 14 a formal investigation into claims that Google has been 15 search results to give an unfair advantage to its own services-a charge the firm vigorously 16.The other challenge facing Google is how to find new sources of growth.17 all the experiments it has launched,the firm is still heavily dependent on search-related advertising.Ironically,investors'biggest worry is that Google will end 18 like Microsoft,which has 19 to find big new sources of 20 and profit to replace those from its two ageing ponies,the Windows operating system and the Omce suite of business software.That explains why Google's share price has stagnated.2选？A.likeB.asC.byD.about
Text 4 Alphabet Inc.'s most successful product-the Google search engine-may now be its most problematic.On Tuesday,the European Commission's top antitrust regulator levied a$2.7-billion fine against Alphabet and Google for the way the search engine handles requests for information about products.Specifically,Commissioner Margrethe Vestager said that Google twisted its results to bury links to rival companies'comparison shopping sites while prominently featuring its own service,Google Shopping.Google responded that it's simply trying to give users what they want and denied"favoring ourselves,or any particular site or seller."It has a lot at stake:Google has integrated many different offerings into its search engine,including its mapping and travel services.The principle advanced by Vestager,however,is a good one:Giant online companies shoulcl not be able to take advantage of their dominance in one field to hurt competitors in another.Google's argument is:It integrated Google Shopping,which offers links to products at sites that advertise on Google.into its search engine because that gave users quicker access to the information they were seeking.And in the United States,the key question in antitrust!aw is whether a company's behavior hurts users,not whether it hurts the company's competitors.European regulators focus more on competitors,but they really are two sides of the same coin.If competitors are unfairly closed out,the public can miss out on the very real benefits that vigorous competition provides.At the same time,it's undeniable that the public has welcomed virtual monopolies in search,social media and other services in the Internet era.A large part of the appeal of sites like Facebook and Twitter is that so many people use them.There's a network effect for social media apps in particular-the more people who use the service,the more valuable it becomes to them.Meanwhile,start-ups come out of nowhere to create whole new categories of must-have apps and proclucts online.That means dominant companies have to innovate too,or else they can easily change from today's thing to yesterday's.And often,that innovation involves finding a better way to do something that a competitor is doing.The challenge for regulators is to provide the big companies space to try new things without grossly disrupting the market,closing out other companies and reducing consumer choice,which will ultimately lead to less innovation.A good place to start is by focusing on cases where there is evidence of intentional undermining of competitors-where a dominant company alters the platform it provides not just to feature its own services,but to make it harder to find or use its rivals'.The European Commission fined Google for_____A.providing false informationB.integrating multiple offeringsC.manipulating search resultsD.defaming rival companies
Your firm has been recommended to us by AMK company, （） we have done business for many years.Awith whomBwith whoCwhomDwho
Your firm has been recommended to us by AMK company, （） we have done business for many years.A、with whomB、with whoC、whomD、who
ABC Company is an old-established firm（）many year’s experience（）the trade.A、has，ofB、with，inC、have，inD、with，of
Which should be the key driver for a company security policy’s creation， implementation and enforcement？（）A、 the business knowledge of the IT staffB、 the technical knowledge of the IT staffC、 the company’s business objectivesD、 the company’s network topologyE、 the IT future directions
单选题According to the invitation, what is remarkable about Mr. Greig?AHe founded a famous company.BHe has a lot of experience abroad.CHe is from a poor background.DHe established many business awards.
单选题Your firm has been recommended to us by AMK company, （） we have done business for many years.Awith whomBwith whoCwhomDwho
问答题Passage 14Questions 8—12 ● Read the article below about GE. ● Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps. ● For each gap (8—12), mark one letter (A—G) on your Answer Sheet. ● Do not use any letter more than once. ● There is an example at the beginning, (0).A slipping crown For decades America’s General Electric (GE) has worn its AAA credit rating as a badge of pride. The company has also used it to mint money in its financial-services business, GE Capital. No longer (0)______. That added insult to the injury that GE has already suffered. Last year the outfit generated a profit of $8.6 billion or almost 48％ of GE’s total earnings. By exploiting its AAA rating, GE Capital was able to raise capital cheaply and then deploy it to fund everything from commercial-property and home loans to credit-card lending and insurance. (8)______. Announcing its decision to downgrade the business, SP predicted rising credit losses in coming months in several areas of GE Capital’s portfolio. Although GE’s demotion from AAA was bad news, it triggered a rise in the firm’s shares, which had recently been trading at about the same price as one of the light bulbs that the company makes. (9)______. They may also have taken comfort from the agency’s conclusion that GE’s industrial businesses should continue to pump oodles of cash, in spite of the global downturn. Yet some financial analysts are still fretting that GE Capital’s portfolio may contain more nasty surprises. (10)______. They also wonder out loud whether Moody’s, another rating agency, will take a more pessimistic view of GE’s prospects when it finishes a review of the AAA rating that it still assigns to the firm. Next week GE plans to hold an in-depth briefing on the state of the assets in GE Capital’s portfolio, which will help to dispel the cloud still hanging over the business. It has also been telling anyone who will listen that it doesn’t expect this week’s downgrade to have a significant impact on its business, though it does plan to keep shrinking GE Capital’s activities so that the unit represents no more than 30％ of total profit. (11)______. GE is sitting on $48 billion of cash and has already raised over 90％ of its long-term debt needs for this year—no mean feat in a dire credit market. The company also plans to slash its dividend from the second half of 2009, which it reckons to conserve an additional $9 billion a year on an ongoing basis. (12)______.. In his annual letter to shareholders published recently, Mr. Immelt admitted that GE’S reputation had been “tarnished”. A. This has made some of the company’s small investors apoplectic; they have grown used to juicy dividend payments. B. Jeff Immelt, GE’s CEO, has said that the overall company will continue to manage itself like a AAA-rated firm, notably by keeping plenty of liquidity to hand. C. Resolving lingering doubts over GE Capital quickly will be essential if one of America’s most iconic companies is to regain its shine. D. They point out that the business does not mark many of its assets to their market price—a practice that has blown huge holes in the finances of many big banks. E. No doubt investors were relieved that SP didn’t make an even deeper cut in the company’s rating. F. But the chaos triggered by the credit crunch has taken the shine off GE’s cash machine, which has seen some of its property and other loans turn sour. G. SP stripped the company and its financial arm of their top-notch ratings, downgrading them to AA-plus.
多选题A company has a business application that provides its users with many different reports： receivables reports， payables reports， revenue projects， and so on.The company has just purchased some new， state-of-the-art，wireless printers， and a programmer has been assigned the task of enhancing all of the reports to use not only the company’s old printers， but the new wireless printers as well.When the programmer starts looking into the application， the programmer discovers that because of the design of the application， it is necessary to make changes to each report to support the new printers. Which two design concepts most likely explain the situation？（）AInheritanceBLow cohesionCTight couplingDHigh cohesionELoose couplingFObject immutablility
多选题A company has a business application that provides its users with many different reports： receivables reports， payables reports， revenue projects， and so on. The company has just purchased somenew， state-of-the-art， wireless printers， and a programmer has been assigned the task of enhancing all ofthe reports to use not only the company’s old printers， but the new wireless printers as well. When the programmer starts looking into the application， the programmer discovers that because of the design of theapplication， it is necessary to make changes to each report to support the new printers. Which two designconcepts most likely explain this situation？ （）AInheritanceBLow cohesionCTight couplingDHigh cohesionELoose couplingFObject immutability
单选题Which should be the key driver for a company security policy’s creation， implementation and enforcement？（）A the business knowledge of the IT staffB the technical knowledge of the IT staffC the company’s business objectivesD the company’s network topologyE the IT future directions
单选题ABC Company is an old-established firm（）many year’s experience（）the trade.Ahas，ofBwith，inChave，inDwith，of