When using the imperative "Turn it off" to give an order, the speaker highlights the _________of the utterance.A.locutionary actB.illocutionary actC.perlocutionary actD.indirect speech act
When using the imperative "Turn it off" to give an order, the speaker highlights the _________of the utterance.
A.locutionary act
B.illocutionary act
C.perlocutionary act
D.indirect speech act
B.illocutionary act
C.perlocutionary act
D.indirect speech act
参考解析
解析：考查言语行为理论。根据奥斯汀言语行为理论，说话者说话时可能同时实施三种行为：言内行为(locufionary act，又称发话行为)是说出词、短语和分句的行为，它是通过句法、词汇和音位来表达字面意义的行为。言外行为(illoeutionary act，又称行事行为)是表达说话者的意图的行为，它是在说某些话时所实施的行为。言后行为(pedocutionary act，又称取效行为)是通过某些话所实施的行为，或讲某些话所导致的行为，它是话语所产生的后果或所引起的变化，它是通过讲某些话所完成的行为。美国哲学语言学家约翰·舍尔又在奥斯汀之后把言外行为分为五类，每一类行为都有一个共同的、普遍的目的。这五大类是：阐述类(representatives)、指令类(directives)、承诺类(commissives)、表达类(expressives)、宣告类(declarations)。例如，说话人说出“Turn it off”，试图使听话者做某事，就属于指令类言外行为。故选B。
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