共用题干Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared CitiesA new examination of urban policies has been carried out recently by Patricia Romero Lankao. She is a so- ciologist specializing in climate change and_____________(51) development. She warns that many of the world'5 fast-growing urban areas,especially in developing countries,will likely suffer from the_____________(52)of changing climate. Her work also concludes that most cities are failing to_____________(53)emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. These gases are known to affect the atmosphere."Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound_____________ (54) to the growing cities of the world,"says Romero Lankao. "But too few cities are developing effective strategies to protect their residents."Cities are_____________(55)sources of greenhouse gases.And urban populations are likely to be among those most severely affected by future climate change.Lankao's findings highlight ways in which city-resi- dents are particularly vulnerable,and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term ____________ (56).The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater _____________(57)for natural disasters.Potential threats associated with climate include storm surges and pro- longed hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat_____________(58) paved cities more than surrounding areas. The impacts of such natural events can be more_____________(59)in an urban environment. For example,a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution,causing widespread health problems.Poorer neighborhoods that may_____________(60)basic facilities such as drinking water or a dependable network of roads,are especially vulnerable to natural disasters.Many residents in poorer countries live in substandard housing_____________(61)access to reliable drinking water,roads and basic services.Local governments,therefore,should take measures to_____________(62)their residents."Unfortunately, they tend to move towards rhetoric_____________(63)meaningful responses,"Romero Lankao writes,"They don't impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning_____________(64).They don't em- phasize mass transit and reduce automobile use.In fact,many local governments are taking a hands-off ap- proach."_____________(65),she urges them to change their idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent the harmful effects of climate change on cities._________(59)A:standardB:meaningfulC:seriousD:friendly
共用题干
Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities
A new examination of urban policies has been carried out recently by Patricia Romero Lankao. She is a so-
ciologist specializing in climate change and_____________(51) development. She warns that many of the world'5
fast-growing urban areas,especially in developing countries,will likely suffer from the_____________(52)of
changing climate. Her work also concludes that most cities are failing to_____________(53)emissions of carbon
dioxide and other greenhouse gases. These gases are known to affect the atmosphere.
"Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound_____________ (54) to the growing cities of the
world,"says Romero Lankao. "But too few cities are developing effective strategies to protect their residents."
Cities are_____________(55)sources of greenhouse gases.And urban populations are likely to be among
those most severely affected by future climate change.Lankao's findings highlight ways in which city-resi-
dents are particularly vulnerable,and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term
____________ (56).
The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater
_____________(57)for natural disasters.Potential threats associated with climate include storm surges and pro-
longed hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat_____________(58)
paved cities more than surrounding areas. The impacts of such natural events can be more_____________(59)in
an urban environment. For example,a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution,causing
widespread health problems.Poorer neighborhoods that may_____________(60)basic facilities such as drinking
water or a dependable network of roads,are especially vulnerable to natural disasters.Many residents in
poorer countries live in substandard housing_____________(61)access to reliable drinking water,roads and
basic services.
Local governments,therefore,should take measures to_____________(62)their residents."Unfortunately,
they tend to move towards rhetoric_____________(63)meaningful responses,"Romero Lankao writes,"They don't
impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning_____________(64).They don't em-
phasize mass transit and reduce automobile use.In fact,many local governments are taking a hands-off ap-
proach."_____________(65),she urges them to change their idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent
the harmful effects of climate change on cities.
Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities
A new examination of urban policies has been carried out recently by Patricia Romero Lankao. She is a so-
ciologist specializing in climate change and_____________(51) development. She warns that many of the world'5
fast-growing urban areas,especially in developing countries,will likely suffer from the_____________(52)of
changing climate. Her work also concludes that most cities are failing to_____________(53)emissions of carbon
dioxide and other greenhouse gases. These gases are known to affect the atmosphere.
"Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound_____________ (54) to the growing cities of the
world,"says Romero Lankao. "But too few cities are developing effective strategies to protect their residents."
Cities are_____________(55)sources of greenhouse gases.And urban populations are likely to be among
those most severely affected by future climate change.Lankao's findings highlight ways in which city-resi-
dents are particularly vulnerable,and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term
____________ (56).
The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater
_____________(57)for natural disasters.Potential threats associated with climate include storm surges and pro-
longed hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat_____________(58)
paved cities more than surrounding areas. The impacts of such natural events can be more_____________(59)in
an urban environment. For example,a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution,causing
widespread health problems.Poorer neighborhoods that may_____________(60)basic facilities such as drinking
water or a dependable network of roads,are especially vulnerable to natural disasters.Many residents in
poorer countries live in substandard housing_____________(61)access to reliable drinking water,roads and
basic services.
Local governments,therefore,should take measures to_____________(62)their residents."Unfortunately,
they tend to move towards rhetoric_____________(63)meaningful responses,"Romero Lankao writes,"They don't
impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning_____________(64).They don't em-
phasize mass transit and reduce automobile use.In fact,many local governments are taking a hands-off ap-
proach."_____________(65),she urges them to change their idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent
the harmful effects of climate change on cities.
_________(59)
A:standard
B:meaningful
C:serious
D:friendly
A:standard
B:meaningful
C:serious
D:friendly
参考解析
解析：由文章第一段的第一句可知，Patricia Romero Lankao是对城市的政策进行的考察，她ft 专业肯定是和城市发展有关的，故选A。
由文章第一段的第二句“She is a sociologist specializing in climate change and urban de velopment.”可知，Patricia Romero Lanka。是研究气候变化和城市发展的专家，因此这里讨论白 应是气候变化带来的影响。单词impact意思为“影响”，故选B。
单词reduce意思为“减少”;increase意思为“增加，增长”;study意思为“研究”;measur 作动词意思为“测量，检测”。根据文章大意，这里指的是一些国家没能降低二氧化碳和其他 温室气体的排放，故选A。
单词threat意思为“威胁”;interest意思为“兴趣”;implication意思为“暗示，牵连” difference意思为“差异，不同”。词组pose threat to...意思为“对……造成威胁”，符合句意，故选A。
根据常识可知，城市是温室气体的主要源头，故本题应选major“主要的”。
本句大意为：Lankao的研究发现强调了城市居民在多方面易受（温室效应的）影响，司 必须制定一些具有即时和长期……的政策进行干预。单词sign意思为“迹象”;benefit意思夕 “益处，好处”;chance意思为“机会”;plan意思为“计划”，根据句意，应选B。
词组place/put…at risk为固定搭配，意思为“使……处于险境”。这里指的是城市的仁 置以及城市稠密的建筑群使得城市人口处于更危险的境况，故选C。
第四段第一句已经提到城市的位置和稠密建筑群使其人口处于更危险的境况，heavilypaved cities指稠密铺设的城市群，符合题意，故选B。
由前文可知，城市更容易受到自然灾害的侵袭，即自然灾害对城市的影响更为严重，澎 选C。
根据常识可知，缺少基础设施的社区抵抗自然灾害的能力更差，故选B。
本句承接上文，继续说明贫困国家的居民居住在条件较差的房子里，没有可靠的饮用 水、道路和基本的服务，故应选B。
本句的大意为：地方政府应该采取措施保护它们的居民。单词identify意思为“确认， 鉴定”;educate意思为“教育”;protect意思为“保护”;evaluate意思为“评估”，故应选C。
由下文的“They don' t impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air con- ditioning”可知，这些政府没有采取能够降低温度、调控温度需求的建筑标准，这说明他们实际 上是口惠而实不至，即“move towards rhetoric rather山an meanin脚1 responses"，故选B。
单词need意思为“需求”;waste意思为“浪费”;area意思为“地区、地域”;resources意 思为“资源”。结合句意应选A。
在说明了地方政府的不干预政策之后，Patricia Romero Lankao进行了总结，建议这些政 府改变他们的政策，故选D。
由文章第一段的第二句“She is a sociologist specializing in climate change and urban de velopment.”可知，Patricia Romero Lanka。是研究气候变化和城市发展的专家，因此这里讨论白 应是气候变化带来的影响。单词impact意思为“影响”，故选B。
单词reduce意思为“减少”;increase意思为“增加，增长”;study意思为“研究”;measur 作动词意思为“测量，检测”。根据文章大意，这里指的是一些国家没能降低二氧化碳和其他 温室气体的排放，故选A。
单词threat意思为“威胁”;interest意思为“兴趣”;implication意思为“暗示，牵连” difference意思为“差异，不同”。词组pose threat to...意思为“对……造成威胁”，符合句意，故选A。
根据常识可知，城市是温室气体的主要源头，故本题应选major“主要的”。
本句大意为：Lankao的研究发现强调了城市居民在多方面易受（温室效应的）影响，司 必须制定一些具有即时和长期……的政策进行干预。单词sign意思为“迹象”;benefit意思夕 “益处，好处”;chance意思为“机会”;plan意思为“计划”，根据句意，应选B。
词组place/put…at risk为固定搭配，意思为“使……处于险境”。这里指的是城市的仁 置以及城市稠密的建筑群使得城市人口处于更危险的境况，故选C。
第四段第一句已经提到城市的位置和稠密建筑群使其人口处于更危险的境况，heavilypaved cities指稠密铺设的城市群，符合题意，故选B。
由前文可知，城市更容易受到自然灾害的侵袭，即自然灾害对城市的影响更为严重，澎 选C。
根据常识可知，缺少基础设施的社区抵抗自然灾害的能力更差，故选B。
本句承接上文，继续说明贫困国家的居民居住在条件较差的房子里，没有可靠的饮用 水、道路和基本的服务，故应选B。
本句的大意为：地方政府应该采取措施保护它们的居民。单词identify意思为“确认， 鉴定”;educate意思为“教育”;protect意思为“保护”;evaluate意思为“评估”，故应选C。
由下文的“They don' t impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air con- ditioning”可知，这些政府没有采取能够降低温度、调控温度需求的建筑标准，这说明他们实际 上是口惠而实不至，即“move towards rhetoric rather山an meanin脚1 responses"，故选B。
单词need意思为“需求”;waste意思为“浪费”;area意思为“地区、地域”;resources意 思为“资源”。结合句意应选A。
在说明了地方政府的不干预政策之后，Patricia Romero Lankao进行了总结，建议这些政 府改变他们的政策，故选D。
相关考题：
She is () to accept change, though she has been living in the small village for 60 years. A、likeB、likelyC、unlikelyD、alike
听力原文：M: Did you talk with our new manager? He is looking for you these days. I think he has something important.W: I have been out of town for 2 days. And until this morning I come back.Q: What does the woman mean?(17)A．She hasn't talked with the new manager yet.B．The new manager was not in the office.C．She has been at home.D．She didn't want to talk with the new manager.
They also warn that these countries are among the most _________ to climate change.AlaxBvulnerableCaddictiveDnasty
Jane has seen a vision of a spinning arrow, a vision she believes tells her change is coming.()
共用题干Lakes,Too,Feel Global WarmingThere's no doubt:In the last few decades,the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it has been in hundreds of years.Around the world,people are starting to measure the effects of global warming一 and trying to figure out what to do about it.Scientists recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world,and they found that lakes are heating up.Between 1985 and 2009,satellites recorded the nighttime temperatures of the sur- faces of 167 lakes.During those 24 years,the lakes got warmer by an average of about 0.045 degreeCelsius per year.In some places,lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate,a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius in just 10 years.That difference may seem small一you might not even notice it in your bath.But in a lake,slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae（水藻）,and algae can make the lake poisonous to fish.The study shows that in some regions,lakes are warming faster than the air around them.This is impor- tant because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how Earth is warming. By using lake temperatures as well,scientists can get a better picture of global warming. The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.That's going to be useful,since no country is too big or too small to ignore climate change.Scientists aren't the only ones concerned.Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by the rapid warming of the planet. Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it,especially by reducing theamount of greenhouse（温室）gases we put into the air.That's why the United Nations started the Framework Convention on Climate Change,or UNFCCC. Every year the convention meets,and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.UNFCCC's annual meeting will be held in Mexico this year.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
共用题干Lakes,Too,Feel Global WarmingThere's no doubt:In the last few decades,the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it has been in hundreds of years.Around the world,people are starting to measure the effects of global warming一 and trying to figure out what to do about it.Scientists recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world,and they found that lakes are heating up.Between 1985 and 2009,satellites recorded the nighttime temperatures of the sur- faces of 167 lakes.During those 24 years,the lakes got warmer by an average of about 0.045 degreeCelsius per year.In some places,lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate,a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius in just 10 years.That difference may seem small一you might not even notice it in your bath.But in a lake,slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae（水藻）,and algae can make the lake poisonous to fish.The study shows that in some regions,lakes are warming faster than the air around them.This is impor- tant because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how Earth is warming. By using lake temperatures as well,scientists can get a better picture of global warming. The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.That's going to be useful,since no country is too big or too small to ignore climate change.Scientists aren't the only ones concerned.Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by the rapid warming of the planet. Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it,especially by reducing theamount of greenhouse（温室）gases we put into the air.That's why the United Nations started the Framework Convention on Climate Change,or UNFCCC. Every year the convention meets,and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.Scientists have been keeping records of lake temperatures for over 30 years.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
共用题干Lakes,Too,Feel Global WarmingThere's no doubt:In the last few decades,the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it has been in hundreds of years.Around the world,people are starting to measure the effects of global warming一 and trying to figure out what to do about it.Scientists recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world,and they found that lakes are heating up.Between 1985 and 2009,satellites recorded the nighttime temperatures of the sur- faces of 167 lakes.During those 24 years,the lakes got warmer by an average of about 0.045 degreeCelsius per year.In some places,lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate,a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius in just 10 years.That difference may seem small一you might not even notice it in your bath.But in a lake,slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae（水藻）,and algae can make the lake poisonous to fish.The study shows that in some regions,lakes are warming faster than the air around them.This is impor- tant because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how Earth is warming. By using lake temperatures as well,scientists can get a better picture of global warming. The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.That's going to be useful,since no country is too big or too small to ignore climate change.Scientists aren't the only ones concerned.Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by the rapid warming of the planet. Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it,especially by reducing theamount of greenhouse（温室）gases we put into the air.That's why the United Nations started the Framework Convention on Climate Change,or UNFCCC. Every year the convention meets,and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.Lakes seem to be warming faster in Asia.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
共用题干Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared CitiesA new examination of urban policies has been carried out recently by Patricia Romero Lankao. She is a so- ciologist specializing in climate change and_____________(51) development. She warns that many of the world'5 fast-growing urban areas,especially in developing countries,will likely suffer from the_____________(52)of changing climate. Her work also concludes that most cities are failing to_____________(53)emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. These gases are known to affect the atmosphere."Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound_____________ (54) to the growing cities of the world,"says Romero Lankao. "But too few cities are developing effective strategies to protect their residents."Cities are_____________(55)sources of greenhouse gases.And urban populations are likely to be among those most severely affected by future climate change.Lankao's findings highlight ways in which city-resi- dents are particularly vulnerable,and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term ____________ (56).The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater _____________(57)for natural disasters.Potential threats associated with climate include storm surges and pro- longed hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat_____________(58) paved cities more than surrounding areas. The impacts of such natural events can be more_____________(59)in an urban environment. For example,a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution,causing widespread health problems.Poorer neighborhoods that may_____________(60)basic facilities such as drinking water or a dependable network of roads,are especially vulnerable to natural disasters.Many residents in poorer countries live in substandard housing_____________(61)access to reliable drinking water,roads and basic services.Local governments,therefore,should take measures to_____________(62)their residents."Unfortunately, they tend to move towards rhetoric_____________(63)meaningful responses,"Romero Lankao writes,"They don't impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning_____________(64).They don't em- phasize mass transit and reduce automobile use.In fact,many local governments are taking a hands-off ap- proach."_____________(65),she urges them to change their idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent the harmful effects of climate change on cities._________(51)A:urbanB:industrialC:economicD:rural
Text 1 Giant corporations often claim to be"green,"pointing to programs they've undertaken aimed at being environmentally conscious.But sometimes these efforts don't really amount to much.They can be no more than'igrcenwashing,"a public relations effort that doesn't represent any fundamental shift in thinking.But such a change may actually be going on among several of the world's largest fossil fuel companies,namcs such as ExxonMobil,Shell,and BP.One of the biggest reasons:pressure from the companies'sharcholdcrs.Investors arc asking corporations to make more transparent the effects climate change will have on their businesses,as well as explain what they are doing to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.While sharcholdcr motivcs are cerlainly aimed at helping in the worldwide fight against global warming,they also represent a practical need to better understand a company's prospects.If the burning of oil and gas is grcaily curtailed as a result of the December 2015 intemational Paris climate agreement,for example,how might that affect the bottom line of a corporation whose chief source of revenue is extracting and selling carbon-emitting oil and gas?Or,conversely,how is a company planning to take advantage of the business opportunities that emerge from a shift away from fossil fuels?Climate Action 100+,for example,is a shareholder action group that is asking corporations to make stronger commitments to meeting the 80 percent cut in carbon emissions proposed by the Paris agreement signed two years ago by nearly 200 nations.Some 225 investment groups who manage more than S26.3 trillion have signed on in support.Last week,intemational energy giant ExxonMobil said it will step up its reporting to shareholders and the public about the impacts climate change will have on its business,including any expected increased risks.The new policy follows a vote by ExxonMobil investors at the company's annual meeting in May that called for a yearly assessment of the effects of climate change on the company.The new position represents a sea change for ExxonMobil,which until the early 2000s had disputed the need to take action on climate change.Around the world national govemments are shaping new policies in an effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to a level that will not allow global temperatures to rise more than 2 degrees Celsius.In the U,S.,individual states and cities are pursuing lawsuits against companies that fail to deal responsibly with greenhouse gas emissions,which they contend harm the public.24.What's ExxonMobil's attitude toward taking action on climate change?A.Biased.B.Objective.C.Indifferent.D.Supportive.
Text 1 The cost of supporting new windfarms and nuclear power stations to meet the UK's carbon targets will add nearly￡100 to the average household energy bill by the end of the next decade,according to a govemment adviser.But the Committee on Climate Change said it expected the increase to be more than offset by savings as people switched to more efficient fridge freezers,LED bulbs and better boilers.The committee,a body of experts set up under the Climate Change Act to advise the government,found that a rise of~105,or 9%,to the average~1,160 dual fuel bill in 2016 was down to green policies.These included subsidies for windfarms and solar power through schemes such as the Renewables Ob/igation.A report by the committee predicts that meeting the UK's carbon targets would see the cost of the subsidies rise to￡200 0f an average bill of￡1,350 by 2030.However,other factors were involved in the net increase.The committee also calculated that rising wholesale energy costs and other issues will add more than￡200 a year to bills,while an ongoing switch to more energy-efficient appliances and gadgets is expected to save￡150.Matthew Bell,chief executive of the committee,told The Guardian that he thought it was worth spending the money on climate policies.“The reason we're acting to reduce our emissions is climate change poses real risks,real risks to the UK as well as round the world."The cost was relatively modest,he said,adding:"What our analysis says quite clearly is that as a proportion of total energy costs,climate costs are a small minority portion.The vast majority of your energy bill is accounted by other things,like wholesale costs and transmission costs."Some of the energy companies,such as German-owned E.ON,laid the blame for the rises partly on the cost of supporting green policies.But the Committee on Climate Change said that such policies had in fact saved￡290 a year off the average household energy bill between 2008 and 2016,because they had encouraged a shifi to A-rated fridge freezers,condensing boilers and a swing away from old time lightbulbs to energy-saving ones.Bell said that future progress on more energy-efficient appliances was slowing slightly,but there was still potential for huge savings."We're still seeing only l%oflighting being LEDs.And what we've not factored in at all is what IT will do for how we manage energy in our homes,"21.What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs?A.The Climate Change committee advised the govemment to increase it.B.More efficient devices demanded more energy.C.The sustainable approaches are paid partly by the British.D.New windfarms are built to meet the UK's carbon targets.
Text 1 The cost of supporting new windfarms and nuclear power stations to meet the UK's carbon targets will add nearly￡100 to the average household energy bill by the end of the next decade,according to a govemment adviser.But the Committee on Climate Change said it expected the increase to be more than offset by savings as people switched to more efficient fridge freezers,LED bulbs and better boilers.The committee,a body of experts set up under the Climate Change Act to advise the government,found that a rise of~105,or 9%,to the average~1,160 dual fuel bill in 2016 was down to green policies.These included subsidies for windfarms and solar power through schemes such as the Renewables Ob/igation.A report by the committee predicts that meeting the UK's carbon targets would see the cost of the subsidies rise to￡200 0f an average bill of￡1,350 by 2030.However,other factors were involved in the net increase.The committee also calculated that rising wholesale energy costs and other issues will add more than￡200 a year to bills,while an ongoing switch to more energy-efficient appliances and gadgets is expected to save￡150.Matthew Bell,chief executive of the committee,told The Guardian that he thought it was worth spending the money on climate policies.“The reason we're acting to reduce our emissions is climate change poses real risks,real risks to the UK as well as round the world."The cost was relatively modest,he said,adding:"What our analysis says quite clearly is that as a proportion of total energy costs,climate costs are a small minority portion.The vast majority of your energy bill is accounted by other things,like wholesale costs and transmission costs."Some of the energy companies,such as German-owned E.ON,laid the blame for the rises partly on the cost of supporting green policies.But the Committee on Climate Change said that such policies had in fact saved￡290 a year off the average household energy bill between 2008 and 2016,because they had encouraged a shifi to A-rated fridge freezers,condensing boilers and a swing away from old time lightbulbs to energy-saving ones.Bell said that future progress on more energy-efficient appliances was slowing slightly,but there was still potential for huge savings."We're still seeing only l%oflighting being LEDs.And what we've not factored in at all is what IT will do for how we manage energy in our homes,"23.The phrase"laid the blame for"（Para.6）is closest in meaning toA.criticized.B.evade the duty for.C.held it accountable.D.became victim for.
Text 1 The cost of supporting new windfarms and nuclear power stations to meet the UK's carbon targets will add nearly￡100 to the average household energy bill by the end of the next decade,according to a govemment adviser.But the Committee on Climate Change said it expected the increase to be more than offset by savings as people switched to more efficient fridge freezers,LED bulbs and better boilers.The committee,a body of experts set up under the Climate Change Act to advise the government,found that a rise of~105,or 9%,to the average~1,160 dual fuel bill in 2016 was down to green policies.These included subsidies for windfarms and solar power through schemes such as the Renewables Ob/igation.A report by the committee predicts that meeting the UK's carbon targets would see the cost of the subsidies rise to￡200 0f an average bill of￡1,350 by 2030.However,other factors were involved in the net increase.The committee also calculated that rising wholesale energy costs and other issues will add more than￡200 a year to bills,while an ongoing switch to more energy-efficient appliances and gadgets is expected to save￡150.Matthew Bell,chief executive of the committee,told The Guardian that he thought it was worth spending the money on climate policies.“The reason we're acting to reduce our emissions is climate change poses real risks,real risks to the UK as well as round the world."The cost was relatively modest,he said,adding:"What our analysis says quite clearly is that as a proportion of total energy costs,climate costs are a small minority portion.The vast majority of your energy bill is accounted by other things,like wholesale costs and transmission costs."Some of the energy companies,such as German-owned E.ON,laid the blame for the rises partly on the cost of supporting green policies.But the Committee on Climate Change said that such policies had in fact saved￡290 a year off the average household energy bill between 2008 and 2016,because they had encouraged a shifi to A-rated fridge freezers,condensing boilers and a swing away from old time lightbulbs to energy-saving ones.Bell said that future progress on more energy-efficient appliances was slowing slightly,but there was still potential for huge savings."We're still seeing only l%oflighting being LEDs.And what we've not factored in at all is what IT will do for how we manage energy in our homes,"22.The Committee on Climate Change believed that the increase ofBritish household dual energy bill wouldA.reach more than what it had been imagine.B.be balanced by utilizing more energy-saving devices.C.eliminate the use of efficient home appliances.D.force people switch to other apparatus.
Text 1 Giant corporations often claim to be"green,"pointing to programs they've undertaken aimed at being environmentally conscious.But sometimes these efforts don't really amount to much.They can be no more than'igrcenwashing,"a public relations effort that doesn't represent any fundamental shift in thinking.But such a change may actually be going on among several of the world's largest fossil fuel companies,namcs such as ExxonMobil,Shell,and BP.One of the biggest reasons:pressure from the companies'sharcholdcrs.Investors arc asking corporations to make more transparent the effects climate change will have on their businesses,as well as explain what they are doing to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.While sharcholdcr motivcs are cerlainly aimed at helping in the worldwide fight against global warming,they also represent a practical need to better understand a company's prospects.If the burning of oil and gas is grcaily curtailed as a result of the December 2015 intemational Paris climate agreement,for example,how might that affect the bottom line of a corporation whose chief source of revenue is extracting and selling carbon-emitting oil and gas?Or,conversely,how is a company planning to take advantage of the business opportunities that emerge from a shift away from fossil fuels?Climate Action 100+,for example,is a shareholder action group that is asking corporations to make stronger commitments to meeting the 80 percent cut in carbon emissions proposed by the Paris agreement signed two years ago by nearly 200 nations.Some 225 investment groups who manage more than S26.3 trillion have signed on in support.Last week,intemational energy giant ExxonMobil said it will step up its reporting to shareholders and the public about the impacts climate change will have on its business,including any expected increased risks.The new policy follows a vote by ExxonMobil investors at the company's annual meeting in May that called for a yearly assessment of the effects of climate change on the company.The new position represents a sea change for ExxonMobil,which until the early 2000s had disputed the need to take action on climate change.Around the world national govemments are shaping new policies in an effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to a level that will not allow global temperatures to rise more than 2 degrees Celsius.In the U,S.,individual states and cities are pursuing lawsuits against companies that fail to deal responsibly with greenhouse gas emissions,which they contend harm the public.25.The U.S.is quoted to indicateA.its great achievement in dealing with climate change.B.greenhouse gas emissions have been under control.C.countries are striving to cope with climate change.D.it has rules and laws against greenhouse gas emissions
Questions 184-188 refer to the following article.President Barack Obama has issued his call to put global warming at the top of the internationalagenda, pledging to push for coordinated action by the world's biggest countries to tackle problem of climate change.In the speech, the US president on Tuesday laid out a three-pan plan to deal with climate change using the power of his office.He outlined a strategy to cut the US's carbon pollution by reducing emissions from coal-fired power plants; to prepare the US for the impact of climate change, suchas the super storm that ravaged the New Jersey coastline last year, and to lead the world by example in combating changing climate."While no single step can reverse the effects of climate change, the president believes we have a moral obligation to our kids to leave them a planet that's not polluted and White House official said.The coal industry said the proposals could prove devastating-----shares in US coal mining companies have been falling sharply-but Mr. Obama ' s speech was being watched closely around the world.In Europe, where the Eurozone crisis has pushed theclimate change agenda firmly into the political background, environmental campaigners said they hoped Mr.Obama's speech would puncture arguments tackling global warming as bad for the economy.”If you have got the US and China moving, then the argument that the EU is going it alone clearly doesn't stand up to scrutiny anymore," said Tom Brookes of the European Climate Foundation.The president said he would seek to expand new and existing international initiatives,including bilateral initiatives with China, India and other big emissions countries.According to the passage, what was the possible solution for the problem?A. Seeking international coordination of big emission countriesB. Making EU 's action ahead of environment campaignersC. Enhanced awareness of environmental campaignersD. Expanding the influence of some Asian countries
Questions 184-188 refer to the following article.President Barack Obama has issued his call to put global warming at the top of the internationalagenda, pledging to push for coordinated action by the world's biggest countries to tackle problem of climate change.In the speech, the US president on Tuesday laid out a three-pan plan to deal with climate change using the power of his office.He outlined a strategy to cut the US's carbon pollution by reducing emissions from coal-fired power plants; to prepare the US for the impact of climate change, suchas the super storm that ravaged the New Jersey coastline last year, and to lead the world by example in combating changing climate."While no single step can reverse the effects of climate change, the president believes we have a moral obligation to our kids to leave them a planet that's not polluted and White House official said.The coal industry said the proposals could prove devastating-----shares in US coal mining companies have been falling sharply-but Mr. Obama ' s speech was being watched closely around the world.In Europe, where the Eurozone crisis has pushed theclimate change agenda firmly into the political background, environmental campaigners said they hoped Mr.Obama's speech would puncture arguments tackling global warming as bad for the economy.”If you have got the US and China moving, then the argument that the EU is going it alone clearly doesn't stand up to scrutiny anymore," said Tom Brookes of the European Climate Foundation.The president said he would seek to expand new and existing international initiatives,including bilateral initiatives with China, India and other big emissions countries.The Eurozone crisis has caused that_______A. People believed that dealing with environmental problems is bad for the economyB. There has been more environmental campaigners discussing about the issueC. The climate change agenda was influenced by politicsD. The EU was going along with US and China
Questions 184-188 refer to the following article.President Barack Obama has issued his call to put global warming at the top of the internationalagenda, pledging to push for coordinated action by the world's biggest countries to tackle problem of climate change.In the speech, the US president on Tuesday laid out a three-pan plan to deal with climate change using the power of his office.He outlined a strategy to cut the US's carbon pollution by reducing emissions from coal-fired power plants; to prepare the US for the impact of climate change, suchas the super storm that ravaged the New Jersey coastline last year, and to lead the world by example in combating changing climate."While no single step can reverse the effects of climate change, the president believes we have a moral obligation to our kids to leave them a planet that's not polluted and White House official said.The coal industry said the proposals could prove devastating-----shares in US coal mining companies have been falling sharply-but Mr. Obama ' s speech was being watched closely around the world.In Europe, where the Eurozone crisis has pushed theclimate change agenda firmly into the political background, environmental campaigners said they hoped Mr.Obama's speech would puncture arguments tackling global warming as bad for the economy.”If you have got the US and China moving, then the argument that the EU is going it alone clearly doesn't stand up to scrutiny anymore," said Tom Brookes of the European Climate Foundation.The president said he would seek to expand new and existing international initiatives,including bilateral initiatives with China, India and other big emissions countries.According to the passage, it can be implied that the coal industry______A. was indifferent about the proposalB. agreed with the proposalC. would express opinions after close watchingD. disagreed with the proposal
Questions 184-188 refer to the following article.President Barack Obama has issued his call to put global warming at the top of the internationalagenda, pledging to push for coordinated action by the world's biggest countries to tackle problem of climate change.In the speech, the US president on Tuesday laid out a three-pan plan to deal with climate change using the power of his office.He outlined a strategy to cut the US's carbon pollution by reducing emissions from coal-fired power plants; to prepare the US for the impact of climate change, suchas the super storm that ravaged the New Jersey coastline last year, and to lead the world by example in combating changing climate."While no single step can reverse the effects of climate change, the president believes we have a moral obligation to our kids to leave them a planet that's not polluted and White House official said.The coal industry said the proposals could prove devastating-----shares in US coal mining companies have been falling sharply-but Mr. Obama ' s speech was being watched closely around the world.In Europe, where the Eurozone crisis has pushed theclimate change agenda firmly into the political background, environmental campaigners said they hoped Mr.Obama's speech would puncture arguments tackling global warming as bad for the economy.”If you have got the US and China moving, then the argument that the EU is going it alone clearly doesn't stand up to scrutiny anymore," said Tom Brookes of the European Climate Foundation.The president said he would seek to expand new and existing international initiatives,including bilateral initiatives with China, India and other big emissions countries.Which of the following is NOT included in the US president 's strategy?A. to set a good example for the worldB. to fight against the super storm in the New JerseyC. to cut emissions from coal-fired power plantsD. to prepare the US for the influence of the changing climate
Questions 184-188 refer to the following article.President Barack Obama has issued his call to put global warming at the top of the internationalagenda, pledging to push for coordinated action by the world's biggest countries to tackle problem of climate change.In the speech, the US president on Tuesday laid out a three-pan plan to deal with climate change using the power of his office.He outlined a strategy to cut the US's carbon pollution by reducing emissions from coal-fired power plants; to prepare the US for the impact of climate change, suchas the super storm that ravaged the New Jersey coastline last year, and to lead the world by example in combating changing climate."While no single step can reverse the effects of climate change, the president believes we have a moral obligation to our kids to leave them a planet that's not polluted and White House official said.The coal industry said the proposals could prove devastating-----shares in US coal mining companies have been falling sharply-but Mr. Obama ' s speech was being watched closely around the world.In Europe, where the Eurozone crisis has pushed theclimate change agenda firmly into the political background, environmental campaigners said they hoped Mr.Obama's speech would puncture arguments tackling global warming as bad for the economy.”If you have got the US and China moving, then the argument that the EU is going it alone clearly doesn't stand up to scrutiny anymore," said Tom Brookes of the European Climate Foundation.The president said he would seek to expand new and existing international initiatives,including bilateral initiatives with China, India and other big emissions countries.What was the main point of Obama ' s speech?A. to call for actions to tackle the problems of climate changeB. to co-ordinate for the implementation of international agendaC. to lay out a plan for environmental problemsD. to find reasons for recent global warming
The world's oceans have warmed 50 percent faster over the last 40 years than previously thought due to climate change,Australian and US climate researchers reported Wednesday．Higher ocean temperatures expand the volume of water,contributing to a rise in sea levels that is covering small island nations and threatening to destroy the low-lying,densely-populated low regions around the globe.The study,published in the British journal Nature,adds to a growing scientific chorus of warnings about the pace and consequences rising oceans．It also serves as a corrective to a massive report issued last year by the Nobel-winning UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC),according to the authors.Rising sea levels are driven by two things:the thermal expansion of sea water,and additional water from melting sources of ice．Both processes are caused by global warming．The ice sheet that sits atop Greenland,for example,contains enough water to raise world ocean levels by seven meters,which would bury sea-level cities from Dhaka to Shanghai.Trying to figure out how much each of these factors contributes to rising sea levels is critically important to understanding climate change,and forecasting future temperature rises,scientists say．But up to now,there has been a puzzling gap between the projections of computer-based climate models,and the observations of scientists gathering data from the oceans.The new study,led by Catia Domingues of the Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research,is the first to reunite the models with observed data．Using new techniques to assess ocean temperatures to a depth of 700 meters from 1961 to 2003,it shows that thermal warming contributed to a 0.53 millimeter-per-year rise in sea levels rather than the 0.32 mm rise reported by the IPCC.Ultimately,the new study should help scientists to__.A.lower water levelsB.change their opinionsC.better predict climate changeD.bury sea-level cities like Dhaka and Shanghai
The world's oceans have warmed 50 percent faster over the last 40 years than previously thought due to climate change,Australian and US climate researchers reported Wednesday．Higher ocean temperatures expand the volume of water,contributing to a rise in sea levels that is covering small island nations and threatening to destroy the low-lying,densely-populated low regions around the globe.The study,published in the British journal Nature,adds to a growing scientific chorus of warnings about the pace and consequences rising oceans．It also serves as a corrective to a massive report issued last year by the Nobel-winning UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC),according to the authors.Rising sea levels are driven by two things:the thermal expansion of sea water,and additional water from melting sources of ice．Both processes are caused by global warming．The ice sheet that sits atop Greenland,for example,contains enough water to raise world ocean levels by seven meters,which would bury sea-level cities from Dhaka to Shanghai.Trying to figure out how much each of these factors contributes to rising sea levels is critically important to understanding climate change,and forecasting future temperature rises,scientists say．But up to now,there has been a puzzling gap between the projections of computer-based climate models,and the observations of scientists gathering data from the oceans.The new study,led by Catia Domingues of the Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research,is the first to reunite the models with observed data．Using new techniques to assess ocean temperatures to a depth of 700 meters from 1961 to 2003,it shows that thermal warming contributed to a 0.53 millimeter-per-year rise in sea levels rather than the 0.32 mm rise reported by the IPCC.The rise in water levels is especially dangerous for small island nations and__.A.low-lying urban areasB.all coastal citiesC.people who live on the beachD.Shanghai
资料：Earlier this month, presidents Barack Obama of the US and Xi Jinping of China made an important symbolic gesture when they committed their countries, the two largest greenhouse gas emitters, to the Paris climate agreement. It was the clearest signal yet to investors worldwide that they need to think about the implications of global warming for their portfolios.On Friday afternoon there was an example of what that might mean Mr Obama’s administration issued an order temporarily blocking construction on a section of the Dakota Access oil pipeline. The move was a response to local concerns raised by the Standing Rock Sioux Tribe about potential damage to historic sites and the threats of oil spills. But it is the global issue of climate change that had raised the profile of Dakota Access, making it into a cause celebre for US environmental campaigners. Bill McKibben of 350.org, which played a key role in the successful effort to stop the Keystone XL pipeline from Canada, has suggested that Mr Obama could block Dakota Access permanently, on the grounds that it would exacerbate the threat of climate change.Last month, the White House’s Council on Environmental Quality issued new guidance for federal agencies, making clear that their decisions should take into account “the potential effects of a proposed action on climate change”, and quantify their consequences for greenhouse gas emissions. Dakota Access is intended to carry crude oil 1,172 miles from North Dakota, a centre of the US shale revolution, to Illinois, en route to refineries around America. The case that it would add to global greenhouse gas emission will be harder to make than for Keystone XL, which would have brought crude from the high-emitting oil sands of western Canada, but the campaigners are certain to try.If Dakota Access is stopped, it will have a significant impact not just on energy Transfer Partners, the company leading the project, but on all North Dakota oil producers and their customers, who will be forced to use more expensive rail transport.Climate change is now an unavoidable business issue. In an excellent paper last week, BlackRock, the world’s largest fund manager, set out some of the ways that investors can reduce their exposure to the risks and benefit from the opportunities that it creates. The paper is a landmark in the rising awareness of the issue among mainstream investors. It is one thing when a philanthropic fund with assets of a few hundred million takes a stand on climate issues, quite another when the warnings come from a company with about $4.9tn under management. As BlackRock points out, investors’ personal views on climate science are irrelevant. Enough governments and businesses are convinced by the scientific consensus that the threat is real, and are driving regulatory and technological changes that interested in you.六If the world is to reduce the risk of catastrophic global warming to acceptable levels, there will have to be a huge reallocation of capital away from fossil fuels and toward low-emission energy sources. That shift has begun, but it needs to go much further. The transition is not straightforward: for as long as oil is the lifeblood of the world’s transport, pipelines will be needed. But when investors and boards make decisions about projects like Dakota Access, they will have to consider their impact on greenhouse gas emissions. The financial consequences of climate change can no longer be ignored.What can we learn from Paragragh 5? （ ）A.BlackRock is philanthropic fund that cares about climate change.B.Investors can take the opportunities brought by climate change.C.The threat brought by climate change still needs scientific evidence.D.What investors think of the climate change is very important.
It is only lately that she's been well enough to go out.A:lastly B:shortly C:recently D:immediately
cindy has created a private agent. she wants her colleagues to be able to use it. which one of the following should she do to achieve this?（）A、 change the agent property to shared B、 copy the agent to a domino 6 server C、 change the agent property to shared code D、 delete the agent. She must create it again as a shared agent
填空题At the global level, countries around the world have expressed a firm commitment to strengthening international responses to the risks of climate change.____
填空题The world’s most extensive research effort on climate change is now regulated by the U.S. Global Change Research Program.____
单选题Hannah finished building her new all-purpose projects room last year, and she has been working in the room ever since.Aand she has been working in the room ever sinceBand since that time she has worked thereCwhere always since she worksDshe has been working in that room ever sinceEand since then is working there
单选题cindy has created a private agent. she wants her colleagues to be able to use it. which one of the following should she do to achieve this?（）A change the agent property to shared B copy the agent to a domino 6 server C change the agent property to shared code D delete the agent. She must create it again as a shared agent