单选题The text suggests that investigators of monkeys’ social behavior have been especially interested in aggressive behavior among monkeys because ______.Aaggression is the most common social behavior among monkeysBsuccessful competition for incentives determines the social order in a monkey groupCsituation that elicit aggressive behavior can be studied in a laboratoryDmost monkeys are potentially aggressive, yet they live in social units that could not function without control of their aggressive impulses
单选题
The text suggests that investigators of monkeys’ social behavior have been especially interested in aggressive behavior among monkeys because ______.
A
aggression is the most common social behavior among monkeys
B
successful competition for incentives determines the social order in a monkey group
C
situation that elicit aggressive behavior can be studied in a laboratory
D
most monkeys are potentially aggressive, yet they live in social units that could not function without control of their aggressive impulses
参考解析
解析：
细节题。文章第一段最后一句提到“Studies directed at describing aggressive behavior and the situations that elicit it…were therefore among the first investigations of monkeys’ social behavior”，由therefore可知前面既是研究人员选择研究该项目的原因，文章首句提到“Investigators of monkey’s social behavior have always been struck by monkeys’ aggressive potential and the consequent need for social control of their aggressive behavior”，对应选项D，故D项为正确答案。
细节题。文章第一段最后一句提到“Studies directed at describing aggressive behavior and the situations that elicit it…were therefore among the first investigations of monkeys’ social behavior”，由therefore可知前面既是研究人员选择研究该项目的原因，文章首句提到“Investigators of monkey’s social behavior have always been struck by monkeys’ aggressive potential and the consequent need for social control of their aggressive behavior”，对应选项D，故D项为正确答案。
相关考题：
What can we infer from the last paragraph?[A] Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.[B] Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.[C] Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.[D] Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.
Other fields of study also contribute to this knowledge: Psychology and ethics try to explain how objectives are formed, history records changes in human objectives, and sociology interprets human behavior. in social contexts.
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Any negative tradition or behavior. that is generally regarded as harmful to social welfare and forbidden within a cultural or social group. A、The definition for tabooB、The definition for cultureC、The definition for customsD、The definition for an individual style
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Text 4Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. It fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics and industrial techniques, those conventions and values, which distinguish one community from all others that belong to a different tradition.The distinguishing mark of anthropology among the social sciences is that it includes for serious study more other societies than our own. For its purposes any social regulation of mating and reproduction is as significant as our own, though it may be that of the Sea Dyaks, and have no possible historical relation to that of our civilization. To the anthropologist, our customs and those of a New Guinea tribe are two possible social schemes for dealing with a common problem, arid in so far as he remains an anthropologist he is bound to avoid any weighting of one in favor of the other, lie is interested in human behavior, not as it is shaped by one tradition, our own, but as it has been shaped by any tradition whatsoever. He is interested in a wide range of custom that is found in various cultures, and his object is to understand the way in which these cultures change and differentiated, the different forms through which they express themselves and the manner in which the customs of any peoples function in the lives of the individuals.Now custom has not been commonly regarded as a subject of any great moment. The inner workings of our own brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but custom, we have a way of thinking, is behavior. at its most commonplace. As a matter of fact, it is the other way round. Traditional custom is a mass of detailed behavior. more astonishing than what any one person can ever evolve in individual actions. Yet that is a rather trivial aspect of the matter. The fact of first rate importance is the predominant role that custom plays in experience and belief, and the very great varieties it may manifest.36. According to the passage, we can say that anthropology ______.A)can deal with human beings as one group of the creatures in the living worldB) can reveal an enormous diversity of traditionsC) can provide insights into the relationship between human beings and natureD) can distinguish the human race from other creatures
The author mentions Harlow’s experiment to show that（ ）A． adults should develop social skillsB． babies need warm physical contactC． caregivers should be healthy adultsD． monkeys have social relationships
______________.(A). Although no such evidence was presented, the casino's marketing department continued to pepper him with mailings. And he entered the casino and used his Fun Card without being detected. (B). It is unclear what luring was required, given his compulsive behavior. And in what sense was his will operative? (C). By the time he had lost $5,000 he said to himself that if he could get back to even, he would quit. One night he won $5,500, but he did not quit. (D). Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but for a long time it was broadly considered a sin, or a social disease. Now it is a social policy: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is government. (E). David Williams’s suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don’t bet on it. (F). It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems, often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of will. (G). The anonymous, lonely, undistracted nature of online gambling is especially conductive to compulsive behavior. But even if the government knew how to move against Internet gambling, what would be its grounds for doing so?
According to the text, newspaper is losing profits in job ads because（ ）[A] their prices are too high[B] the employment rate is quite high[C] Internet company provides free services[D] competition among newspapers is tight
请阅读Passage 2，完成题：A big focus of the criticism of computer games has concerned the content of the games being played. When the narratives of the games are analyzed they can be seen to fall into some genres.The two genres most popular with the children I interviewed were'Plafformers' and 'Beat-them-ups'. Platform games such as Sonic and Super Mario involve leaping from platform to platform,avoiding obstacles, moving on through the levels, and progressing through the different stages of the game. Beat-them-ups are the games which have caused concern over their violent content. These games involve fights between animated characters. In many ways this violence can be compared to violence within children's cartoons where a character is hit over the head or falls of a cliff but walks away unscathed.Controversy has occurred in part because of the intensity of the game play, which is said to spill over into children's everyday lives. There are worries that children are becoming more violent and aggressive after prolonged exposure to these games. Playing computer games involves feelings of intense frustration and anger which often expresses itself in aggressive 'yells' at the screen. It is not only the'Beat-them-up' games which produce this aggression; platform games are just as frustrating when the characters lose all their'lives' and'die' just before the end of the level is reached. Computer gaming relies upon intense concentration on the moving images on the screen and demands great hand-to-eye coordination. When the player loses and the words'Game over' appear on the screen, there is annoyance and frustration at being beaten by the computer and at having made an error. This anger and aggression could perhaps be compared to the aggression felt when playing football and you take your eye off the ball and enable the opposition to score. The annoyance experienced when defeated at a computer game is what makes gaming'addictive': the player is determined not to make the same mistake again and to have'one last go' in the hope of doing better next time.Some of the concern over the violence of computer games has been about children who are unable to tell the difference between fiction and reality and who act out the violent moves of the games in fight on the playground. The problem with video games is that they involve children more than television or films and this means there are more implications for their social behavior. Playing these games can lead to anti-social behavior, make children aggressive and affect their emotional stability.According to the second paragraph, how does violence relate to playing computer games?查看材料A．When losing computer games children tend to experience frustration and anger.B．Beat-Them-Ups are more popular with children therefore more likely to produce violent behavior.C．People who have good hand-eye-coordination tend to be more violent than others.D．The violent content in the games gets children addicted to the games.
请阅读Passage 2，完成题：A big focus of the criticism of computer games has concerned the content of the games being played. When the narratives of the games are analyzed they can be seen to fall into some genres.The two genres most popular with the children I interviewed were'Plafformers' and 'Beat-them-ups'. Platform games such as Sonic and Super Mario involve leaping from platform to platform,avoiding obstacles, moving on through the levels, and progressing through the different stages of the game. Beat-them-ups are the games which have caused concern over their violent content. These games involve fights between animated characters. In many ways this violence can be compared to violence within children's cartoons where a character is hit over the head or falls of a cliff but walks away unscathed.Controversy has occurred in part because of the intensity of the game play, which is said to spill over into children's everyday lives. There are worries that children are becoming more violent and aggressive after prolonged exposure to these games. Playing computer games involves feelings of intense frustration and anger which often expresses itself in aggressive 'yells' at the screen. It is not only the'Beat-them-up' games which produce this aggression; platform games are just as frustrating when the characters lose all their'lives' and'die' just before the end of the level is reached. Computer gaming relies upon intense concentration on the moving images on the screen and demands great hand-to-eye coordination. When the player loses and the words'Game over' appear on the screen, there is annoyance and frustration at being beaten by the computer and at having made an error. This anger and aggression could perhaps be compared to the aggression felt when playing football and you take your eye off the ball and enable the opposition to score. The annoyance experienced when defeated at a computer game is what makes gaming'addictive': the player is determined not to make the same mistake again and to have'one last go' in the hope of doing better next time.Some of the concern over the violence of computer games has been about children who are unable to tell the difference between fiction and reality and who act out the violent moves of the games in fight on the playground. The problem with video games is that they involve children more than television or films and this means there are more implications for their social behavior. Playing these games can lead to anti-social behavior, make children aggressive and affect their emotional stability.According to the author, why do video games lead to violence more than TV or movies?查看材料A．Because children cannot tell fiction from reality.B．Because children like to act out the scenes in the games on the playground.C．Because computer games involve children more than TV or films.D．Because computer games can produce more anti-social behavior.
Theories centering on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior because they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through_______with others.A.interactionB.assimilationC.cooperationD.consultation
Text 1 Come on–Everybody’s doing it.That whispered message,half invitation and half forcing,is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure.It usually leads to no good-drinking,drugs and casual sex.But in her new book Join the Club,Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure,in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.Rosenberg,the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize,offers a host of example of the social cure in action:In South Carolina,a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool.In South Africa,an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers.The idea seems promising，and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer.Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on:they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits,and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology.”Dare to be different,please don’t smoke!”pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers-teenagers,who desire nothing more than fitting in.Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers,so skilled at applying peer pressure.But on the general effectiveness of the social cure,Rosenberg is less persuasive.Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful.The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very well for very long.Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut.Evidence that the LoveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and mixed.There’s no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior.An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits-as well as negative ones-spread through networks of friends via social communication.This is a subtle form of peer pressure:we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.Far less certain,however,is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions.It’s like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates.The tactic never really works.And that’s the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside:in the real world,as in school,we insist on choosing our own friends.23.In the author’s view,Rosenberg’s book fails toA.adequately probe social and biological factorsB.effectively evade the flaws of the social cureC.illustrate the functions of state fundingD.produce a long-lasting social effect
单选题The text supplies information to answer which of the following questions?AHow does the reduction of space affect intragroup aggression among monkeys in an experimental setting?BDo family units within a monkey social group compete with other family units for food?CWhat are the mechanisms by which the social order of an established group of monkeys controls aggression within that group?DHow do monkeys engaged in aggression with other monkeys signal submission?
单选题Professional car thieves are interested in dust-free American cars because ______.Athey have enough time to dispose of the stolen carsBthey have a special interest in American carsCAmerican cars are popular among the dealersDAmerican cars are usually new and expensive
单选题The statement that children learn by imitation is incomplete because _____.Athey only imitate authorities and expertsBthey are not willing to copy their parentsCthe process of identification has been ignoredDthe nature of their imitation as a form of behavior has been neglected
单选题The statement that children learn by imitation is incomplete because______.Athey only imitate authorities and expertsBthey are not willing to copy their parentsCthe process of identification has been ignoredDthe nature of their imitation as a form of behavior has been neglected
单选题How does the writer feel about the fact that people hate to see rubbish but still throw it carelessly?ATheir behavior is ridiculous.BTheir behavior is immoral.CTheir behavior is foolish.DTheir behavior is illegal.
单选题Studying the diverse wisdom of others can _____.Acreate varying artistic interestsBhelp people see things in their right perspectiveChelp improve connections among peopleDregulate the behavior of modern people
填空题If only she (know) ____ that her behavior was not welcome, she would have been more careful with it.
单选题Which of the following best summarizes the findings reported in the text about the effects of food deprivation on monkeys’ behavior?AFood deprivation has no effect on aggression among monkeys.BFood deprivation increases aggression among monkeys because one of the most potent stimuli for eliciting aggression is the competition for incentives.CFood deprivation may increase long-term aggression among monkeys in a laboratory setting, but it produces only temporary increase among monkeys in the wild.DFood deprivation may temporarily increase aggression among monkeys, but it also leads to a decrease in conflict.
单选题The author of the text is primarily concerned with ______.Aadvancing a new methodology for changing a monkey’s social behaviorBcomparing the methods of several research studies on aggression among monkeysCexplaining the reasons for researcher’s interest in monkey’ s social behaviorDdiscussing the development of investigators’ theories about aggression among monkeys
单选题My grandmother's behavior is always ______; she demonstrates correct etiquette in every social situation.AsumptuousBtenuousCdecorousDspeciousEimperious
单选题A survey was recently given to all high school students in a certain town to measure the effect of environmental factors on attitudes and behavior, and the results indicated that students who play a minimum of two hours per day of violent video games are more likely to engage in violent behavior in school and at home. Therefore, playing violent video games encourages violence among teens. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument above?AThe same survey was conducted in a neighboring town with similar results.BPlaying violent video games keeps violent teenagers at home and prevents them from engaging in publicly aggressive behavior.CThe survey used a standard question format that did not allow students to produce responses that could not be interpreted incorrectly.DStudents who play violent video games often have a history of behavioral issues leading back to early childhood.EThe survey was given over a period of days to ensure that all students attending the high school would participate.