免疫逃避immune evasion
免疫逃避immune evasion
相关考题：
有些寄生虫侵入免疫功能正常的宿主体内后，能逃避宿主的免疫攻击而继续生存、发育、繁殖，这种现象称为免疫逃避。免疫逃避的机制包括2个方面，即源于宿主的免疫逃避和源于寄生虫的免疫逃避。封闭抗体属于的免疫逃避机制为A、抗原变异B、抗体变异C、抑制宿主的免疫应答D、抗原伪装E、抗体伪装非洲锥虫有顺序地更换其表面糖蛋白，其免疫逃避机制为A、抗原变异B、抗体变异C、分子模拟D、抗原伪装E、抗体伪装
共用题干第一篇Immune FunctionsThe immune system is equal in complexity to the combined intricacies of the brain and nervous system. The success of the immune system in defending the body relies on a dynamic regulatory communication net- work consisting of millions and millions of cells.Organized into sets and subsets,these cells pass information back and forth like clouds of bees flying around a hive（蜂巢）.The result is a sensitive system of checks and balances that produces an immune response that is prompt,appropriate,effective,and self-limiting.At the heart of the immune system is the ability to distinguish between self and nonself. When immune defenders encounter cells or organisms carrying foreign or nonself molecules,the immune troops move quicklyto eliminate the intruders（人侵者）.Virtually every body cell carries distinctive molecules that identify it as self. The body's immune defenses do not normally attack tissues that carry a self-marker. Rather,immune cells and other body cells coexist peaceably in a state known as self-tolerance.When a normally functioning immune system attacks a nonself molecule,the system has the ability to"remember"the specifics of the foreign body.Upon subsequent encounters with the same species of molecules,the immune system reacts accordingly. With the possible exception of antibodies（抗体）passed during lactation（授乳期）, this so called immune system memory is not inherited.Despite the occurrence of a virus in your family,your immune system must"learn"from experience with the many millions of distinctive nonseif molecules in the sea of microbes（微生物）in which we live. Learning entails producing the appropriate molecules and cells to match up with and counteract each nonseif invader.Any substance capable of triggering an immune response is called an antigen（抗原）.Antigens are not to be confused with illergens（过敏原）,which are most often harmless substances that provoke the immune system to set off the inappropriate and harmful response known as allergy.An antigen can be a virus,a bacte-rium,or even a portion or product of one of these organisms.Tissues or cells from another individual also act as antigens,because the immune system recognizes transplanted tissues as foreign,it rejects them.The body will even reject nourishing proteins unless they are first broken down by the digestive system into their primary,nonantigenic building blocks.An antigen announces its foreignness by means of intricate and charac- teristic shapes called epitopes（抗原表位）, which protrude（突出）from its surface. Most antigens , even the simplest microbes,carry several different kinds of epitopes on their surface;some may even carry several hundreds.Some epitopes will be more effective than others at stimulating an immune response.Only in abnormal situations does the immune system wrongly identify self as nonself and execute a misdirected immune attack.What is used to describe the communication network consisting of cells in the immune system?A:The immune system's memory.B:Immune troops sliminating intruders.C:Bees flying around a hive.D:A sea of microbes.
共用题干第一篇Immune FunctionsThe immune system is equal in complexity to the combined intricacies of the brain and nervous system. The success of the immune system in defending the body relies on a dynamic regulatory communication net- work consisting of millions and millions of cells.Organized into sets and subsets,these cells pass information back and forth like clouds of bees flying around a hive（蜂巢）.The result is a sensitive system of checks and balances that produces an immune response that is prompt,appropriate,effective,and self-limiting.At the heart of the immune system is the ability to distinguish between self and nonself. When immune defenders encounter cells or organisms carrying foreign or nonself molecules,the immune troops move quicklyto eliminate the intruders（人侵者）.Virtually every body cell carries distinctive molecules that identify it as self. The body's immune defenses do not normally attack tissues that carry a self-marker. Rather,immune cells and other body cells coexist peaceably in a state known as self-tolerance.When a normally functioning immune system attacks a nonself molecule,the system has the ability to"remember"the specifics of the foreign body.Upon subsequent encounters with the same species of molecules,the immune system reacts accordingly. With the possible exception of antibodies（抗体）passed during lactation（授乳期）, this so called immune system memory is not inherited.Despite the occurrence of a virus in your family,your immune system must"learn"from experience with the many millions of distinctive nonseif molecules in the sea of microbes（微生物）in which we live. Learning entails producing the appropriate molecules and cells to match up with and counteract each nonseif invader.Any substance capable of triggering an immune response is called an antigen（抗原）.Antigens are not to be confused with illergens（过敏原）,which are most often harmless substances that provoke the immune system to set off the inappropriate and harmful response known as allergy.An antigen can be a virus,a bacte-rium,or even a portion or product of one of these organisms.Tissues or cells from another individual also act as antigens,because the immune system recognizes transplanted tissues as foreign,it rejects them.The body will even reject nourishing proteins unless they are first broken down by the digestive system into their primary,nonantigenic building blocks.An antigen announces its foreignness by means of intricate and charac- teristic shapes called epitopes（抗原表位）, which protrude（突出）from its surface. Most antigens , even the simplest microbes,carry several different kinds of epitopes on their surface;some may even carry several hundreds.Some epitopes will be more effective than others at stimulating an immune response.Only in abnormal situations does the immune system wrongly identify self as nonself and execute a misdirected immune attack.The immune cells and other cells in the body coexist peaceably in a state known as________.A:self-toleranceB:balanceC:harmonyD:tolerance
问答题简述寄生虫免疫逃避的机制？