Open Shortes t Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol developed for Internet Protocol (IP) networks by the Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Which two statements best describe the OSPF link - state routing pro tocol?（）A、OSPF sends updates every 10 secondsB、OSPF sends triggered updates when a network change occursC、When a link state is changed, the router that detected the change creates a link - state advertisement (LSA) and propagates it to all OSPF devices using the 224.0.0.6 multicast addressD、OSPF sends summaries of individual link- state entries every 30 minutes to ensure LSDB synchronization
Open Shortes t Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol developed for Internet Protocol (IP) networks by the Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Which two statements best describe the OSPF link - state routing pro tocol?（）
- A、OSPF sends updates every 10 seconds
- B、OSPF sends triggered updates when a network change occurs
- C、When a link state is changed, the router that detected the change creates a link - state advertisement (LSA) and propagates it to all OSPF devices using the 224.0.0.6 multicast address
- D、OSPF sends summaries of individual link- state entries every 30 minutes to ensure LSDB synchronization
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TCP/IP is a communication protocol, which provides many different networking services. The TCP/IP Internet protocol suite is formed from two standards: the TCP （Transmission Control Protocol） and the IP（Internet Protocol）.（72） means it is on the transport layer.A.ISOB.IPC.OSID.TCP
For each blank, choose the best answer from the four choices and write down on the answer'sheet.(66)is a protocol that a host uses to inform. a router when it joins or leaves an Internet multicast group.(67)is an error detection code that most data communication networks use.(68)is an interior gateway protocol that uses a distance vector algorithm to propagate routing information.(69)is a transfer mode in which all types of information are organized into fixed form. cells on an asynchronous or non-periodic basis over a range of media.(70)is an identifier of a web page.A．ICMPB．SMTPC．IGMPD．ARP
Which command allows viewing of only OSPF routes?() A.show ip ospf routeB.show ip route protocol ospfC.show route protocol ospfD.show ospf table
Which two statements about route redistribution when implementing OSPF are true?() A. Routes learned using any IP routing protocol can only be redistributed into non IP routing protocols.B. OSPF can import routes learned using EIGRP, RIP, and IS - IS.C. OSPF routes cannot be exported into EIGRP, RIP, an d IS - IS.D. At the interdomain level, OSPF cannot import routes learned using BGP.E. OSPF routes can be exported into BGP.
Which of the following statements regarding routed and routing protocols are true?() A. A routed protocol is assigned to an interface and determines the method of packet deliver.B. A routing protocol determines the path of a packet through a network.C. A routed protocol determines the path of a packet through a network.D. A routing protocol operates at the transport layer of the OSI model.E. A routed protocol updates the routing table of a router.
Which two statements are true about Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) snooping?() A. IGMP snooping and Cisco Group Membership Protocol (CGMP) can be used simultaneously on a switch.B. IGMP snooping a nd Cisco Group Membership Protocol (CGMP) were developed to help Layer 3 switches make intelligent forwarding decisions on their own.C. IGMP snooping examines IGMP join/leave messages so that multicast traffic is forwarded only to hosts that sent an IG MP message toward the router.D. IGMP snooping is an IP multicast constraining mechanism for Layer 2 switches.E. IGMP snooping is enabled with the ip multicast - routing global configuration command.
Open Shortes t Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol developed for Internet Protocol (IP) networks by the Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).Which two statements best describe the OSPF link - state routing pro tocol?（）A. OSPF sends updates every 10 secondsB. OSPF sends triggered updates when a network change occursC. When a link state is changed, the router that detected the change creates a link - state advertisement (LSA) and propagates it to all OSPF devices using the 224.0.0.6 multicast addressD. OSPF sends summaries of individual link- state entries every 30 minutes to ensure LSDB synchronization
Into which two types of areas would an area border router (ABR) inject a default route?() A. stubB. the autonomous system of an exte rior gateway protocol (EGP)C. NSSAD. totally stubbyE. the autonomous system of a different interior gateway protocol (IGP)F. area 0
What are three characteristics of the OSPF routing protocol?() A. It converges quickly.B. OSPF is a classful routing protocol.C. It uses cost to determine the best route.D. It uses the DUAL algorithm to determine the best route.E. OSPF routers send the complete routing table to all directly attached routers.F. OSPF routers discover neighbors before exchanging routing information.
How will router A choose a path to the 10.1.2.0／24 network when different routing protocols are configured (Choose three.)()。 A.If RIPv2 is the routing protocol, only the path AD will be installed in the routing table by default.B.If RIPv2 is the routing protocol, the equal cost paths ABD and ACD will be installed in the routing table by default.C.If EIGRP is the routing protocol, only the path AD will be installed in the routing table by default.D.If EIGRP is the routing protocol, the equal cost paths ABD and ACD will be installed in the routing table by default.E.If EIGRP and OSPF are both running on the network, the EIGRP paths will be installed in the routing table.F.If EIGRP and OSPF are both running on the network, the OSPF paths will be installed in the routing table.
OSPF is a link-state routing protocol。It is designed to be run internal to a single （）system。Each OSPF router maintains an identical （）describing the autonomous system’s topology。From this database，a routing table is calculated by constructing a shortest-path （）。OSPF recalculates routes quickly in the face of topological changes，utilizing a minimum of routing （74） traffic。OSPF provides support for equal-cost multipath。An area routing capability is provided，enabling an additional level of routing protection and a reduction in routing protocol （）。A.protocolB.networkC.broadcast D.multipath
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) was designed as an （ ） gateway protocol, for use in an autonomous system such as a local area network (LAN). It implements Dijkstra's algorithm, also known as the （ ） path first algorithm. As a link-state routing protocol it was based on the link-state algorithm developed for the ARPANET in 1980 and the IS-IS routing protocol. OSPF was first standardised in 1989 as RFC 1131, which is now known as OSPF version 1.Routing protocols like OSPF calculate the shortest route to a destination through the network based on an algorithm. The first routing protocol that was widely implemented, the （请作答此空）, calculated the shortest route based on hops, that is the number of routers that an IP packet had to traverse to reach the destination host. RIP successfully implemented dynamic routing, where routing tables change if the network topology changes. But RIP did not adapt its routing according to changing network conditions, such as data-transfer rate. Demand grew for a dynamic routing protocol that could calculate the fastest route to a destination. （ ） was developed so that the shortest path through a network was calculated based on the cost of the route, taking into account bandwidth, delay and load. Therefore OSPF undertakes route cost calculation on the basis of link-cost parameters, which can be weighted by the administrator. OSPF was quickly adopted because it became known for reliably calculating routes through large and complex local area networks.As a link state routing protocol, OSPF maintains link state （ ）, which are really network topology maps, on every router on which it is implemented. The state of a given route in the network is the cost, and OSPF algorithm allows every router to calculate the cost of the routes to any given reachable destination. Unless the administrator has made a configuration, the link cost of a path connected to a router is determined by the bit rate (1 Gbit/s, 10 Gbit/s, etc) of the interface. A router interface with OSPF will then advertise its link cost to neighbouring routers through multicast, known as the hello procedure. All routers with OSPF implementation keep sending hello packets, and thus changes in the cost of their links become known to neighbouring routers. The information about the cost of a link, that is the speed of a point to point connection between two routers, is then cascaded through the network because OSPF routers advertise the information they receive from one neighbouring router to all other neighbouring routers. This process of flooding link state information through the network is known as synchronisation. Based on this information, all routers with OSPF implementation continuously update their link state databases with information about the network topology and adjust their routing tables.OSPF has become a popular dynamic routing protocol. Other commonly used dynamic routing protocols are the RIP and the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). Today routers support at least one interior gateway protocol to advertise their routing tables within a local area network. Frequently implemented interior gateway protocols besides OSPF are RIP, IS-IS, and the proprietary Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) by Cisco.A.OSPFB.RIPC.IS-ISD.EIGRP
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an Internet Standard protocol for collecting and organizing information about managed devices on IP networks and for modifying that information to change device（）. SNMP is a component of the Internet Protocol Suiteas defined by the Internet（ ）Task Force. SNMP operates in the（ ）layer of the Internet protocol suite. All SNMP messages are transported via User（请作答此空）Protocol. An SNMP-managed network consists of three key components: a) Managed devices, b) （ ）(i.e.，software which runs on managed devices), and c) Network management station (NMS) (i.e.， software which runs on the manager).A.DatumB.DatagramC.DatA.PacketD.DatA.Message
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) was designed as an （请作答此空） gateway protocol, for use in an autonomous system such as a local area network (LAN). It implements Dijkstra's algorithm, also known as the （ ） path first algorithm. As a link-state routing protocol it was based on the link-state algorithm developed for the ARPANET in 1980 and the IS-IS routing protocol. OSPF was first standardised in 1989 as RFC 1131, which is now known as OSPF version 1.Routing protocols like OSPF calculate the shortest route to a destination through the network based on an algorithm. The first routing protocol that was widely implemented, the （ ）, calculated the shortest route based on hops, that is the number of routers that an IP packet had to traverse to reach the destination host. RIP successfully implemented dynamic routing, where routing tables change if the network topology changes. But RIP did not adapt its routing according to changing network conditions, such as data-transfer rate. Demand grew for a dynamic routing protocol that could calculate the fastest route to a destination. （ ） was developed so that the shortest path through a network was calculated based on the cost of the route, taking into account bandwidth, delay and load. Therefore OSPF undertakes route cost calculation on the basis of link-cost parameters, which can be weighted by the administrator. OSPF was quickly adopted because it became known for reliably calculating routes through large and complex local area networks.As a link state routing protocol, OSPF maintains link state （ ）, which are really network topology maps, on every router on which it is implemented. The state of a given route in the network is the cost, and OSPF algorithm allows every router to calculate the cost of the routes to any given reachable destination. Unless the administrator has made a configuration, the link cost of a path connected to a router is determined by the bit rate (1 Gbit/s, 10 Gbit/s, etc) of the interface. A router interface with OSPF will then advertise its link cost to neighbouring routers through multicast, known as the hello procedure. All routers with OSPF implementation keep sending hello packets, and thus changes in the cost of their links become known to neighbouring routers. The information about the cost of a link, that is the speed of a point to point connection between two routers, is then cascaded through the network because OSPF routers advertise the information they receive from one neighbouring router to all other neighbouring routers. This process of flooding link state information through the network is known as synchronisation. Based on this information, all routers with OSPF implementation continuously update their link state databases with information about the network topology and adjust their routing tables.OSPF has become a popular dynamic routing protocol. Other commonly used dynamic routing protocols are the RIP and the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). Today routers support at least one interior gateway protocol to advertise their routing tables within a local area network. Frequently implemented interior gateway protocols besides OSPF are RIP, IS-IS, and the proprietary Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) by Cisco.A.exteriorB.interiorC.borderD.routing
OSPF is a link-state routing protocol。It is designed to be run internal to a single （71）system。Each OSPF router maintains an identical （）describing the autonomous system’s topology。From this database，a routing table is calculated by constructing a shortest-path （）。OSPF recalculates routes quickly in the face of topological changes，utilizing a minimum of routing （） traffic。OSPF provides support for equal-cost multipath。An area routing capability is provided，enabling an additional level of routing protection and a reduction in routing protocol （）。A.autonomous B.network C.computer D.server
If the OSPF protocol is used to connect customer edge （CE） routers to service provider edge（PE） routers in the VPN backbone， which two options best describe the use of SHAM links？（）A、A sham-link is created between any twoo VPN sites that belong to the same OSPF area and share an OSPF backdoor linkB、A sham-link is seen as an intra-area link between PE routers，an OSPF adjacency is created and data base is exchangedC、A SHAM link is created between two directly connected PE routers so that it is preferred over the low speed backdoor doorD、A SHAM link is part of OSPF network of MPLS-VPN provider
Which of the following data structures exist on a router for the OSPF routing protocol？（）A、OSPF topology tableB、OSPF interface tableC、OSPF routing information baseD、OSPF link-state databaseE、OSPF adjacency tableF、OSPF neighbor table
What is true regarding Autonomous Systems （AS ）？（）A、AS numbers are assigned by the IANAB、AS numbers are used by BGP （Border Gateway protocol ） to exchange IP routing information with neighboring ASC、In the internet， an Autonomous System （AS） is a collection of IP networks and routers under the controlD、All of the Above
Which two Internet Protocol (IP) telephony devices are best categorized as infrastructure components? （）A、Call management softwareB、Media Convergence Servers (MCSs)C、Voice gatewaysD、IP telephones
Into which two types of areas would an area border router (ABR) inject a default route?（）A、stubB、the autonomous system of an exte rior gateway protocol (EGP)C、NSSAD、totally stubbyE、the autonomous system of a different interior gateway protocol (IGP)F、area 0
Which two statements are true about Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) snooping?（）A、IGMP snooping and Cisco Group Membership Protocol (CGMP) can be used simultaneously on a switch.B、IGMP snooping a nd Cisco Group Membership Protocol (CGMP) were developed to help Layer 3 switches make intelligent forwarding decisions on their own.C、IGMP snooping examines IGMP join/leave messages so that multicast traffic is forwarded only to hosts that sent an IG MP message toward the router.D、IGMP snooping is an IP multicast constraining mechanism for Layer 2 switches.E、IGMP snooping is enabled with the ip multicast - routing global configuration command.
Which two Internet Protocol (IP) telephony devices are best categorized as infrastructure components? （）A、IP telephonesB、Voice gatewaysC、Call management softwareD、Media Convergence Servers (MCSs)
Which command allows viewing of only OSPF routes?（）A、show ip ospf routeB、show ip route protocol ospfC、show route protocol ospfD、show ospf table
多选题Open Shortes t Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol developed for Internet Protocol (IP) networks by the Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Which two statements best describe the OSPF link - state routing pro tocol?（）AOSPF sends updates every 10 secondsBOSPF sends triggered updates when a network change occursCWhen a link state is changed, the router that detected the change creates a link - state advertisement (LSA) and propagates it to all OSPF devices using the 224.0.0.6 multicast addressDOSPF sends summaries of individual link- state entries every 30 minutes to ensure LSDB synchronization
多选题Which two Internet Protocol (IP) telephony devices are best categorized as infrastructurecomponents?（）ACall management softwareBMedia Convergence Servers (MCSs)CVoice gatewaysDIP telephones
多选题How will router A choose a path to the 10.1.2.0/24 network when different routing protocols are configured (Choose three.)（）。AIf RIPv2 is the routing protocol, only the path AD will be installed in the routing table by default.BIf RIPv2 is the routing protocol, the equal cost paths ABD and ACD will be installed in the routing table by default.CIf EIGRP is the routing protocol, only the path AD will be installed in the routing table by default.DIf EIGRP is the routing protocol, the equal cost paths ABD and ACD will be installed in the routing table by default.EIf EIGRP and OSPF are both running on the network, the EIGRP paths will be installed in the routing table.FIf EIGRP and OSPF are both running on the network, the OSPF paths will be installed in the routing table.
单选题What is true regarding Autonomous Systems （AS ）？（）AAS numbers are assigned by the IANABAS numbers are used by BGP （Border Gateway protocol ） to exchange IP routing information with neighboring ASCIn the internet， an Autonomous System （AS） is a collection of IP networks and routers under the controlDAll of the Above