Federal Reserve policymakers clashed over the benefits and risks of launching a $600 billion program to rejuvenate the economy, hut voted for it anyway, according to minutes of their closed-door deliberations released Tuesday.Despite a near unanimous 10-1
Federal Reserve policymakers clashed over the benefits and risks of launching a $600 billion program to rejuvenate the economy, hut voted for it anyway, according to minutes of their closed-door deliberations released Tuesday.Despite a near unanimous 10-1
参考解析
解析：根据星期二的关门会议记录，美联储政策制定者对向经济体注资6千亿美元的风险与收 益持不同看法，但还是投了赞成票。尽管10: 1投票接近完全同意此计划，11月2、3号的会议 记录仍然会显示一些美联储的官员在关心二轮的刺激计划。 美联储还在10月份的会议上讨论了是否要采纳一个直接通货膨胀目标，但决定不采纳，通 货膨账率处在美联储的温和区域下1.5 ~2个百分点，那还意味着些许通货紧缩。 在解释更多刺激的需要时，美联储说其主要的最大化就业及确认价格在公平的水平上的进 程令人失望地缓慢。实际上，美联储对2010年与2011年的预期是看哀的。政府官员说经济增 长会变缓，失业率将比之前六月份的预测要高。
相关考题：
Many companies self insure against some risk. Problems which can arise from self-insurance include:A failure to reserve funds to handle worst case scenarios (low probability events) resulting in severe financial damage to the companyB stiff competition from insurance companiesC confusion of business risks with insurable risks.D A and CE All of the above.
The advice for Buttonwood suggests that _____.［A］ Paul Volcker enjoyed making comments on controlling inflation［B］ the Federal Reserve has an all-capable power over inflation control［C］ economy has the greatest influence upon the daily life of ordinary people［D］ the economic sphere and bond markets are indicative of each other
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In what form. are the reserves required to he held?A．In the form. of currency and coin on the premises.B．In the form. of vault cash.C．In a deposit at a regional Federal Reserve Bank.D．All of the above.
To support the econmy, the United States Federal Reserve lowered interest rates.() 此题为判断题(对，错)。
According to some experts ，the development of convention venues in Beijing will contribute substantially to the local economy.()
听力原文：In the United States, the Federal Gold Reserve acts as the central bank.(2)A．In the US, the Federal Gold Reserve acts as the central bank.B．In the US, the central bank is the commercial bank.C．In the US, there is no central bank.D．In the US, the central bank is not so important.
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President Arling has put his long awaited economic restructuring program before the Congress.It provides a coordinateD.program of investment credits,research grants,education reforms,and changes designed to make American industry morecompetitive.This is necessary to reverse economic slide into unemployment,lack of growth,and trade deficits that haveplagued the economy for the past six years.The most liberal wing of the President’s party has called for stronger and more direct action.They want an incomes policyto check inflation while federal financing helps rebuild industry behind a wall of protective tariffs.The Republicans,however,decry even the modest,graduated tax increases in the President’s program.They want taxcuts and more open market.They say if federal money has to be injected into the economy,let it through defence spending.Both these alternatives ignore the unique nature of the economic problem before us.It is not simply a matter of markets orfinancing.The new technology allows vastly increased production for those able to master it.But it also threatens those whofail to adopt it with permanent second-class citizenship in the world economy.If an industry cannot lever itself up to the leading stage of technological advances,then it will not be able to compete effectively.If it cannot do this,no amount of governmentprotectionism or access to foreign markets can keep it profitable for long.Without the profits and experience of technological excellence to reinvest,that industry can only fall still further behind its foreign competitors.So the crux is the technology and that is where the President’s program focused.The danger is not that a plan will not bepassed,it is that the ideologues of right and left will distort the bill with amendments that will blur its focus on technology.Theeconomic restructuring plan should be passed intact.If we fail to restructure our economy now,we may not get a secondchance.The passage is ______.A.a review.B.a preface.C.an advertisementD.an editorial.
President Arling has put his long awaited economic restructuring program before the Congress.It provides a coordinateD.program of investment credits,research grants,education reforms,and changes designed to make American industry morecompetitive.This is necessary to reverse economic slide into unemployment,lack of growth,and trade deficits that haveplagued the economy for the past six years.The most liberal wing of the President’s party has called for stronger and more direct action.They want an incomes policyto check inflation while federal financing helps rebuild industry behind a wall of protective tariffs.The Republicans,however,decry even the modest,graduated tax increases in the President’s program.They want taxcuts and more open market.They say if federal money has to be injected into the economy,let it through defence spending.Both these alternatives ignore the unique nature of the economic problem before us.It is not simply a matter of markets orfinancing.The new technology allows vastly increased production for those able to master it.But it also threatens those whofail to adopt it with permanent second-class citizenship in the world economy.If an industry cannot lever itself up to the leading stage of technological advances,then it will not be able to compete effectively.If it cannot do this,no amount of governmentprotectionism or access to foreign markets can keep it profitable for long.Without the profits and experience of technological excellence to reinvest,that industry can only fall still further behind its foreign competitors.So the crux is the technology and that is where the President’s program focused.The danger is not that a plan will not bepassed,it is that the ideologues of right and left will distort the bill with amendments that will blur its focus on technology.Theeconomic restructuring plan should be passed intact.If we fail to restructure our economy now,we may not get a secondchance.The focus of the President’s program is on_______.A.investment.B.economy.C.technology.D.tax.
Economic Recovery on the WayEconomic experts are predicting that the poorly performing domestic economy will recover in the next financial quarter. After months of economic recession, local companies 44 to make larger profits. Ted Wilder, a leading authority in the field, suggests that the reasons for the positive outlook can largely be attributed to recent 45.Laws enacted by the federal government last month granting benefits and subsidies to the manufacturing industry have greatly increased production, leading to record numbers of goods being shipped overseas. The 46 in exports is also having a positive impact on the rest of the economy.阅读以上短文，回答200-202题。第44题答案是__________A.are expectedB.have expectedC.is expectedD.had expected
There's been a steady drumbeat of warmings about a surge in risky corporate borrowing-but not much clarity serious the threat is. At issue is the more than S1 million market in leveraged loans. That's Wall Street jargon for loans to business with less than rook-solid finances, Federal Reserve and European Central Hank officials have drawn to the rise in corporate debt and the deterioration or lending standards. The loans are often bundled into securities ollateralized loan obligations (CLOs).Most of the watchdogs are carceful to say a repeat of the 2007-2008 crisis is unlikely because most of the debt banks. But that creates another problem Regulators focused on banks are largely in the dark when it comes to where the risks he and how they might ripple through the financial system when the economy turns down. A big over-indebted businesses could face severe stress and, in some cases, insolvency, threatening jobs and deepen downturn.The mechanics of the leveraged loan market will be familiar to students of the housing crisis.With interesting investors are willing to take greater risks to get higher yields. That makes lots of money available for lending. we makes it easier for less creditworthy companies to borrow .Rather than keep the risky loans on their books, lender them to asset managers that package them into securities -C1Ds-that are sold to investors such as insurers and hedge funds.Yields on the riskicst portions of CLOs can approach 9% a year. And the growth of leveraged lending has been post crisis bank regulations that helped the rise or shadow lenders financial companics that aren't regulated like market for levcraged loans has more than doubled since 2012.The risk taking could get worse: With demand by borrowers for levcraged loans declining this year, those still financing have been able to extract looser learns.About 85% of leveraged loans are held by nonbanks, according to Wells Fargo rescarch.But banks may play a larger robe than may assumc, according to Gaurav V asisht, drector for financial regulation at the Volcker Alliance, a good-governance group, Banks are involved in all stages of the process. They underwrite loans, sell them to the CLOs, invest in those securities, and then hedge those risks in the market.“One common narrative is that banks don't have much risk or aren't exposed 1o it. Vasisht said at the hearing, "Banks are exposed to it."Just beeause banks are safer doesn't necessarily mean the financial system is, says Karen Petron, managing partner at Federal Financial Analytics, a regulatory- analysis firm. Debt investors might not be as resilient in a crisis, and their problems could create shock waves. "Banking regulators are being a htte myopic when they 're looking only at the banking system for systemic risk," she says.- Sally Bakewell and Thomas Beardsworth.According to the article, which of the following statements is true?( d )A. The mechanics of leveraged loans are different from that of housing crisis.B. regulators admit that the financial crisis in 2008 might repeat.C. shadow lenders will be regulated.D. banks are not immune from the risks of corporate debt.
阅读理解President Arling has put his long-awaited economic restructuring program before the Congress. It provides a coordinated program of investment credits, research grants, educational reforms, and tax changes designed to make American industry more competitive. This is necessary to reverse the economic slide into unemployment, lack of growth, and trade deficits that have plagued the economy for the past six yearsThe most liberal wing of the President's party has called for stronger and more direct action. They want an incomes policy to check inflation while Federal financing helps rebuild industry behind a wall of protective tariffs.The Republicans, however, decry even the modest, graduated tax increases in the President's program. They Want tax cuts and a more open market. They say if Federal money has to be injected into the economy, let it through defence spending.Both these alternatives ignore the unique nature of the economic problem before us. It is not simply a matter of markets or financing. The new technology allows vastly increased production for those able to master it. But it also threatens those who fail to adopt it with permanent second-class citizenship in the world economy. If an industry cannot lever itself up to the leading stage of technological advances, then it will not be able to compete effectively. I fit cannot do this, no amount of government protectionism or access to foreign markets can keep it profitable for long. Without the profits and experience of technological excellence to reinvest, that industry can only fall still further behind its foreign competitors.So the crux is the technology and that is where the President's program focused. The danger is not that a plan will not be passed, it is that the ideologues of right and left will distort the bill with amendments that will blur its focus on technology. The economic restructuring plan should be passed intact. If we fail to restructure our economy now, we may not get a second chance.16. The focus of the President's program is on ______.A. investmentB. economyC. technologyD. tax
There's been a steady drumbeat of warmings about a surge in risky corporate borrowing-but not much clarity serious the threat is. At issue is the more than S1 million market in leveraged loans. That's Wall Street jargon for loans to business with less than rook-solid finances, Federal Reserve and European Central Hank officials have drawn to the rise in corporate debt and the deterioration or lending standards. The loans are often bundled into securities ollateralized loan obligations (CLOs).Most of the watchdogs are carceful to say a repeat of the 2007-2008 crisis is unlikely because most of the debt banks. But that creates another problem Regulators focused on banks are largely in the dark when it comes to where the risks he and how they might ripple through the financial system when the economy turns down. A big over-indebted businesses could face severe stress and, in some cases, insolvency, threatening jobs and deepen downturn.The mechanics of the leveraged loan market will be familiar to students of the housing crisis.With interesting investors are willing to take greater risks to get higher yields. That makes lots of money available for lending. we makes it easier for less creditworthy companies to borrow .Rather than keep the risky loans on their books, lender them to asset managers that package them into securities -C1Ds-that are sold to investors such as insurers and hedge funds.Yields on the riskicst portions of CLOs can approach 9% a year. And the growth of leveraged lending has been post crisis bank regulations that helped the rise or shadow lenders financial companics that aren't regulated like market for levcraged loans has more than doubled since 2012.The risk taking could get worse: With demand by borrowers for levcraged loans declining this year, those still financing have been able to extract looser learns.About 85% of leveraged loans are held by nonbanks, according to Wells Fargo rescarch.But banks may play a larger robe than may assumc, according to Gaurav V asisht, drector for financial regulation at the Volcker Alliance, a good-governance group, Banks are involved in all stages of the process. They underwrite loans, sell them to the CLOs, invest in those securities, and then hedge those risks in the market.“One common narrative is that banks don't have much risk or aren't exposed 1o it. Vasisht said at the hearing, "Banks are exposed to it."Just beeause banks are safer doesn't necessarily mean the financial system is, says Karen Petron, managing partner at Federal Financial Analytics, a regulatory- analysis firm. Debt investors might not be as resilient in a crisis, and their problems could create shock waves. "Banking regulators are being a htte myopic when they 're looking only at the banking system for systemic risk," she says.- Sally Bakewell and Thomas Beardsworth.12. Which one is false about the leveraged loans?(。)A. they are loans provided to companies already holding a considenble amount of debt.B. It is easier for companies to get leveraged loans.C. most of the leveraged loans are held by nonbanks.D. the Federal Reserve is quite sure about the risks of leveraged loans.
（）risks cannot be management proactively and therefore may be assigned a management reserve.A.KnowmB.NaturalC.UnknownD.Human
One of the contributions of Woodrow Wilson was（）Anatural conservationBthe construction of irrigation projectsCthe setting-up of the Federal Reserve Board and twelve Federal Reserve BanksDthe introduction of tariff increase and a low income tax
1996～2003 年版 100 美元纸币正面主景人物头像的右边有凹印的( )字样。A、THE UNITED STATEDSB、U.S.FEDERAL RESERVE BANKC、NATIONAL CURRENCYD、THE UNITED STATEDS OF AMERICA
单选题Responding to voters’ concern over crime, Congress passed a $30.2 billion anticrime bill, and _____ $6.9 billion for programs aimed at crime prevention.AabolishedBaccountedCaccumulatedDallotted
单选题One of the contributions of Woodrow Wilson was（）Anatural conservationBthe construction of irrigation projectsCthe setting-up of the Federal Reserve Board and twelve Federal Reserve BanksDthe introduction of tariff increase and a low income tax
问答题Although the American economy has transformed itself over the years, certain issues have persisted since the early days of the republic. One is the continuing debate over the proper role for government in what is basically a marketplace economy. An economy based on free enterprise is generally characterized by private ownership and initiative, with a relative absence of government involvement. However, government intervention has been found necessary from time to time to ensure that economic opportunities are fair and accessible to the people, to prevent flagrant abuses, to dampen inflation and to stimulate growth.Ever since colonial times, the government has been involved, to some extent, in economic decision-making. The federal government, for example, has made huge investments in infrastructure, and it has provided social welfare programs that the private sector was unable or unwilling to provide. In a myriad of ways and over many decades, the government has supported and promoted the development of agriculture.
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