共用题干Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart AttackGerman researchers have___1___a new generation of defibrillators and earlywarning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection___2___sudden death from cardiac arrest.In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases___3___by disruption to the heart's rhythm. Those most at risk are pa- tients who have___4___suffered a heart attack,and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing___ 5___ disruptions to heart rhythms and correcting them automat-ically by intervening within seconds. These devices___6___ a range of functions,such as that of pacemaker.Heart specialists at Freiburg's University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator ___7___of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram(ECG)within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of___8___blood-flow problems and a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders the evaluation of ECG data___9___.The overwhelming___10___of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs.“Many of the current programs only ___11___ into account a linear correlation of the data. We are,however,making use___12___ a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,”Hagen Knaf says,“___ 13___ changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and indi- vidual variations in patients taken into account.”An old study of ECG data,based___14___ 600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack,enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show___15___the new software evaluates the data considerably better.8._________A: chronicB: acuteC: recurrentD: persistent
共用题干
Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack
German researchers have___1___a new generation of defibrillators and earlywarning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection___2___sudden death from cardiac arrest.
In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases___3___by disruption to the heart's rhythm. Those most at risk are pa- tients who have___4___suffered a heart attack,and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing___ 5___ disruptions to heart rhythms and correcting them automat-ically by intervening within seconds. These devices___6___ a range of functions,such as that of pacemaker.
Heart specialists at Freiburg's University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator ___7___of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram(ECG)within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of___8___blood-flow problems and a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders the evaluation of ECG data___9___.
The overwhelming___10___of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs.“Many of the current programs only ___11___ into account a linear correlation of the data. We are,however,making use___12___ a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,”
Hagen Knaf says,“___ 13___ changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and indi- vidual variations in patients taken into account.”An old study of ECG data,based___14___ 600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack,enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show___15___the new software evaluates the data considerably better.
Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack
German researchers have___1___a new generation of defibrillators and earlywarning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection___2___sudden death from cardiac arrest.
In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases___3___by disruption to the heart's rhythm. Those most at risk are pa- tients who have___4___suffered a heart attack,and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing___ 5___ disruptions to heart rhythms and correcting them automat-ically by intervening within seconds. These devices___6___ a range of functions,such as that of pacemaker.
Heart specialists at Freiburg's University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator ___7___of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram(ECG)within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of___8___blood-flow problems and a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders the evaluation of ECG data___9___.
The overwhelming___10___of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs.“Many of the current programs only ___11___ into account a linear correlation of the data. We are,however,making use___12___ a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,”
Hagen Knaf says,“___ 13___ changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and indi- vidual variations in patients taken into account.”An old study of ECG data,based___14___ 600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack,enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show___15___the new software evaluates the data considerably better.
8._________
A: chronic
B: acute
C: recurrent
D: persistent
A: chronic
B: acute
C: recurrent
D: persistent
参考解析
解析：come up with有“引起，产生，发明”的意思，符合上下文的意义。所以答案为B。
Protection后面跟介词from或against，意为“起保护作用以免于……”，其他介词均不合适。所以答案为D。
此处的谓语动词必须使用被动语态，因为主语many of those Cases指的是“病人”, “病例”，那就应该是“被引起的”，所以答案为A。
此处需要填的副词应该表示“已经”，完成时态的谓语已经起了提示作用。所以答案为D。
从上下文看，只有C项“威胁生命”合适。
take on表示“承担”，符合上下文意思，其他三个选项分别为“接受，接收 (A项）”,“效仿（B项）”和“消减（D项）”。所以答案为C。
A和B均有“能够”的意思，但用法不同：capable of(doing)sth./able to do sth.，所以答案为A。
上下文的意思是“……的血液流通问题和即将发生的心脏病”，后面这一部分为前面这个空格暗示了必须填入B项acute。
前面谓语动词renders的意思相当于make，后面要接复合宾语，这里缺少一个宾语补足语，因此只有D是答案。
A和B分别指最大量，最小量或最高值，最低值，而选项C和选项D则指多数和少数，由于前面已有overwhelming（压倒性的）提示，所以只能选C项majority。
take…into account是固定短语，意为“考虑，重视”。所以答案为B。
make use of是固定短语，意义为“利用”。所以答案为A。
四个选项中A和B均是“同样地”,C位于句首对表示“否则的话”，这些与上下文所要表达的意义均不吻合，因为前面并没有提到什么方法可以作比较，因此答案为D 项In the way“用这种方法”。
base sth.on/upon是固定短语，表示“把……建立在……基础上”，此处用过去分词的短语作为old Study的定语。所以答案为C。
此处空白需要填上一个能引导宾语从句的连接词，从宾语从句的结构来看，它的句子是完整的，所以只需填that作为连接词就可以了。所以答案为C。
Protection后面跟介词from或against，意为“起保护作用以免于……”，其他介词均不合适。所以答案为D。
此处的谓语动词必须使用被动语态，因为主语many of those Cases指的是“病人”, “病例”，那就应该是“被引起的”，所以答案为A。
此处需要填的副词应该表示“已经”，完成时态的谓语已经起了提示作用。所以答案为D。
从上下文看，只有C项“威胁生命”合适。
take on表示“承担”，符合上下文意思，其他三个选项分别为“接受，接收 (A项）”,“效仿（B项）”和“消减（D项）”。所以答案为C。
A和B均有“能够”的意思，但用法不同：capable of(doing)sth./able to do sth.，所以答案为A。
上下文的意思是“……的血液流通问题和即将发生的心脏病”，后面这一部分为前面这个空格暗示了必须填入B项acute。
前面谓语动词renders的意思相当于make，后面要接复合宾语，这里缺少一个宾语补足语，因此只有D是答案。
A和B分别指最大量，最小量或最高值，最低值，而选项C和选项D则指多数和少数，由于前面已有overwhelming（压倒性的）提示，所以只能选C项majority。
take…into account是固定短语，意为“考虑，重视”。所以答案为B。
make use of是固定短语，意义为“利用”。所以答案为A。
四个选项中A和B均是“同样地”,C位于句首对表示“否则的话”，这些与上下文所要表达的意义均不吻合，因为前面并没有提到什么方法可以作比较，因此答案为D 项In the way“用这种方法”。
base sth.on/upon是固定短语，表示“把……建立在……基础上”，此处用过去分词的短语作为old Study的定语。所以答案为C。
此处空白需要填上一个能引导宾语从句的连接词，从宾语从句的结构来看，它的句子是完整的，所以只需填that作为连接词就可以了。所以答案为C。
相关考题：
请阅读Passage 1，完成题：Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two stages--clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have ceased to function, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived.Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the disintegration of vital cells and tissues. Death is then irreversible and final.Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can be revived before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism, combined with narcotic sleep. By slowing down the body's metabolism, cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.To illustrate how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta. The scientists put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from its body. The monkey's blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped; clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point the scientists pumped blood into its body in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutes the monkey's heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes, spontaneous breathing began,and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head. After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection, Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room. Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.One possible benefit of the experiment discussed in the passage is__________.查看材料A．less crowded citiesB．victory over deathC．protection against fatal injuryD．fewer deaths from heart attacks
共用题干Napping to a Healthier Heart?1 Researchers say they have developed a simple test that can tell if a person with heart disease is likely to suffer a heart attack.The test measures levels of a protein in the blood.The researchers say people with high levels of this protein are at high risk of heart attack,heart failure or stroke.2 Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo of the University of California in San Francisco led the team.For about four years,they studied almost one thousand patients with heart disease.The researchers tested the heart disease patients for a protein called NT-proBNP. Patients with the highest levels were nearly eight times more likely than those with the lowest levels to have a heart attack,heart failure or stroke.3 The researchers say the presence of high levels of the protein in the blood shows that the heart muscle is under pressure in some way.The study involved mostly men,so the researchers could not say for sure that the results are also true for women.They say the patients with the highest levels of NT-proBNP were older and had other problems like diabetes or high blood pressure.4 Other researchers say more studies are needed to confirm if knowing the protein levels of a heartdisease patient should affect that person’s treatment.They also would like to know if more aggressive treatment could reduce the patient's chance of a heart attack or stroke.The study appeared in theJournal of the American Medical Association.5 Could a little sleep during the middle of the day reduce the risk of a heart attack?An unrelatedstudy earlier this month in the Archives of Internal Medicine suggests that the answer may be yes.In countries like the United States,afternoon naps are mostly for children. But they are common for adults in Mediterranean countries.And these countries generally have lower rates of heart disease.So scientists in theUnited States and Greece wondered if naps could play a part.Twenty-three thousand healthy adults took part in the study by Harvard University and the University of Athens.Those who took thirty-minute naps three times a week had a thirty-seven percent lower risk of death from heart problems than people who did not takenaps.6 The researchers say napping may improve heart health by reducing stress.They say the researchsuggests that naps are especially good for working men.But they say not enough female subjects died during the study to judge the benefits for women.If a person has a high level of NT-proBNP_________.A: where fewer pepole die from heart problemB:whether they have the risk of heart attack,heart failure or stroke C:would probably have lower rates of heart diseaseD:how to test a person's NT-proBNP level in the blood by himselfE:his heart muscle would be under pressure in some wayF:that napping is of great benefit to women too
共用题干Napping to a Healthier Heart?1 Researchers say they have developed a simple test that can tell if a person with heart disease is likely to suffer a heart attack.The test measures levels of a protein in the blood.The researchers say people with high levels of this protein are at high risk of heart attack,heart failure or stroke.2 Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo of the University of California in San Francisco led the team.For about four years,they studied almost one thousand patients with heart disease.The researchers tested the heart disease patients for a protein called NT-proBNP. Patients with the highest levels were nearly eight times more likely than those with the lowest levels to have a heart attack,heart failure or stroke.3 The researchers say the presence of high levels of the protein in the blood shows that the heart muscle is under pressure in some way.The study involved mostly men,so the researchers could not say for sure that the results are also true for women.They say the patients with the highest levels of NT-proBNP were older and had other problems like diabetes or high blood pressure.4 Other researchers say more studies are needed to confirm if knowing the protein levels of a heartdisease patient should affect that person’s treatment.They also would like to know if more aggressive treatment could reduce the patient's chance of a heart attack or stroke.The study appeared in theJournal of the American Medical Association.5 Could a little sleep during the middle of the day reduce the risk of a heart attack?An unrelatedstudy earlier this month in the Archives of Internal Medicine suggests that the answer may be yes.In countries like the United States,afternoon naps are mostly for children. But they are common for adults in Mediterranean countries.And these countries generally have lower rates of heart disease.So scientists in theUnited States and Greece wondered if naps could play a part.Twenty-three thousand healthy adults took part in the study by Harvard University and the University of Athens.Those who took thirty-minute naps three times a week had a thirty-seven percent lower risk of death from heart problems than people who did not takenaps.6 The researchers say napping may improve heart health by reducing stress.They say the researchsuggests that naps are especially good for working men.But they say not enough female subjects died during the study to judge the benefits for women. Paragraph 3 ________A:More Questions to Be AskedB:Older Males Have Higher Levels of NT-proBNPC:Development of a Simple But Important TestD:Evidence of Positive Relationship Between Napping and Heart DiscaseE: How to Control the Levels of NT- proBNPF: Effects of NT-proBNP on Heart Disease
共用题干Napping to a Healthier Heart?1 Researchers say they have developed a simple test that can tell if a person with heart disease is likely to suffer a heart attack.The test measures levels of a protein in the blood.The researchers say people with high levels of this protein are at high risk of heart attack,heart failure or stroke.2 Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo of the University of California in San Francisco led the team.For about four years,they studied almost one thousand patients with heart disease.The researchers tested the heart disease patients for a protein called NT-proBNP. Patients with the highest levels were nearly eight times more likely than those with the lowest levels to have a heart attack,heart failure or stroke.3 The researchers say the presence of high levels of the protein in the blood shows that the heart muscle is under pressure in some way.The study involved mostly men,so the researchers could not say for sure that the results are also true for women.They say the patients with the highest levels of NT-proBNP were older and had other problems like diabetes or high blood pressure.4 Other researchers say more studies are needed to confirm if knowing the protein levels of a heartdisease patient should affect that person’s treatment.They also would like to know if more aggressive treatment could reduce the patient's chance of a heart attack or stroke.The study appeared in theJournal of the American Medical Association.5 Could a little sleep during the middle of the day reduce the risk of a heart attack?An unrelatedstudy earlier this month in the Archives of Internal Medicine suggests that the answer may be yes.In countries like the United States,afternoon naps are mostly for children. But they are common for adults in Mediterranean countries.And these countries generally have lower rates of heart disease.So scientists in theUnited States and Greece wondered if naps could play a part.Twenty-three thousand healthy adults took part in the study by Harvard University and the University of Athens.Those who took thirty-minute naps three times a week had a thirty-seven percent lower risk of death from heart problems than people who did not takenaps.6 The researchers say napping may improve heart health by reducing stress.They say the researchsuggests that naps are especially good for working men.But they say not enough female subjects died during the study to judge the benefits for women.According to some researchers,by measuring the levels of NT-proBNP in the blood people mayknow ________.A: where fewer pepole die from heart problemB:whether they have the risk of heart attack,heart failure or stroke C:would probably have lower rates of heart diseaseD:how to test a person's NT-proBNP level in the blood by himselfE:his heart muscle would be under pressure in some wayF:that napping is of great benefit to women too
共用题干Chest Compressions:Most Important of CPRCardiopulmonary resuscitation,or CPR,can save the life of someone whose heart has stopped.The condition is called cardiac arrest.The heart stops pumping blood.The person stops breathing.Without lifesaving measures,the brain starts to die within four to six minutes.CPR combines breathing into the victim's mouth and repeated presses on the chest.______(46)However,a new Japanese study questions the usefulness of mouth-to-mouth breathing.The study was published in the British medical magazine,The Lancet.Doctors in Tokyo led the research.It examined more than four thousand people who had suffered cardiac arrest.In all the cases,witnesses saw the event happen.More than one thousand of the victims received some kind of medical assistance from witnesses.Seven hundred and twelve received CPR.Four hundred and thirty-nine received chest presses only.______(47) The researchers say any kind of CPR improved chances of the patient's survival.But,they said those people treated with only chest presses suffered less brain damage.Twenty-two percent survived with good brain ability.______(48)The American Heart Association changed its guidelines for CPR chest presses in 2005.______(49) Gordon Ewy is a heart doctor at the University of Arizona College of Medicine in Tucson.He wrote a report that appeared with the study.Doctor Ewy thinks the CPR guidelines should be changed again.He said the heart association should remove rescue breaths from the guidelines.He argues that more witnesses to cardiac arrests would provide treatment if rescue breaths are not a part of CPR.He says this would save lives. ______(50) Cardiac arrest kills more than 300,000 people in the United States every year.The American Heart Association says about ninety-five percent of victims die before they get to a medical center.______(58) A:So far,we have not known exactly yet whether mouth-to-mouth breathing is really useless in CPR.B:Only ten percent of the victims treated with traditional CPR survived with good brain ability.C:CPR keeps blood and oxygen flowing to the heart and brain.D:His studies show that many people do not want to perform mouth-to-mouth breathing on a stranger for fear of getting a disease.E:It said people should increase the number of chest presses from fifteen to thirty for every two breaths given.F:No mouth-to-mouth rescue breaths were given to them.
共用题干Napping to a Healthier Heart?1 Researchers say they have developed a simple test that can tell if a person with heart disease is likely to suffer a heart attack.The test measures levels of a protein in the blood.The researchers say people with high levels of this protein are at high risk of heart attack,heart failure or stroke.2 Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo of the University of California in San Francisco led the team.For about four years,they studied almost one thousand patients with heart disease.The researchers tested the heart disease patients for a protein called NT-proBNP.Patients with the highest levels were nearly eight times more likely than those with the lowest levels to have a heart attack,heart failure or stroke.3 The researchers say the presence of high levels of the protein in the blood shows that the heart muscle is under pressure in some way.The study involved mostly men,so the researchers could not say for sure that the results are also true for women.They say the patients with the highest levels of NT-proBNP were older and had other problems like diabetes or high blood pressure.4 Other researchers say more studies are needed to confirm if knowing the protein levels of a heart disease patient should affect that person's treatment.They also would like to know if more aggressive treatment could reduce the patient's chance of a heart attack or stroke.The study appeared in the Journal of the American Medical Association.5 Could a little sleep during the middle of the day reduce the risk of a heart attack?An unrelated study earlier this month in the Archives of Internal Medicine suggests that the answer may be yes.In countries like the United States,afternoon naps are mostly for children.But they are common for adults in Mediterranean countries.And these countries generally have lower rates of heart disease.So scientists in the United States and Greece wondered if naps could play a part.Twenty-three thousand healthy adults took part in the study by Harvard University and the University of Athens.Those who took thirty-minute naps three times a week had a thirty-seven percent lower risk of death from heart problems than people who did not take naps.6 The researchers say napping may improve heart health by reducing stress.They say the research suggests that naps are especially good for working men.But they say not enough female subjects died during the study to judge the benefits for women.According to some researchers,by measuring the levels of NT-proBNP in the blood people may know______.A:where fewer people die from heart problemB:whether they have the risk of heart attack,heart failure or strokeC:would probably have lower rates of heart diseaseD:how to test a person's NT-proBNP level in the blood by himselfE:his heart muscle would be under pressure in some wayF:that napping is of great benefit to women too
共用题干Napping to a Healthier Heart?1 Researchers say they have developed a simple test that can tell if a person with heart disease is likely to suffer a heart attack.The test measures levels of a protein in the blood.The researchers say people with high levels of this protein are at high risk of heart attack,heart failure or stroke.2 Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo of the University of California in San Francisco led the team.For about four years,they studied almost one thousand patients with heart disease.The researchers tested the heart disease patients for a protein called NT-proBNP.Patients with the highest levels were nearly eight times more likely than those with the lowest levels to have a heart attack,heart failure or stroke.3 The researchers say the presence of high levels of the protein in the blood shows that the heart muscle is under pressure in some way.The study involved mostly men,so the researchers could not say for sure that the results are also true for women.They say the patients with the highest levels of NT-proBNP were older and had other problems like diabetes or high blood pressure.4 Other researchers say more studies are needed to confirm if knowing the protein levels of a heart disease patient should affect that person's treatment.They also would like to know if more aggressive treatment could reduce the patient's chance of a heart attack or stroke.The study appeared in the Journal of the American Medical Association.5 Could a little sleep during the middle of the day reduce the risk of a heart attack?An unrelated study earlier this month in the Archives of Internal Medicine suggests that the answer may be yes.In countries like the United States,afternoon naps are mostly for children.But they are common for adults in Mediterranean countries.And these countries generally have lower rates of heart disease.So scientists in the United States and Greece wondered if naps could play a part.Twenty-three thousand healthy adults took part in the study by Harvard University and the University of Athens.Those who took thirty-minute naps three times a week had a thirty-seven percent lower risk of death from heart problems than people who did not take naps.6 The researchers say napping may improve heart health by reducing stress.They say the research suggests that naps are especially good for working men.But they say not enough female subjects died during the study to judge the benefits for women.Paragraph 5______A:More Questions to Be AskedB:Older Males Have Higher Levels of NT-proBNPC:Development of a Simple But Important TestD:Evidence of Positive Relationship Between Napping and Heart DiseaseE:How to Control the Levels of NT-proBNPF:Effects of NT-proBNP on Heart Disease
共用题干Napping to a Healthier Heart?1 Researchers say they have developed a simple test that can tell if a person with heart disease is likely to suffer a heart attack.The test measures levels of a protein in the blood.The researchers say people with high levels of this protein are at high risk of heart attack,heart failure or stroke.2 Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo of the University of California in San Francisco led the team.For about four years,they studied almost one thousand patients with heart disease.The researchers tested the heart disease patients for a protein called NT-proBNP.Patients with the highest levels were nearly eight times more likely than those with the lowest levels to have a heart attack,heart failure or stroke.3 The researchers say the presence of high levels of the protein in the blood shows that the heart muscle is under pressure in some way.The study involved mostly men,so the researchers could not say for sure that the results are also true for women.They say the patients with the highest levels of NT-proBNP were older and had other problems like diabetes or high blood pressure.4 Other researchers say more studies are needed to confirm if knowing the protein levels of a heart disease patient should affect that person's treatment.They also would like to know if more aggressive treatment could reduce the patient's chance of a heart attack or stroke.The study appeared in the Journal of the American Medical Association.5 Could a little sleep during the middle of the day reduce the risk of a heart attack?An unrelated study earlier this month in the Archives of Internal Medicine suggests that the answer may be yes.In countries like the United States,afternoon naps are mostly for children.But they are common for adults in Mediterranean countries.And these countries generally have lower rates of heart disease.So scientists in the United States and Greece wondered if naps could play a part.Twenty-three thousand healthy adults took part in the study by Harvard University and the University of Athens.Those who took thirty-minute naps three times a week had a thirty-seven percent lower risk of death from heart problems than people who did not take naps.6 The researchers say napping may improve heart health by reducing stress.They say the research suggests that naps are especially good for working men.But they say not enough female subjects died during the study to judge the benefits for women.If a person has a high level of NT-proBNP______.A:where fewer people die from heart problemB:whether they have the risk of heart attack,heart failure or strokeC:would probably have lower rates of heart diseaseD:how to test a person's NT-proBNP level in the blood by himselfE:his heart muscle would be under pressure in some wayF:that napping is of great benefit to women too
Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two stages--clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have ceased to function, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived. Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the disintegration of vital cells and tissues. Death is then irreversible and final. Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can be revived before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism, combined with narcotic sleep. By slowing down the body's metabolism, cooling delays the processes leading to biological death. To illustrate how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta. The scientists put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from its body. The monkey's blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped; clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point the scientists pumped blood into its body in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutes the monkey's heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes, spontaneous breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head. After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection, Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room. Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal. One possible benefit of the experiment discussed in the passage is _______A.less crowded citiesB.victory over deathC.protection against fatal injuryD.fewer deaths from heart attacks
共用题干The DeathModern scientists divide the process of dying into two stages一(46)________.Clinical death occurs when the vital organs,such as the heart or lungs,have ceased to function,but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived（复活）.Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the disintegration（解体）of vital cells and tissues. Death is then irreversible and final.Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that(47) ________.The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism,combined with narcotic（麻醉的）sleep. By slowing down the body's metabolism（新陈代谢）,cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.To illustrate how this works,scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta.(48)_________.Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature.When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from its body.The monkey's blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped,clinical death set in.For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state.Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees.At this point the scientists pumped blood into its body in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing.(49)_______.After fifteen minutes,spontaneous breathing began,and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head.After six hours,when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection,Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room.(50)__________.________（50）A:the organism can be revived before biological death occursB:clinical or temporary death and biological deathC:After two minutes the monkey's heart became active once moreD:Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animalE:The scientists put Keta to sleep with a narcoticF:Clinical death process should be prolonged
共用题干Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart AttackGerman researchers have come up with a new generation of defibrillators（除颤器）and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater________ (51)from sudden death from cardiac arrest（心脏 停搏）.In Germany alone,around 100,000 people die annually________(52)a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases are caused by disruption to the heart's rhythm.Those most at________(53)are pa- tients who have already suffered a heart attack,and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in ________(54)life-threatening disruptions to heart rhythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds.These devices________(55)on a range of functions,such as that of pacemaker（起 搏器）.Heart specialists at Freiburg's University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator________(56 ) of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram ( EGG，心电图）within the body. This integrated system allows _________( 57 ) diagnosis of severe blood-flow problems and a pending（即将发 生的）heart attack. It will be implanted in _________( 58 ) for the first time this year. Meanwhile , research- ers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer soft- ware that________(59)the evaluation of EGG data more precise.The overwhelming majority of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this ________(60)undergo regular EGGs."Many of the current programs only take into________(61)a line-ar correlation of the data. We are,however,making use in a non-linear process________(62)reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,"Hagen Knaf says,"In this way changes in the heart________(63)over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into ac-count."An old study of EGG data,based upon 600 patients who had________(64)a subsequent heart attack,enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show that the new software evaluates the________(65)considerably better._________(61)A:accountB:troubleC:confusionD:effort
共用题干Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the HeartAccording to scientists in the USA,stem cell therapy may one day be able to repair the hearts of people with heart failure.Researchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery.They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged.They then compared their hearts with those of people who had undergone surgery without having the stem cells injected into them(they had also suffered from severe heart failure).The patients who had had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump（用泵抽运） more blood than the others.According to Professor Robert Kormos,one of the researchers,these results could revolutionize heart treatment.Although previous studies had indicated that there might be a benefit,this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help thefailing heart work better．All the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump blood properly.The scientists measured their ejection fraction（射血分数）.This is a measure of heart performance;you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle（心室）.Healthy people's ejection fraction is about 55%.These patients had ejection fraction ofunder 35%. They all had by-pass surgery（搭桥手术）performed on them. Some of the patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the damaged heart muscle.Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 46.1%while those who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37. 2%.No side effects were reported.Heart failure is a common problem all over the world.In the UK alone about 650, 000 people suffer from heart failure every year. As the number of people suffering from heart failure increases in the world in general these findings are particularly significant.Current treatments relieve the symptoms.This new stem cell therapy actually repairs the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease. Heart failure is more common in the UK than anywhere else in the world.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
共用题干Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the HeartAccording to scientists in the USA,stem cell therapy may one day be able to repair the hearts of people with heart failure.Researchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery.They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged.They then compared their hearts with those of people who had undergone surgery without having the stem cells injected into them(they had also suffered from severe heart failure).The patients who had had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump（用泵抽运） more blood than the others.According to Professor Robert Kormos,one of the researchers,these results could revolutionize heart treatment.Although previous studies had indicated that there might be a benefit,this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help thefailing heart work better．All the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump blood properly.The scientists measured their ejection fraction（射血分数）.This is a measure of heart performance;you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle（心室）.Healthy people's ejection fraction is about 55%.These patients had ejection fraction ofunder 35%. They all had by-pass surgery（搭桥手术）performed on them. Some of the patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the damaged heart muscle.Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 46.1%while those who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37. 2%.No side effects were reported.Heart failure is a common problem all over the world.In the UK alone about 650, 000 people suffer from heart failure every year. As the number of people suffering from heart failure increases in the world in general these findings are particularly significant.Current treatments relieve the symptoms.This new stem cell therapy actually repairs the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease. The 20 patients had stem cell injections instead of surgery.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
共用题干Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the HeartAccording to scientists in the USA,stem cell therapy may one day be able to repair the hearts of people with heart failure.Researchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery.They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged.They then compared their hearts with those of people who had undergone surgery without having the stem cells injected into them(they had also suffered from severe heart failure).The patients who had had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump（用泵抽运） more blood than the others.According to Professor Robert Kormos,one of the researchers,these results could revolutionize heart treatment.Although previous studies had indicated that there might be a benefit,this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help thefailing heart work better．All the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump blood properly.The scientists measured their ejection fraction（射血分数）.This is a measure of heart performance;you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle（心室）.Healthy people's ejection fraction is about 55%.These patients had ejection fraction ofunder 35%. They all had by-pass surgery（搭桥手术）performed on them. Some of the patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the damaged heart muscle.Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 46.1%while those who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37. 2%.No side effects were reported.Heart failure is a common problem all over the world.In the UK alone about 650, 000 people suffer from heart failure every year. As the number of people suffering from heart failure increases in the world in general these findings are particularly significant.Current treatments relieve the symptoms.This new stem cell therapy actually repairs the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease. Stem cell therapy seems to have great prospects.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack【科学家探索发现心脏病的方法】 German researchers have __ 1 __ a new generation of defibrillators and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection __ 2 __ sudden death from cardiac arrest. In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases __ 3 __ by disruption to the heart’s rhythm. Those most at risk are patients who have __ 4 __ suffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing __ 5 __ disruption to heart rhythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds. These devices __ 6__ a range of functions, such as that of pacemaker. Heart specialists at Freiburg’s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator __ 7 __ of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram (ECG. within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of __ 8__ blood-flow problems and a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders of ECG data __ 9 __ . The overwhelming __ 10 __ of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs. “Many of the current programs only __ 11__ into account a linear correlation of the data. We are, however, making use __ 12__ a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,” Hagen Knaf says, “__ 13 __ changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account.” An old study of ECG data, based __ 14__ 600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show __ 15 __ the new software evaluates the data considerably better.文章(6~20)A come up B come up with C come up to D come up against
共用题干Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart AttackGerman researchers have___1___a new generation of defibrillators and earlywarning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection___2___sudden death from cardiac arrest.In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases___3___by disruption to the heart's rhythm. Those most at risk are pa- tients who have___4___suffered a heart attack,and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosing___ 5___ disruptions to heart rhythms and correcting them automat-ically by intervening within seconds. These devices___6___ a range of functions,such as that of pacemaker.Heart specialists at Freiburg's University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator ___7___of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram(ECG)within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of___8___blood-flow problems and a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders the evaluation of ECG data___9___.The overwhelming___10___of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs.“Many of the current programs only ___11___ into account a linear correlation of the data. We are,however,making use___12___ a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,”Hagen Knaf says,“___ 13___ changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and indi- vidual variations in patients taken into account.”An old study of ECG data,based___14___ 600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack,enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show___15___the new software evaluates the data considerably better.2._________A: toB: forC: withD: from
共用题干第一篇Human Heart can Make New CellsSolving a longstanding（为时甚久的）mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues togenerate new cardiac（心脏的）cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.The finding,published in the April 3rd issue of Science,could open a new path for the treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack,experts say."We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes（心肌细胞）,are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen,a professor of stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm,Sweden."It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we were born with or whether they could be renewed,"he said."The process of renewing these cells changes over time,"Frisen added. In a 20-year-old,about 1percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year , but the turnover（更替）rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75."If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated,it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals（药物）that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after , for example,a heart attack,"Frisen said.That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts."A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure,."noted co-author Dr. Ratan Bhardwaj,also from the Karolinska Institute."Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said."With this finding,scientists are opening the door to potential therapies（疗法）,to having ourselves heal ourselves,"Bhardwaj said."Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new and more cells to overcome the problem they are facing."But barriers remain.According to Bhardwaj,scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off,especially in older patients with heart failure.In addition,the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts一 whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.The human heart stops producing cardiac cells ______.A:when a person becomes oldB:as soon as a person gets sickC:immediately after a person is bornD:once a person dies
共用题干第一篇Human Heart can Make New CellsSolving a longstanding（为时甚久的）mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues togenerate new cardiac（心脏的）cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.The finding,published in the April 3rd issue of Science,could open a new path for the treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack,experts say."We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes（心肌细胞）,are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen,a professor of stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm,Sweden."It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we were born with or whether they could be renewed,"he said."The process of renewing these cells changes over time,"Frisen added. In a 20-year-old,about 1percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year , but the turnover（更替）rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75."If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated,it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals（药物）that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after , for example,a heart attack,"Frisen said.That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts."A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure,."noted co-author Dr. Ratan Bhardwaj,also from the Karolinska Institute."Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said."With this finding,scientists are opening the door to potential therapies（疗法）,to having ourselves heal ourselves,"Bhardwaj said."Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new and more cells to overcome the problem they are facing."But barriers remain.According to Bhardwaj,scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off,especially in older patients with heart failure.In addition,the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts一 whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.Chronic heart failure is attributed to _________.A:the dying heart cellsB:the effect of pharmaceuticalsC:the weight of the patientD:the life span of a person
共用题干第一篇Human Heart can Make New CellsSolving a longstanding（为时甚久的）mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues togenerate new cardiac（心脏的）cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.The finding,published in the April 3rd issue of Science,could open a new path for the treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack,experts say."We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes（心肌细胞）,are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen,a professor of stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm,Sweden."It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we were born with or whether they could be renewed,"he said."The process of renewing these cells changes over time,"Frisen added. In a 20-year-old,about 1percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year , but the turnover（更替）rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75."If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated,it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals（药物）that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after , for example,a heart attack,"Frisen said.That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts."A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure,."noted co-author Dr. Ratan Bhardwaj,also from the Karolinska Institute."Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said."With this finding,scientists are opening the door to potential therapies（疗法）,to having ourselves heal ourselves,"Bhardwaj said."Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new and more cells to overcome the problem they are facing."But barriers remain.According to Bhardwaj,scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off,especially in older patients with heart failure.In addition,the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts一 whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.It is not known yet if the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts_________.A:is high enough to replace cells faster than they're dying offB:is of any use to researchersC:is the same as that in healthy heartsD:changes over time
共用题干第一篇Human Heart can Make New CellsSolving a longstanding（为时甚久的）mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues togenerate new cardiac（心脏的）cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.The finding,published in the April 3rd issue of Science,could open a new path for the treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack,experts say."We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes（心肌细胞）,are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen,a professor of stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm,Sweden."It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we were born with or whether they could be renewed,"he said."The process of renewing these cells changes over time,"Frisen added. In a 20-year-old,about 1percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year , but the turnover（更替）rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75."If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated,it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals（药物）that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after , for example,a heart attack,"Frisen said.That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts."A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure,."noted co-author Dr. Ratan Bhardwaj,also from the Karolinska Institute."Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said."With this finding,scientists are opening the door to potential therapies（疗法）,to having ourselves heal ourselves,"Bhardwaj said."Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new and more cells to overcome the problem they are facing."But barriers remain.According to Bhardwaj,scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off,especially in older patients with heart failure.In addition,the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts一 whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.In people in their mid-70s,only 0.45 percent of cardiomyocytes______.A:are still functionalB:are reduced each yearC:are replaced each yearD:are damaged each year