单选题What are we told about people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease?AThey don’t understand the mechanisms of memory.BThey can’t remember who they are.CThey forget how to perform simple tasks.

单选题
What are we told about people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease?
A

They don’t understand the mechanisms of memory.

B

They can’t remember who they are.

C

They forget how to perform simple tasks.


参考解析

解析:
对话中提到得了老年痴呆症的人就连像系鞋带一样简单的事情也会忘记该怎么做。Alzheimer老年痴呆症。

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Ask three people to look out the same window at a busy street corner and tell you what they see. Chances are you will receive three different answers. Each person sees the same scene, but each perceives something different about it.Perceiving goes on in our minds. Of the three people who look out the window, one may say that he sees a policeman giving a motorist a ticket. Another may say that he sees a rush hour traffic jam at the intersection. The third may tell you that he sees a woman trying to cross the street with four children in tow. For perception is the mind’s interpretation of what the senses in this case our eyes tell us.Many psychologists (心理学家) today are working to try to determine just how a person experiences or perceives the world around him. Using a scientific approach, these psychologists set up experiments in which they can control all of the factors. By measuring and charting the results of many experiments, they are trying to find out what makes different people perceive totally different things about the same scene.(1)Which of the following is TRUE?A、We have chances to receive three different answers from three people.B、It is likely that we will receive three different answers from three people.C、It is proved that we will receive three different answers from three people.D、It is impossible that we will receive three different answers from three people.(2)Seeing and perceiving are ________.A、the same actionB、two separate actionsC、two actions carried on entirely by the eyesD、several actions that take place at different times(3)Perceiving is an action that takes place ________.A、in our eyesB、only when we are thinking hardC、only under the direction of a psychologistD、in every person's mind(4)Psychologists study perception by _______.A、setting up many experimentsB、asking each other what they seeC、looking out of windowsD、studying people's eyes(5)The best title for this selection is _______.A、How We SeeB、Learning about Our Minds through ScienceC、Color and PeopleD、How to Become a Psychologist

186. Do you sometimes argue about what seems to you to be simple fact? Do you argue whether it’s cold outdoors or whether the car in front of you is going faster than the speed limit? If you get into such arguments, try to think about the story about the six blind men and the elephant. The first blind man who felt the elephant’s trunk said it was like a snake. The second who felt the elephant’s side said it was like a wall, while the third said it was like a spear as he touched the animal’s tusk. The fourth, who had hold of the elephant’s tail insisted that it was like a rope. The fifth man said it looked like a tree as he put his arms around one of the elephant’s legs. The sixth, who was tall and got hold of the elephant’s ears, said it was like a huge fan. Each man’s idea of the animal came from his own experience. So if someone disagrees with you about a “simple fact”, it’s often because his experience in the matter is different from yours. To see how hard it is for even one person to make up his mind about a “simple fact”, try this simple experiment. Get three large bowls. Put ice water in one. Put hot water in the second. Put lukewarm water in the third. Now put your left hand in the ice water. Put your right hand in the hot water. After thirty seconds, put both hands in the lukewarm water. Your right hand will tell you the water is cold. You left hand will tell you it’s hot! [共5题](1) What makes people think about simple facts differently?(A) The fact that simple facts differ from one another.(B) The fact that people have different experience in the same simple fact.(C) The fact that people often disagree with on another.(D) The fact that it’s hard to make up one’s mind about simple facts.(2) Which of the following temperature is the closest to the meaning of the word “lukewarm” in the last paragraph?(A) Above 0℃. (B) Above 40℃. (C) Above 20℃. (D) Below 0℃.(3) The writer’s advice is ________.(A) we should never think about simple facts(B) we should never judge something with a one-sided view(C) we should not agree about simple facts(D) we must learn from the six blind men(4) After reading the last paragraph, we may think of ________.(A) Newton’s law(B) Crallilao’s theory of falling objects(C) Einstein’s theory of relativity(D) Marx’s On Capital(5) The main idea of this passage is ________.(A) people often judge something according to his own experience(B) people often agree about simple facts(C) it’s hard for a person to make up his mind about a simple fact(D) don’t care too much about simple facts

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Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET I. (40 points)Text 1We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. "Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen? .... When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?" "And Paul—why didn't pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car?" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it' s too late.Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don' t really listen we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, "You' re a lucky dog." That' s being friendly. But "lucky dog?" There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that the doesn't think you deserve your luck."Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for," is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn’t important. It' s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven' t got a date for Saturday night.How can you tell the real meaning behind someone' s words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says agree with the tone of voice?His posture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people to you may save another mistake.21. This passage is mainly about______.A) how to interpret what people sayB) what to do when you listen to others talkingC) how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with peopleD) why we go wrong with people sometimes

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People suffering from accidents incurred at work or from occupational diseases receive preferential treatment by the social security service compared with those suffering from civil accidents and ordinary illnesses.

The process of perceiving others is rarely translated(to ourselves or others) into cold,objective terms."She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt." More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations,abilities, ideas, and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly--perhaps with a two-second glance.We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others; who are known to you so you can compare the observed person's behavior with the known others' behavior, observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for,deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person's responses to specific stimuli, asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about himor her, and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person--question, self-disclosures, and so on.Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantlychanging and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we won't ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically, those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e. g. secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of a satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e. g. disclosures and truthful statement).Some people are often surprised by what other people do. According to Berger, that is mainly because__________.A.some people are more emotional than othersB.some people are not aware of the fact that we will never completely know another personC.some people are sensitive enough to sense the change of other people's attitudesD.some people choose to keep to themselves

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“If there is one thing I’m sure about,it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers.It is not that newspapers are a necessity.Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio.Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday.But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation.The nature of what is news may change.What basically makes news is what affects our lives—the big political stories,the coverage of the wars,earthquakes and other disasters,will continue much the same.I think there will be more coverage of scientific research,though.It’s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives,like genetic(基因)engineering.In the future,I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do—as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are.It’s quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted(传送)electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home.In fact,I’m pretty sure that how it will happen in the future.You will probably be able to choose from a menu,making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read—sports and international news,etC.I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media(媒体).They actually feed off each other.Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers,but that hasn’t happeneD.What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air.And as for the Internet,it’s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.What will probably be on in the newspaper made by yourself?A.Sports and international newB.A menu of important newC.The most important newD.What you are interested i

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“If there is one thing I’m sure about,it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers.It is not that newspapers are a necessity.Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio.Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday.But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation.The nature of what is news may change.What basically makes news is what affects our lives—the big political stories,the coverage of the wars,earthquakes and other disasters,will continue much the same.I think there will be more coverage of scientific research,though.It’s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives,like genetic(基因)engineering.In the future,I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do—as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are.It’s quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted(传送)electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home.In fact,I’m pretty sure that how it will happen in the future.You will probably be able to choose from a menu,making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read—sports and international news,etC.I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media(媒体).They actually feed off each other.Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers,but that hasn’t happeneD.What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air.And as for the Internet,it’s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.How many ways does the phrase“to face the music”comes from?A.1B.2C.3D.4

We can make mistakes at any age.Some mistakes we make are about money.But most mistakes?are about people."Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?When I got that great job,did Jim really feel good about it,as a friend?Or did he envy my luck?"When we look back,doubts?like these can make us feel bad.But when we look back,it′s too late.Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies?Sometimes what people say hides their?real meaning.And if we don′t really listen closely we miss the feeling behind the words.Suppose?someone tells you,"You′re a lucky dog."That′s being friendly.But"lucky dog"?There′s a bit?of envy in those words.Maybe he doesn′t see it himself.But bringing in the"dog"puts you down a?little.What he may be saying is that he doesn′t think you deserve your luck."Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for"is another noise that says one thing and?means another.It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole.But is be?Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn′t important.It′s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven′t got a date for Saturday night.How can you tell the real meaning behind someone′s words?One way is to take a good look at?the person talking.Do his words fit the way he looks?Does what he says agree with the tone of?voice?His posture?The look in his eyes?Stop and think.The minute you spend thinking about the?real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.According to the author′,the reason why we go wrong about our friends is thatA.we fail to listen carefully when they talkB.people tend to be annoyed when we check what they sayC.people usually state one thing but mean anotherD.we tend to doubt What.our friends say

资料:Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it possible for us to recognize people? Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child or even an animal, such as a pingeon can learm to recognize faces. We all take this ability for granted.We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.Like the human face human personality is very complex. But describing someone’s peronality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a nice face looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a nice person, you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate friendly, warm, and so forth.There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon Allports, an American psychologist, found nearly18,000 English words characterizing differences in people’s behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing or typing, his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types——people are described with such terms.People have always tried to type each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain’s or the hero’s role. In fact, the words person and persoality come from the Latin persona, meaning mask. Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the good guys from the bad guys because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.Which of the following is NOT true?A.People differ from each in appearanceB.Different people may have different personalitiesC.People can learn to recognize facesD.People can describe all the features of others

资料:Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it possible for us to recognize people? Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child or even an animal, such as a pingeon can learm to recognize faces. We all take this ability for granted.We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone’s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others.Like the human face human personality is very complex. But describing someone’s peronality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a nice face looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a nice person, you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate friendly, warm, and so forth.There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon Allports, an American psychologist, found nearly18,000 English words characterizing differences in people’s behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing or typing, his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types——people are described with such terms.People have always tried to type each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain’s or the hero’s role. In fact, the words person and persoality come from the Latin persona, meaning mask. Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the good guys from the bad guys because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.What is the main idea of this passage?A.How to describe people’s personatitiesB.How to distinguish people’s facesC.How to distinguish people both inward and outwardD.How to differ good people from bad people

资料:When we see well,we do not think about our eyes very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are.People who are near-sighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes,Everything else seems blurry(=unclear).Many people who do a lot of work,such as writing,reading and sewing become near-sighted.People who are far-sighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away,but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arm’s length. If they want to do much reading,they must get glasses,too.Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. They have what is called astigmatism. This,too,can be corrected by glasses. Some people’s eyes become cloudy because of cataracts. Long ago these people often became blind. Now,however,it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.Having two good eyes is important for judging distances. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle. To prove this to yourself,look at an object out of one eye;Then look at the same object out of your other eye. You will find the object’s relation to the background and other things around it has changed. The difference between these two different eye views helps us to judge how far away an object is. People who have only one eye cannot judge distance as people with two eyes.When things far away seem indistinct, one is probably______.A.astigmaticB.far-sightedC.suffering from cataractsD.near-sighted

资料:From:Gloria Richter To:Gunther Schmidt Subject: E-mails; staff lounge; communication problemsDate: March 3There are some communication problems I wish to bring to your attention1. Each day we receive a huge number of emails from colleagues inside the company and from overseas customers. Some are important many are not. My staff seems to spend all day checking and sorting emails, which is time-consuming and results in them neglecting other duties.2. My staff doesn’t understand why you got rid of the staff lounge after the takeover. They say that it said to be a good place to meet people from other departments and to exchange ideas. Most of them still have not met anyone from Sanicorp yet.3. A lot of middle managers are really confused about who they should report to. We know management are planning a reorganization but isn’t it time they told us what’s happening?What can be inferred from the email?A.Gunther Schmidt is the new managerB.Gloria Richter is very dissatisfied with the present conditionC.Gloria’s company currently underwent a restructuringD.Gloria Richter used to work for Sanicorp

单选题"If there is one thing I’m sure about, it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers. It is not that newspapers are a necessity. Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio. Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday. But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation. The nature of what is news may change. What basically makes news is what affects our lives-the big political stories, the coverage of the wars, earthquakes and other disasters, will continue much the same. I think there will be more coverage of scientific research, though. It’s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives, like genetic (基因) engineering. In the future, I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do-as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are. It’s quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted (传送) electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home. In fact, I’m pretty sure that how it will happen in the future. You will probably be able to choose from a menu, making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read-sports and international news, etc. I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media (媒体). They actually feed off each other. Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers, but that hasn’t happened. What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air. And as for the Internet, it’s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.What will probably be on in the newspaper made by yourselfASports and international news.BA menu of important news.CThe most important news.DWhat you are interested in.

问答题Practice 11  Think carefully about the issue presented in the following excerpt and the assignment below.  It is easy to make judgments about people and their actions when we do not know anything about their circumstances or what motivated them to take those actions. But we should look beyond a person’s actions. When people do things that we consider outrageous, inconsiderate, or harmful, we should try to understand why they acted as they did.  Assignment: Is it important to try to understand people’s motivations before judging their actions? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observation.

单选题They already guide blind and disabled people; now dogs are to be trained to help people with dementia (痴呆). The duties of these "guide dogs for the mind" will include reminding their owners to take medication, as well as encouraging them to eat, drink and sleep at regular intervals. The dementia dogs will be trained to respond to sound triggers in the home that prompt them to perform tasks. These could include delivering a bite-proof bag of medicine with a note inside reminding the patient to take it, or waking them up in the morning. The idea was developed by design students at the Glasgow School of Art and will now be put into practice by Alzheimer"s Scotland and Dogs for the disabled. Joyce Gray of Alzheimer"s Scotland said, "People in the early stages of dementia are still able to live a relatively normal life, and dogs help to maintain routine." The other advantage of using the pets as companions is that conversation can be increasingly confusing for people with Alzheimer"s, but dogs can give them a sense of silent support and companionship. People light up when they see animals. They don"t need to communicate verbally but they can still interact. You can have a speechless bond. The dog would also encourage the owner to take them out for walks, ensuring they keep exercising and interacting with other people.What is true about the people suffering from dementiaAThey would like to stay with other people.BThey can maintain routine.CThey will gradually lose the ability to live a normal life.DThey would like to talk in a different way.

单选题"If there is one thing I’m sure about, it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers. It is not that newspapers are a necessity. Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio. Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday. But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation. The nature of what is news may change. What basically makes news is what affects our lives-the big political stories, the coverage of the wars, earthquakes and other disasters, will continue much the same. I think there will be more coverage of scientific research, though. It’s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives, like genetic (基因) engineering. In the future, I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do-as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are. It’s quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted (传送) electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home. In fact, I’m pretty sure that how it will happen in the future. You will probably be able to choose from a menu, making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read-sports and international news, etc. I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media (媒体). They actually feed off each other. Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers, but that hasn’t happened. What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air. And as for the Internet, it’s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.In the writer’s opinion, in the future, ().Amore big political affairs, wars and disasters will make newsBnewspapers will not be printed in publishing houses any longerCnewspapers will cover more scientific researchDmore and more people will watch TV

单选题"If there is one thing I’m sure about, it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers. It is not that newspapers are a necessity. Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio. Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday. But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation. The nature of what is news may change. What basically makes news is what affects our lives-the big political stories, the coverage of the wars, earthquakes and other disasters, will continue much the same. I think there will be more coverage of scientific research, though. It’s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives, like genetic (基因) engineering. In the future, I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do-as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are. It’s quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted (传送) electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home. In fact, I’m pretty sure that how it will happen in the future. You will probably be able to choose from a menu, making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read-sports and international news, etc. I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media (媒体). They actually feed off each other. Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers, but that hasn’t happened. What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air. And as for the Internet, it’s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.From the passage, we can infer ().Anewspapers will win the competition among the different mediaBnewspapers will stay with us together with other mediaCtelevision will take the place of newspaperDthe writer believe some media will die out

单选题"If there is one thing I’m sure about, it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers. It is not that newspapers are a necessity. Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio. Many buy a paper only on Saturday or Sunday. But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation. The nature of what is news may change. What basically makes news is what affects our lives-the big political stories, the coverage of the wars, earthquakes and other disasters, will continue much the same. I think there will be more coverage of scientific research, though. It’s already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives, like genetic (基因) engineering. In the future, I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we do-as we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are. It’s quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted (传送) electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home. In fact, I’m pretty sure that how it will happen in the future. You will probably be able to choose from a menu, making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to read-sports and international news, etc. I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition between the different media (媒体). They actually feed off each other. Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers, but that hasn’t happened. What is read on the printed page lasts longer than pictures on a screen or sound lost in the air. And as for the Internet, it’s never really pleasant to read something just on a screen.What is the best title for the passageAThe Best Way to Get NewsBThe Changes of MediaCMake Your Own NewspaperDThe Future of Newspaper

填空题What conclusion can we draw about working at home from the passage?Working at home is getting popular but most people need to meet their colleagues ____.

单选题What are we told about people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease?AThey don’t understand the mechanisms of memory.BThey can’t remember who they are.CThey forget how to perform simple tasks.

单选题According to the author, to be an anthropologist means we should _____.Atake interest in what we are doingBnot take interest in what other people are doingCjudge other people’s behaviors with accepted standardsDnot judge other people’s behaviors with our own standards