名词解释题细菌的耐药性 （resistance of bacteria）
名词解释题
细菌的耐药性 （resistance of bacteria）
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下列关于细菌耐药性的说法，错误的是A、通过转导将耐药性质粒传递给受体菌，可导致耐药性的发生B、细菌外膜的通透性改变使抗生素不能进入而产生耐药性C、细菌产生了与抗生素结合力低的蛋白质而产生耐药性D、细菌的耐药性与普通菌毛有关E、细菌的耐药性问题已成为现代医学的重要课题
共用题干第三篇Be Alert to Antimicrobial（抗微生物的）ResistanceThe ability of micro-organisms to find ways to avoid the action of the drugs used to cure the infectionsthey cause is increasingly recognized as a global public health issue.Some bacteria have developed mecha-nisms which make them resistant to many of the antibiotics（抗生素）normally used for their treatment. They are known as multi一drug resistant bacteria,posing particular difficulties,as there may be few or no alternative options for therapy.They constitute a growing and global public health problem. WHO suggests that countries should be prepared to implement hospital infection control measures to limit the spread of multi-drug resistant strains（菌株）and to reinforce national policy on prudent use of antibiotics , reducing the generation of antibiotic resistant bacteria.An article published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases on 1 1 August 2010 identified a new gene that enables some types of bacteria to be highly resistant to almost all antibiotics.The article has drawn attention to the issue of antimicrobial resistance,and,in particular,has raised awareness of infections caused by multi- drug resistant bacteria.While multi-drug resistant bacteria are not new and will continue to appear,this development requires monitoring and further study to understand the extent and modes of transmission,and to define the most effec-tive measures for control.Those called upon to be alert to the problem of antimicrobial resistance and take appropriate action in- clude consumers , managers of hospitals , patients , as well as national governments , the pharmaceutical（制药 的）industry,and international agencies.WHO strongly recommends that governments focus control and prevention efforts in the following areas like surveillance for antimicrobial resistance;rational antibiotic use,including education of healthcare workers and the public in the appropriate use of antibiotics;introducing or enforcing legislation related to stopping the selling of antibiotics without prescription;and strict adherence to infection prevention and control measures, including the use of hand-washing measures,particularly in healthcare facilities.Successful control of multidrug-resistant micro-organisms has been documented in many countries,and the existing and well-known infection prevention and control measures can effectively reduce transmission of multi-drug resistant organisms if systematically implemented.WHO will continue to support countries to develop relevant policies,and to coordinate international efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance.Antimicrobial resistance will be the theme of WHO's World Health Day 2011.We learn from the passage that_________.A:antimicrobial resistance was not noticed until 2010B:without WHO,no country will be safe in the war against antimicrobial resistanceC:WHO will focus its prevention and control efforts in poor countriesD:further study is needed to deal with the transmission of multi-drug resistant bacteria
共用题干第三篇Be Alert to Antimicrobial（抗微生物的）ResistanceThe ability of micro-organisms to find ways to avoid the action of the drugs used to cure the infectionsthey cause is increasingly recognized as a global public health issue.Some bacteria have developed mecha-nisms which make them resistant to many of the antibiotics（抗生素）normally used for their treatment. They are known as multi一drug resistant bacteria,posing particular difficulties,as there may be few or no alternative options for therapy.They constitute a growing and global public health problem. WHO suggests that countries should be prepared to implement hospital infection control measures to limit the spread of multi-drug resistant strains（菌株）and to reinforce national policy on prudent use of antibiotics , reducing the generation of antibiotic resistant bacteria.An article published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases on 1 1 August 2010 identified a new gene that enables some types of bacteria to be highly resistant to almost all antibiotics.The article has drawn attention to the issue of antimicrobial resistance,and,in particular,has raised awareness of infections caused by multi- drug resistant bacteria.While multi-drug resistant bacteria are not new and will continue to appear,this development requires monitoring and further study to understand the extent and modes of transmission,and to define the most effec-tive measures for control.Those called upon to be alert to the problem of antimicrobial resistance and take appropriate action in- clude consumers , managers of hospitals , patients , as well as national governments , the pharmaceutical（制药 的）industry,and international agencies.WHO strongly recommends that governments focus control and prevention efforts in the following areas like surveillance for antimicrobial resistance;rational antibiotic use,including education of healthcare workers and the public in the appropriate use of antibiotics;introducing or enforcing legislation related to stopping the selling of antibiotics without prescription;and strict adherence to infection prevention and control measures, including the use of hand-washing measures,particularly in healthcare facilities.Successful control of multidrug-resistant micro-organisms has been documented in many countries,and the existing and well-known infection prevention and control measures can effectively reduce transmission of multi-drug resistant organisms if systematically implemented.WHO will continue to support countries to develop relevant policies,and to coordinate international efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance.Antimicrobial resistance will be the theme of WHO's World Health Day 2011.Antimicrobial resistance has become a global public health issue because_________.A:new antibiotics are too expensive for poor countriesB:infections caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria have killed a lot of peopleC:scientists know nothing about multi-drug resistant bacteriaD:there may be few or no treatment to infections caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria
共用题干第三篇Be Alert to Antimicrobial（抗微生物的）ResistanceThe ability of micro-organisms to find ways to avoid the action of the drugs used to cure the infectionsthey cause is increasingly recognized as a global public health issue.Some bacteria have developed mecha-nisms which make them resistant to many of the antibiotics（抗生素）normally used for their treatment. They are known as multi一drug resistant bacteria,posing particular difficulties,as there may be few or no alternative options for therapy.They constitute a growing and global public health problem. WHO suggests that countries should be prepared to implement hospital infection control measures to limit the spread of multi-drug resistant strains（菌株）and to reinforce national policy on prudent use of antibiotics , reducing the generation of antibiotic resistant bacteria.An article published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases on 1 1 August 2010 identified a new gene that enables some types of bacteria to be highly resistant to almost all antibiotics.The article has drawn attention to the issue of antimicrobial resistance,and,in particular,has raised awareness of infections caused by multi- drug resistant bacteria.While multi-drug resistant bacteria are not new and will continue to appear,this development requires monitoring and further study to understand the extent and modes of transmission,and to define the most effec-tive measures for control.Those called upon to be alert to the problem of antimicrobial resistance and take appropriate action in- clude consumers , managers of hospitals , patients , as well as national governments , the pharmaceutical（制药 的）industry,and international agencies.WHO strongly recommends that governments focus control and prevention efforts in the following areas like surveillance for antimicrobial resistance;rational antibiotic use,including education of healthcare workers and the public in the appropriate use of antibiotics;introducing or enforcing legislation related to stopping the selling of antibiotics without prescription;and strict adherence to infection prevention and control measures, including the use of hand-washing measures,particularly in healthcare facilities.Successful control of multidrug-resistant micro-organisms has been documented in many countries,and the existing and well-known infection prevention and control measures can effectively reduce transmission of multi-drug resistant organisms if systematically implemented.WHO will continue to support countries to develop relevant policies,and to coordinate international efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance.Antimicrobial resistance will be the theme of WHO's World Health Day 2011.The article published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases found thatA:a new multi-drug resistant bacterium has appearedB:some bacteria have developed a new gene to resist almost all antibioticsC:some infections are caused by antibioticsD:some countries are successful in controlling multi-drug resistant micro-organisms
共用题干第三篇Be Alert to Antimicrobial（抗微生物的）ResistanceThe ability of micro-organisms to find ways to avoid the action of the drugs used to cure the infectionsthey cause is increasingly recognized as a global public health issue.Some bacteria have developed mecha-nisms which make them resistant to many of the antibiotics（抗生素）normally used for their treatment. They are known as multi一drug resistant bacteria,posing particular difficulties,as there may be few or no alternative options for therapy.They constitute a growing and global public health problem. WHO suggests that countries should be prepared to implement hospital infection control measures to limit the spread of multi-drug resistant strains（菌株）and to reinforce national policy on prudent use of antibiotics , reducing the generation of antibiotic resistant bacteria.An article published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases on 1 1 August 2010 identified a new gene that enables some types of bacteria to be highly resistant to almost all antibiotics.The article has drawn attention to the issue of antimicrobial resistance,and,in particular,has raised awareness of infections caused by multi- drug resistant bacteria.While multi-drug resistant bacteria are not new and will continue to appear,this development requires monitoring and further study to understand the extent and modes of transmission,and to define the most effec-tive measures for control.Those called upon to be alert to the problem of antimicrobial resistance and take appropriate action in- clude consumers , managers of hospitals , patients , as well as national governments , the pharmaceutical（制药 的）industry,and international agencies.WHO strongly recommends that governments focus control and prevention efforts in the following areas like surveillance for antimicrobial resistance;rational antibiotic use,including education of healthcare workers and the public in the appropriate use of antibiotics;introducing or enforcing legislation related to stopping the selling of antibiotics without prescription;and strict adherence to infection prevention and control measures, including the use of hand-washing measures,particularly in healthcare facilities.Successful control of multidrug-resistant micro-organisms has been documented in many countries,and the existing and well-known infection prevention and control measures can effectively reduce transmission of multi-drug resistant organisms if systematically implemented.WHO will continue to support countries to develop relevant policies,and to coordinate international efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance.Antimicrobial resistance will be the theme of WHO's World Health Day 2011.WHO recommends governments to focus on the following areas EXCEPT_________.A:education on the use of antibioticsB:keeping hospitals from storing more antibiotics than they can useC:control of antibiotic useD:introduction of new regulations on the sale of antibiotics
对细菌耐药性产生机理的叙述，不正确的是（）A、细菌耐药性的获得是由于基因突变等方式获得耐药性基因并表达的结果B、抗生素的使用使病原微生物产生了适应性的变异C、耐药性增强是由于抗生素对细菌的变异定向选择的结果D、耐药性增强的过程中细菌耐药性基因频率增大
关于细菌耐药性的说法，错误的是（）。A、通过转导将耐药性质粒传递给受体菌可导致耐药性的发生B、细菌外膜通透性改变使抗生素不能进入而产生耐药性C、细菌产生了与抗生素结合力低的蛋白质而产生耐药性D、细菌的耐药性与普通菌毛有关E、细菌的耐药性问题已成为现代医学的重要课题
下列有关细菌耐药的基本机制，描述不正确的是（）。A、细菌耐药性又称抗药性，是指细菌对于生物药物作用的耐受性或对抗性B、固有耐药性由细菌染色体基因决定，代代相传，不会改变C、获得耐药性是由于细菌与抗菌药物接触后由质粒介导，通过改变自身的代谢途径，使其不被抗菌药物杀灭D、多重耐药性是指细菌对多种作用机制不同的抗菌药物产生的耐药性E、交叉耐药性是指细菌对某一种抗菌药物产生耐药性后，对其他作用机制相似的抗菌药物也产生耐药性
下列关于细菌耐药性的说法，错误的是（）A、通过转导将耐药性质粒传递给受体菌导致耐药性的发生B、细菌外膜的通透性改变使抗生素不能进入而产生耐药性C、细菌产生了与抗生素结合力低的蛋白而产生耐药性D、细菌的耐药性与普通菌毛有关E、细菌的耐药性问题已成为现代医学的重要课题
名词解释题氨氧化细菌 ammonia-oxidizing bacteria