名词解释题抗原（antigen）
名词解释题
抗原（antigen）
参考解析
解析：
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链球菌的抗原主要包括A、糖蛋白抗原，脂多糖抗原，核蛋白抗原B、蛋白抗原，脂多糖抗原，核蛋白抗原C、膜蛋白抗原，多糖抗原，核蛋白抗原D、膜蛋白抗原，脂多糖抗原，核蛋白抗原E、蛋白抗原，多糖抗原，核蛋白抗原
下列关于前列腺特异性抗原(prostate－specific antigen,PSA)的说法,不正确的是() A.血清PSA为组织特异性而非疾病特异性B.PSA升高对前列腺癌，特别是高分化癌有较高的诊断价值C.PSA检查应在前列腺的直肠指诊前1周D.PSA检测时应无急性前列腺炎、尿潴留E.PSA检查应在膀胱镜检查、导尿等操作后48小时
链球菌的抗原主要有A、糖蛋白抗原，脂多糖抗原，核蛋白抗原B、蛋白抗原，脂多糖抗原，核蛋白抗原C、膜蛋白抗原，多糖抗原，核蛋白抗原D、膜蛋白抗原，脂多糖抗原，核蛋白抗原E、蛋白抗原，多糖抗原，核蛋白抗原
共用题干第一篇Immune FunctionsThe immune system is equal in complexity to the combined intricacies of the brain and nervous system. The success of the immune system in defending the body relies on a dynamic regulatory communication net- work consisting of millions and millions of cells.Organized into sets and subsets,these cells pass information back and forth like clouds of bees flying around a hive（蜂巢）.The result is a sensitive system of checks and balances that produces an immune response that is prompt,appropriate,effective,and self-limiting.At the heart of the immune system is the ability to distinguish between self and nonself. When immune defenders encounter cells or organisms carrying foreign or nonself molecules,the immune troops move quicklyto eliminate the intruders（人侵者）.Virtually every body cell carries distinctive molecules that identify it as self. The body's immune defenses do not normally attack tissues that carry a self-marker. Rather,immune cells and other body cells coexist peaceably in a state known as self-tolerance.When a normally functioning immune system attacks a nonself molecule,the system has the ability to"remember"the specifics of the foreign body.Upon subsequent encounters with the same species of molecules,the immune system reacts accordingly. With the possible exception of antibodies（抗体）passed during lactation（授乳期）, this so called immune system memory is not inherited.Despite the occurrence of a virus in your family,your immune system must"learn"from experience with the many millions of distinctive nonseif molecules in the sea of microbes（微生物）in which we live. Learning entails producing the appropriate molecules and cells to match up with and counteract each nonseif invader.Any substance capable of triggering an immune response is called an antigen（抗原）.Antigens are not to be confused with illergens（过敏原）,which are most often harmless substances that provoke the immune system to set off the inappropriate and harmful response known as allergy.An antigen can be a virus,a bacte-rium,or even a portion or product of one of these organisms.Tissues or cells from another individual also act as antigens,because the immune system recognizes transplanted tissues as foreign,it rejects them.The body will even reject nourishing proteins unless they are first broken down by the digestive system into their primary,nonantigenic building blocks.An antigen announces its foreignness by means of intricate and charac- teristic shapes called epitopes（抗原表位）, which protrude（突出）from its surface. Most antigens , even the simplest microbes,carry several different kinds of epitopes on their surface;some may even carry several hundreds.Some epitopes will be more effective than others at stimulating an immune response.Only in abnormal situations does the immune system wrongly identify self as nonself and execute a misdirected immune attack.Which of the following best expresses the main idea of this passage?A:An antigen is any substance that triggers an immune response.B:One of the immune system's primary functions is the allergic response.C:The human body is an appropriate habitat for microbes.D:The basic function of the immune system is to distinguish between self and nonseif.
共用题干第一篇Immune FunctionsThe immune system is equal in complexity to the combined intricacies of the brain and nervous system. The success of the immune system in defending the body relies on a dynamic regulatory communication net- work consisting of millions and millions of cells.Organized into sets and subsets,these cells pass information back and forth like clouds of bees flying around a hive（蜂巢）.The result is a sensitive system of checks and balances that produces an immune response that is prompt,appropriate,effective,and self-limiting.At the heart of the immune system is the ability to distinguish between self and nonself. When immune defenders encounter cells or organisms carrying foreign or nonself molecules,the immune troops move quicklyto eliminate the intruders（人侵者）.Virtually every body cell carries distinctive molecules that identify it as self. The body's immune defenses do not normally attack tissues that carry a self-marker. Rather,immune cells and other body cells coexist peaceably in a state known as self-tolerance.When a normally functioning immune system attacks a nonself molecule,the system has the ability to"remember"the specifics of the foreign body.Upon subsequent encounters with the same species of molecules,the immune system reacts accordingly. With the possible exception of antibodies（抗体）passed during lactation（授乳期）, this so called immune system memory is not inherited.Despite the occurrence of a virus in your family,your immune system must"learn"from experience with the many millions of distinctive nonseif molecules in the sea of microbes（微生物）in which we live. Learning entails producing the appropriate molecules and cells to match up with and counteract each nonseif invader.Any substance capable of triggering an immune response is called an antigen（抗原）.Antigens are not to be confused with illergens（过敏原）,which are most often harmless substances that provoke the immune system to set off the inappropriate and harmful response known as allergy.An antigen can be a virus,a bacte-rium,or even a portion or product of one of these organisms.Tissues or cells from another individual also act as antigens,because the immune system recognizes transplanted tissues as foreign,it rejects them.The body will even reject nourishing proteins unless they are first broken down by the digestive system into their primary,nonantigenic building blocks.An antigen announces its foreignness by means of intricate and charac- teristic shapes called epitopes（抗原表位）, which protrude（突出）from its surface. Most antigens , even the simplest microbes,carry several different kinds of epitopes on their surface;some may even carry several hundreds.Some epitopes will be more effective than others at stimulating an immune response.Only in abnormal situations does the immune system wrongly identify self as nonself and execute a misdirected immune attack.How do the immune cells recognize an antigen as"foreign"or"nonself"?A:Through an allergic response.B:Through blood type.C:Through characteristic shapes on the antigen surface.D:Through fine hairs protruding from the antigen surface.
单选题沙门菌抗原非常复杂，下列哪组属于主要的具有分类学意义的抗原？（ ）AO抗原、H抗原、M抗原BH抗原、K抗原、Vi抗原CK抗原、M抗原、5抗原DO抗原、H抗原、Vi抗原EVi抗原、5抗原、M抗原
名词解释题Fetal antigen