名词解释题低输出量性心力衰竭（low output heart failure）
名词解释题
低输出量性心力衰竭（low output heart failure）
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共用题干Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the HeartAccording to scientists in the USA,stem cell therapy may one day be able to repair the hearts of people with heart failure.Researchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery.They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged.They then compared their hearts with those of people who had undergone surgery without having the stem cells injected into them(they had also suffered from severe heart failure).The patients who had had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump（用泵抽运） more blood than the others.According to Professor Robert Kormos,one of the researchers,these results could revolutionize heart treatment.Although previous studies had indicated that there might be a benefit,this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help thefailing heart work better．All the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump blood properly.The scientists measured their ejection fraction（射血分数）.This is a measure of heart performance;you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle（心室）.Healthy people's ejection fraction is about 55%.These patients had ejection fraction ofunder 35%. They all had by-pass surgery（搭桥手术）performed on them. Some of the patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the damaged heart muscle.Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 46.1%while those who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37. 2%.No side effects were reported.Heart failure is a common problem all over the world.In the UK alone about 650, 000 people suffer from heart failure every year. As the number of people suffering from heart failure increases in the world in general these findings are particularly significant.Current treatments relieve the symptoms.This new stem cell therapy actually repairs the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease. Heart failure is more common in the UK than anywhere else in the world.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
共用题干Stem Cell Therapy May Help Repair the HeartAccording to scientists in the USA,stem cell therapy may one day be able to repair the hearts of people with heart failure.Researchers at Pittsburgh University School of Medicine examined 20 patients who had severe heart failure and were going to have surgery.They injected stem cells into the parts of their hearts that were damaged.They then compared their hearts with those of people who had undergone surgery without having the stem cells injected into them(they had also suffered from severe heart failure).The patients who had had the stem cells injected had hearts that were able to pump（用泵抽运） more blood than the others.According to Professor Robert Kormos,one of the researchers,these results could revolutionize heart treatment.Although previous studies had indicated that there might be a benefit,this is the first study that has actually proved that stem cell therapy can help thefailing heart work better．All the patients in this study had hearts that could not pump blood properly.The scientists measured their ejection fraction（射血分数）.This is a measure of heart performance;you measure how much blood is being pumped out by the left ventricle（心室）.Healthy people's ejection fraction is about 55%.These patients had ejection fraction ofunder 35%. They all had by-pass surgery（搭桥手术）performed on them. Some of the patients had stem cells taken from their hip bones and injected into 25-30 sites in the damaged heart muscle.Six months later their ejection fraction rate was 46.1%while those who just had surgery but no stem cell injections averaged 37. 2%.No side effects were reported.Heart failure is a common problem all over the world.In the UK alone about 650, 000 people suffer from heart failure every year. As the number of people suffering from heart failure increases in the world in general these findings are particularly significant.Current treatments relieve the symptoms.This new stem cell therapy actually repairs the damaged muscle in the heart and has the potential of curing the disease. The 20 patients had stem cell injections instead of surgery.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
In low and middle income countries, heart disease and cancer get much of the attention given to______diseases.A.contagiousB.transparentC.chronicD.immune
共用题干第一篇Human Heart can Make New CellsSolving a longstanding（为时甚久的）mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues togenerate new cardiac（心脏的）cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.The finding,published in the April 3rd issue of Science,could open a new path for the treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack,experts say."We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes（心肌细胞）,are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen,a professor of stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm,Sweden."It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we were born with or whether they could be renewed,"he said."The process of renewing these cells changes over time,"Frisen added. In a 20-year-old,about 1percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year , but the turnover（更替）rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75."If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated,it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals（药物）that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after , for example,a heart attack,"Frisen said.That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts."A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure,."noted co-author Dr. Ratan Bhardwaj,also from the Karolinska Institute."Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said."With this finding,scientists are opening the door to potential therapies（疗法）,to having ourselves heal ourselves,"Bhardwaj said."Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new and more cells to overcome the problem they are facing."But barriers remain.According to Bhardwaj,scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off,especially in older patients with heart failure.In addition,the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts一 whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.The human heart stops producing cardiac cells ______.A:when a person becomes oldB:as soon as a person gets sickC:immediately after a person is bornD:once a person dies
共用题干第一篇Human Heart can Make New CellsSolving a longstanding（为时甚久的）mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues togenerate new cardiac（心脏的）cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.The finding,published in the April 3rd issue of Science,could open a new path for the treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack,experts say."We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes（心肌细胞）,are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen,a professor of stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm,Sweden."It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we were born with or whether they could be renewed,"he said."The process of renewing these cells changes over time,"Frisen added. In a 20-year-old,about 1percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year , but the turnover（更替）rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75."If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated,it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals（药物）that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after , for example,a heart attack,"Frisen said.That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts."A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure,."noted co-author Dr. Ratan Bhardwaj,also from the Karolinska Institute."Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said."With this finding,scientists are opening the door to potential therapies（疗法）,to having ourselves heal ourselves,"Bhardwaj said."Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new and more cells to overcome the problem they are facing."But barriers remain.According to Bhardwaj,scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off,especially in older patients with heart failure.In addition,the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts一 whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.Chronic heart failure is attributed to _________.A:the dying heart cellsB:the effect of pharmaceuticalsC:the weight of the patientD:the life span of a person
单选题高输出量性心力衰竭患者的血流动力学特点是（）A心输出量比心力衰竭前增加B心输出量比心力衰竭前有所降低，可低于正常水平C心输出量比心力衰竭前有所增加，但低于正常水平D心输出量比心力衰竭前有所降低，但可高于正常水平E心输出量比心力衰竭前有所增加，可稍高于正常水平
单选题Operational amplifiers, used primarily in analog circuits, are characterized by（）Ahigh input impedance, high gain and low output impedanceBhigh input impedance, high gain and high output impedanceClow input impedance, low gain and high output impedanceDlow input impedance, high gain and low output impedance
单选题The efficiency and output capacity of a low pressure distilling plant will be reduced if the last effect shell （）Apressure does not fluctuate rapidlyBpressure remains steady and unchangedCbrine density does not exceed 1~5Dbrine density is too low
单选题下列哪种疾病引起的心力衰竭不属于低输出量性心力衰竭（）A冠心病B心肌炎C二尖瓣狭窄D甲状腺功能亢进