问答题Practice 13 (1) Actually, the world’s birth rate is falling. But so is death rate, as medical advances have made it possible for man to live longer than before. Such advances have also reduced baby death rate. (2) Unless population growth is reduced, the world population may reach l2 billion in a century. Is the earth capable of providing a good life for so large a population?
问答题
Practice 13 (1) Actually, the world’s birth rate is falling. But so is death rate, as medical advances have made it possible for man to live longer than before. Such advances have also reduced baby death rate. (2) Unless population growth is reduced, the world population may reach l2 billion in a century. Is the earth capable of providing a good life for so large a population?
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The principal factor depressing life expectancy in developing countries has always been the high death rate for infants and children. The World Bank studies suggest that as much as two thirds of the difference in life-spans between people in developed countries and those in developing ones can be traced to differences in survival rates for children under five. It is here where the most improvement has come. According to UN estimates, significant regional drops in infant mortality - ranging from 25 percent to 60 percent and centering near 40 percent - appear to have taken place between the late 1950s and the late 1970s in northern Africa, Latin America, and Asia. Although sub-Saharan Africa' s mortality trends cannot be quantified with confidence, there is reason to believe that life expectancy has risen and infant mortality has declined in that region as well. There is little doubt that population growth has accelerated in sub-Saharan Africa since the 1950s; in fact, sub-Saharan Africa is widely thought to have the highest rate of population growth of any major region in the world. Only a small portion of that acceleration is likely to have been caused by increases in fertility (and increases in fertility, insofar as they have occurred, may also imply improvements in health and nutrition).Mortality, of course, is not a perfect measure of nutritional change. Improved nutrition is only one of a number of forces that have been pushing down death rates in developing countries. Others include the upgrading of hygiene and sanitation; the extension of public health services; medical innovations; improvements in education, communications, transportation, and, in some areas, civil order. Even so, the extent to which improvements innutrition—both direct and indirect—have reduced mortality in developing countries has frequently been underestimated. For example, Sri Lanka experienced an abrupt jump in life expectancy shortly after the Second World War. Whereas this was long described as a "technical fix"—a triumph of DDT over the anopheles mosquito—years later researchers realized that abrupt and rapid drops in mortality had also taken place in Sri Lanka' s highlands, or "dry zones", where malaria had never been a serious problem. In both highlands and lowland regions health improved in tandem with access to food.According to the author, life expectancy in developing countries is not high mainly because developing countries______.A．have a low standard of livingB．have no public health servicesC．have no public and private hygiene and sanitationD．have low survival rates for infants and children
The world’s population continues to grow. There now are about 4 billion of us on earth. That could reach 6 billion by the end of the century and 11 billion in a further 75 years. Experts have long been concerned about such a growth. Where will we find the food, water, jobs, houses, school and health care for all these people?A major new study shows that the situation may be changing. A large and rapid drop in the world’s birth rate has taken place during the past 10 years. Families generally are smaller now than they were a few years ago. It is happening in both developing and industrial nations.Researchers said they found a number of reasons for this. More men and women are waiting longer to get married and are using birth control devices and methods to prevent or delay pregnancy. More women are going to school or working at jobs away from home instead of having children. And more governments, especially in developing nations, now support family planning programs to reduce population grow.China is one of the nations that have made great progress in reducing its population growth. China has already cut its rate of population growth by about half since 1970.Each Chinese family is now urged to have no more than one child. And the hope is to reach a zero population growth with the total number of births equaling the total number of deaths by the year 2000.Several nations in Europe already have fewer births than deaths. Experts said that these nations could face a serious shortage of workers in the future. And the persons who are working could face much higher taxes to help support the growing number of retired people.1. The world’s population could reach ____________.A. 6 billion in 75 yearsB. 11 billion in 2075C. 11 billion by the end of this centuryD. 600 million in 15 years2. Which of the following is true?A. The world’s birth rate is higher than ten years ago.B. There has been a slower population growth in the past ten years.C. Families are as large as before.D. Birth control has been well practiced in all nations.3. By the year 2000, the number of births and the number of deaths in China will _______.A. be greatly differentB. drop a great dealC. be equalD. become much larger4. According to the essay, China’s population control ________.A. is not quite successfulB. should be considered a big successC. is far from being successfulD. is a complete failure5. It may happen in the future that the people who are working in Europe will have to pay much higher taxes because___________.A. more and more children will be bornB. the number of retired people will become ever largerC. fewer and fewer children will be bornD. they will be making a lot of money
In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest _____ rate and the highest _____ rate. A.inflation, growthB.growth, inflationC.growth, divorceD.growth, birth
Which of the following statements is NOT true?A) World population is increasing at a rate of 150 per minute.B) Lower death rates also contribute to world population growth.C) The population of Columbia has been doubling every year for 21 years.D) The United States is usually doubling its population about every 87 years.
In spite of all stories of prosperity in the United States, not only does poverty exist there, but crimes of various types have been increasing at an alarming rate． Most acts of violence were committed by young people． 57% of the criminals arrested in 1979 were youths below 25 of age．Everyone agrees that crime is partly a result of bad material conditions: poverty, lack of education,living without a settled home,being parentless,sufferings from other kinds of misfortune, etc．There are also other factors than material conditions which are responsible for the sharp increase of crime rate． In the first place, some state laws provide a death penalty but some not．Secondly, the Constitution allows every citizen to carry weapons for his own protection． It is therefore possible and easy for anyone in the country to get a gun． Finally, there has been too much shown on TV and too much reported in newspaper of all kinds of crime, the details of which are so accurately described that even children know how to duplicate what they have seen or read．All these have resulted in a high frequency of crimes committed both by professional criminals and by nonprofessional ones in murder, drug smuggling, robbery, etc．Which of the following is correct according to the text?A.Of the criminals arrested in 1970, 57 percent were youths below 25 of age．B.Lack of education has little to do with the crime rate．C.Differences in state laws for death penalty also account for the increase of crime rate．D.Drug smuggling is the only product of too many shows and reports．
共用题干第二篇In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.Saudi Arabia is mentioned in the passage because it shows that________.A:the most important factor influencing birth rate is the economyB:factors other than the economy influence birth rateC:women who have a high income usually have few childrenD:the birth rate depends on per capita income
共用题干第二篇In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.In a traditional agricultural economy,a large family_________.A:can be an advantageB:may limit incomeC:isn't necessaryD:is expensive
共用题干第二篇In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.According to this passage,Italy today is an example of an__________.A:agricultural country with a high birth rateB:agricultural country with a low birth rateC:industrialized country with a low birth rateD:industrialized country with a high birth rate
共用题干第二篇In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.When countries become industrialized,________.A:families often become largerB:the birth rate generally goes downC:women usually decide not to have a familyD:the population generally grows rapidly
共用题干第二篇In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.In Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia,the government________.A:is not concerned about the status of womenB:has tried to industrialize the. country rapidlyC:does not allow women to work outside the homeD:has tried to improve the condition of women
共用题干第一篇Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple.Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their families?There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an ex- pense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War II,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia,for exam- pie,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de- pend on better economic conditions.When countries become industrialized,_________.A:the birth rate generally goes downB:families often become largerC:women usually decide not to have a familyD:the population generally grows rapidly
共用题干Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate—from 3 .0 to 7.0 chil-dren per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families .Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their fami-lies?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic .In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate .This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate .After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Ara-bia,for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia .There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the im-proved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and oppotunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so．In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India，as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families．These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de-pend on better economic conditions.It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs .Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success． In a traditional agricultural economy，a large family____．A: can be an advantageB: may limit incomeC: isn't necessaryD: is expensive
共用题干Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate—from 3 .0 to 7.0 chil-dren per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families .Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their fami-lies?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic .In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate .This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate .After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Ara-bia,for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia .There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the im-proved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and oppotunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so．In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India，as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families．These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de-pend on better economic conditions.It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs .Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success． According to this passage,in the early part of 20th century,Italy was an____.A: agricultural country with a high birth rateB: agricultural country with a low birth rateC: industrialized country with a low birth rateD:.industrialized country with a high birth rate
共用题干Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate—from 3 .0 to 7.0 chil-dren per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families .Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their fami-lies?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic .In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate .This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate .After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Ara-bia,for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia .There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the im-proved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and oppotunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so．In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India，as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families．These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de-pend on better economic conditions.It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs .Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success． When countries become industrialized____.A: families often become largerB: the birth rate generally goes downC:.women usually decide not have a familyD:.the population generally grows rapidly
共用题干第一篇Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple.Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their families?There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an ex- pense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War II,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia,for exam- pie,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de- pend on better economic conditions.Saudi Arabia is mentioned because it shows that_________.A:the most important factor influencing birth rate is the economyB:women who have a high income usually have few childrenC:the birth rate depends on per capita incomeD:factors other than the economy influence birth rate
共用题干Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate—from 3 .0 to 7.0 chil-dren per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families .Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their fami-lies?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic .In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate .This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate .After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Ara-bia,for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia .There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the im-proved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and oppotunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so．In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India，as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families．These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de-pend on better economic conditions.It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs .Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success． Saudi Arabia is mentioned in the passage because it shows that____.A: the most important factor influencing birth rate is the economyB: factors other than the economy influence birth rateC: women who have a high income usually have few childrenD: the birth rate depends on per capita income
共用题干第一篇Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple.Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their families?There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an ex- pense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War II,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia,for exam- pie,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de- pend on better economic conditions.In a traditional agricultural economy,a large family_________.A:may limit incomeB:can be an advantageC:isn't necessaryD:is expensive
共用题干第一篇Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple.Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their families?There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an ex- pense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War II,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia,for exam- pie,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de- pend on better economic conditions.italy today is an example of an_________.A:agricultural country with a high birth rateB:agricultural country with a low birth rateC:industrialized country with a low birth rateD:industrialized country with a high birth rate
The population decreased from the 1840s until about 1970,largely because of（）.Aa low birth rateBa high death rateCa low employment rateDa high emigration rate
The population decreased from the 1840s until about 1970,largely because of（）.A、a low birth rateB、a high death rateC、a low employment rateD、a high emigration rate
单选题The population decreased from the 1840s until about 1970,largely because of（）.Aa low birth rateBa high death rateCa low employment rateDa high emigration rate
问答题练习16 (1) Actually, the world’s birth rate is falling. But so is death rate, as medical advances have made it possible for man to live longer than before. Such advances have also reduced baby death rate. (2) Unless population growth is reduced, the world population may reach 12 billion in a century. Is the earth capable of providing a good life for so large a population?
单选题Passage1 In many of the developing countries in Africaand Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Womenin these countries have a high birth rate - from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care fortheir families. Why do they have so many children? Why don't they limit thesize of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. Thereare several reasons for this. Onereason is economiIn atraditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having morechildren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care ofthe parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children, do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the casein Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the earlypart of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural countrywith a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrializeBy theend of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, theworld's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. SaudiArabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has oneof the highest per capita incomes in the worlNevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate. Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recentlyreduced their population growth. Clearly,other factors are involveThemost important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almostalways goes together with lack of education and low status for women. Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditionalculture gives women little education or independence and few possibilitiesoutside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education andopportunities for women. Anotherkey factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit theirfamilies but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have madebirth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been providedwith health care and help in planning their families. Thesetrends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not haveto depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims tohelp women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any realchance of success. (495 words) In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family_______.Acan be an advantageBmay limit incomeCisn't necessaryDis expensive
单选题Passage1 In many of the developing countries in Africaand Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Womenin these countries have a high birth rate - from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care fortheir families. Why do they have so many children? Why don't they limit thesize of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. Thereare several reasons for this. Onereason is economiIn atraditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having morechildren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care ofthe parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children, do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the casein Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the earlypart of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural countrywith a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrializeBy theend of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, theworld's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. SaudiArabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has oneof the highest per capita incomes in the worlNevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate. Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recentlyreduced their population growth. Clearly,other factors are involveThemost important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almostalways goes together with lack of education and low status for women. Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditionalculture gives women little education or independence and few possibilitiesoutside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education andopportunities for women. Anotherkey factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit theirfamilies but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have madebirth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been providedwith health care and help in planning their families. Thesetrends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not haveto depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims tohelp women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any realchance of success. (495 words) According to this passage, Italy today is an example of an _______.Aagricultural country with a high birth rateBagricultural country with a low birth rateCindustrialized country with a low birth rateDindustrialized country with a high birth rate
单选题Passage1 In many of the developing countries in Africaand Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Womenin these countries have a high birth rate - from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care fortheir families. Why do they have so many children? Why don't they limit thesize of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. Thereare several reasons for this. Onereason is economiIn atraditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having morechildren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care ofthe parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children, do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the casein Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the earlypart of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural countrywith a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrializeBy theend of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, theworld's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. SaudiArabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has oneof the highest per capita incomes in the worlNevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate. Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recentlyreduced their population growth. Clearly,other factors are involveThemost important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almostalways goes together with lack of education and low status for women. Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditionalculture gives women little education or independence and few possibilitiesoutside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education andopportunities for women. Anotherkey factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit theirfamilies but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have madebirth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been providedwith health care and help in planning their families. Thesetrends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not haveto depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims tohelp women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any realchance of success. (495 words) When countries become industrialized, _______.Afamilies often become largerBthe birth rate generally goes downCwomen usually decide not have a familyDthe population generally grows rapidly
单选题Passage1 In many of the developing countries in Africaand Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Womenin these countries have a high birth rate - from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care fortheir families. Why do they have so many children? Why don't they limit thesize of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. Thereare several reasons for this. Onereason is economiIn atraditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having morechildren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care ofthe parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children, do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the casein Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the earlypart of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural countrywith a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrializeBy theend of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, theworld's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. SaudiArabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has oneof the highest per capita incomes in the worlNevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate. Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recentlyreduced their population growth. Clearly,other factors are involveThemost important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almostalways goes together with lack of education and low status for women. Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditionalculture gives women little education or independence and few possibilitiesoutside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education andopportunities for women. Anotherkey factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit theirfamilies but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have madebirth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been providedwith health care and help in planning their families. Thesetrends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not haveto depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims tohelp women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any realchance of success. (495 words) Saudi Arabia is mentioned in the passage because it shows that _______.Athe most important factor influencing birth rate is the economyBfactors other than the economy influence birth rateCwomen who have a high income usually have few childrenDthe birth rate depends on per capita income
问答题Practice 13 (1) Actually, the world’s birth rate is falling. But so is death rate, as medical advances have made it possible for man to live longer than before. Such advances have also reduced baby death rate. (2) Unless population growth is reduced, the world population may reach l2 billion in a century. Is the earth capable of providing a good life for so large a population?
单选题One reason for quick population increase in underdeveloped countries is that ______.Athose countries encourage people to have large familiesBpeople can get government support if they have more kidsCimproved public health standards have reduced death rate greatlyDthose countries have enough resources to support a large population