问答题

以下是近期《时代周刊》中介绍新上任的一位IMF官员对IMF未来如何发挥其职能的个人看法的材料： WhatO’Neill has said repeatedly is that theI MF should stop playing fireman，rushing to help after a country’s finances have burst into flames，and becomea“firemarshal”（消防署署长）instead.This means interfering early，advising countries exactly what is wrong and what reforms are needed，tracking results and then issuing public warning when countries are heading for disaster.”if a country willfully（固执地） follows bad policies that it’s been talked to about，”saysO’Neill，”we can be more relaxed in saying to them：’weare not going to be there when chickens come to roost（习语，指恶行的自作自受）.’” 请根据以上材料，回答下列问题： 你觉得他所说的导致一国出现货币金融危机的“坏政策”主要指的是些什么政策？试根据有关理论，说明“坏政策”是如何使一国经济陷入货币危机的。