问答题Passage 2 A land free from destruction, wealth, natural resources, and labor supply--all these were important 1 in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution. 2 they were not enough. Something 3 was needed to start the industrial process. That "something special", was men-- creative individuals who could invent machines, find new sources of power, and 4 business organizations to reshape the society. The men who created the machines of the Industrial Revolution 5 from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were 6 inventors than scientists. A man who is a pure scientist is primarily interested in doing his research accurately. He is not necessarily working 7 that his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is usually trying to make something 8 has a concrete use. He tries to solve a problem by following the theories of science or by experimenting 9 trial and error. Regardless 10 his method, he is working to obtain a specific result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of many other objectives. Most of the people who developed the machines of the Industrial Revolution were 11 . A 12 were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had little or no training 13 science might have made their inventions, 14 a groundwork had been laid by scientists years 15 .
问答题
Passage 2 A land free from destruction, wealth, natural resources, and labor supply--all these were important 1 in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution. 2 they were not enough. Something 3 was needed to start the industrial process. That "something special", was men-- creative individuals who could invent machines, find new sources of power, and 4 business organizations to reshape the society. The men who created the machines of the Industrial Revolution 5 from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were 6 inventors than scientists. A man who is a pure scientist is primarily interested in doing his research accurately. He is not necessarily working 7 that his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is usually trying to make something 8 has a concrete use. He tries to solve a problem by following the theories of science or by experimenting 9 trial and error. Regardless 10 his method, he is working to obtain a specific result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of many other objectives. Most of the people who developed the machines of the Industrial Revolution were 11 . A 12 were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had little or no training 13 science might have made their inventions, 14 a groundwork had been laid by scientists years 15 .
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Passage TwoThe earliest immigrants to North America found Indians already living there. The Indians numbered about 500,000 at that time. Their society was a primitive society, but they lived peacefully and welcomed the white strangers to the land. However, these early immigrants from Europe didn't want to share the land with the natives. They killed off many of the Indians, seized their land or pushed them off to lands farther away. Today the Indians, not more than halfa million, live in poverty and misery on the land on which they were once masters.The earliest immigrants were the Spanish, who settled in the southern part of what is now the US The next large group were the English, after the English came the French, Dutch, Irish, Germans, and other nationality groups, mostly European.Another early group to arrive were the Negroes. But they were brought in as slaves from Africa. They didn't win freedom till generations later.40. Who were the earliest people living in North America?A. The Spanish.B. The English.C. The Negroes.D. The Indians.
共用题干The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor, Paid for and maintained by“light dues”levied（征 收）on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776.Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies.Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the 1850s featured the same basic New England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by .In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.Since most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences（高处）,enormous towers were not the rule .Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal.Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south,from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy.It was often necessary to build tall towers theremassive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras,North Carolina,which was lit in 1870.190 feet high,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.Not withstanding differences in construction appearance,most lighthouses in America shared several features:a light,living quarters,and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common:a keeper and usually the keeper's family.The keeper's essential task was trimming the lantern wick（灯芯）in order to maintain a steady,bright flame. The earliest keepers came from every walk of life, they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lighthouse Board,and agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper corps gradually became highly professional. It can be inferred from the passage that lighthouses in the Northeast did NOT need high towers because______.A: ships there had high mastsB: coastal waters were safeC: the coast was straight and unobstructedD: the lighthouses were built on high places
The earliest immigrants to North America found Indians already living there．The Indians numbered about 500,000 at that time．Their society was a primitive society,but they lived peacefully and welcomed the white strangers to the land．However,these early immigrants from Europe didn't want to share the land with the natives．They killed off many of the Indians,seized their land or pushed them off to lands farther away．Today the Indians,not more than half a million,live in poverty and misery on the land on which they were once masters.The earliest immigrants were the Spanish,who settled in the southern part of what is now the US．The next large group were the English,after the English came the French,Dutch,Irish,Germans,and other nationality groups,mostly European.Another early group to arrive were the Negroes．But they were brought in as slaves from Africa．They didn't win freedom till generations later.Which is the best title of this passage?A.The Earliest People in North AmericB.The Earliest Immigrants to North AmericC.The People of the United StateD.Europeans were the Earliest People Coming to the North Americ
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共用题干Pedestrians Only1 .The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop in comfort and,more importantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians （行人）,and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorized vehicles.2 .The modem,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.3 .At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as may shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.4 .However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 5Opercent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.5 .With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it wasn't good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances（电器）actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.In the l960s,dirty gases from cars made shopping_______.A:pedestriansB:North AmericaC:customersD:a bad experienceE:Middle Eastern countriesF:furniture sellers
共用题干Pedestrians Only1 .The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop in comfort and,more importantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians （行人）,and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorized vehicles.2 .The modem,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.3 .At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as may shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.4 .However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 5Opercent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.5 .With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it wasn't good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances（电器）actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.The arrival of the traffic-free shopping street made many lose their business______.A:pedestriansB:North AmericaC:customersD:a bad experienceE:Middle Eastern countriesF:furniture sellers
共用题干Pedestrians Only1 .The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop in comfort and,more importantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians （行人）,and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorized vehicles.2 .The modem,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.3 .At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as may shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.4 .However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 5Opercent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.5 .With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it wasn't good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances（电器）actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.Paragraph 4______A:A Need For ChangeB:An Idea from Ancient HistoryC:Popularity of Online ShoppingD:Facing Protest from Shop OwnersE:Increase in Sales and CustomersF:An Experiment that Went Wrong
共用题干Pedestrians Only1 .The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop in comfort and,more importantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians （行人）,and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorized vehicles.2 .The modem,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.3 .At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as may shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.4 .However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 5Opercent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.5 .With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it wasn't good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances（电器）actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.Paragraph 2______A:A Need For ChangeB:An Idea from Ancient HistoryC:Popularity of Online ShoppingD:Facing Protest from Shop OwnersE:Increase in Sales and CustomersF:An Experiment that Went Wrong
共用题干Pedestrians Only1 .The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop in comfort and,more importantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians （行人）,and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorized vehicles.2 .The modem,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.3 .At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as may shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.4 .However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 5Opercent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.5 .With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it wasn't good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances（电器）actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.Paragraph 1______A:A Need For ChangeB:An Idea from Ancient HistoryC:Popularity of Online ShoppingD:Facing Protest from Shop OwnersE:Increase in Sales and CustomersF:An Experiment that Went Wrong
共用题干Pedestrians Only1 .The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop in comfort and,more importantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians （行人）,and was only allowed in at night when shops and markets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorized vehicles.2 .The modem,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the 1960s when both city populations and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.3 .At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as may shopkeepers predicted they would lose customers.4 .However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics.In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 5Opercent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis,the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.5 .With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it wasn't good news for everyone, as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances（电器）actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.Paragraph 3______A:A Need For ChangeB:An Idea from Ancient HistoryC:Popularity of Online ShoppingD:Facing Protest from Shop OwnersE:Increase in Sales and CustomersF:An Experiment that Went Wrong
共用题干Pedestrians Only1 The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop iii comfort and,more im- portantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians（行人）,and was only allowed inl at night when shops and mar- kets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorised vehicles.2 The modern,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the l960s,when both city popula- tions and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved,in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets,and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.3 At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as many shopkeepers predicted they would.lose customers.4 However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics. In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 50 percent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis, the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.5 With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it isn't good news for everyone,as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances,etc.actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.Paragraph 1________A:Facing Protest From Shop OwnersB:An Experoment That Went WrongC:Increase in Sales and CustomersD:Popularity of Online ShoppingE:A Need for ChangeF:An Ides From Ancient Histoy
共用题干Pedestrians Only1 The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop iii comfort and,more im- portantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians（行人）,and was only allowed inl at night when shops and mar- kets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorised vehicles.2 The modern,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the l960s,when both city popula- tions and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved,in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets,and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.3 At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as many shopkeepers predicted they would.lose customers.4 However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics. In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 50 percent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis, the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.5 With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it isn't good news for everyone,as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances,etc.actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.Paragraph 2____________A:Facing Protest From Shop OwnersB:An Experoment That Went WrongC:Increase in Sales and CustomersD:Popularity of Online ShoppingE:A Need for ChangeF:An Ides From Ancient Histoy
共用题干Pedestrians Only1 The concept of traffic-free shopping areas goes back a long time.During the Middle Ages,traffic-free shopping areas were built in Middle Eastern countries to allow people to shop iii comfort and,more im- portantly,safety.As far back as 2,000 years ago,road traffic was banned from central Rome during the day to allow for the free movement of pedestrians（行人）,and was only allowed inl at night when shops and mar- kets had closed for the day.In most other cities,however,pedestrians were forced to share the streets with horses,coaches and,later,with cars and other motorised vehicles.2 The modern,traffic-free shopping street was born in Europe in the l960s,when both city popula- tions and car ownership increased rapidly.Dirty gases from cars and the risks involved,in crossing the road were beginning to make shopping an unpleasant and dangerous experience.Many believed the time was right for experimenting with car-free streets,and shopping areas seemed the best place to start.3 At first,there was resistance from shopkeepers.They believed that such a move would be bad for business.They argued that people would avoid streets if they were unable to get to them in their cars.When the first streets in Europe were closed to traffic,there were even noisy demonstrations,as many shopkeepers predicted they would.lose customers.4 However,research carried out afterwards in several European cities revealed some unexpected statistics. In Munich,Cologne and Hamburg,visitors to shopping areas increased by 50 percent.On Copenhagen's main shopping street,shopkeepers reported sales increases of 25-40 percent.Shopkeepers in Minneapolis, the USA,were so impressed when they learnt this that they even offered to pay for the construction and maintenance costs of their own traffic-free streets.5 With the arrival of the traffic-free shopping street,many shops,especially those selling things like clothes,food and smaller luxury items,prospered.Unfortunately,it isn't good news for everyone,as shops selling furniture and larger electrical appliances,etc.actually saw their sales drop.Many of these were forced to move elsewhere,away from the city centre.Paragraph 3__________A:Facing Protest From Shop OwnersB:An Experoment That Went WrongC:Increase in Sales and CustomersD:Popularity of Online ShoppingE:A Need for ChangeF:An Ides From Ancient Histoy
共用题干第二篇The First Navigational LightsIn the New World,navigational lights were probably lanterns hung at harbor entrances.The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1716 on little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by"light dues"levied on ships,the original beacon was blown up in 1776.By then there were only a dozen of so true lighthouses in the colonies. Little over a century later,there were 700 lighthouses.The first lighthouses erected on the west coast in the 1850's featured the same basic new England design:a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by.In New England and elsewhere,though,lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles.Since most stations in the Northeast were built on rocky eminences,enormous towers were not the rule.Some were made of stone and brick,others of wood or metal. Some stood on pilings or stilts;some were fastened to rock with iron rods.Farther south from Maryland through the Florida Keys,the coast was low and sandy. It was often necessary to build tall towers there一massive structures like the majestic Cape Hatteras,North Carolina lighthouse,which was lit in 1870.At 190 feet,it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country.Notwithstanding differences in appearance and construction,most American lighthouses shared several features:a light,living quarters and sometimes a bell(or,later,a foghorn).They also had something else in common. A keeper and usually,the keeper's family.The keeper' s essential task was trimming the lantern wick in order to maintain a steady,bright flame.The earliest keepers came from every walk of life;they were seamen,farmers,mechanics,rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums.After the administration of lighthouses was taken over in 1 852 by the United states Lighthouse Board,an agency of the Treasury Department,the keeper gradually became highly professional.It may be inferred from the passage that lighthouses in the Northeast did not need high towers because______.A:the coast was straight and unobstructedB:ships there had high mastsC:coastal waters were safeD:the lighthouses were bulb on high Places
In any country, the "standard ofliving" means the average person′s share of the goods and services whichthe country produces. Therefore, a country′s standard of living depends firstand foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. "Wealth" in thissense is not money, but "goods" such as food and clothing, and"services" such as transport and entertainment.The capacity to produce wealth depends uponmany factors, most of which have an effect on one another. To a great extent,wealth depends upon a country′s natural resources, such as coal, gold, andother minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are wellsupplied with coal and minerals, and some are not.Next to natural resources comes the abilityto turn them to use. Some countries are perhaps well off in natural resources,but unable to develop their resources. They suffered for many years from civiland external wars. Peaceful political and stable conditions enable a country todevelop its natural resources effectively, and to produce more wealth thananother country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Anotherimportant factor is the technical efficiency of a country′s people.Industrialized countries that have trained numerous skilled workers andtechnicians produce wealth more than countries whose workers are largelyunskilled.A country′s standard of living does notonly depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its ownborders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade.For instance, Britain′s wealth isfoodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had todepend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplusmanufacture goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products. In thisaspect, a country′s wealth is much influenced by its manufacturing capacity,provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.According to the passage, besides thecapacity of wealth production, ______play an equally important role indetermining a country′s standard of living.A.farm products B.industrial goodsC.foodstuffs D.export and import
问答题Passage 2 A land free from destruction, wealth, natural resources, and labor supply--all these were important 1 in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution. 2 they were not enough. Something 3 was needed to start the industrial process. That "something special", was men-- creative individuals who could invent machines, find new sources of power, and 4 business organizations to reshape the society. The men who created the machines of the Industrial Revolution 5 from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were 6 inventors than scientists. A man who is a pure scientist is primarily interested in doing his research accurately. He is not necessarily working 7 that his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is usually trying to make something 8 has a concrete use. He tries to solve a problem by following the theories of science or by experimenting 9 trial and error. Regardless 10 his method, he is working to obtain a specific result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of many other objectives. Most of the people who developed the machines of the Industrial Revolution were 11 . A 12 were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had little or no training 13 science might have made their inventions, 14 a groundwork had been laid by scientists years 15 .
单选题Which of the following can be concluded from the passage?AThere were no cultural activities on campus before the period of growth mentioned in the passage.BThe opening of the John F. Kennedy Center was unwelcome.CIt was through the influence of universities that many cities tried to revive their cultural institutions in the inner city areas.DGovernment’s aid and private donations to universities were reduced because of their political involvement.
单选题According to the passage, one of the reasons why readers in the 1920s and 130s were attracted by free insurance policies was that ______.Athey were afraid of being unable to workBjobs were more dangerous thenCthey had bigger families to look afterDmoney was given away with the policies
单选题It can be inferred from the passage that the Puritans were _____.AuneducatedBhardworkingCgenerousDwealthy
单选题According to the passage, which of the following is true of the last hundred years?AFossil fuels were burned for the first time.BGreater amounts of land were cleared than at any time before.CThe average temperature at the Earth’s surface has become 2℃ cooler.DThe amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased measurably.