共用题干Changes of Women's RoleThe role of women in Britain has changed a lot in this century,______(51)in the last twenty years.The main change has been______(52)giving women greater equality with men.Up to the beginning of this century,women seem to have had______(53)rights.They could not vote and were kept at home.______(54),as far as we know,most women were happy with this situation. Today,women in Britain certainly______(55)more rights than they used to.They were ______(56)the vote in 1919._________(1919.)In 1970 a law was passed to give them an equal______(57)of wealth in the case of divorce,______(58)the Equal Pay Act gave them the right of equal paywith men for work of equal value in the same year.Yet______(59)these changes,there are still great difference in status between men and women.Many employers seem to______(60)the Equal Pay Act,and the average working women is______(61)to earn only about half that a man earns for the same job.______(62) a survey,at present,only one-third of the country's workers are______(63)women.This small percentage is partly______(64)a shortage of nurseries.If there were______(65)nurseries, twice as many women might well go out to work._________(52)A:towards B:againstC:upon D:through
共用题干
Changes of Women's Role
The role of women in Britain has changed a lot in this century,______(51)in the last twenty years.The main change has been______(52)giving women greater equality with men.Up to the beginning of this century,women seem to have had______(53)rights.They could not vote and were kept at home.______(54),as far as we know,most women were happy with this situation. Today,women in Britain certainly______(55)more rights than they used to.They were ______(56)the vote in 1919._________(1919.)
In 1970 a law was passed to give them an equal______(57)of wealth in the case of divorce,______(58)the Equal Pay Act gave them the right of equal pay
with men for work of equal value in the same year.
Yet______(59)these changes,there are still great difference in status between men and women.Many employers seem to______(60)the Equal Pay Act,and the average working women is______(61)to earn only about half that a man earns for the same job.______(62) a survey,at present,only one-third of the country's workers are______(63)women.This small percentage is partly______(64)a shortage of nurseries.If there were______(65)nurseries, twice as many women might well go out to work.
Changes of Women's Role
The role of women in Britain has changed a lot in this century,______(51)in the last twenty years.The main change has been______(52)giving women greater equality with men.Up to the beginning of this century,women seem to have had______(53)rights.They could not vote and were kept at home.______(54),as far as we know,most women were happy with this situation. Today,women in Britain certainly______(55)more rights than they used to.They were ______(56)the vote in 1919._________(1919.)
In 1970 a law was passed to give them an equal______(57)of wealth in the case of divorce,______(58)the Equal Pay Act gave them the right of equal pay
with men for work of equal value in the same year.
Yet______(59)these changes,there are still great difference in status between men and women.Many employers seem to______(60)the Equal Pay Act,and the average working women is______(61)to earn only about half that a man earns for the same job.______(62) a survey,at present,only one-third of the country's workers are______(63)women.This small percentage is partly______(64)a shortage of nurseries.If there were______(65)nurseries, twice as many women might well go out to work.
_________(52)
A:towards
B:against
C:upon
D:through
A:towards
B:against
C:upon
D:through
参考解析
解析：本句是递进关系，强调本世纪的后20年，所以选B。 certainly意为“必然地”;apparently意为“明显地”;practically意为“实际上”。
towards表示变化的倾向，意为“朝······方向发展”。
上文提到本世纪的主要变化是女性享有更多与男性同样的权利。因此可以推断本世纪初与现在相比，妇女的权利要较少。所以选B。
上一句说“妇女不能投票，被关在家里”，下一句说“据我们所知，大多数妇女很高兴这样”，这显然是转折关系，所以选C。
由上文推断本句的意思应该是“英国妇女当然比过去享有更多的权利”,所以选B。 lack是“缺少”的意思；occupy是“占据”的意思。
give意为“给予”;deprive意为“剥夺”;deny意为“否认，拒绝”;approve意为“批准，通过”。由上文妇女获得权利可以推断本句的意思是“1919年，妇女被给予投票权”。因此选A。
share是“分享，共享”的意思，本句的意思是离婚时，给予妇女同样份额的财产，即夫妻分享财产。所以选D。
上一句说“1970年，法律规定在离婚时给予妇女同样份额的财产”，下一句说“同年的《同酬法案》给予妇女同工同酬的权利”，两项法律都是给予妇女权利，是并列关系，所以用表示并列关系的连词and。
because of意为“因为，由于”;instead of意为“而不是······”;in spite of意为“不管，虽然”;as a result of意为“作为······的结果”。本句的意思是“虽然有这些改变，女性与男性的地位仍然存在巨大差别”，表示让步关系，所以应选C。
由上文可以推断虽然有法律规定，但是女性与男性的地位仍然存在巨大差别，工资的差别就是其中之一，这是由于许多雇主忽视《同酬法案》，所以选C。
sb.be likely to do sth.表示可能性，意为“某人很可能做某事”，本句的意思是“做同样的工作，女性可能平均只赚男性的一半”。
according to sth．意为“根据某事”;apart from/in addition to sth.意为“除了某事”;according to a survey是“根据调查结果”的意思。
by mistake意为“错误地”;by accident意为“偶然”;in turn意为“依次，轮流”;in fact意为“事实上”。比较选项只能选D，本句的意思是：“根据一份调查，事实上，现在全国只有1/3的工人是女性。”
stem from是“来自，源于”的意思，相当于result from，本句的意思是“这么小的比例部分是由于缺乏幼儿园。”A result in B是“A导致B”的意思。
上一句提到妇女不参加工作是由于缺乏幼儿园，所以此句应为如果有足够的幼儿园。
towards表示变化的倾向，意为“朝······方向发展”。
上文提到本世纪的主要变化是女性享有更多与男性同样的权利。因此可以推断本世纪初与现在相比，妇女的权利要较少。所以选B。
上一句说“妇女不能投票，被关在家里”，下一句说“据我们所知，大多数妇女很高兴这样”，这显然是转折关系，所以选C。
由上文推断本句的意思应该是“英国妇女当然比过去享有更多的权利”,所以选B。 lack是“缺少”的意思；occupy是“占据”的意思。
give意为“给予”;deprive意为“剥夺”;deny意为“否认，拒绝”;approve意为“批准，通过”。由上文妇女获得权利可以推断本句的意思是“1919年，妇女被给予投票权”。因此选A。
share是“分享，共享”的意思，本句的意思是离婚时，给予妇女同样份额的财产，即夫妻分享财产。所以选D。
上一句说“1970年，法律规定在离婚时给予妇女同样份额的财产”，下一句说“同年的《同酬法案》给予妇女同工同酬的权利”，两项法律都是给予妇女权利，是并列关系，所以用表示并列关系的连词and。
because of意为“因为，由于”;instead of意为“而不是······”;in spite of意为“不管，虽然”;as a result of意为“作为······的结果”。本句的意思是“虽然有这些改变，女性与男性的地位仍然存在巨大差别”，表示让步关系，所以应选C。
由上文可以推断虽然有法律规定，但是女性与男性的地位仍然存在巨大差别，工资的差别就是其中之一，这是由于许多雇主忽视《同酬法案》，所以选C。
sb.be likely to do sth.表示可能性，意为“某人很可能做某事”，本句的意思是“做同样的工作，女性可能平均只赚男性的一半”。
according to sth．意为“根据某事”;apart from/in addition to sth.意为“除了某事”;according to a survey是“根据调查结果”的意思。
by mistake意为“错误地”;by accident意为“偶然”;in turn意为“依次，轮流”;in fact意为“事实上”。比较选项只能选D，本句的意思是：“根据一份调查，事实上，现在全国只有1/3的工人是女性。”
stem from是“来自，源于”的意思，相当于result from，本句的意思是“这么小的比例部分是由于缺乏幼儿园。”A result in B是“A导致B”的意思。
上一句提到妇女不参加工作是由于缺乏幼儿园，所以此句应为如果有足够的幼儿园。
相关考题：
The role of women in Britain has changed a lot in this century, () in the last twenty years. The main change has been () giving women greater equality with men. Up to the beginning of this century, women seem to have had () rights. They could not vote and were kept at home. () , as far as we know, most women were happy with this situ ation. Today, women in Britain certainly () more rights than they used to. They were () the vote in 1919. In 1970 a law was passed to give them an equal () of wealth in the case of divorce, () the Equal Pay Act gave them the right of equal pay with men for work of equal value in the same year. Yet () these changes, there are still great difference in status between men and women. Many employers seem to () the Equal Pay Act, and the average working women is () to earn only about half that a man earns for the same job. () a survey, at present, only one-third of the country’s workers are () women. This small percentage is partly () a shortage of nurseries. If there were () nurseries, twice as many women might well go out to workA.butB.andC.becauseD.although
请阅读短文，完成此题。It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the livesof the people who operate the new machines and on the society into which the machines have beenintroduced. For example, it has been suggested that the employment of women in industry takethem out of the. household, their traditional sphere and fundamentally alter their position in society.In the nineteenth century, when women began to enter factories, Jules Simon, a French politician,warned that by doing so, women would give up their femininity. Fredrich Engels, however,predicted that women would be liberated from the"social, legal, and economic subordination" ofthe family by technological developments that made possible the recruitment of "the whole femalesex .., into public industry." Observers thus differed concerning the social desirability ofmechanization's effects, but thev agreed that it would trmsiorm women's lives.Historians, particularly thnse investigating the history of women, now seriously question thisassumption of transforming power. They conclude that such dramatic technological innovations asthe spinning jenny, the sewing tnachine, the typewriter, and the vacuum cleaner have not resultedin equally dramatic social changes in women's economic position or in the prevailing evaluation ofwomen's work. The employment of young women in textile mills during the Industrial Revolutionwas largely and extension of an older pattern of employment for young, single women as domestics.It was not the change in office technology, but rather the separation of secretarial work, previouslyseen as an apprenticeship for beginning managers, from administrative work that in the 1880'screated a new class of "dead end" jobs, thenceforth considered "women's work". The increase inthe numbers of married women enployed outside the home in the twentieth century, had less to dowith the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it didwith their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool ofsingle women worke, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire.Women's work has changed considerably in the past 200 years, moving from the household tothe ofiice or the factory, and later becoming mostly white-collar instead of blue-collar work. Fundamentally, however, the conditions under which women work have changed little since the Industrial Revolution: the segregation of occupatious by gender, lower pay for women as a group,jobs that require relatively low levels of skill and offer women little opportunity for advancement all persist, while women's household labour remains demanding. Recent historical investigation has led to a major revision of the notion that lec.hnology is always inherently revolutionary in its effectson society. Mechanization may even have slowed any change in the traditional position of womeu both in the labour market and in the home.The underlined word "innovations" in Para.2 may be replaced by查看材料A．efficiencyB．productivityC．innovationsD．transforming
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请阅读短文，完成此题。It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the livesof the people who operate the new machines and on the society into which the machines have beenintroduced. For example, it has been suggested that the employment of women in industry takethem out of the. household, their traditional sphere and fundamentally alter their position in society.In the nineteenth century, when women began to enter factories, Jules Simon, a French politician,warned that by doing so, women would give up their femininity. Fredrich Engels, however,predicted that women would be liberated from the"social, legal, and economic subordination" ofthe family by technological developments that made possible the recruitment of "the whole femalesex .., into public industry." Observers thus differed concerning the social desirability ofmechanization's effects, but thev agreed that it would trmsiorm women's lives.Historians, particularly thnse investigating the history of women, now seriously question thisassumption of transforming power. They conclude that such dramatic technological innovations asthe spinning jenny, the sewing tnachine, the typewriter, and the vacuum cleaner have not resultedin equally dramatic social changes in women's economic position or in the prevailing evaluation ofwomen's work. The employment of young women in textile mills during the Industrial Revolutionwas largely and extension of an older pattern of employment for young, single women as domestics.It was not the change in office technology, but rather the separation of secretarial work, previouslyseen as an apprenticeship for beginning managers, from administrative work that in the 1880'screated a new class of "dead end" jobs, thenceforth considered "women's work". The increase inthe numbers of married women enployed outside the home in the twentieth century, had less to dowith the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it didwith their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool ofsingle women worke, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire.Women's work has changed considerably in the past 200 years, moving from the household tothe ofiice or the factory, and later becoming mostly white-collar instead of blue-collar work. Fundamentally, however, the conditions under which women work have changed little since the Industrial Revolution: the segregation of occupatious by gender, lower pay for women as a group,jobs that require relatively low levels of skill and offer women little opportunity for advancement all persist, while women's household labour remains demanding. Recent historical investigation has led to a major revision of the notion that lec.hnology is always inherently revolutionary in its effectson society. Mechanization may even have slowed any change in the traditional position of womeu both in the labour market and in the home.Which of the following statement is Not true?查看材料A．Now the phenomenon of choosing employees by gender does no longer exist.B．Women have little opportunity for promotion.C．Women are needed to do much housework.D．Women always get low pay in their occupations.
请阅读短文，完成此题。It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the livesof the people who operate the new machines and on the society into which the machines have beenintroduced. For example, it has been suggested that the employment of women in industry takethem out of the. household, their traditional sphere and fundamentally alter their position in society.In the nineteenth century, when women began to enter factories, Jules Simon, a French politician,warned that by doing so, women would give up their femininity. Fredrich Engels, however,predicted that women would be liberated from the"social, legal, and economic subordination" ofthe family by technological developments that made possible the recruitment of "the whole femalesex .., into public industry." Observers thus differed concerning the social desirability ofmechanization's effects, but thev agreed that it would trmsiorm women's lives.Historians, particularly thnse investigating the history of women, now seriously question thisassumption of transforming power. They conclude that such dramatic technological innovations asthe spinning jenny, the sewing tnachine, the typewriter, and the vacuum cleaner have not resultedin equally dramatic social changes in women's economic position or in the prevailing evaluation ofwomen's work. The employment of young women in textile mills during the Industrial Revolutionwas largely and extension of an older pattern of employment for young, single women as domestics.It was not the change in office technology, but rather the separation of secretarial work, previouslyseen as an apprenticeship for beginning managers, from administrative work that in the 1880'screated a new class of "dead end" jobs, thenceforth considered "women's work". The increase inthe numbers of married women enployed outside the home in the twentieth century, had less to dowith the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it didwith their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool ofsingle women worke, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire.Women's work has changed considerably in the past 200 years, moving from the household tothe ofiice or the factory, and later becoming mostly white-collar instead of blue-collar work. Fundamentally, however, the conditions under which women work have changed little since the Industrial Revolution: the segregation of occupatious by gender, lower pay for women as a group,jobs that require relatively low levels of skill and offer women little opportunity for advancement all persist, while women's household labour remains demanding. Recent historical investigation has led to a major revision of the notion that lec.hnology is always inherently revolutionary in its effectson society. Mechanization may even have slowed any change in the traditional position of womeu both in the labour market and in the home.The best title of the passage may be查看材料A．The Influence of MechanizationB．The Status of Women is ChangingC．Changes of Women's WorkD．Are Women and Men Equal
请阅读短文，完成此题。It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revolutionary effect on the livesof the people who operate the new machines and on the society into which the machines have beenintroduced. For example, it has been suggested that the employment of women in industry takethem out of the. household, their traditional sphere and fundamentally alter their position in society.In the nineteenth century, when women began to enter factories, Jules Simon, a French politician,warned that by doing so, women would give up their femininity. Fredrich Engels, however,predicted that women would be liberated from the"social, legal, and economic subordination" ofthe family by technological developments that made possible the recruitment of "the whole femalesex .., into public industry." Observers thus differed concerning the social desirability ofmechanization's effects, but thev agreed that it would trmsiorm women's lives.Historians, particularly thnse investigating the history of women, now seriously question thisassumption of transforming power. They conclude that such dramatic technological innovations asthe spinning jenny, the sewing tnachine, the typewriter, and the vacuum cleaner have not resultedin equally dramatic social changes in women's economic position or in the prevailing evaluation ofwomen's work. The employment of young women in textile mills during the Industrial Revolutionwas largely and extension of an older pattern of employment for young, single women as domestics.It was not the change in office technology, but rather the separation of secretarial work, previouslyseen as an apprenticeship for beginning managers, from administrative work that in the 1880'screated a new class of "dead end" jobs, thenceforth considered "women's work". The increase inthe numbers of married women enployed outside the home in the twentieth century, had less to dowith the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it didwith their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool ofsingle women worke, previously, in many cases, the only women employers would hire.Women's work has changed considerably in the past 200 years, moving from the household tothe ofiice or the factory, and later becoming mostly white-collar instead of blue-collar work. Fundamentally, however, the conditions under which women work have changed little since the Industrial Revolution: the segregation of occupatious by gender, lower pay for women as a group,jobs that require relatively low levels of skill and offer women little opportunity for advancement all persist, while women's household labour remains demanding. Recent historical investigation has led to a major revision of the notion that lec.hnology is always inherently revolutionary in its effectson society. Mechanization may even have slowed any change in the traditional position of womeu both in the labour market and in the home.What is the main idea of the first paragraph?查看材料A．The mechanization of work has a revolutionary eftct.B．The social mechanization would "aftct women's lives.C．The social status of women has changed.D．Observers have different ideas about the effect of social mechanizatiou.
共用题干第一篇Women have contributed richly to the achievements of science and engineering in the United States.As pointed out by the National Women's History Project,it is unfortunate that many of these accomplishments have been forgotten,ignored,and even hidden as a result of cultural and social norms.In recent years,there have seen great strides in recognizing the contributions of women in all fields of study.The National Women's History Project,founded in 1980,has been one of the organizations to lead the way.It is an educational nonprofit organization whose mission is to recognize and celebrate the diverse and historic achievements of inventive women.Each year,the National Women's History Project selects women to honor them. Sometimes these honorees paved the way as pioneers;other times they built on the knowledge and work of those who came before them. They are women who advanced our medical science,thrilled us with literature,inspired us with their courage and leadership,and moved us with their art.What does the word"stride"refer to?A:Distance. B:Attack.C:Power. D:Improvement.
共用题干第一篇Women have contributed richly to the achievements of science and engineering in the United States.As pointed out by the National Women's History Project,it is unfortunate that many of these accomplishments have been forgotten,ignored,and even hidden as a result of cultural and social norms.In recent years,there have seen great strides in recognizing the contributions of women in all fields of study.The National Women's History Project,founded in 1980,has been one of the organizations to lead the way.It is an educational nonprofit organization whose mission is to recognize and celebrate the diverse and historic achievements of inventive women.Each year,the National Women's History Project selects women to honor them. Sometimes these honorees paved the way as pioneers;other times they built on the knowledge and work of those who came before them. They are women who advanced our medical science,thrilled us with literature,inspired us with their courage and leadership,and moved us with their art.Which of the following about the National Women's History Project is not right?A:It is a nonprofit organization.B:It is to recognize various contributions of creative women.C:It is the first organization to recognize women's contributions in the United States.D:It honors women every year.
共用题干第一篇Women have contributed richly to the achievements of science and engineering in the United States.As pointed out by the National Women's History Project,it is unfortunate that many of these accomplishments have been forgotten,ignored,and even hidden as a result of cultural and social norms.In recent years,there have seen great strides in recognizing the contributions of women in all fields of study.The National Women's History Project,founded in 1980,has been one of the organizations to lead the way.It is an educational nonprofit organization whose mission is to recognize and celebrate the diverse and historic achievements of inventive women.Each year,the National Women's History Project selects women to honor them. Sometimes these honorees paved the way as pioneers;other times they built on the knowledge and work of those who came before them. They are women who advanced our medical science,thrilled us with literature,inspired us with their courage and leadership,and moved us with their art.What does the word"norm"mean?A:Misunderstanding.B:A standard that is generally acceptable.C:Development.D:The state of being normal.
共用题干第一篇Women have contributed richly to the achievements of science and engineering in the United States.As pointed out by the National Women's History Project,it is unfortunate that many of these accomplishments have been forgotten,ignored,and even hidden as a result of cultural and social norms.In recent years,there have seen great strides in recognizing the contributions of women in all fields of study.The National Women's History Project,founded in 1980,has been one of the organizations to lead the way.It is an educational nonprofit organization whose mission is to recognize and celebrate the diverse and historic achievements of inventive women.Each year,the National Women's History Project selects women to honor them. Sometimes these honorees paved the way as pioneers;other times they built on the knowledge and work of those who came before them. They are women who advanced our medical science,thrilled us with literature,inspired us with their courage and leadership,and moved us with their art.Who might become the honorees of the National Women's History Project?A:Female doctors.B:Female social activists.C:Female writers.D:All of the above.
Most people agree that the present role of women has already affected U.S. society.__________,it has affected the traditional role of men.A.Above allB.In allC.At mostD.At last
共用题干Changes of Women's RoleThe role of women in Britain has changed a lot in this century,______(51)in the last twenty years.The main change has been______(52)giving women greater equality with men.Up to the beginning of this century,women seem to have had______(53)rights.They could not vote and were kept at home.______(54),as far as we know,most women were happy with this situation. Today,women in Britain certainly______(55)more rights than they used to.They were ______(56)the vote in 1919._________(1919.)In 1970 a law was passed to give them an equal______(57)of wealth in the case of divorce,______(58)the Equal Pay Act gave them the right of equal paywith men for work of equal value in the same year.Yet______(59)these changes,there are still great difference in status between men and women.Many employers seem to______(60)the Equal Pay Act,and the average working women is______(61)to earn only about half that a man earns for the same job.______(62) a survey,at present,only one-third of the country's workers are______(63)women.This small percentage is partly______(64)a shortage of nurseries.If there were______(65)nurseries, twice as many women might well go out to work._________(51)A:certainly B:especiallyC:apparently D:practically
共用题干Changes of Women's RoleThe role of women in Britain has changed a lot in this century,______(51)in the last twenty years.The main change has been______(52)giving women greater equality with men.Up to the beginning of this century,women seem to have had______(53)rights.They could not vote and were kept at home.______(54),as far as we know,most women were happy with this situation. Today,women in Britain certainly______(55)more rights than they used to.They were ______(56)the vote in 1919._________(1919.)In 1970 a law was passed to give them an equal______(57)of wealth in the case of divorce,______(58)the Equal Pay Act gave them the right of equal paywith men for work of equal value in the same year.Yet______(59)these changes,there are still great difference in status between men and women.Many employers seem to______(60)the Equal Pay Act,and the average working women is______(61)to earn only about half that a man earns for the same job.______(62) a survey,at present,only one-third of the country's workers are______(63)women.This small percentage is partly______(64)a shortage of nurseries.If there were______(65)nurseries, twice as many women might well go out to work._________(65)A:efficient B:advanced C:delicate D:enough
共用题干1.All research to date on body image shows that women are much more critical of their appearance than men and much less likely to admire what they see in the mirror. Up to 8 out of 10 women are dissatisfied with their reflection,and more than half may see a distorted image.2.Men looking in the mirror are more likely to be either pleased with what they see or indifferent. Research shows that men generally have a much more positive body-image than women一if anything,they may tend to over-estimate their attractiveness.Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance.3.Why are women too much more self-critical than men?Because women are judged on their appearance more than men,and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the"ideal"face.And constant exposure to idealized images of female beauty on TV,magazines and billboards makes exceptional good looks seem normal and anything short of perfection seem abnormal and ugly.It has been estimated that young women now see more images of outstandingly beautiful women in one day than our mothers saw throughout their entire adolescence.4.Also,most women are trying to achieve the impossible:standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century.In 1917,the physically perfect woman was about 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighed nearly 10 stone（约140磅）.Even 25 years ago, top models and beauty queens weighed only 8% less than the average woman,now they weigh 23% less.The current media ideal for women is achievable by less than 5% of the female population一and that's just in terms of weight and size.If you want the ideal shape,face,etc, it's probably more like 1%.Paragraph 4_________A:How do men view their appearance?B:How can women make themselves more beautiful?C:Why do men and women view their appearance differently?D:Is it possible for women to meet the standards of perfect beauty?E:How do people judge women and men? F: How do women view their appearance?
共用题干1.All research to date on body image shows that women are much more critical of their appearance than men and much less likely to admire what they see in the mirror. Up to 8 out of 10 women are dissatisfied with their reflection,and more than half may see a distorted image.2.Men looking in the mirror are more likely to be either pleased with what they see or indifferent. Research shows that men generally have a much more positive body-image than women一if anything,they may tend to over-estimate their attractiveness.Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance.3.Why are women too much more self-critical than men?Because women are judged on their appearance more than men,and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the"ideal"face.And constant exposure to idealized images of female beauty on TV,magazines and billboards makes exceptional good looks seem normal and anything short of perfection seem abnormal and ugly.It has been estimated that young women now see more images of outstandingly beautiful women in one day than our mothers saw throughout their entire adolescence.4.Also,most women are trying to achieve the impossible:standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century.In 1917,the physically perfect woman was about 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighed nearly 10 stone（约140磅）.Even 25 years ago, top models and beauty queens weighed only 8% less than the average woman,now they weigh 23% less.The current media ideal for women is achievable by less than 5% of the female population一and that's just in terms of weight and size.If you want the ideal shape,face,etc, it's probably more like 1%.Today the percentage of women who have the ideal shape,face,etc is probably like________.A:literally not see the flaws in their appearance.B:1%C:smile at themselvesD:standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexibleE:progressively more unrealisticF:5%
共用题干Breast Cancer Deaths Record LowThe number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to a record low by dropping under 12,000 a year for the first time since records began.The Cancer Research UK data showed that 11,990 women died in the UK in 2007.The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1 97 1一 the year records began一after which it rose steadily year by year until the late 1980s.Professor Peter Johnson,Cancer Research UK's chief clinician,said,"It's incredibly encouraging to see fewer women dying from breast cancer now than at any time in the last 40 years,despite breast cancer being diagnosed more often.""Research has played a crucial role in this progress,leading to improved treatments and better management for women with the disease."" The introduction of the NHS（国民保健制度）breast screening program has also contributed as the earlier cancer is diagnosed,women are more likely to survive."Breast cancer is now the most common cancer in the UK with 45,500 women every year diagnosed with the disease一a 50% rise in 25 years.The number of deaths peaked in 1989,when 15,625 women died.It then fell by between 200 and 400 deaths each year until 2004.There was a slight rise in 2005 and then two years of falls.Dr. Sarah Cant,policy manager at Breakthrough Breast Cancer,said,"It is great news that fewer women are dying from breast cancer and highlights the impact of improved treatments,breast screening and awareness of the disease.""However,there are still too many women affected and the incidence of the disease is increasing year byyear.,,The rising rate of breast cancer diagnosis has been put down to a variety of factors including obesity （肥胖）and alcohol consumption.The rate of breast cancer diagnosis in the UK has been dropping.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
共用题干1.All research to date on body image shows that women are much more critical of their appearance than men and much less likely to admire what they see in the mirror. Up to 8 out of 10 women are dissatisfied with their reflection,and more than half may see a distorted image.2.Men looking in the mirror are more likely to be either pleased with what they see or indifferent. Research shows that men generally have a much more positive body-image than women一if anything,they may tend to over-estimate their attractiveness.Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance.3.Why are women too much more self-critical than men?Because women are judged on their appearance more than men,and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the"ideal"face.And constant exposure to idealized images of female beauty on TV,magazines and billboards makes exceptional good looks seem normal and anything short of perfection seem abnormal and ugly.It has been estimated that young women now see more images of outstandingly beautiful women in one day than our mothers saw throughout their entire adolescence.4.Also,most women are trying to achieve the impossible:standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century.In 1917,the physically perfect woman was about 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighed nearly 10 stone（约140磅）.Even 25 years ago, top models and beauty queens weighed only 8% less than the average woman,now they weigh 23% less.The current media ideal for women is achievable by less than 5% of the female population一and that's just in terms of weight and size.If you want the ideal shape,face,etc, it's probably more like 1%.Women are more self-critical than men because women are judged on their appearance mor than men,and_____.A:literally not see the flaws in their appearance.B:1%C:smile at themselvesD:standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexibleE:progressively more unrealisticF:5%
共用题干Breast Cancer Deaths Record LowThe number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to a record low by dropping under 12,000 a year for the first time since records began.The Cancer Research UK data showed that 11,990 women died in the UK in 2007.The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1 97 1一 the year records began一after which it rose steadily year by year until the late 1980s.Professor Peter Johnson,Cancer Research UK's chief clinician,said,"It's incredibly encouraging to see fewer women dying from breast cancer now than at any time in the last 40 years,despite breast cancer being diagnosed more often.""Research has played a crucial role in this progress,leading to improved treatments and better management for women with the disease."" The introduction of the NHS（国民保健制度）breast screening program has also contributed as the earlier cancer is diagnosed,women are more likely to survive."Breast cancer is now the most common cancer in the UK with 45,500 women every year diagnosed with the disease一a 50% rise in 25 years.The number of deaths peaked in 1989,when 15,625 women died.It then fell by between 200 and 400 deaths each year until 2004.There was a slight rise in 2005 and then two years of falls.Dr. Sarah Cant,policy manager at Breakthrough Breast Cancer,said,"It is great news that fewer women are dying from breast cancer and highlights the impact of improved treatments,breast screening and awareness of the disease.""However,there are still too many women affected and the incidence of the disease is increasing year byyear.,,The rising rate of breast cancer diagnosis has been put down to a variety of factors including obesity （肥胖）and alcohol consumption.11,990 women died from breast cancer in the UK in 2007.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
共用题干1.All research to date on body image shows that women are much more critical of their appearance than men and much less likely to admire what they see in the mirror. Up to 8 out of 10 women are dissatisfied with their reflection,and more than half may see a distorted image.2.Men looking in the mirror are more likely to be either pleased with what they see or indifferent. Research shows that men generally have a much more positive body-image than women一if anything,they may tend to over-estimate their attractiveness.Some men looking in the mirror may literally not see the flaws in their appearance.3.Why are women too much more self-critical than men?Because women are judged on their appearance more than men,and standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the inflexible.Women are continually bombarded with images of the"ideal"face.And constant exposure to idealized images of female beauty on TV,magazines and billboards makes exceptional good looks seem normal and anything short of perfection seem abnormal and ugly.It has been estimated that young women now see more images of outstandingly beautiful women in one day than our mothers saw throughout their entire adolescence.4.Also,most women are trying to achieve the impossible:standards of female beauty have in fact become progressively more unrealistic during the last century.In 1917,the physically perfect woman was about 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighed nearly 10 stone（约140磅）.Even 25 years ago, top models and beauty queens weighed only 8% less than the average woman,now they weigh 23% less.The current media ideal for women is achievable by less than 5% of the female population一and that's just in terms of weight and size.If you want the ideal shape,face,etc, it's probably more like 1%.During the last century,standards of female beauty have in fact become_______.A:literally not see the flaws in their appearance.B:1%C:smile at themselvesD:standards of female beauty are considerably higher and more inflexibleE:progressively more unrealisticF:5%
共用题干New Changes in American LifeOnce it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labor. Menworked outside the home and earned the income to support their families,while women cooked themeals and took care of the home and the children._______(46)But by the middle of this century,men's and women's roles were becoming less firmly fixed.In the 1950s,economic and social success was the goal of the typical American. But in the1960 s a new force developed called the counterculture._______(47)The counterculture presented men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare,men began to sharechild-raising tasks with their wives. In fact,some young men and women moved to communalhomes or farms where the economic and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by both sexes._______(48)Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Viet-nam。In terms of numbers,the counterculture was not a very large group of people._______(49)Working men of all classes began to change their economic and social patterns.Industrial workers and business executives alike cut down on“overtime”work so that they could spend more leisure time with their families .Some doctors,lawyers,and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice their professions in poorer neighborhoods.In the 1970s,the feminist movement,or women's liberation,produced additional economic and social changes.Women of all ages and at all levels of society were entering the work force in greater numbers._______(50)But some women began to enter traditionally male occupations: police work,banking,dentistry,and construction work.Women were asking for equal work,and equal opportunities for promotion.Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of men and women .Naturally,there are difficulties in adjusting to these transformations._______(49)A: In addition,many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier.B:Most of them still took traditional women's jobs as public school teaching,nursing,and secretarial work.C: These roles were firmly fixed for most people,and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles.D: But its influence spread to many parts of American society.E: The people involved in this movement did not value the middle-class American goals.F: A great many jobs that used to belong to men are now taken by women.
共用题干Careers for WomenIt is only seventy years since British women got the right to vote.Some people think this is the main reason why women are so under-represented in politics,trade unions and big businesses.Others feel it is simply because that they are much too busy doing other things.The old saying"a woman's place is in the home"may seem out of date to most people,but the old,fixed image of a woman as a supporting wife and caring mother is certainly still usual一one only has to watch a few television ads.In 1975 the law did not allow women to be paid less than men doing the same work.Certainly it is usually the case nowadays that women doing the same jobs as men get the same money for doing it. But generally women do not do the same jobs:they do different ones that offer lower salaries.In the United States,there are two million women entering the workforce every year. The new workers include all ages and backgrounds:teenagers,college students,young housewives,and older women who have lost their husbands.Altogether,more than half of the eighty-four million women inthe United States are now employed or seeking employment.Most of them are still holding tightly to the womanly jobs such as nursing,teaching,catering and office work jobs that can be seen as an extension of the mothering role.Although the areas women work in are almost all those of"service",a growing number of pioneers are venturing into other fields. They run business;they manage farms;they become astronauts, carpenters,lawyers,truck or taxi-drivers,coal miners,or politicians.They join the army or the navy.So far no woman has become president of the country;but that might happen,as indeed it has happened in other countries.Apart from looking after people during the day at work,women often have to take care of a family at home too,which may mean they have less energy to compete in the race for professional development. In almost every field,top positions are more likely to be filled by men. While most teachers are women,for example,most head masters are not.School cooks are women,head cooks are men and even cleaners tend to be watched over and directed by male caretakers.Women are naturally less competitive than men in work since they are not as energetic as men.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
共用题干Careers for WomenIt is only seventy years since British women got the right to vote.Some people think this is the main reason why women are so under-represented in politics,trade unions and big businesses.Others feel it is simply because that they are much too busy doing other things.The old saying"a woman's place is in the home"may seem out of date to most people,but the old,fixed image of a woman as a supporting wife and caring mother is certainly still usual一one only has to watch a few television ads.In 1975 the law did not allow women to be paid less than men doing the same work.Certainly it is usually the case nowadays that women doing the same jobs as men get the same money for doing it. But generally women do not do the same jobs:they do different ones that offer lower salaries.In the United States,there are two million women entering the workforce every year. The new workers include all ages and backgrounds:teenagers,college students,young housewives,and older women who have lost their husbands.Altogether,more than half of the eighty-four million women inthe United States are now employed or seeking employment.Most of them are still holding tightly to the womanly jobs such as nursing,teaching,catering and office work jobs that can be seen as an extension of the mothering role.Although the areas women work in are almost all those of"service",a growing number of pioneers are venturing into other fields. They run business;they manage farms;they become astronauts, carpenters,lawyers,truck or taxi-drivers,coal miners,or politicians.They join the army or the navy.So far no woman has become president of the country;but that might happen,as indeed it has happened in other countries.Apart from looking after people during the day at work,women often have to take care of a family at home too,which may mean they have less energy to compete in the race for professional development. In almost every field,top positions are more likely to be filled by men. While most teachers are women,for example,most head masters are not.School cooks are women,head cooks are men and even cleaners tend to be watched over and directed by male caretakers.British women have been granted with the right to vote for quite a long time.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
共用题干Careers for WomenIt is only seventy years since British women got the right to vote.Some people think this is the main reason why women are so under-represented in politics,trade unions and big businesses.Others feel it is simply because that they are much too busy doing other things.The old saying"a woman's place is in the home"may seem out of date to most people,but the old,fixed image of a woman as a supporting wife and caring mother is certainly still usual一one only has to watch a few television ads.In 1975 the law did not allow women to be paid less than men doing the same work.Certainly it is usually the case nowadays that women doing the same jobs as men get the same money for doing it. But generally women do not do the same jobs:they do different ones that offer lower salaries.In the United States,there are two million women entering the workforce every year. The new workers include all ages and backgrounds:teenagers,college students,young housewives,and older women who have lost their husbands.Altogether,more than half of the eighty-four million women inthe United States are now employed or seeking employment.Most of them are still holding tightly to the womanly jobs such as nursing,teaching,catering and office work jobs that can be seen as an extension of the mothering role.Although the areas women work in are almost all those of"service",a growing number of pioneers are venturing into other fields. They run business;they manage farms;they become astronauts, carpenters,lawyers,truck or taxi-drivers,coal miners,or politicians.They join the army or the navy.So far no woman has become president of the country;but that might happen,as indeed it has happened in other countries.Apart from looking after people during the day at work,women often have to take care of a family at home too,which may mean they have less energy to compete in the race for professional development. In almost every field,top positions are more likely to be filled by men. While most teachers are women,for example,most head masters are not.School cooks are women,head cooks are men and even cleaners tend to be watched over and directed by male caretakers.Many women are still playing the role of mother in their work.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
问答题Passage 3 The greatest impact on the family over the last 50 years has been the changing role of the wife. These changes have affected not only her life but also that of her husband and children. (1) The family has changed from an economically defined unit under the authority of the father and having minimal interpersonal emotional ties to a unit with strong emotional ties directed primarily by the mother to her husband and children. One important result was greater emotional and general psychological seclusion of the woman which clearly implied that the female role was culturally a secondary one. In recent decades it has become clear that for a distinct minority of American women the traditional mother role in the seclusion of the home is no longer acceptable. For many the family is of diminishing importance. The development of education for women has been a crucial factor in this change. Today, over 80 percent of all women complete four years of high school as compared to only 35 percent in 1940. This is related to the fact that marriage now occurs a year later for the average woman. The proportion of women aged 20 to 24 who are single increased from 28 percent in 1960 to 40 percent by the mid-1970s. (2) Child bearing is being postponed, so that compared to the 1960s, 10 percent fewer women bear their first Enid in the two years immediately following marriage. Furthermore, more women today remain childless. Work, older age at marriage, and fewer children are the basic changes that have taken place in women’s roles in recent years. The trend among women is toward increased education, and this is linked to other role changes. (3) The higher a woman’s educational attainment, the more likely she is to work, to stay in the labor force longer, and to have more job opportunities available to her. This further suggests that when women are married their work has a great impact on their marriages. For example, since working wives contribute 25 to 40 percent of their total family income, their position as decision-makers in the family is usually strengthened. (4) Waits points out that the social trends towards increased education for women mean not only more work experience but also delayed marriage and decreased fertility. These changes, in turn, point the way toward even greater labor force participation throughout the life cycle. The number of women entering the work force is rapidly increasing. Women outnumber men in the total population by about 7 million. (5) When that is added to the fact that labor force participation of males is slowly declining because of the trend toward earlier retirement, “it may not be too long before one out of every two American workers is a woman.”
多选题Although eighteenth-century English society as a whole did not encourage learning for its own sake in women, it illogically ______ women’s sad lack of education.AdecriedBpostulatedCcriticizedDtoleratedEvauntedFlegitimized
问答题Passage 1Why Some Women Cross the Finish Line Ahead of Men? A Women who apply for jobs in middle or senior management have a higher success rate than men, according to an employment survey. But of course far fewer of them apply for these positions. The study, by recruitment consultants NB Selection, shows that while one in six men who appear on interview shortlists get jobs, the figure rises to one in four for women. B The study concentrated on applications for management positions in the $45,000 to $110,000 salary range and found that women are more successful than men in both the private and public sectors. Dr Elisabeth Marx from London based NB Selection described the findings as encouraging for women, in that they send a positive message to them to apply for interesting management positions. But she added, “We should not lose sight of the fact that significantly fewer women apply for senior positions in comparison with men.” C Reasons for higher success rates among women are difficult to isolate. One explanation suggested is that if a woman candidate manages to get on a shortlist, then she has probably already proved herself to be an exceptional candidate. Dr Marx said that when women apply for positions they tend to be better qualified than their male counterparts but are more selective and conservative in their job search. Women tend to research thoroughly before applying for positions or attending interviews. Men, on the other hand, seem to rely on their ability to sell themselves and to convince employers that any shortcomings they have will not prevent them from doing a good job. D Managerial and executive progress made by women is confirmed by the annual survey of boards of directors carried out by Korn/Ferry/Carre/Orban International. This year the survey shows a doubling of the number of women serving as nonexecutive directors compared with the previous year. However, progress remains painfully slow and there were still only 18 posts filled by women out of a total of 354 nonexecutive positions surveyed. Hilary Sears, a partner with Korn/Ferry, said, women have raised the level of grades we are employed in but we have still not broken through barriers to the top. E In Europe a recent feature of corporate life in the recession has been the delayering of management structures. Sears said that this has halted progress for women in as much as delayering has taken place either where women are working or in layers they aspire to. Sears also noted a positive trend from the recession, which has been the growing number of women who have started up on their own. F In business as a whole, there are a number of factors encouraging the prospect of greater equality in the workforce. Demographic trends suggest that the number of women going into employment is steadily increasing. In addition a far greater number of women are now passing through higher education, making them better qualified to move into management positions. G Organisations such as the European Women’s Management Development Network provide a range of opportunities for women to enhance their skills and contacts. Through a series of both pan European and national workshops and conferences the barriers to women in employment are being broken down. However, Ariane Berthoin Antal, director of the International Institute for Organizational Change of Archamps in France, said that there is only anecdotal evidence of changes in recruitment patterns. And she said, “It’s still so hard for women to even get on to shortlists, there are so many hurdles and barriers.” Antal agreed that there have been some positive signs but said “Until there is a belief among employers, until they value the difference, nothing will change.” Answer the questions below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet. 1. What change has there been in the number of women in top management positions detailed in the annual survey? 2. What aspect of company structuring has disadvantaged women? 3. What information tells us that more women are working nowadays? 4. Which group of people should change their attitude to recruitment?
问答题Passage 1 Modern woman may be better educated, have a better job and earn more money than her grandmother ever dream of, but in one way he life remains the same—eight out of ten women still do the household chores. Only 1 per cent of men say they do the washing and ironing or decide what to have for dinner. The only area where average man is more likely to help out is with small repairs around the house. The report Social Focus on Women and Men, by the Office for National Statistics, found that attitudes to women working have changed drastically over the past decade. Whereas in 1987 more than half of men and 40 per cent of women agreed with the statement, “A husband’s job is to earn the money, a wife’s job is to look after the home and family”, that view had halved among both sexes by 1994. The numbers agreeing strongly with the statement, “A job is all right but what most women really want is a home and children”, had also halved from 15 pre cent to 7 per cent of men feeling that way and 12 per cent to5 per cent of women. Women’s increased participation in the world of work has been one of the most striking features of recent decades. Nearly half of all women aged 55 to 59 have no qualifications. But their granddaughters are outperforming their male peers across the board, and from 1989overtook boys at A-levels. Gender stereotypes persist at this level of education, however, with more than three-fifths of English entrants being female, wile a similar proportion of maths entrants are male. A greater number of boys take physics and chemistry whereas girls predominate in social sciences and history. The explosion in higher education means there was a 66 per cent increase in number of female undergraduates and a 50 per cent increase in the number of male undergraduates between 1990-91 and 1995-96. Women are also making breakthroughs in specific are4as of employment. Women now form a slight majority among new solicitors although they make up only one-third of all solicitors. Since 1984 the number of women in work has risen by 20 per cent to 10.5 million. But when it comes to pay, they still lag behind their male peers. Women earn on average 80 per of what men do per hour. They are also far more likely to work part-time or with temporary contracts. Part of the reason for this is because women still take the main role in childcare, although they are more likely to work than in the past. The number of mothers with children under five doubled between 1973 and 1996. And the number of women who return to work within nine to eleven months of the birth increased dramatically. In 1974, only 24 per cent of women returned in this period compared with 67 per cent in 1996. The relationship between the sexes has also seen changes. Seven in ten first marriages are now preceded by cohabitation compared with only one in twenty first marriages in the mid-1960s. Since 1992 women in their early thirties have been more likely to give birth than those in their early twenties, although the fertility rate is still highest among those aged 25 to 29. 1. What is the theme of the passage? 2. What are gender stereotypes? List the gender stereotypes at the level of higher education discussed in the passage. 3. What are the major changes concerning the status of women in Britain?