A. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way. B. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn’t panic. C. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime. D. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams. E. Men and women are dreamed about different things. F. For example, the people in men’s dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting.
A. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.
B. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn’t panic.
C. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.
D. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams.
E. Men and women are dreamed about different things.
F. For example, the people in men’s dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting.
B. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn’t panic.
C. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.
D. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams.
E. Men and women are dreamed about different things.
F. For example, the people in men’s dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting.
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A dream is one kind of experience.It seems as real as something that actually happens; in it the dreamer takes actions and reacts.During dreams the body is asleep but the thinking part of the brain is wide awake.In fact, it is more active than it sometimes is when the body is awake.One group of researchers decided to see what would happen if they stopped people from dreaming.As soon as the electroencephalograph (脑电图仪) registered a dream pattern, researchers woke the dreamer.They did this all night for several nights, every time the person started to dream.The experiment revealed that people who were unable to dream became nervous, easily upset, and hungrier.As soon as they were able to sleep without interruptions they lost their nervousness and became normal again; however, they then had more dreams than usual.It was as if they were catching up on their dreams.To check these findings, the researchers carried on a control experiment.Again they woke people during the night, but during non-dreaming periods.These people did not change their daytime behavior.And when they were allowed to sleep without interruptions (打断), the number of their dreams did not increase.Experiments like these have caused scientists to ask if dreams serve a purpose.Researchers know, for example, that some people who go for days without sleep will suffer from hallucinations (幻觉).Certain people even begin to show signs of mental illness.Some researchers believe that people become this way because they cannot have their usual numbers of dreams.According to this theory dreaming helps people to lead normal lives.1).This passage is mainly about ________.A.people’s need for dreamsB.the damage dreams do to people’s healthC.dreams and realitiesD.the relationship between dreams and diseases2).According to the passage, dreams ________ .A.are considered to be people’s real experiencesB.help cure people of nervousness and mental illnessC.happen in the thinking part of the brainD.cannot go on as before after the dreamer is woken3).People who slept with interrupted dreams showed signs of the following sufferings EXCEPT________ .A.nervousnessB.anxietyC.hungerD.sleepiness4).When people were woken during non-dreaming periods, they ________.A.suffered from hallucinationsB.felt upset and nervousC.had more dreams than usualD.remained normal in their daytime behavior5).The sentence “It was as if they were catching up on their dreams” in Para.3 probably means ________.A.they seemed to do as their dreams dad told them toB.they seemed to make up for the losses of dreamsC.they seemed to dream less because of the interruptionsD.they seemed to sleep more after the interruptions
The concept discussed in the passage is actually the ______.A. traditional beliefs among people living in different areasB. results of certain study on people living in different climate zonesC. belief that has no longer accepted by most of peopleD. study done by Ellsworth Huntington alone
From the second paragraph, we can see that in the early years,______.A. those colleges and universities were the sameB. people, young or old, might study in the collegesC. students studied only some languages and scienceD. when the students finished their school, they became lawyers or teachers
may be defined as the scientific study of language.A、MorphologyB、LinguisticsC、PhonologyD、Phonetics
Leadership has become a formal study only at the turn of the __________ century. A、18thB、19thC、20thD、21st
Instead of trying to imitate reality in their works, many artists of the early twentieth century _____ their feelings and ideas in abstract art.A:in the beginning to revealB:began to revealC:revealed the beginningD:to begin revealing
【T1】A.HANDLEB.ONC.CONTINUED TO A.THE TREND WAS NATURALLY MOST OBVIOUS IN THOSE AREAS OF SCIENCE BASED ESPECIALLY【T1】______A MATHEMATICAL OR LABORATORY TRAININGB.AMATEURS, ON THE OTHER HAND, HAVE【T2】______PURSUE LOCAL STUDIESC.ONE MAN COULD CONTINUE TO【T3】______THE INFORMATION SPECIALIZATION CAN BE SEEN AS A RESPONSE TO THE PROBLEM OF AN INCREASING ACCUMULATION OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE.BY SPLITTING UP THE SUBJECT MATTER INTO SMALLER UNITS,【T4】_____AND USE IT AS THE BASIS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH.BUT SPECIALIZATION WAS ONLY ONEOF A SERIES OF RELATED DEVELOPMENTS IN SCIENCE AFFECTING THE PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION.ANOTHER WAS THE GROWING PROFESSIONALISATION OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY. NO CLEAR-CUT DISTINCTION CAN BE DRAWN BETWEEN PROFESSIONALS AND AMATEURS IN SCIENCE:EXCEPTIONS CAN BE FOUND TO ANY RULE.NEVERTHELESS, THE WORD "AMATEUR" DOES CARRY A CONNOTATION THAT THE PERSON CONCERNED IS NOT FULLY INTEGRATED INTO THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY AND, IN PARTICULAR, MAY NOT FULLY SHARE ITS VALUES.THE GROWTH OF SPECIALIZATION IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY, WITH ITS CONSEQUENT REQUIREMENT OF A LONGER, MORE COMPLEX TRAINING, IMPLIED GREATER PROBLEMS FOR AMATEUR PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE.【T5】______, AND CAN BE ILLUSTRATED IN TERMS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF GEOLOGY IN THE UNITED KINGDOM. A COMPARISON OF BRITISH GEOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS OVER THE LAST CENTURY AND A HALF REVEALS NOT SIMPLY AN INCREASING EMPHASIS ON THE PRIMACY OF RESEARCH, BUT ALSO A CHANGING DEFINITION OF WHAT CONSTITUTES AN ACCEPTABLE RESEARCH PAPER.THUS, IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY, LOCAL GEOLOGICAL STUDIES REPRESENTED WORTHWHILE RESEARCH IN THEIR OWN RIGHT; BUT, IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY,LOCAL STUDIES HAVE INCREASINGLY BECOME ACCEPTABLE TO PROFESSIONALS ONLY IFTHEY INCORPORATE, AND REFLECT ON, THE WIDER GEOLOGICAL PICTURE.【T6】______ IN THEOLD WAY.THE OVERALL RESULT HAS BEEN TO MAKE ENTRANCE TO PROFESSIONAL GEOLOGICAL JOURNALS HARDER FOR AMATEURS, A RESULT THAT HAS BEEN REINFORCED BY THE WIDESPREAD INTRODUCTION OF REFEREEING, FIRST BY NATIONAL JOURNALS IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY AND THEN BY SEVERAL LOCAL GEOLOGICAL JOURNALS IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY.AS A LOGICAL CONSEQUENCE OF THIS DEVELOPMENT, SEPARATE JOURNALS HAVE NOW APPEARED AIMED MAINLY TOWARDS EITHER PROFESSIONAL OR AMATEUR READERSHIP.A RATHER SIMILAR PROCESS OF DIFFERENTIATION HAS LED TO PROFESSIONAL GEOLOGISTS COMING TOGETHER NATIONALLY WITHIN ONE OR TWO SPECIFIC SOCIETIES, WHEREAS THE AMATEURS HAVE TENDED EITHER TO REMAIN IN LOCAL SOCIETIES OR TO COME TOGETHER NATIONALLY IN A DIFFERENT WAY.
6． In the world a great number of people ________to study Chinese．A． startsB． has startedC． startD． was started
_____ A.For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. B.Men and women dream about different things. C.A criminal, for example, might dream about crime. D.However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn't panic. E.It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way. F.He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams.
What Is a Dream? For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others, however, think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person's mind and emotions. Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. _____(46) The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person's wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life. The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud's. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer._____(47)For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves. Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person's daily life, thoughts, and behavior. _____(48) Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop. He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. _____(49)This is not true of women's dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones. Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways._____(50)The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It's important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.文章(46~50)_____ A.For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. B.Men and women dream about different things. C.A criminal, for example, might dream about crime. D.However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn't panic. E.It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way. F.He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams.
Albert Einstein, the author of the Theory of Relativity, made a () contribution to physics in the twentieth century. .A.separatedB.separateC.significantD.severe
共用题干When We Are AsleepEveryone dreams,but some people never recall their dreams,or do so very rarely. Other people always wake up with vivid recollections（记忆）of their dreams, though they forget them very quickly.In an average night of eight hours' sleep,an average adult will dream for around one hundred minutes,probably having three to five dreams,each lasting from ten to thirty minutes.Scientists can detect when someone is having a dream by using an instrument which measures the electrical waves in the brain.During dreaming,these waves move more quickly.Breathing and pulse rate also increase,and there are rapid eye movements under the lids，just as though the dreamer were really looking at moving objects.These signs of dreaming have been detected in all mammals（哺乳动物）studied, including dogs, monkeys, cats, and elephants, and also some birds and reptiles（爬行动物）.This period of sleep is called the"D"state.Babies experience the"D"state for around 50%of their sleep;the period reduces to around 25%by the age of 10.Dreams take the form of stories,but they may be strange and with incidents not connected,which make little sense.Dreams are seldom without people in them and they are usually about people we know.One estimate says that two-thirds of the"cast"of our dream dramas are friends and relations.Vision seems an essential part of dreams,except for people blind from birth.Sound and touch are senses also often aroused,but smell and taste are not frequently involved.In"normal"dreams,the dreamer may be taking part,or be only an observer. But he or she cannot control what happens in the dream.However,the dreamer does have control over one type of dream.This type of dream is called a "lucid"（清醒的）dream. Not everyone is a lucid dreamer. Some people are occasional lucid dreamers.Others can dream lucidly more or less all the time.In a lucid dream,the dreamer knows that he is dreaming.Most dreams involve the people we played with when we were young.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
共用题干When We Are AsleepEveryone dreams,but some people never recall their dreams,or do so very rarely. Other people always wake up with vivid recollections（记忆）of their dreams, though they forget them very quickly.In an average night of eight hours' sleep,an average adult will dream for around one hundred minutes,probably having three to five dreams,each lasting from ten to thirty minutes.Scientists can detect when someone is having a dream by using an instrument which measures the electrical waves in the brain.During dreaming,these waves move more quickly.Breathing and pulse rate also increase,and there are rapid eye movements under the lids，just as though the dreamer were really looking at moving objects.These signs of dreaming have been detected in all mammals（哺乳动物）studied, including dogs, monkeys, cats, and elephants, and also some birds and reptiles（爬行动物）.This period of sleep is called the"D"state.Babies experience the"D"state for around 50%of their sleep;the period reduces to around 25%by the age of 10.Dreams take the form of stories,but they may be strange and with incidents not connected,which make little sense.Dreams are seldom without people in them and they are usually about people we know.One estimate says that two-thirds of the"cast"of our dream dramas are friends and relations.Vision seems an essential part of dreams,except for people blind from birth.Sound and touch are senses also often aroused,but smell and taste are not frequently involved.In"normal"dreams,the dreamer may be taking part,or be only an observer. But he or she cannot control what happens in the dream.However,the dreamer does have control over one type of dream.This type of dream is called a "lucid"（清醒的）dream. Not everyone is a lucid dreamer. Some people are occasional lucid dreamers.Others can dream lucidly more or less all the time.In a lucid dream,the dreamer knows that he is dreaming.We rarely smell things in dreams.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
资料：Dream is a story that a person watches or even takes part in during sleep. Dream events are imaginary, but they are related to real experiences and needs in the dreamer's life. They seem real while they are takingplace. Some dreams are pleasant, others are annoying, and still others are frightening. Everyone dreams, but some persons never recall dreaming. Others remember only a little about a dream they had just before awakening and nothing about earlier dreams. No one recalls all his dreams.Dreams involve little logical thought. In most dreams, the dreamer cannot control what happens to him. The story may be confusing, and things happen that would not happen in real life. People see in most dreams, but they may also hear, smell, touch, and taste in their dreams. Most dreams occur in color. But persons who have been blind since birth do not see at all in dreams.Dreams are a product of the sleeper's mind. They include events and feelings that he has experienced. Most dreams are related to events of the day before the dream and strong wishes of the dreamer. Many minor incidents of the hours before sleep appear in dreams. Deep wishes or fears-especially those held since childhood-often appear in dream. and many dreams fulfil such wishes. Events in the sleeper's surrounding-a loud noise, for example, may become part of a dream, but they do not cause dreams. Some dreams involve deep feeling that a person may realize he has. Psychiatrists often use material from a patient’s dreams to help the person understand himself better. Dreaming may help maintain good learning ability, memory, and emotional adjustment. People who get plenty of sleep-but are awakened each time they begin to dream-become anxious and restless.According to the passage, dreams result from ______.A.the sleeper’s own mindB.the sleeper’s feelingC.the sleeper’s imaginationD.the sleeper’s wishes
资料：Dream is a story that a person watches or even takes part in during sleep. Dream events are imaginary, but they are related to real experiences and needs in the dreamer's life. They seem real while they are takingplace. Some dreams are pleasant, others are annoying, and still others are frightening. Everyone dreams, but some persons never recall dreaming. Others remember only a little about a dream they had just before awakening and nothing about earlier dreams. No one recalls all his dreams.Dreams involve little logical thought. In most dreams, the dreamer cannot control what happens to him. The story may be confusing, and things happen that would not happen in real life. People see in most dreams, but they may also hear, smell, touch, and taste in their dreams. Most dreams occur in color. But persons who have been blind since birth do not see at all in dreams.Dreams are a product of the sleeper's mind. They include events and feelings that he has experienced. Most dreams are related to events of the day before the dream and strong wishes of the dreamer. Many minor incidents of the hours before sleep appear in dreams. Deep wishes or fears-especially those held since childhood-often appear in dream. and many dreams fulfil such wishes. Events in the sleeper's surrounding-a loud noise, for example, may become part of a dream, but they do not cause dreams. Some dreams involve deep feeling that a person may realize he has. Psychiatrists often use material from a patient’s dreams to help the person understand himself better. Dreaming may help maintain good learning ability, memory, and emotional adjustment. People who get plenty of sleep-but are awakened each time they begin to dream-become anxious and restless.We may infer from the passage that dreaming ______.A.deprives people of a good sleepB.makes people always restlessC.disturbs people’s lifeD.is beneficial to people
What Is a Dream? For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others，however， think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person’s mind and emotions. Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. (46)____ The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud1，was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person’s wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life. The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung2 was once a student of Freud’s. Jung，however，had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. (47)___For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves. Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz，believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person’s daily life, thoughts, and behavior. (48)____. Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop. He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. (49)___This is not true of women’s dreams.3 Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones. Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. (50)____The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It’s important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.文章(41~45) A. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way. B. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn’t panic. C. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime. D. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams. E. Men and women are dreamed about different things. F. For example, the people in men’s dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting.
Directions: Some people think that alluniversity students should study whatever they like. Others believe that theyshould only be allowed to study subjects that will be useful in the future, suchas those related to science and technology. What′s your view about what subjectuniversity students should study? You are required to write a compositionwithin 180 words, but no less than 150 words.
Directions: Some people think that all university students should study whatever they like. Others believe that they should only be allowed to study subjects that will be useful in the future, such as those related to science and technology. What′s your view about what subject university students should study? You are required to write a composition within 180 words, but no less than 150 words.
What Is a Dream?【什么是梦】阅读判断改编为补全短文 For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others, however, think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person's mind and emotions. Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God.(46)___ The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud', was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900) ,Freud wrote that dreams are an expressions of a person's wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life. The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung2 was once a student of Freud's. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. (47)___ For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves. Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person's daily life, thoughts, and behavior. (48)___ Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop. He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. (49)___This is not true of women's dreams.-3 Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones. Can dreams help us understand ourselves Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. (50)___The dream' may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It's important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.文章(46~50)A. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.B. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams.C. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn't panic.D. For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting.E. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.F. Men and women dream about different things.
单选题During the first half of the twentieth century, the average American household was _____ by the introduction of a group of machines that profoundly altered the daily lives of housewives.AtransformedBtransferredCtransmittedDtransported
单选题Futurism, _____ early twentieth-century movement in art, rejected all traditions and attempted to glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the machine and motion.AanBbeingCthat it was anDthat being
单选题When did the modern concept of “literature” emerge?AIn the seventeenth century.BIn the eighteenth century.CIn the nineteenth century.DIn the twentieth century.
单选题Futurism, ______ early twentieth-century movement in art, rejected all traditions and attempted to glorify contemporary life by emphasizing the machine and motion.Aan BbeingCthat it was an Dthat being
判断题Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.A对B错