单选题Charging-air pressure increases if there is incorrect combustion and drop in the （） of the diesel engine.Amachine efficiencyBmachinery efficiencyCmechanical efficiencyDmechanics efficiency
单选题
Charging-air pressure increases if there is incorrect combustion and drop in the （） of the diesel engine.
A
machine efficiency
B
machinery efficiency
C
mechanical efficiency
D
mechanics efficiency
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Forces other than damaging winds are also at work inside tornadoes (龙卷风) . Sometimes,as the wind passes a house, the walls and ceiling burst apart as if a bomb had gone off inside. This explosion is caused by the low air pressure at the center of a tornado.The pressure at the center of a tornado is usually 13 pounds per square inch. However,inside the house the air pressure is normal, about 15 pounds per square inch.The difference of 2 pounds per square inch between the inside and outside pressure may not seem like much. But suppose a tornado passes over a small building that measures 20 by 10 by feet. On each square inch of the building, there is 2 pounds of pressure from the insidethat is not balanced by air pressure outside the building. On the ceiling, that adds up to an unbalanced pressure of 57600 pounds. The pressure of the four walls adds up to 172800 pounds.If windows are open in the building, some of the inside air will rush out through them.This will balance the pressure inside and outside the building.But if the windows are shut tightly, the huge inside pressure may cause the building to burst.Unfortunately, heavy rain often occurs in the storms that later produce tornadoes,so people often shut their windows. This may cause far worse damage later.21、 What did the paragraph before this passage most probably discuss?A、 Measuring rainfall from a stormB、 The kinds of damage caused by explosionsC、 The powerful winds of tornadoes22、 Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?A、 How tornadoes can be preventedB、 When tornadoes usually occurC、 Why tornadoes cause so much damage23、 Tornadoes can destroy buildings because the()A、 force of a tornado increases the air pressure in a buildingB、 air pressure inside a tornado is less than the air pressure inside a buildingC、 air pressure at the center of a tornado is over 172000 pounds24、 What is the difference per square inch between the air pressure inside a building and the air pressure inside a tornado?A、 2 poundsB、 13 poundsC、 15 pounds25、 What would happen if the windows are shut tightly in the stormy weather?A、 Tornadoes may be formedB、 The house may be apartC、 There may not be any pressure inside the building
Text 3Under certain circumstances, the human body must cope with gases at greater-than-normal atmospheric pressure. For example, gas pressures increase rapidly during a dive made with scuba gear because the breathing equipment allows divers to stay underwater longer and dive deeper.The pressure exerted on the human body increases by 1 atmosphere for every 10 meters of depth in seawater, so that at 30 meters in seawater a diver is exposed to a pressure of about 4 atmospheres. The pressure of the gases being breathed must equal the external pressure applied to the body, otherwise breathing is very difficult. Therefore all of the gases in the air breathed by a scuba diver at 40 meters are present at five times their usual pressure. Nitrogen, which composes 80 per cent of the air we breathe, usually causes a balmy feeling of well-being at this pressure. At a depth of 5 atmospheres, nitrogen causes symptoms resembling alcohol intoxication, known as nitrogen narcosis. Nitrogen narcosis apparently results from a direct effect on the brain of the large amounts of nitrogen cause under these pressurized helium does not exert a similar narcotic effect.As a scuba diver descends, the pressure of nitrogen in the lungs increases. Nitrogen then diffuses from the lungs to the blood, and from the blood to body tissues. The reverse occurs when the diver surfaces; the nitrogen pressure in the lungs falls and the nitrogen diffuses from the tissues into the blood, and from the blood into the lungs. If the return to the surface is too rapid, nitrogen in the tissues and blood cannot diffuse out rapidly enough and nitrogen bubbles are formed. They can cause severe pains, particularly around the joints.Another complication may result if the breath is held during ascent. During ascent from a depth of 10 meters, the volume of air in the lungs will double because the air pressure at the surface is only half of what it was at 10 meters. This change in volume may cause the lungs to distend and even rupture. This condition is called air embolism. To avoid this event, a diver must ascend slowly, never at a rate exceeding the rise of the exhaled air bubbles, and must exhale during as- cent.31. What does the passage mainly discuss?A) The equipment divers use.B) The effects of pressure on gases in the human body.C) How to prepare for a deep dive.D) The symptoms of nitrogen bubbles in the bloodstream.
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