共用题干Urbanization and Its InfluenceOver half the world's people now live in cities.The latest"Global Report on Human Settlements"says a significant change took place last year. The report_______(51)this week from U.N.Habitat,a United Nations agency.A century ago,_______(52)than five percent of all people lived in cities._______(53)the middle of this century it could be seventy percent,or_______(54)six and a half billion people.Already three-fourths of people in_______(55)countries live in cities.Now most urban population_______(56)is in the developing world.Urbanization can lead to social and economic progress,but also put_______(57)on cities to provide housing and_______(58).The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move _______(59)cities and towns each day.It says worsening inequalities,_______(60)by social divisions and differences in_______(61),could result in violence and crime unless cities plan better.Another issue is urban sprawl（无序扩展的城区）.This is where cities_______(62) quickly into rural areas,sometimes_______(63)a much faster rate than urban population growth.Sprawl is common in the United States.Americans move a lot. In a recent study,Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the_______(64)cities to smaller ones.He sees a_______(65)toward"de-urbanization"across the nation._________(59)A:onto B:aroundC:into D:upon
共用题干
Urbanization and Its Influence
Over half the world's people now live in cities.The latest"Global Report on Human Settlements"says a significant change took place last year. The report_______(51)this week from U.N.Habitat,a United Nations agency.
A century ago,_______(52)than five percent of all people lived in cities._______(53)the middle of this century it could be seventy percent,or_______(54)six and a half billion people.
Already three-fourths of people in_______(55)countries live in cities.Now most urban population_______(56)is in the developing world.
Urbanization can lead to social and economic progress,but also put_______(57)on cities to provide housing and_______(58).The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move _______(59)cities and towns each day.It says worsening inequalities,_______(60)by social divisions and differences in_______(61),could result in violence and crime unless cities plan better.
Another issue is urban sprawl（无序扩展的城区）.This is where cities_______(62) quickly into rural areas,sometimes_______(63)a much faster rate than urban population growth.
Sprawl is common in the United States.Americans move a lot. In a recent study,Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the_______(64)cities to smaller ones.He sees a_______(65)toward"de-urbanization"across the nation.
Urbanization and Its Influence
Over half the world's people now live in cities.The latest"Global Report on Human Settlements"says a significant change took place last year. The report_______(51)this week from U.N.Habitat,a United Nations agency.
A century ago,_______(52)than five percent of all people lived in cities._______(53)the middle of this century it could be seventy percent,or_______(54)six and a half billion people.
Already three-fourths of people in_______(55)countries live in cities.Now most urban population_______(56)is in the developing world.
Urbanization can lead to social and economic progress,but also put_______(57)on cities to provide housing and_______(58).The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move _______(59)cities and towns each day.It says worsening inequalities,_______(60)by social divisions and differences in_______(61),could result in violence and crime unless cities plan better.
Another issue is urban sprawl（无序扩展的城区）.This is where cities_______(62) quickly into rural areas,sometimes_______(63)a much faster rate than urban population growth.
Sprawl is common in the United States.Americans move a lot. In a recent study,Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the_______(64)cities to smaller ones.He sees a_______(65)toward"de-urbanization"across the nation.
_________(59)
A:onto
B:around
C:into
D:upon
A:onto
B:around
C:into
D:upon
参考解析
解析：come out：出版、发表；come on：开始、接着来；come over：过来、顺便来访： come off：结果、脱落。根据句子意思，应该是发表报告，所以选D。
一个世纪前，城市人口应该是非常少，所以选less，即少于5% 。
along:沿着；through：通过、穿过。表示时间的节点用by , by the middle of this century，在本世纪中叶。
barely：几乎不、几乎没有。表示大约的人口数，用almost，意思是“差不多”。
前面应该是和后面的比较，后面用developing world，所以此处填developed。 flourishing:繁荣的、茂盛的；thriving：旺盛的、蒸蒸日上的；fertile：肥沃的、富饶的、多产的。
从上下文判断，这儿指城市人口的增加。extension：扩展；raise：上升、增加，它不和population搭配使用。addition：添加、增加，不可用来修饰人口。所以选growth。
put pressure on是固定搭配，表示“给压力”; restraint：约束、抑制；load:矛载、负荷；weight：重量。
此处指提供住所和服务，即services。 surroundings：环境、生活环境；concerns：关注、关心；communities：社区、团体。
move into是正确的搭配。around：围绕、环绕。
贫富差异会使社会产生进一步的不公平，所以用driven，和后面的by构成被动语态。
此处指社会财富分配的不均，social wealth意思是“社会财富”。situation: 情景；treasure:财宝、珍宝；category：分类、范畴。
本句意思指城市的扩张，用expand恰当。invade：入侵、侵略；split：分裂；enlarge：扩大、放大。
表示速度用at the rate of。 beyond：超过、超越。
在逆城市化的进程中，人们从大城市搬往小城市，四个单词中只有major 表示“重要的、大的”。essential：基本的、本质的；primitive：原始的、粗糙的；prior和to搭配，表示“在……之前”。
此处是一种“de-urbanization”的发展趋势，trend意思正确。direction：指示、方向；style：风格。
一个世纪前，城市人口应该是非常少，所以选less，即少于5% 。
along:沿着；through：通过、穿过。表示时间的节点用by , by the middle of this century，在本世纪中叶。
barely：几乎不、几乎没有。表示大约的人口数，用almost，意思是“差不多”。
前面应该是和后面的比较，后面用developing world，所以此处填developed。 flourishing:繁荣的、茂盛的；thriving：旺盛的、蒸蒸日上的；fertile：肥沃的、富饶的、多产的。
从上下文判断，这儿指城市人口的增加。extension：扩展；raise：上升、增加，它不和population搭配使用。addition：添加、增加，不可用来修饰人口。所以选growth。
put pressure on是固定搭配，表示“给压力”; restraint：约束、抑制；load:矛载、负荷；weight：重量。
此处指提供住所和服务，即services。 surroundings：环境、生活环境；concerns：关注、关心；communities：社区、团体。
move into是正确的搭配。around：围绕、环绕。
贫富差异会使社会产生进一步的不公平，所以用driven，和后面的by构成被动语态。
此处指社会财富分配的不均，social wealth意思是“社会财富”。situation: 情景；treasure:财宝、珍宝；category：分类、范畴。
本句意思指城市的扩张，用expand恰当。invade：入侵、侵略；split：分裂；enlarge：扩大、放大。
表示速度用at the rate of。 beyond：超过、超越。
在逆城市化的进程中，人们从大城市搬往小城市，四个单词中只有major 表示“重要的、大的”。essential：基本的、本质的；primitive：原始的、粗糙的；prior和to搭配，表示“在……之前”。
此处是一种“de-urbanization”的发展趋势，trend意思正确。direction：指示、方向；style：风格。
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共用题干The Value of TearsTears can ruin make-up,bring conversation to a stop,and give you a runny nose. They can leave you embarrassed and without energy. However,crying is a fact of life,and tears are very useful.Even when you're not crying,your eyes produce tears.These create a film over the eye's surface.This film contains a substance that protects your eyes against infection.Tears relieve stress.but we tend to fight them for all sorts of reasons."People worry about showing their emotions.They're afraid that once they lose control,they'll never get it back." explains psychologist Dorothy Rowe."As children we were sometimes punished for shedding tears or expressing anger. As adults we still fear the consequences of showing emotions."Almost any emotion-good or bad,happy or sad-can cause tears. Crying is a way mat we release buil-up emotions.Tears help you when you feel you are ready to explode because of very strong feelings.It may explain why people who are afraid to cry often suffer more heart attacks than people who cry more freely.When some people become very stressed,however,they can't cry.They may be feeling shock, anger, fear, or grief, but they repress（抑制）the emotion. "Everyone has the need to cry,"says psychotherapist（精神治疗师）Vera Diamond. Sometimes in therapy sessions, patients participate in crying exercises.They practice crying so that they can get used to expressing emo- tion .Diamond says it's best to cry in safe,private places,like under the bedcovers or in the car. That's because many people get uncomfortable when others cry in front of them. In fact,they may be repressing their own need to cry.In certain situations,such as at work,tears are not appropriate.It's good to hold back tears during a tense business discussion."But once you are safely behind closed doors,don't just cry," Diamond says.She suggests that you act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as you like.It will help you feel better."And,she adds,"Once our tears have released the stress,you can begin to think of logical ways to deal with the problem." Tears are a sign of our ability to feel.You should never be afraid to cry. Crying is useful in that it______.A:.helps you not to explodeB: eases heart attacksC: makes others comfortableD: cleans your eyes
共用题干第二篇Puerto Rican Cuisine（菜肴）Puerto Rico, a Caribbean（加勒比海区）island rich in history and remarkable for natural beauty, has a cuisine all its own. Immigration（移民）to the island has helped to shape its cuisine, with people from all over the world making various contributions to it．However,before the arrival of these immigrants,the Taino people lived on the island of Puerto Rico. Taino cuisine included such foods as rodents（啮齿动物）,fresh shellfish and fish fried in corn oil.Many aspects of Taino cuisine continue today in Puerto Rican cooking,but it has been heavily influ- enced by the Spanish,who invaded Puerto Rico in 1508,and Africans,who were initially brought to Puerto Rico to work as slaves.Taino cooking styles were mixed with ideas brought by the Spanish and Africans to create new dishes.The Spanish extended food choices by bringing cattle,pigs,goats,and sheep to the island.Africans also added to the island's food culture by introducing powerful,contrasting tastes in dishes.In fact,much of the food Puerto Rico is now famous for coffee,coconuts,and oranges一was actually im-- ported by foreigners to the island.A common assumption many people make about Puerto Rican food is that it is very spicy（辛辣的）.it' strue that chili peppers are popular;aij caballero in particular is a very hot chili pepper that Puerto Ricans enjoy. However, milder（微辣的）tastes are popular too, such as sofrito. As the base of many Puerto Rican dishes,sofrito is a sauce made from chopped onions,green bell peppers,sweet chili peppers,and a handful of other spices.It is fried in oil and then added to other dishes.Who lived in Puerto Rico first?A:The Africans.B:The Spanish.C:The Americans.D:The Taino people.
共用题干InflationBusiness and government leaders also consider the inflation rate to be an important general indicator. Inflation is a period of increased spending that causes rapid rises in prices.________(51)your money buys fewer goods so that you get________(52)for the same amount of money as before,inflation is the problem. There is a general rise________(53)the price of goods and services.Your money buys less.Sometimes people describe inflation as a time when"a dollar is not worth a dollar anymore".Inflation is a problem for all consumers.People who live on a fixed income are hurt the ________(54).Retired people,for instance,cannot count on an increase in income as prices rise. Elderly people who do not work face serious problems in stretching their incomes to________(55) their needs in time of inflation.Retirement income________(56)any fixed income usually does not rise as fast as prices.Many retired people must cut their spending to________(57)rising prices.In many cases they must stop________(58)some necessary items,such as food and clothing. Even________(59)working people whose incomes are going up,inflation can be a problem.The________(60)of living goes up,too.People who work must have even more money to keep up their standard of living.Just buying the things they need costs more.When incomes do not keep________(61)with rising prices,the standard of living goes down.People may be earning the same amount of money,but they are not living as well because they are not able to buy as many goods and services.Government units gather information about prices in our economy and publish it as price indexes ________(62)the rate of change can be determined.A price index measures changes in prices using the price for a________(63)year as the base.The base price is set at 100,and the otherprices are reported as a________(64)of the base price.A price index makes________(65)possible to compare current prices of typical consumer goods,for example,with prices of the samegoods in previous years._________(62)A:in which B:of whichC:from which D:by which
共用题干The Forbidden AppleNew York used to be the city that never sleeps.Theses days it's the city that never smokes,drinks or does anything naughty(at least,not in public).The Big Apple is quickly turning into the Forbidden Apple.If you wanted a glass of wine with your picnic in Central Park,could you have one?No chance.Drinking alcohol in public isn't allowed. If you decided to feed the birds with the last crumbs（碎屑）of your sandwich, you could be arrested.It's illegal.If you went to a bar for a drink and a cigarette,that would be OK,wouldn't it?Er…no.You can't smoke in public in New York City.What's going on?Why is the city that used to be so open-minded becoming like this?The mayor of New York is behind it all.He has brought in a whole lot of new laws to stop citizens from doing what they want, when they want.The press are shocked.Even the New York police have joined the argument.They recently spent $100,000 on a"Don't blame the cop"campaign.One New York police officer said,"We raise money for the city by giving people fines for breaking some very stupid laws.It's all about money."The result is a lot of fines for minor offences.Yoav Kashida,an Israeli tourist,fell asleep on the subway. When he woke up,two police officers fined him because he had fallen asleep on two seats(you mustn't use two seats in the subway).Elle and Serge Schroitman were fined for blocking a driveway with their car. It was their own driveway.The angry editor of Vanity Fair magazine,Graydon Carter,says,"Under New York City law it is accept- able to keep a gun in your place of work,but not an empty ashtray."He should know.The police came to his office and took away his ashtray（烟灰缸）.But not all of the New York's inhabitants are complaining. Marcia Dugarry,72,said,"The city has changed for the better. If more cities had these laws,America would be a better place to live."Nixon Patotkis, 38,a barman,said,"I like the new laws.If people smoked in here,we'd go home smelling of cigarettes."Recent figures show that New York now has fewer crimes per 100,000 people than 193 other US cities. And it's true一it's safer,cleaner and more healthy than before.But let's be honest一who goes to New York for its clean streets?It is now illegal to smoke or drink alcohol anywhere in New York.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
共用题干第一篇The National TrustThe National Trust in Britain plays an increasingly important part in the preservation for public enjoyment of the best that is left unspoiled of the British countryside.Although the Trust has received practical and moral support from the Government,it is not a rich government department.It is a voluntary association of people who care for the unspoiled countryside and historic buildings of Britain.It is a charity which depends for its existence on voluntary support from members of the public.Its primary duty is to protect places of great natural beauty and places of historical interest.The attention of the public was first drawn to the dangers threatening the great old houses and castles of Britain by the death of Lord Lothian,who left his great seventeenth-century house to the Trust together with the 4,500-acre park and estate surrounding it.This gift attracted wide publicity and started the Trust'5 "Country House Scheme".Under this scheme,with the help of the Government and the general public,the Trust has been able to save and make accessible to the public about 150 of these old houses.Last year,about 1.75 million people paid to visit these historic houses,usually at a very small charge.In addition to country houses and open spaces,the Trust now owns some examples of ancient wind and water mills,nature reserves,540 farms and nearly 2,500 cottages or small village houses,as well as some complete villages.In these villages no one is allowed to build,develop or disturb the old village environment in any way and all the houses are maintained in their original 16th century style.Over 4,000 acres of coastline,woodland, and hill country are protected by the Trust and no development or disturbances of any kind are permitted.The public has free access to these areas and is only asked to respect the peace,beauty and wildlife.Over the past 80 years the Trust has become a big and important organization and an essential and respected part of national life.It helps to preserve all that is of great natural beauty and of historical significance not only for future generations of Britons but also for the millions of tourists who each year invade Britain in search of a great historic and cultural heritage.We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Lord Lothian_______.A:donated all his money to the Trust B:started the"Country House Scheme"C:saved many old country houses in Britain D:was influential in his time
共用题干Us Blacks Hard-hit by CancerDeath rates for cancer are falling for all Americans,but black Americans are still more likely to die of cancer than whites,the American Cancer Society said Monday. In a special report on cancer and blacks,the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites,and they are more likely to die of the disease.This could be because of unequal access to medical care,because blacks are more likely to have other diseases like diabetes as well,and perhaps because of differences in the biology of the cancer itself,the report added. "In general,African Americans have less likelihood of surviving five years after diagnosis than whites for all cancer sites and all stages of diagnosis,"the report said."In describing cancer statistics for Mrican Americans,this report recognizes that socioeconomic disparities and unequal access to medical care may underlie many of the differences associated with race." The Cancer Society said blacks should be encouraged to get check-ups earlier,when cancer is more treatable,and it said more research was needed to see if biological differences play a role."The new statistics emphasize the continuing importance of eliminating these social disparities through public policy and education efforts,"the organization said in a statement. But it also noted a drop in cancer death rates."Cancer death rates in both sexes for all sites combined have declined substantially among African Amnericans since 1992,as have incidence rates,"said the report. "Increased efforts to improve economic conditions in combination with education about the relationship of lifestyle choices to cancer could further reduce the burden of cancer among African Americans."About 36 million Americans describe themselves as black,representing about 12 percent of the population.Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks?A:Unequal access to medical care. B:Greater probability of having other diseases.C:Differences in the biology of the cancer. D:Early diagnosis.
共用题干I heard many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling,I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents.You should be learning to stand on your own two feet.______(46)It seems that teenagers are taking the same way of showing that they disagree with their parents.Instead of striking out boldly on their own,most of them are clutching at one another's hands for reassurance.They claim they want to dress as they please.But they all wear the same clothes.They set off in new directions in music.______(47)Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that the crowd is doing it. They have come out of their cocoon（蚕茧）-into a larger cocoon.It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way. Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market.______(48)And many of today's parents have come to award high marks for the popularity of their children.All this adds up to a great barrier for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path.But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records.______(49)Well,go to it. Find yourseff. Be yourself. Popularity will come with the people who respect you for who you are.______(50）.______(47)A: Most teenagers claim that they want to do what they like to,but they are actually doing the same.B: That's the only kind of popularity that really counts.C: But some how they all end up crowded round listening to the same record.D: You may have some thoughts that you don't care to share at once with your classmates.E: These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager should have and be.F: But take a good look at the present rebellion.
共用题干How to Get along Well with Your Boss1 Before you argue with your boss,check with the boss's secretary to determine his mood.If he ate nails for breakfast,it is not a good idea to ask him for something.Even without the boss's secretary,there are keys to timing don't approach the boss when he's on deadline,don't go in right before lunch,when he is apt to be distracted and rushed,don't go in just before or after he has taken a vacation.2 If you're mad,that will only make your boss mad.Calm down first.And don'tlet a particular con-cern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration.The boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind.Then maybe he will dismiss you.3 Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss.Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employee has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it.4 Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more.If you can'tput forward an immediate solution,at least suggest how to approach the problem.People who frequently present problems without solu- tions to their bosses may soon find they can'tget past the secretary.5 To deal effectively with a boss,it's important to consider his goals and pressures.If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss,then he will be naturally more inclined to work with you to achieve your goals.Paragraph 2________A:Keep Your Voice Low All the TimeB:Put Yourself in the Boss's PositionC:Propose Your SolutionD:Don't Go In When You Are AngryE:Make the Issue ClearF:Never Give In
共用题干第一篇Unidentified Flying ObjectUnidentified flying Object(UFO)is any object or light,reportedly sighted in the sky,that cannot be immediately explained by the observer. Sightings of unusual aerial phenomena date back to ancient times,but UFOs(sometimes called flying saucers)became widely discussed only after the first widely publicized U.S.sighting in 1947.Many thousands of such observations have since been reported worldwide.At least 90 percent of UFO sightings can be identified as conventional objects,although time consuming investigations are often necessary for such identification.The objects most often be mistaken for UFOs are bright planets and stars,aircraft,birds,balloons,kites,aerial flares,peculiar clouds, meteors（流星）,and satellites. The remaining sightings most likely can be attributed to other mistaken sightings or to inaccurate reporting, tricks, or delusions（妄想）,although to disprove all claims made about UFOs is impossible.From 1947 to 1969 the US air force investigated UFOs as a possible threat to national security. A total of 12,618 reports was received,of which 701 reports,or 5.6 percent,were listed as unexplained.The air force concluded that"no UFO reported,investigated,and evaluated by the Air Force has ever given any indication of threat to our national security."Since 1969 no agency of the US government has had any active program of UFO investigation.Some persons, however, believe that UFOs are extraterrestrial（地球外的）spacecraft, even though no scientifically valid evidence supports that belief. The possibility of extraterrestrial civilizations is not the stumbling block（障碍物）;most scientists grant that intelligent life may well exist elsewhere in the universe.A fully convincing UFO photograph of a craft like object has yet to be taken, however, and the scientific method requires that highly speculative（推测性的）explanations should not be adopted unless all of the more ordinary explanations can be ruled out.UFO enthusiasts persist,however,and some persons even claim to have been captured and taken aboard UFOs.No one has produced scientifically acceptable proof of these claims.Behavioral scientist Car Sagan of Cornel University has proposed that"certain psychological needs are met by belief in superior beings from other worlds."According to the passage,which of the following statements is NOT true about the UFO investigation by the US Air Force?A:Approximately 94 percent of the UFO reports received were explained.B:UFOs were once regarded as a potential danger to national safety.C:The investigation showed that America will not be threatened by the reported UFOs.D:The investigation proved that further UFO research would be of great value.