材料：When SEA EMPRESS was two or three cables from the Channel entrance，the pilot saw from the changing aspect of the Outer Leading Lights that there was a set to the east．He ordered a course change of 5° to port．The vessel，which was now closing with the Mid Channel Rocks Light Buoy，started to turn to port．The pilot saw the Outer Leading Lights close and then open to the east as the bows entered the channel．The Buoy was very close to starboard and the pilot now saw that the fixed red and fixed white lights of the Outer Leading Lights，the ones indicating the east side of the deepest water in the Channel entrance，were also open to the east．After the bows had passed the Middle Channel Rocks Light to starboard there was a shuddering vibration，then a sound from the deck below of liquid being forced under pressure，accompanied by a strong smell of oil．The helmsman reported that the vessel was not steering and the pilot ordered full astern．The Chief Officer recorded this order and the vessels position，which was 1.4 cables northwest of Middle Channel Rocks Light．SEA EMPRESS，which was trimming by the head and taking a starboard list，continued to run ahead as the main engine was on full astern．There were further main engine movements and the vessel finally lost all way after she grounded again in a position about 3.3 cables south-by-west of the Mill Bay Buoy．The main engine was put to stop．SEA EMPRESS was by this time significantly trimmed by the head and had taken an 18° list to starboard with the starboard fore part of the deck awash and was heading in a northwesterly direction．问题：The course of SEA EMPRESS，when entering the Channel entrance，was most likely in a direction of ______．A.NorthB.EastC.SouthD.WestWhen SEA EMPRESS was grounded the second time，her smallest freeboard was on her ______．A.port side before mid sectionB.port side after mid sectionC.starboard side before mid sectionD.starboard side after mid sectionA conclusion can be drawn from this passage that SEA EMPRESS was grounded at about ______ hours（LT）．A.0200B.0900C.1900D.2200“The pilot saw the Outer Leading Lights close and then open to the east as the bows entered the channel”．This indicates that ______．A.the front Leading Light appeared to move to the left of the rear Leading LightB.the rear Leading Light appeared to move to the right of the front Leading LightC.the front Leading Light appeared to move to the east of the rear Leading LightD.the rear Leading Light appeared to move to the east of the front Leading Light请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
材料：
When SEA EMPRESS was two or three cables from the Channel entrance，the pilot saw from the changing aspect of the Outer Leading Lights that there was a set to the east．He ordered a course change of 5° to port．The vessel，which was now closing with the Mid Channel Rocks Light Buoy，started to turn to port．The pilot saw the Outer Leading Lights close and then open to the east as the bows entered the channel．The Buoy was very close to starboard and the pilot now saw that the fixed red and fixed white lights of the Outer Leading Lights，the ones indicating the east side of the deepest water in the Channel entrance，were also open to the east．
After the bows had passed the Middle Channel Rocks Light to starboard there was a shuddering vibration，then a sound from the deck below of liquid being forced under pressure，accompanied by a strong smell of oil．The helmsman reported that the vessel was not steering and the pilot ordered&39; full astern&39;．The Chief Officer recorded this order and the vessel&39;s position，which was 1.4 cables northwest of Middle Channel Rocks Light．
SEA EMPRESS，which was trimming by the head and taking a starboard list，continued to run ahead as the main engine was on full astern．There were further main engine movements and the vessel finally lost all way after she grounded again in a position about 3.3 cables south-by-west of the Mill Bay Buoy．The main engine was put to &39;stop&39;．SEA EMPRESS was by this time significantly trimmed by the head and had taken an 18° list to starboard with the starboard fore part of the deck awash and was heading in a northwesterly direction．
问题：
The course of SEA EMPRESS，when entering the Channel entrance，was most likely in a direction of ______．
A.North
B.East
C.South
D.West
When SEA EMPRESS was grounded the second time，her smallest freeboard was on her ______．A.port side before mid section
B.port side after mid section
C.starboard side before mid section
D.starboard side after mid section
A conclusion can be drawn from this passage that SEA EMPRESS was grounded at about ______ hours（LT）．A.0200
B.0900
C.1900
D.2200
“The pilot saw the Outer Leading Lights close and then open to the east as the bows entered the channel”．This indicates that ______．A.the front Leading Light appeared to move to the left of the rear Leading Light
B.the rear Leading Light appeared to move to the right of the front Leading Light
C.the front Leading Light appeared to move to the east of the rear Leading Light
D.the rear Leading Light appeared to move to the east of the front Leading Light
请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
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材料：MV Magellan was inbound from Rotterdam to berth 207 at Southampton Container Terminal．At 0530 the pilot boarded the ship at the Nab Tower pilot station．The pilots and the masters passage plans were exchanged and the ships pilot card was given to the pilot．The passage continued along the East Solent，during which time there were various VHF radio conversations between vessels and Southampton VTS，about restricted visibility．The VTS officer gave the pilot a countdown from 5 to 2 cables to the Gurnard buoy．This was given so that the pilot could judge the timing of the wheel-over manoeuvre for the 141° turn into the narrow Thorn Channel．The wheel-over occurred at about 0652 and the ship began to turn．At this time，the W Bramble and NE Gurnard buoys，which are at the entrance to Thorn Channel，could not be seen because of restricted visibility．Various helm and engine movements were made during the turn．However，when W Bramble and NE Gurnard buoys appeared，the pilot realized that the ship was in the wrong position for the heading she was on．Despite further helm and engine orders，the vessel grounded soon after，at 0700．It was not until about 0710 that the escort harbor launch informed VTS of the grounding．With the assistance of two tugs，the ship was refloated near the time of high water，and she safely berthed at 1232．问题：MV Magellan applied wheel at ________ to turn into the narrow Thorn Channel．A.0530B.0652C.0700D.0710The important navigational mark or marks at the entrance to the Thorn Channel is（are）________．A.Southampton Container TerminalB.the East SolentC.the Nab TowerD.the W Bramble and NE Gurnard buoysThe suggestion of a countdown from 5 to 2 cables to the Gurnard buoy is ________．A.for the pilot to judge easily when the wheel should be used to make the turn into the narrow Thorn ChannelB.to remind the pilot that the depth around there is not sufficient for MV MagellanC.to inform the pilot that the visibility around the buoy is reduced furtherD.to request the pilot that further consideration should be given to the wheel-over manoeuvre for the 141° turnIt can be concluded that the cause of the grounding was that ________．A.the Bramble and NE Gurnard buoys were disappearedB.the VHF radio conversations between vessels and Southampton VTS，about restricted visibility，were insufficient and improperC.Thorn Channel was too narrowD.there was an error of judgment by the pilot during the execution of the turn into Thorn Channel请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
材料：The 4，426gt Swedish vessel Skagern sailed for her next port，Strood，with a draught of 5.95m．The master soon realized，however，that he would not make the tide for berthing if he proceeded to the Medway as planned，to pick up the pilot at the North East Spit．He therefore decided to change the passage plan by shortening the distance and embarking his pilot at the Sunk light vessel．The officer on watch，2/O，was told to make the necessary adjustments and lay off the new courses．The 2/O made the original plan based on waypoints calculated and entered by another officer．These had been marked on the various charts and had already been entered into the GPS navigator．When he amended the passage plan he used the GPS to calculate a new course from a waypoint off Lowestoft direct to the Sunk pilot station．In doing so，he didnt realize he had missed out a pre-programmed waypoint in the GPS for a position to the east of the East Shipwash buoy．He didnt notice that his course line intersected the 5m depth contour to the west of the East Shipwash buoy．The master did not check the amended passage plan and Skagern continued with her passage．2/O came on watch again four hours before the vessel was due to arrive at the pilot station．One hour before arrival at the Sunk 2/O prepared to embark the pilot．He saw the North Shipwash buoy and passed about three cables to the east of it．Shortly afterwards he saw two more buoys ahead of him，the East Shipwash on his port bow and the North-West Shipwash on his starboard.It did not occur to him that anything might be wrong．Shortly afterwards，Skagern ran aground at a full speed of 14 knots．He had found the Shipwash Bank．Although two tugs were dispatched from Harwich to standby，the master was able to de-ballast his vessel and refloat her successfully with the aid of the main engine．There was no pollution and there appeared to be no damage．问题：To embark the pilot earlier Skagern ________．A.speeded upB.shortened the distance by adjusting the planned passageC.made the tideD.engaged trade every two weeksThe grounding was caused by the reason of ________．A.the second officer missed a waypoint when steaming to the pilot stationB.the depth around the pilot station is 5.95m which is not sufficient to allow the vessel to keep always afloatC.the GPS had something wrong when calculating the courseD.the vessel did not make the tide due to her late arrivalThe vessel was refloated ________．A.with the aid of reverting her main engine and pressing up slack ballast tanksB.herself by pumping out some of her ballast and the aid of her main engineC.with the aid of her main engine and the two tugs from HarwichD.with the aid of tide and tugsThe lessen of this accident is that ________．A.without proper planning of the ballasting and de-ballasting programme the vessel is likely to be involved in such accident as groundingB.a vessel should be well prepared for grounding when proceeding toward pilot stationC.when grounded，a vessel should try to contact the nearest coast station to apply for the aid of tugsD.in this age of the GPS and push-button navigation，it is all too easy to be lulled into a false sense of security and assume the position indicated is correct请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
材料：In the early hours of a November morning，the fully laden 42，259gt Panamanian registered container vessel Ambassador Bridge was inbound to the English Channel，and had closed the south Devon coast to embark a pilot off Brixham．In preparing to embark the pilot at the port side pilot station situated some 4m above the waterline，a seaman was detailed off to rig the pilot ladder and stand by to receive him．He made a radio check with the bridge when he arrived，but when the bridge tried to contact him again as the pilot boat approached，there was no reply．An officer was sent down to investigate．The chief officer found the pilot door wide open，the ladder unrigged，water sloshing around the station deck，but no sign of the seaman detailed off to prepare the ladder for embarkation．The body of a man，later identified as the deceased seaman，was recovered from the sea some four hours later．He was not wearing a lifejacket．问题：Ambassador Bridge was not ________．A.an inbound vessel to the English channelB.a Panamanian registered container vesselC.in ballastD.near the Devon coastThe body of the deceased seaman was recovered by ________．A.the C/OB.the PilotC.a salverD.someone not mentionedIt can be concluded that the deceased seaman ________．A.wore a lifejacket but lost it when overboard in the seaB.committed suicideC.dropped into the sea to catch the pilot ladderD.was given instructions in detail before being sent to his stationOf the following，________ is not correct．A.the vessel was receiving her pilot who was to come down from the pilot station which was 4m above the seaB.the deceased did not rig the pilot ladderC.the deceased reported to the bridge as soon as he arrived thereD.the vessel was receiving her pilot at port side请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
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