In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics.
In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics.
相关考题：
With all this work on hand, he () to the cinema last night. A.mustn’t goB.wouldn’t goC.oughtn’t goD.shouldn’t have gone
() and I’ll get the work finished. A、Have one more hourB、One more hourC、Given one more hourD、I have one more hour
Text 3During the past generation， the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities. Now a pink slip， a bad diagnosis. or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.In just one generation， millions of mothers have gone to work， transforming basic family economics. Scholars， policymakers， and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes， but few have looked at the side effect family risk has risen as well. Today's families have budgeted to the limits of their new two-paycheck status. As a result they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback- a back-up earner （usually Mom） who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick. This “added-worker effect” could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. But today， a disruption to family fortunes can not longer be made up with extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner.During the same period， families have been asked to absorb much more risk in their retirement income. Steelworkers， airline employees， and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates， stock market fluctuation， and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money. For much of the past year. President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a savings-account model， with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns. For younger families， the picture is not any better. Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risen-and newly fashionable health-savings plans are spreading from legislative halls to Wal-Mart workers， with much higher deductibles and a large new does of investment risk for families‘ future healthcare. Even demographics are working against the middle class family， as the odds of having a weak elderly parent- and all the attendant need for physical and financial assistance have jumped eightfold in just one generation.From the middle-class family perspective， much of this， understandably， looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility， and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders. The financial fallout has begun， and the political fallout may not be far behind.[421 words]31. Today's double-income families are at greater financial risk in that[A] the safety net they used to enjoy has disappeared.[B] their chances of being laid off have greatly increased.[C] they are more vulnerable to changes in family economics.[D] they are deprived of unemployment or disability insurance.
Starting from 22, ________.[A] one will obtain more basic rights[B] the older one becomes, the more basic rights he will have[C] one won’t get more basic rights than when he is 21[D] one will enjoy more rights granted by society
During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics. Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well. Today's families have budgeted to the limits of their new two-paycheck status. As a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback-a back-up earner (usually Mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick. This "added-worker effect" could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. But today, a disruption to family fortunes can no longer be made up with extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner.During the same period, families have been asked to absorb much more risk in their retirement income. Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money. For much of the past year, President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving-account model, with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns. For younger families, the picture is not any better. Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risen--and newly fashionable health-savings plans are spreading from legislative halls to WalMart workers, with much higher deductibles and a large new dose of investment risk for families' future healthcare. Even demographics are working against the middle class family, as the odds of having a weak elderly parent--and all the attendant need for physical and financial assistance have jumped eightfold in just one generation.From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders. The financial fallout has begun, and the political fallout may not be far behind．As a result of President Bush's reform, retired people may have__A.a higher sense of securityB.less secured paymentsC.less chance to investD.a guaranteed future
During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics. Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well. Today's families have budgeted to the limits of their new two-paycheck status. As a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback-a back-up earner (usually Mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick. This "added-worker effect" could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. But today, a disruption to family fortunes can no longer be made up with extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner.During the same period, families have been asked to absorb much more risk in their retirement income. Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money. For much of the past year, President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving-account model, with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns. For younger families, the picture is not any better. Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risen--and newly fashionable health-savings plans are spreading from legislative halls to WalMart workers, with much higher deductibles and a large new dose of investment risk for families' future healthcare. Even demographics are working against the middle class family, as the odds of having a weak elderly parent--and all the attendant need for physical and financial assistance have jumped eightfold in just one generation.From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders. The financial fallout has begun, and the political fallout may not be far behind．Which of the following is the best title for this text?A.The Middle Class on the AlertB.The Middle Class on the CliffC.The Middle Class in ConflictD.The Middle Class in Ruins
Text 4 Each suburban housewife,wrote Betty Friedan in 1963,struggles with a single quesLion as she makes the beds,shops for groceries,drives children to school and lies beside her husband at night:"Is this all?"A few years after her ground-breaking book The Feminine Mystique was published,the Cen8us Bureau began collecting data on the proportion of mothers who opt to stay at home.Over the subsequent decades the statistics answered Friedan's question with a heartfelt no.In 1967 the share of mothers who did not work ouLside the home stood at 4996;by the turn of the millennium it had dropped to just 23%.Many Lhought this number would continue to fall as women sought to"have it all".Instead,the proportion of stay-at-home moLhers has been rising steadily for the past 15 years,according to new data gathered by the Pew Research Centre.This partly reflects demographic change.Immigrants,a rising share of Lhe relevant generation,are more likely to be stay-at-home mums than women born in America.There is an economic component to the change,too:at the end of the 1990s,when mothers staying at home were at Lheir rarest,the economy was creating so many jobs that most people who wanted work could find it.Now more report that they are unable to do so,or are studying in the hope of finding work later.But there is also an element of choice:a quarter of stay-at-home mothers have coUege degrees.Taken as a whole,the group includes mothers at both ends of the social scale.Some are highly educated bankers'wives who choose not to work because they don't need the money and would rather spend their time hot-housing their toddlers so that they may one day get into Harvard.Others are poorer but calculate that,after paying for child care,the money they make sweeping filoors or serving burgers does not justify the time away from their little ones.he first group is fturly small.Pew estimates that there are 370,000 highly educated and afflu-ent slay-at-home mothers（defined as married mothers with children under 18 who have at least a master's degree and family income in excess of$75,000）.That is 5%of all stay-at-home mothers with working husbands.One third of stay-at-home moLhers are single or cohabiting,and on average they are poorer than the rest.It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that the most vital thing for women is to______A.spend more money on their childrenB.spend more time with their childrenC.balance their work inside and outsideD.earn more money to support their family
Text 4 Each suburban housewife,wrote Betty Friedan in 1963,struggles with a single quesLion as she makes the beds,shops for groceries,drives children to school and lies beside her husband at night:"Is this all?"A few years after her ground-breaking book The Feminine Mystique was published,the Cen8us Bureau began collecting data on the proportion of mothers who opt to stay at home.Over the subsequent decades the statistics answered Friedan's question with a heartfelt no.In 1967 the share of mothers who did not work ouLside the home stood at 4996;by the turn of the millennium it had dropped to just 23%.Many Lhought this number would continue to fall as women sought to"have it all".Instead,the proportion of stay-at-home moLhers has been rising steadily for the past 15 years,according to new data gathered by the Pew Research Centre.This partly reflects demographic change.Immigrants,a rising share of Lhe relevant generation,are more likely to be stay-at-home mums than women born in America.There is an economic component to the change,too:at the end of the 1990s,when mothers staying at home were at Lheir rarest,the economy was creating so many jobs that most people who wanted work could find it.Now more report that they are unable to do so,or are studying in the hope of finding work later.But there is also an element of choice:a quarter of stay-at-home mothers have coUege degrees.Taken as a whole,the group includes mothers at both ends of the social scale.Some are highly educated bankers'wives who choose not to work because they don't need the money and would rather spend their time hot-housing their toddlers so that they may one day get into Harvard.Others are poorer but calculate that,after paying for child care,the money they make sweeping filoors or serving burgers does not justify the time away from their little ones.he first group is fturly small.Pew estimates that there are 370,000 highly educated and afflu-ent slay-at-home mothers（defined as married mothers with children under 18 who have at least a master's degree and family income in excess of$75,000）.That is 5%of all stay-at-home mothers with working husbands.One third of stay-at-home moLhers are single or cohabiting,and on average they are poorer than the rest.Betty Friedan is mentioned in the first paragraph to______A.discuss about female writersB.show the author's conLributionC.introduce the topic of housewivesD.describe the life of single mothers
Text 4 Each suburban housewife,wrote Betty Friedan in 1963,struggles with a single quesLion as she makes the beds,shops for groceries,drives children to school and lies beside her husband at night:"Is this all?"A few years after her ground-breaking book The Feminine Mystique was published,the Cen8us Bureau began collecting data on the proportion of mothers who opt to stay at home.Over the subsequent decades the statistics answered Friedan's question with a heartfelt no.In 1967 the share of mothers who did not work ouLside the home stood at 4996;by the turn of the millennium it had dropped to just 23%.Many Lhought this number would continue to fall as women sought to"have it all".Instead,the proportion of stay-at-home moLhers has been rising steadily for the past 15 years,according to new data gathered by the Pew Research Centre.This partly reflects demographic change.Immigrants,a rising share of Lhe relevant generation,are more likely to be stay-at-home mums than women born in America.There is an economic component to the change,too:at the end of the 1990s,when mothers staying at home were at Lheir rarest,the economy was creating so many jobs that most people who wanted work could find it.Now more report that they are unable to do so,or are studying in the hope of finding work later.But there is also an element of choice:a quarter of stay-at-home mothers have coUege degrees.Taken as a whole,the group includes mothers at both ends of the social scale.Some are highly educated bankers'wives who choose not to work because they don't need the money and would rather spend their time hot-housing their toddlers so that they may one day get into Harvard.Others are poorer but calculate that,after paying for child care,the money they make sweeping filoors or serving burgers does not justify the time away from their little ones.he first group is fturly small.Pew estimates that there are 370,000 highly educated and afflu-ent slay-at-home mothers（defined as married mothers with children under 18 who have at least a master's degree and family income in excess of$75,000）.That is 5%of all stay-at-home mothers with working husbands.One third of stay-at-home moLhers are single or cohabiting,and on average they are poorer than the rest.This text mainly centers on housewives______A.family and social backgroundB.reasons for not going to workC.disparity of economic statusD.proportion and situations
Text 4 Each suburban housewife,wrote Betty Friedan in 1963,struggles with a single quesLion as she makes the beds,shops for groceries,drives children to school and lies beside her husband at night:"Is this all?"A few years after her ground-breaking book The Feminine Mystique was published,the Cen8us Bureau began collecting data on the proportion of mothers who opt to stay at home.Over the subsequent decades the statistics answered Friedan's question with a heartfelt no.In 1967 the share of mothers who did not work ouLside the home stood at 4996;by the turn of the millennium it had dropped to just 23%.Many Lhought this number would continue to fall as women sought to"have it all".Instead,the proportion of stay-at-home moLhers has been rising steadily for the past 15 years,according to new data gathered by the Pew Research Centre.This partly reflects demographic change.Immigrants,a rising share of Lhe relevant generation,are more likely to be stay-at-home mums than women born in America.There is an economic component to the change,too:at the end of the 1990s,when mothers staying at home were at Lheir rarest,the economy was creating so many jobs that most people who wanted work could find it.Now more report that they are unable to do so,or are studying in the hope of finding work later.But there is also an element of choice:a quarter of stay-at-home mothers have coUege degrees.Taken as a whole,the group includes mothers at both ends of the social scale.Some are highly educated bankers'wives who choose not to work because they don't need the money and would rather spend their time hot-housing their toddlers so that they may one day get into Harvard.Others are poorer but calculate that,after paying for child care,the money they make sweeping filoors or serving burgers does not justify the time away from their little ones.he first group is fturly small.Pew estimates that there are 370,000 highly educated and afflu-ent slay-at-home mothers（defined as married mothers with children under 18 who have at least a master's degree and family income in excess of$75,000）.That is 5%of all stay-at-home mothers with working husbands.One third of stay-at-home moLhers are single or cohabiting,and on average they are poorer than the rest.According to Paragraph 2,which of the following is true?A.The lowest proportion of housewives appeared around 2000.B.Many people think that women are becoming less independent.C.The number of housewives has been falling in the past dec8des.D.Most women think that career may be more important for them.
共用题干Working MothersCarefully conducted researches that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to show any long-term problems,compared with children whose mothers stayed at home.My personal______(1)is that mothers should be allowed to work if they wish.Whether we like it or not,there are a______(2) of mothers who just have to work.There arethose who have invested such a big part of their lives in establishing a career that they cannot______(3) see it lost.Then there are many who must work out of pure economic______(4).Many mothers are not______(5) out to be full-time parents.After a few months at home with a much loved infant,they feel trapped and isolated.There are a number of options when it______(6) to choosing childcare.These range from child minders and nannies through to Granny or the kind lady______(7) the street.______(8) ,howev-er,many parents don't have any choice；they have to accept anything they can get.Be pre-pared!No______(9) how good the childcare may be,some children are going to protest wildly if they are left.This is a______(10) normal stage of child development.Babies separate well in the first six months,but soon after that they start to get a crush on Mum and close family______(11).Make sure that in the first week you allow______(12) time to help your child settle in.All children are different.Some are independent,while others are more______(13) to their mothers.Remember that if you want to______(14) the best for your children,it's not the quantity of time you spend with them,it's the______(15) that matters.9._________A:wayB:matterC:surpriseD:exception
共用题干Working MothersCarefully conducted researches that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to show any long-term problems,compared with children whose mothers stayed at home.My personal ______(51)is that mothers should be allowed to work if they wish.Whether we like it or not,there are a______(52)of mothers who just have to work.There are those who have invested such a big part of their lives in establishing a career that they cannot______(53)to see it lost.Then there are many who must work out of pure economic______(54).Many mothers are not_______(55)out to be full-time parents.After a few months at home with a much loved infant,they feel trapped and isolated. There are a number of options when it______(56)to choosing childcare.These range from child minders and nannies through to Granny or the kind lady______(57)the street.______(58), however,many parents don't have any choice;they have to accept anything they can get.Be prepared!No ______(59)how good the childcare may be,some children are going to protest wildly if they are left. This is a_______(60)normal stage of child development.Babies separate well in the first six months, but soon after that they start to get a crush on Mum and close family______(61).Make sure that in the first week you allow______(62)time to help your child settle in.All children are different.Some are independent,while others are more______(63)to their mothers. Remember that if you want to_______(64)the best for your children,it's not the quantity of time you spend with them,it's the______(65)that matters.64._________A:make B:give C:have D:do
单选题He got to the station in a hurry only be told that the train had just gone.Agot toBin a hurryCbe toldDhad just gone
单选题Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there.She ____ by bus.Amust have goneBshould have goneCought to have goneDcould have gone
单选题If most of the people of a country have a television, we _____.Acan say the television is a need in the same sense as food, clothing and shelterBcan say the television must be a basic necessityCcannot say the television is a basic necessityDcan say every family must have one