What does the author imply by "Until now such bonds have largely been the preserve of rich-country is-suers" ( Line 3-4, Para.2) ?（ ）[A] The catastrophe bonds are mainly reserved by rich countries.[B] Only rich countries have the ability to issue the catastrophe bonds.[C] Rich countries seldom issue the catastrophe bonds.[D] Most of the catastrophe bonds are raised in rich countries.
What does the author imply by "Until now such bonds have largely been the preserve of rich-country is-suers" ( Line 3-4, Para.2) ?（ ）
[A] The catastrophe bonds are mainly reserved by rich countries.
[B] Only rich countries have the ability to issue the catastrophe bonds.
[C] Rich countries seldom issue the catastrophe bonds.
[D] Most of the catastrophe bonds are raised in rich countries.
相关考题：
—What should a healthy diet contain? —() A.We shouldn’t eat too much fast food because it’s rich in fat.B.A healthy diet should contain all the essential nutrients.C.A lot of food safety issues have been exposed in the food industry.
听力原文：M: So, Jane, how long have you been an author?W: Well, Tom, I didn't start writing until I was in my thirtieth, and I'm over seventy now. So goodness, I must have been writing for about forty years.How long has the woman been an author?A．About 30 years.B．About 40 years.C．About 60 years.D．About 70 years.
The principal factor depressing life expectancy in developing countries has always been the high death rate for infants and children. The World Bank studies suggest that as much as two thirds of the difference in life-spans between people in developed countries and those in developing ones can be traced to differences in survival rates for children under five. It is here where the most improvement has come. According to UN estimates, significant regional drops in infant mortality - ranging from 25 percent to 60 percent and centering near 40 percent - appear to have taken place between the late 1950s and the late 1970s in northern Africa, Latin America, and Asia. Although sub-Saharan Africa' s mortality trends cannot be quantified with confidence, there is reason to believe that life expectancy has risen and infant mortality has declined in that region as well. There is little doubt that population growth has accelerated in sub-Saharan Africa since the 1950s; in fact, sub-Saharan Africa is widely thought to have the highest rate of population growth of any major region in the world. Only a small portion of that acceleration is likely to have been caused by increases in fertility (and increases in fertility, insofar as they have occurred, may also imply improvements in health and nutrition).Mortality, of course, is not a perfect measure of nutritional change. Improved nutrition is only one of a number of forces that have been pushing down death rates in developing countries. Others include the upgrading of hygiene and sanitation; the extension of public health services; medical innovations; improvements in education, communications, transportation, and, in some areas, civil order. Even so, the extent to which improvements innutrition—both direct and indirect—have reduced mortality in developing countries has frequently been underestimated. For example, Sri Lanka experienced an abrupt jump in life expectancy shortly after the Second World War. Whereas this was long described as a "technical fix"—a triumph of DDT over the anopheles mosquito—years later researchers realized that abrupt and rapid drops in mortality had also taken place in Sri Lanka' s highlands, or "dry zones", where malaria had never been a serious problem. In both highlands and lowland regions health improved in tandem with access to food.According to the author, life expectancy in developing countries is not high mainly because developing countries______.A．have a low standard of livingB．have no public health servicesC．have no public and private hygiene and sanitationD．have low survival rates for infants and children
The author holds that______.A．mortality rates in developing countries have been brought down by a number of forcesB．medical innovations are the only way to reduce mortality rates in developing countriesC．the upgrading of hygiene and sanitation has played a crucial role in reducing mortality rates in developing countriesD．improved nutrition is the only one factor that reduces mortality rates in developing countries
The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had once been()only to the very rich.A. manageableB. measurableC. affordable
The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries______.A) heavy industry becomes mare energy-intensiveB) income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil. pricesC) manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezedD) oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP
The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countriesA heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive.B income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices.C manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed.D oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP.
Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.An understanding of man's effect on the balance of nature is crucial (关键的) to being able to find the appropriate remedial action. It is a very common belief that the problems of the population explosion are caused mainly by poor people living in poor countries who do not know enough to limit their reproduction. This is not true. The actual number of people in an area is not as important as the effect they have on nature. Developing countries do have an effect on their environment, but it is the populations of richer countries that have a far greater impact on the earth as a whole.For example, tropical forests are known to be essential to the balance of nature, yet we are destroying them at a great rate. They are being cleared not to benefit the natives of that country, but to satisfy the needs of rich countries. Central American forests are being destroyed for grassland to make pet food in the United States cheaper; in Papua slew Guinea, forests are destroyed to supply cheaper cardboard packaging for Japanese electronic products; in Burma and Thailand, forests have been destroyed to produce more attractive furniture in Singapore and Hong Kong. Therefore, a rich person living thousands of miles away may cause more tropical forest destruction than a poor person living in the forest itself.In short, it is everybody's duty to safeguard the future of mankind—not only through population control, but by being more aware of the effect his actions have on nature. Nature is both fragile and powerful. It is very easily destroyed; on the other hand, it can easily destroy its most dangerous enemy—man.31.According to the first paragraph, people usually believe that .A.poor people in poor countries contribute to the imbalance of natureB. rich people know how to protect the environment by taking actionsC. people in poor areas know a lot about the birth controlD. rich people in rich countries have done a lot to balance nature
Poets,songwriters and politicians hate the idea,but for decades opinion-poll evidence has been clear:money buys happiness and the richer you are,the more likely you are to express satisfaction with your life.Until now,a survey of 43 countries（1）on October 30th by the pew Research Cenre of Washington,DC,shows that people in（2）markets are expressing almost the same level of satisfaction as people in rich countries.It is the biggest（3）to the standard view of happiness and income seen（4）The Pew poll asks respondents to（5）,on a scale from zero to ten,how good their lives are Those who say between seven and ten are counted as（6）.In 2007,57%of respondents in rich countries put themselves in the top four tiers;in emerging markets the（7）was 33%:in poor countries only 16%-a classic（8）of the standard view But in 2014,54%of rich-country respondents counted themselves as happy,whereas in emer-ging markets the percentage（9）to 51%.This was happening just at a time when emerging markets chances of converging economically（10）the West seemed to be（11）Rich countries did not experience（12）declines in happiness.The decreases in America and Britain were tiny（a single percentage point）,13 the share of happy Germans rose（13）points.A large drop in formerly joyful spain ensured a modest overall decline for the rich.（14）the conver-gence happened（15）huge improvements in countries such as Indonesia and Pakistan.In 12 of the 24 emerging markets,half or more people（16）their life satisfaction in the top tiers of the ladder.This is not to（17）the link between income and satisfaction has been snapped Poor coun-tries still（18）only a quarter of the people there are in the happy tiers=half the level of the other two groups.There is（19）a clear link between happiness and income growth.China's GDP rose at an annual average rate of 10%in 2007-2014 and its happiness level rose 26 points.（20）countries,richer people express more satisfaction than their poorer neighbours.wing onilia（18）选？A.catch upB.fall apartC.lag behindD.set aside
Text 2 Economic refugees have traditionally lined up to get into America.lAtely,they have been lining up to leave.In the past few months,half a dozen biggish comparues have announced plans to merge with foreign partners and in the process move their corporate homes abroad.The motive is simple:corporate taxes are lower in Ireland,Britain and,for that matter,almost everywhere else than they are in America.In Washington,D.C.,policymakers have reacted wiLh indignation.Jack Lew,the treasury secretary,has quesLioned che companies'patriotism and called on Congress to outlaw such transactions.His fellow Democrats are eager to oblige,and some Republicans are willing to listen.The proposals are misguided.Tightening the rules on corporate"inversions",as these moves are called,does nothing to deal with the reason why so many firms want to leave:America has the rich world's most dysfunctional corporate-tax system.It needs fundamental reform,not new complications.America's corporate tax has two horrible flaws.The first is the tax rate,which at 35%is the lughest among the 34 mostly rich-country members of the OECD.Yet it raises less revenue than the OECD average ihanks to countless loopholes and tax breaks aimed at everything from machinery investment to NASCAR race tracks.Last year these breaks cost$150 billion in forgone revenue,more than half of what America collected in total corporate taxes.The second flaw is that America levies lax on a company's income no matter where in the world it is eamed.In contrast,every other large rich country taxes only income eamed within its borders.Here,too,America's system is absurdly ineffective at collecting money.Firms do not have to pay tax on foreign profits until Lhey bring them back home.Not surprisingly,many do not:American multinationals have some$2 trillion sittiry;on their foreign units'balance-sheets,and growing.All this imposes big costs on the economy.The high rate discourages investment and loopholes distort it,because decisions are driven by tax considerations rather than a project's economic merits.The tax rate companies actually pay varies wildly,depending on cheir type of business and the creativity of their lawyers:some pay close to zero,others the fuU 35%.But as other countries chopped their rates and America's stayed the same,the incentive to flee grew.A possible solution is to lower the corporate rate,eliminate tax breaks and move America from a worldwide system to a territonal one.We can infer from Paragraph 4 that______A.some tax reduction in America might be irrationalB.most rich countries in OECD have sound tax systemsC.America's corporate tax rale is the highesL in the worldD.American firms raise less revenue than other countries
Which of the following best states the author’s attitude toward the information that scholars have gathered about Proust’s writing in 1909？( ) A.The author is disappointed that no new documents have come to light since Fallois’speculations. B.The author is dissatisfied because there are too many gaps and inconsistencies in the drafts. C.The author is confident that Fallois’s 1954 guess has been proved largely correct，but regrets that still more detailed documentation concerning Proust’s transition from the essay to the novel has not emerged. D.The author is satisfied that the facts of Proust’s life in 1909 have been thoroughly established，but believes such documents as drafts and correspondence are only of limited value in a critical assessment of Proust’s writing.
Maoris have adopted many aspects of（）and more and more New Zealanders now share in the rich heritage of（）AAmerican culture/Asian cultureBWestern culture/Asian cultureCAmerican culture/Maori cultureDWestern culture/Maori culture
Since 1991,the goals set in the plan（）A、have been largely achievedB、have largely not been achievedC、have been achieved in some significant areasD、have not been achieved at all
单选题What is in common between Sweden and Finland on alcohol issue?AThey have the same alcohol culture.BBoth have a decline in alcohol consumption in recent years among the youth,CIncrease in alcohol consumption is partly due to import from their neighboring countries.DThere was once a tax cut on alcohol in both countries.
单选题Rich people in Britain have been hunting foxes _____.Afor recreationBin the interests of the farmersCto limit the fox populationDto show off their wealth
单选题Passage2Itused to be that people were proud to work for the same company for the whole oftheir working lives. They’d get a gold watch at the end of their productiveyears and a dinner featuring speeches by their bosses praising their loyalty.But today’s rich capitalists have regressed to the “survival of the fittest”ideas and their loyalty extends not to their workers or even to theirstockholders but only to themselves. Instead of giving out gold watches worth ahundred or so dollars for forty or so years of work, they grab tens and evenhundreds of millions of dollars as they sell for their own profit the companythey may have been with for only a few years. Thenew rich selfishly act on their own to unfairly grab the wealth that thecountry as a whole has produceThetop 1 percent of the population now has wealth equal to the whole bottom 95percent and they want more. Their selfishness is most shamelessly expressed indownsizing and outsourcing because these business maneuvers don’t act to createnew jobs as the founder of new industries used to do, but only out jobs whilekeeping the money value of what those jobs produced for themselves. Tokeep the money machine working smoothly the rich have bought all thepoliticians from the top down. The president himself is constantly leavingWashington and the business at the nation because he is summoned to “fundraisingdinners” where fat cats pay a thousand or so dollars a plate to warm their wayinto government not through service but through donations of vast amounts ofmoney. Once on the inside they have both political parties busily tearing upall the regulations that protect the rest of us from the greed of the rich. Themiddle class used to be loyal to the free enterprise system. In the past, thepeople of the middle class mostly thought they’d be rich themselves someday orhave a good shot at becoming rich. But nowadays income is being distributedmore and more unevenly and corporate loyalty is a thing of the past. The middleclass may also wake up to forget its loyalty to the so-called free enterprisesystem altogether and the government which governs only the rest of us whileletting the corporations do what they please with our jobs. As things stand, ifsomebody doesn’t wake up, the middle class is on a path to being downsized allthe way to the bottom of society.The rich try to sway the policy of the government by ____.Aoccupying important positions in both political partiesBmaking monetary contributions to decision-makersCpleasing the public with generous donationsDconstantly hosting fundraising dinners
单选题Passage2Itused to be that people were proud to work for the same company for the whole oftheir working lives. They’d get a gold watch at the end of their productiveyears and a dinner featuring speeches by their bosses praising their loyalty.But today’s rich capitalists have regressed to the “survival of the fittest”ideas and their loyalty extends not to their workers or even to theirstockholders but only to themselves. Instead of giving out gold watches worth ahundred or so dollars for forty or so years of work, they grab tens and evenhundreds of millions of dollars as they sell for their own profit the companythey may have been with for only a few years. Thenew rich selfishly act on their own to unfairly grab the wealth that thecountry as a whole has produceThetop 1 percent of the population now has wealth equal to the whole bottom 95percent and they want more. Their selfishness is most shamelessly expressed indownsizing and outsourcing because these business maneuvers don’t act to createnew jobs as the founder of new industries used to do, but only out jobs whilekeeping the money value of what those jobs produced for themselves. Tokeep the money machine working smoothly the rich have bought all thepoliticians from the top down. The president himself is constantly leavingWashington and the business at the nation because he is summoned to “fundraisingdinners” where fat cats pay a thousand or so dollars a plate to warm their wayinto government not through service but through donations of vast amounts ofmoney. Once on the inside they have both political parties busily tearing upall the regulations that protect the rest of us from the greed of the rich. Themiddle class used to be loyal to the free enterprise system. In the past, thepeople of the middle class mostly thought they’d be rich themselves someday orhave a good shot at becoming rich. But nowadays income is being distributedmore and more unevenly and corporate loyalty is a thing of the past. The middleclass may also wake up to forget its loyalty to the so-called free enterprisesystem altogether and the government which governs only the rest of us whileletting the corporations do what they please with our jobs. As things stand, ifsomebody doesn’t wake up, the middle class is on a path to being downsized allthe way to the bottom of society.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?ATo call on the middle class to remain loyal to the free enterprise systemBTo warn the government of the shrinking of the American middle classCTo persuade the government to change its current economic policiesDTo urge the middle class to wake up and protect their own interests
单选题Passage2Itused to be that people were proud to work for the same company for the whole oftheir working lives. They’d get a gold watch at the end of their productiveyears and a dinner featuring speeches by their bosses praising their loyalty.But today’s rich capitalists have regressed to the “survival of the fittest”ideas and their loyalty extends not to their workers or even to theirstockholders but only to themselves. Instead of giving out gold watches worth ahundred or so dollars for forty or so years of work, they grab tens and evenhundreds of millions of dollars as they sell for their own profit the companythey may have been with for only a few years. Thenew rich selfishly act on their own to unfairly grab the wealth that thecountry as a whole has produceThetop 1 percent of the population now has wealth equal to the whole bottom 95percent and they want more. Their selfishness is most shamelessly expressed indownsizing and outsourcing because these business maneuvers don’t act to createnew jobs as the founder of new industries used to do, but only out jobs whilekeeping the money value of what those jobs produced for themselves. Tokeep the money machine working smoothly the rich have bought all thepoliticians from the top down. The president himself is constantly leavingWashington and the business at the nation because he is summoned to “fundraisingdinners” where fat cats pay a thousand or so dollars a plate to warm their wayinto government not through service but through donations of vast amounts ofmoney. Once on the inside they have both political parties busily tearing upall the regulations that protect the rest of us from the greed of the rich. Themiddle class used to be loyal to the free enterprise system. In the past, thepeople of the middle class mostly thought they’d be rich themselves someday orhave a good shot at becoming rich. But nowadays income is being distributedmore and more unevenly and corporate loyalty is a thing of the past. The middleclass may also wake up to forget its loyalty to the so-called free enterprisesystem altogether and the government which governs only the rest of us whileletting the corporations do what they please with our jobs. As things stand, ifsomebody doesn’t wake up, the middle class is on a path to being downsized allthe way to the bottom of society.The author is strongly critical of today’s rich capitalists for ____.Anot giving necessary assistance to laid-off workersBmaximizing their profits at the expense of workersCnot setting up long-term goals for their companiesDrewarding only those who are considered the fittest
单选题The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries ______.Aheavy industry becomes more energy-intensiveBincome loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil pricesCmanufacturing industry has been seriously squeezedDoil price changes have no significant impact on GDP
单选题Which of the following is true?AMany immigrants claim much more benefits than the locals.BAll research findings show that the competition from unskilled immigrants depresses the wages of unskilled locals.CMigrants into rich countries tend to send cash back to their families and have become a drain on the public purse.DDiasporas help rich countries establish business ties with emerging markets in their home countries.
单选题What does the author imply about lichens in Paragraph 1?AThey require a lot of moisture to live.BThey primarily live in cold places.CThey can live anywhere except around people.DThey have adapted to a wide variety of environments.
单选题The estimates in Economic Outlookshow that in rich countries ______.Aheavy industry becomes more energy-intensiveBincome loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil pricesCmanufacturing industry has been seriously squeezedDoil price changes have no significant impact on GDP
单选题What does “brain drain” refer to?AAn activity that uses the brain to create a lot of wealth.BApplying for positions in foreign countries.CThe movement of professional people to a rich nation.DThe training of skilled individuals in developed countries.
单选题The reason why turtles are imported into China lies in that _________.Aturtles are famous only in ChinaBpeople in other parts of the world don’t have the habit of eating turtlesCthe demand is greater than supply in ChinaDthese countries are rich in wild turtles
问答题His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadn't done heavy manual work in this life-he could have been a rich man.
单选题What does the author imply by the final statement: “If that library had not burned down, maybe archeologists today would not have to spend so much of their time sorting through ancient trash!”?AThe author implies that if the library had not burned down, archeologists would be able to appreciate the full cultural legacy of King Ptolemy II Philadelphos.BThe author implies that if the library had not burned down, scholars today would have not only the full works of Posidippus, but also those of Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides.CThe author implies that if the libravv had not burned down, the scrolls contained within the library would have decomposed before modern times in any event, because they would not have been preserved in the dry heat of the desert.DThe author implies that if the library had not burned down, it might have contained more complete details about the life and culture of Hellenistic Egypt than can be found in the papyrus fragments from ancient refuse dumps.EThe author implies that if the librarv had not burned down, the cultural awakening of the Renaissance might have occurred centuries earlier.