event-related potentials
event-related potentials
相关考题：
From the text, we can infer that the author[ A] favors the idea of putting children on a waiting list.[ B] agrees to test preschooler's cognitive potentials.[ C] thinks children should be better prepared academically[ D] disapproves of the undue pressure on preschoolers.
共用题干第三篇Controlling Robots with the MindBelle,our tiny monkey,was seated in her special chair inside a chamber at our Duke University lab. Her right hand grasped a joystick（操纵杆）as she watched a horizontal series of lights on a display panel.She knew that if a light suddenly shone and she moved the joystick left or right to correspond to its position,she would be sent a drop of fruit juice into her mouth.Belle wore a cap glued to her head.Under it were four plastic connectors,which fed arrays of microwires一each wire finer than the finest sewing thread一into different regions of Belle's motor cortex（脑皮层）,the brain tissue that plans movements and sends instructions. Each of the 100 microwires lay beside a single motor neuron（神经元）.When a neuron produced an electrical discharge,the adjacent microwire would capture the current and send it up through a small wiring bundle that ran from Belle's cap to a box of electronics on a table next to the booth.The box,in turn,was linked to two computers,one next door and the other half a country away.After months of hard work,we were about to test the idea that we could reliably translate the raw electrical activity in a living being's brain一Belle's mere thoughts一into signals that could direct the actions of a robot.We had assembled a multijointed robot arm in this room,away from Belle's view,which she would control for the first time.As soon as Belle's brain sensed a lit spot on the panel,electronics in the box running two real-time mathematical models would rapidly analyze the tiny action potentials produced by her brain cells.Our lab computer would convert the electrical patterns into instructions that would direct the robot arm.Six hundred miles north,in Cambridge,Mass,a different computer would produce the same actions in another robot arm built by Mandayam A. Srinivasan.Ifwe had done everything correctly,the two robot arms would behave as Belle's arm did,at exactly the same time.Finally the moment came.We randomly switched on lights in front of Belle,and she immediately moved her joystick back and forth to correspond to them.Our robot arm moved similarly to Belle's real arm.So did Srinivasan's.Belle and the robots moved in synchrony （同步）,like dancers choreographed（设计舞蹈动作）by the electrical impulses sparking in Belle's mind.In the two years since that day,our labs and several others have advanced neuroscience,computer science and microelectronics to create ways for rats,monkeys and eventually humans to control mechanical and electronic machines purely by"thinking through,"or imagining,the motions.Our immediate goal is to help a person who has been unable to move by a neurological（神经的）disorder or spinal cord（脊髓）injury, but whose motor cortex is spared,to operate a wheelchair or a robotic limb.Which of the following statements indicates the success of the experiment?A:Belle responded to the robots successfully.B:Belle and the robots danced beautifully.C:Belle and the robots responded to the lights at the same time.D:The two robots moved the joysticks successively.
共用题干To Survive or to Vanish1.Over 3.6 billion years ago,the first creature was born in the world.Since then,the earth started its era with life.The history of life on earth has been a history of interaction between living things and their surroundings.To a large extent,the physical form and the habits of the earth's vegetation and its animal life have been molded by the environment. Considering the whole span of earthly time,the opposite effect,in which life actually modifies its surroundings,has been relatively slight. Only in the present century has one species一man acquired significant power to alter the nature of his world.2.During the past 25 years,this power has not only become increasingly great but it has changed in character. The most alarming of all man's assaults upon the environment is the contamination of air,earth,rivers,and sea with dangerous and even lethal materials. This pollution is for the most part irrecoverable.In this now universal contamination of the environment,chemicals are the sinister partners of radiation in changing the very nature of the world the very nature of its life. Chemicals sprayed on croplands or forests or gardens lie long in soil,entering into living organisms, passing from one to another in a chain of poisoning and death.Or they pass mysteriously by underground streams until they emerge and combine into new forms that kill vegetation,sicken cattle,and work unknown harm on those who drink from once pure wells."Man can hardly even recognize the devils of his own creation,"as a scientist has said.3.Hundreds of millions of years have passed before the globe produced the life that now inhabits the earth.Given time not in years but in millennia life adjusts,and a balance has been reached.But in the modern world there is no time.4.The quick steps of change follows the impetuous pace of man rather than the deliberate pace of nature.Radiation is now the unnatural creation of man's tampering with the atom.The chemicals are the synthetic creations of man's inventive mind,having no counterparts in nature.5.To survive these chemicals would require not merely the years of one man's life but the life of generations.And even this,were it by some miracle possible,would be futile,for the new chemicals come from our laboratories in an endless stream;almost five hundred annually find their way into actual use in the United States alone.Among them are many that are used in man's war against nature.Since the mid l940's over 200 basic chemicals have been created for use in killing insects,weeds,and other organisms described as"pests".6.It is not my contention that chemical insecticides must never he used.I do contend that we have put poisonous and biologically potent chemicals indiscriminately into the hands of persons largely or wholly ignorant of their potentials for harm. We have subjected enormous numbers of people to contact with these poisons,without their consent and often without their knowledge.I contend,furthermore,that we have allowed these chemicals to be used with little or no advance investigation of their effect on soil,water,wildlife,and man himself. Future generations are unlikely to forgive our lack of concern for the integrity of the natural world that supports all life.Paragraph 1_______A:Man should be cautious in chemical use.B:It takes generations for mankind to adapt themselves to the chemicals.C:Chemicals are human's inventionD:Human's power increases and has changed its character in the past quarter century.E:The new change in the relationship between earth and its creature一human's power playing a greater role in changing the worldF: Modern world gives no time for nature to adjust to human.
名词解释题oxidation-reduction potentials, redox potentials (氧还电位)