Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial一for 5 our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around,played with the same toys,and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape.Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side Next,the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across 18 trials each,the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing.This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design.The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail,facial features,and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn’t necessary,”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings,even when they display only simple social signals.“We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.Quin and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can________A.pickup social signals from non-living ratsB.distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile oneC.attain sociable traits through special trainingD.send out warning messages to their fellow
Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial一for 5 our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around,played with the same toys,and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape.Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side Next,the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across 18 trials each,the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing.This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design.The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail,facial features,and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn’t necessary,”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings,even when they display only simple social signals.“We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.Quin and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can________
A.pickup social signals from non-living rats
B.distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one
C.attain sociable traits through special training
D.send out warning messages to their fellow
B.distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one
C.attain sociable traits through special training
D.send out warning messages to their fellow
参考解析
解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词Quinn and her colleagues和a test定位到第一段第二句。To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.为了查明这是否延伸到了非生物，Quinn和她的同事测试了老鼠能否从机器老鼠身上探测到社会信号。正确答案A是原文的同义替换。选项B的distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one区分友好的老鼠和敌对的老鼠，并未提及，是常识性干扰。选项C的attain sociable traits through special training通过特殊训练获得社交品质，原文并未提及，属于无中生有。选项D的send out warning messages to their fellow向它们的同伴发出警告信息，原文并未提及，属于无中生有。
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Everyone needs friends, and if you fail to make friends, you should examine yourself and see if there is something wrong with your personality.Maybe you have social faults such as snobbishness, talkativeness, using slang, etc., which drive away your new acquaintances. Whatever your social faults may be, look at them honestly, and make a real effort to correct them.To be friendly you must feel friendly. Cheerfulness is the basis of friendliness. A cheerful person smiles. A smile is a magnet which draws people. Smile at someone and you are almost sure to get a smile in return.A friendly person does his best to make a stranger feel at home, wherever he happens to be. Put yourself in the other fellow's place and make him feel welcome.Try to remember names. It makes your new acquaintances feel happy when you call them by their names. It gives them the feeling that they have made an impression on you and that must mean something to them because you remember them.If you do not agree with other people on a certain matter, you should appear to be friendly. Do not argue, but discuss. You always lose friends if you argue too much.A friendly person thinks of others, and does not insist on his own “rights”. People who refuse to consider others have few friends.Finally, don't treat people only according to their social position. Really friendly people respect everyone at all times.(1)Those who fail to make friends may ______.A、discuss with others rather than argue with othersB、remember the names of new acquaintancesC、insist on his own rights and fail to stand in others' shoesD、make a stranger feel at home(2)What does the word “magnet” mean in the third paragraph?A、brushB、sth. beautifulC、signD、sth. attractive(3)What can we infer from this passage?A、Others will smile at you if you smile at them.B、If you respect people no matter who they are, you'll make more friends.C、Snobbishness, talkativeness and using slang are some social faults.D、None of the above.(4)According to the passage, which of the following statement is NOT true?A、Making friends has sth. to do with your personality.B、Cheerful smiles can make you friendly in others' eyes.C、Friendly people will treat others according to their social position.D、Thinking of others can bring you more friends.(5)The purpose of the passage is ________.A、how to correct social faultsB、how to build good personalityC、how to feel at home with strangersD、how to make friends
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Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial一for 5 our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around,played with the same toys,and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape.Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side Next,the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across 18 trials each,the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing.This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design.The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail,facial features,and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn’t necessary,”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings,even when they display only simple social signals.“We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.It can be learned from the text that rats________A.appear to be adaptable to new surroundingsB.are more socially active than other animalsC.behave differently from children in socializingD.are more sensitive to social cues than expected
共用题干Spacing in Animals1. Any observant person has noticed that a wild animal will allow a man or other potential enemy to approach only up to a given distance before it flees.“Flight distance”is the terms used for this interspecies spacing. As a general rule,there is a positive relationship between the size of an ani-mal and its flight distance-the larger the animal,the greater the distance it must keep between itself and the enemy.An antelope will flee when the enemy is as much as five hundred yards a-way .The wall lizard's flight distance,on the other hand,is about six feet. Flight is the basic means of survival for mobile creatures.2. Critical distance apparently is present wherever and whenever there is a flight reaction.“Criti-cal distance”includes the narrow zone separating flight distance from attack distance.A lion in a zoo will flee from an approaching man until it meets a barrier that it cannot overcome.If the man continues the approach,he soon penetrates the lion's critical distance,at which point the cor-nered lion reverses direction and begins slowly to stalk the man.3 .Social animals need to stay in touch with each other. Loss of contact with the group can be fatal for a variety of reasons including exposure to enemies.Social distance is not simply the dis- tance at which an animal will lose contact with his group-that is,the distance at which it can no longer see,hear,or smell the group-it is rather a psychological distance,one at which the animal apparently begins to feel anxious when he exceeds its limits.We can think of it as a hidden band that contains the group.4. Social distance varies from species to species.It is quite short-apparently only a few yardsamong some animals,and quite long among others.5. Social distance is not always rigidly fixed but is determined in part by the situation.When the young of apes and humans are mobile but not yet under control of the mother's voice,social distance may be the length of her reach.This is readily observed among the baboons in a zoo.When the baby approaches a certain point,the mother reaches out to seize the end of its tail and pull it back to her. When added control is needed because of danger,social distance shrinks.To show this in man,one has only to watch a family with a number of small children holding hands as they cross a busy street. If an animal's critical distance is penetrated,it will______.A: differs among animal speciesB: to psychological distanceC: begin to attackD: to physiological distanceE: distance between an animal and its enemy before fleeingF: distance between certain animal species before fleeing
共用题干Spacing in Animals1. Any observant person has noticed that a wild animal will allow a man or other potential enemy to approach only up to a given distance before it flees.“Flight distance”is the terms used for this interspecies spacing. As a general rule,there is a positive relationship between the size of an ani-mal and its flight distance-the larger the animal,the greater the distance it must keep between itself and the enemy.An antelope will flee when the enemy is as much as five hundred yards a-way .The wall lizard's flight distance,on the other hand,is about six feet. Flight is the basic means of survival for mobile creatures.2. Critical distance apparently is present wherever and whenever there is a flight reaction.“Criti-cal distance”includes the narrow zone separating flight distance from attack distance.A lion in a zoo will flee from an approaching man until it meets a barrier that it cannot overcome.If the man continues the approach,he soon penetrates the lion's critical distance,at which point the cor-nered lion reverses direction and begins slowly to stalk the man.3 .Social animals need to stay in touch with each other. Loss of contact with the group can be fatal for a variety of reasons including exposure to enemies.Social distance is not simply the dis- tance at which an animal will lose contact with his group-that is,the distance at which it can no longer see,hear,or smell the group-it is rather a psychological distance,one at which the animal apparently begins to feel anxious when he exceeds its limits.We can think of it as a hidden band that contains the group.4. Social distance varies from species to species.It is quite short-apparently only a few yardsamong some animals,and quite long among others.5. Social distance is not always rigidly fixed but is determined in part by the situation.When the young of apes and humans are mobile but not yet under control of the mother's voice,social distance may be the length of her reach.This is readily observed among the baboons in a zoo.When the baby approaches a certain point,the mother reaches out to seize the end of its tail and pull it back to her. When added control is needed because of danger,social distance shrinks.To show this in man,one has only to watch a family with a number of small children holding hands as they cross a busy street. Paragraph 5______A: Philosophical distanceB: Flight distanceC: Social distance is determined in part by the situationD: Critical distanceE: Social distanceF: Physical distance
共用题干Spacing in Animals1. Any observant person has noticed that a wild animal will allow a man or other potential enemy to approach only up to a given distance before it flees.“Flight distance”is the terms used for this interspecies spacing. As a general rule,there is a positive relationship between the size of an ani-mal and its flight distance-the larger the animal,the greater the distance it must keep between itself and the enemy.An antelope will flee when the enemy is as much as five hundred yards a-way .The wall lizard's flight distance,on the other hand,is about six feet. Flight is the basic means of survival for mobile creatures.2. Critical distance apparently is present wherever and whenever there is a flight reaction.“Criti-cal distance”includes the narrow zone separating flight distance from attack distance.A lion in a zoo will flee from an approaching man until it meets a barrier that it cannot overcome.If the man continues the approach,he soon penetrates the lion's critical distance,at which point the cor-nered lion reverses direction and begins slowly to stalk the man.3 .Social animals need to stay in touch with each other. Loss of contact with the group can be fatal for a variety of reasons including exposure to enemies.Social distance is not simply the dis- tance at which an animal will lose contact with his group-that is,the distance at which it can no longer see,hear,or smell the group-it is rather a psychological distance,one at which the animal apparently begins to feel anxious when he exceeds its limits.We can think of it as a hidden band that contains the group.4. Social distance varies from species to species.It is quite short-apparently only a few yardsamong some animals,and quite long among others.5. Social distance is not always rigidly fixed but is determined in part by the situation.When the young of apes and humans are mobile but not yet under control of the mother's voice,social distance may be the length of her reach.This is readily observed among the baboons in a zoo.When the baby approaches a certain point,the mother reaches out to seize the end of its tail and pull it back to her. When added control is needed because of danger,social distance shrinks.To show this in man,one has only to watch a family with a number of small children holding hands as they cross a busy street. According to the passage,social distance refers______.A: differs among animal speciesB: to psychological distanceC: begin to attackD: to physiological distanceE: distance between an animal and its enemy before fleeingF: distance between certain animal species before fleeing
Can animals be made to work for us?Some scientists think that one day animals may be trained?to do a number of simple jobs that are now done by human beings.They point out that at a circus,for example,we may see elephants,monkeys,dogs and other ani-mals doing quite skillful things.Perhaps you have seen them on the television or in a film.If you?watch closely,you may notice that the trainer always gives the animal a piece of candy or a piece of?fruit as a reward.The scientists say that many different animals may be trained to do a number of?simple jobs if they know they will get a reward for doing them.Of course,as we know,dogs can be used to guard a house,and soldiers in both old and modern?times have used geese to give warning by making a lot of noise when a stranger or an enemy comes?near.But it may be possible to train animals to work in factories.In Russia,for example,pigeons?which are birds with good eyesight,are being nsed to watch out for faults in small steel balls that are?being made in one factory.When the pigeon sees a ball which looks different from others,it touches a?steel plate with its beak.This turns on a light to warn people in the factory.At the same time a few?seeds are given as a reward.It takes three to five weeks to train a pigeon to do this and one pigeon?can inspect 3,000 to 4,000 balls an hour.Apes have been used in America in helping to make cars,and scientists believe that these large?monkeys may be one day gather crops and even drive trains.What made scientists think animal can be made to work for us one day?A.Animals are very skillful at a circus.B.They are big and strong.C.Some animals are as clever as human beings.D.Animals carl be trained because they like to get something as a reward.
问答题With computers, people can now shop, bank, work and communicate from the home. The danger is that people could become isolated from each other and lose social skills which help them to get along with others. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? Write a composition of about 400 words to discuss this topic.
单选题Which of the following statements is NOT made in the passage?AHuman beings are rhythmical physiologically and emotionally.BRhythm is what differentiates humans from other animals.CHuman beings seem to be born with a love for rhythm.
单选题According to the author, at a big party, small talk is used with the purpose of ______.Amaking both others and yourself feel at easeBexcluding those you don’t like from joining youCkeeping your voice low so only your friends can hear youDcomforting those who feel lonely
单选题The sl：shoppingList and sl：item tags output a shopping list to the response and are used as follows： 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. The tag handler for sl：shoppingList is ShoppingListTag and the tag handler for sl：item is ItemSimpleTag.ShoppingListTag extends BodyTagSupport and ItemSimpleTag extends SimpleTagSupport.Which is true？（）AItemSimpleTag can find the enclosing instance of ShoppingListTag by calling getParent（） and castingthe result to ShoppingListTag.BShoppingListTag can find the child instances of ItemSimpleTag by calling super.getChildren（） andcasting each to an ItemSimpleTag.CIt is impossible for ItemSimpleTag and ShoppingListTag to find each other in a tag hierarchy becauseone is a Simple tag and the other is a Classic tag.DShoppingListTag can find the child instances of ItemSimpleTag by calling getChildren（） on thePageContext and casting each to an ItemSimpleTag.EItemSimpleTag can find the enclosing instance of ShoppingListTag by calling findAncestorWithClass（）on the PageContext and casting the result to ShoppingListTag.
单选题For a child the first element in his learning by imitation is______.Athe need to find an authorityBthe need to find a way to achieve the desired resultCthe need for more affection from his parentsDthe desire to meet the standards of his social group
问答题Only one other word can be made from all the letters of INSATIABLE. Can you find it?