“Universal history,the history of what man has accomplished in this world,is at bottom the History of the Great Men who have worked here,”wrote the Victorian Thomas Carlyle.Well,not any more it is not.Suddenly,Britain looks to have fallen out with its favorite historical form.This could be no more than a passing literary craze,but it also points to a broader truth about how we now approach the past:less concerned with learning from forefathers and more interested in feeling their pain.Today,we want empathy,not inspiration.From the earliest days of the Renaissance,the writing of history meant recounting the exemplary lives of great men.In 1337,Petrarch began work on his rambling writing De Viris Illustribus—On Famous Men,highlighting the virtus（or virtue）of classical heroes.Petrarch celebrated their greatness in conquering fortune and rising to the top.This was the biographical tradition which Niccolo Machiavelli turned on its head.InThe Prince,he championed cunning,ruthlessness,and boldness,rather than virtue,mercy and justice,as the skills of successful leaders.Over time,the attributes of greatness shifted.The Romantics commemorated the leading painters and authors of their day,stressing the uniqueness of the artist’s personal experience rather than public glory.By contrast,the Victorian author Samuel Smiles wrote Self-Helpas a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers,industrialists and explorers.“The valuable examples which they furnish of the power of self-help,of patient purpose,resolute working and steadfast integrity,issuing in the formation of truly noble and manly character,exhibit,”wrote Smiles,“what it is in the power of each to accomplish for himself.”His biographies of James Watt,Richard Arkwright and Josian Wedgwood were held up as beacons to guide the working man through his difficult life.This was all a bit bourgeois for Thomas Carlyle,who focused his biographies on the truly heroic lives of Martin Luther,Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte.These epochal figures represented lives hard to imitate,but to be acknowledged as possessing higher authority than mere mortals.Not everyone was convinced by such bombast.“The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles,”wrote Marx and Engels in The Communist Manifesto.For them,history did nothing,it possessed no immense wealth nor waged battles:“It is man,real,living man who does all that.”And history should be the story of the masses and their record of struggle,As such,it needed to appreciate the economic realities,the social contexts and power relations in which each epoch stood.For:“Men make their own history,but they do not make it just as they please;they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves,but under circumstances directly found,given and transmitted from the past.”This was the tradition which revolutionized our appreciation of the past.In place of Thomas Carlyle,Britain nurtured Christopher Hill,EP Thompson and Eric Hobsbawm.History from below stood alongside biographies of great men.Whole new realms of understanding—from gender to race to cultural studies—were opened up as scholars unpicked the multiplicity of lost societies.And it transformed public history too:downstairs became just as fascinating as upstairs.Petrarch_____A.emphasized the virtue of classical heroes.B.highlighted the public glory of the leadingC.focused on epochal figures whose lives wereD.opened up new realms of understanding theE.held that history sh
“Universal history,the history of what man has accomplished in this world,is at bottom the History of the Great Men who have worked here,”wrote the Victorian Thomas Carlyle.Well,not any more it is not.Suddenly,Britain looks to have fallen out with its favorite historical form.This could be no more than a passing literary craze,but it also points to a broader truth about how we now approach the past:less concerned with learning from forefathers and more interested in feeling their pain.Today,we want empathy,not inspiration.From the earliest days of the Renaissance,the writing of history meant recounting the exemplary lives of great men.In 1337,Petrarch began work on his rambling writing De Viris Illustribus—On Famous Men,highlighting the virtus（or virtue）of classical heroes.Petrarch celebrated their greatness in conquering fortune and rising to the top.This was the biographical tradition which Niccolo Machiavelli turned on its head.InThe Prince,he championed cunning,ruthlessness,and boldness,rather than virtue,mercy and justice,as the skills of successful leaders.Over time,the attributes of greatness shifted.The Romantics commemorated the leading painters and authors of their day,stressing the uniqueness of the artist’s personal experience rather than public glory.By contrast,the Victorian author Samuel Smiles wrote Self-Helpas a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers,industrialists and explorers.“The valuable examples which they furnish of the power of self-help,of patient purpose,resolute working and steadfast integrity,issuing in the formation of truly noble and manly character,exhibit,”wrote Smiles,“what it is in the power of each to accomplish for himself.”His biographies of James Watt,Richard Arkwright and Josian Wedgwood were held up as beacons to guide the working man through his difficult life.This was all a bit bourgeois for Thomas Carlyle,who focused his biographies on the truly heroic lives of Martin Luther,Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte.These epochal figures represented lives hard to imitate,but to be acknowledged as possessing higher authority than mere mortals.Not everyone was convinced by such bombast.“The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles,”wrote Marx and Engels in The Communist Manifesto.For them,history did nothing,it possessed no immense wealth nor waged battles:“It is man,real,living man who does all that.”And history should be the story of the masses and their record of struggle,As such,it needed to appreciate the economic realities,the social contexts and power relations in which each epoch stood.For:“Men make their own history,but they do not make it just as they please;they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves,but under circumstances directly found,given and transmitted from the past.”This was the tradition which revolutionized our appreciation of the past.In place of Thomas Carlyle,Britain nurtured Christopher Hill,EP Thompson and Eric Hobsbawm.History from below stood alongside biographies of great men.Whole new realms of understanding—from gender to race to cultural studies—were opened up as scholars unpicked the multiplicity of lost societies.And it transformed public history too:downstairs became just as fascinating as upstairs.Petrarch_____
A.emphasized the virtue of classical heroes.
B.highlighted the public glory of the leading
C.focused on epochal figures whose lives were
D.opened up new realms of understanding the
E.held that history sh
B.highlighted the public glory of the leading
C.focused on epochal figures whose lives were
D.opened up new realms of understanding the
E.held that history sh
参考解析
解析：特征词比对根据题干关键词Petrarch定位至第三段第二句和第三句。第二句中彼得拉克的观点是“highlighting the virtus（or virtue）of classical heroes”，第三句中他的观点是“celebrated their greatness in conquering fortune and rising to the top”。对照备选项发现A项“emphasized the virtue of classical heroes”是彼得拉克在第二句中观点的同义替换：选项中emphasize和文中的highlight意思都为“强调”，可以迅速判定答案为A项。
相关考题：
What is the text mainly about?A. The research into war history.B. The finding of a forgotten hero.C. The pilots of the two world wars.D.The importance of military studies.
Has changed the way people buy,sell,hire,and,organize business activities in more ways and more rapidly than any 0ther technolgy in the history of business（ ）.A.EDIB.Web pageC.The InternetD.Electronic Funds Transfers
Text 4No man has been more harshly judged than Machiavelli, especially in the two centuries follow-ing his death. But he has since found many able champions and the tide has turned. The prince has been termed a manual for tyrants, the effect of which has been most harmful. But were Machiavelli's doctrines really new? Did he discover them? He merely had the frankness and cour- age to write down what everybody was thinking and what everybody knew. He merely gives us the impressions he had received from a long and intimate intercourse with princes and the affairs of state. It was Lord Bacon who said that Machiavelli tells us what princes do, not what they ought to do. When Machiavelli takes Caesar Borgia as a model, he does not praise him as a hero at all, but merely as a prince who was capable of attaining the end in view. The life of the state was the prima- ry object. It must be maintained. And Machiavelli has laid down the principles, based upon his stud-y and wide experience, by which this may be accomplished. He wrote from the view-point of the politician-not of the moralist. What is good politics may be bad morals, and in fact, by a strange fatality, where morals and politics clash, the latter generally gets the upper hand. And will anyone contend that the principles set forth by Machiavelli in his Prince or his Discourses have entirely per- ished from the earth? Has diplomacy been entirely stripped of fraud and duplicity? Let anyone read the famous eighteenth chapter of The Prince:"ln what Manner Princes should Keep their Faith,"and he will be convinced that what was true nearly four hundred years ago, is quite as true today.Of the remaining works of Machiavelli the most important is the History of Florence written be-tween 1521 and 1525, and dedicated to Clement VII. This book is merely a rapid review of the MiddleAges, and as part of it the history of Florence. Machiavelli's method has been criticized for adheringat times too closely to the chroniclers of his time, and at others rejecting their testimony without ap-parent reason, while in its details the authority of his History is often questionable.lt is the straightfor-ward, logical narrative, which always holds the interest of the reader, that is the greatest charm ofthe History.56. It can be inferred from the beginning of the text that[ A] many people used to think highly of Machiavelli.[ B] Machiavelli had been very influential among the rulers.[ C] Machiavelli was widely read among his contemporaries.[ D] Machiavelli has been a target of criticism throughout history.
The author's opinion on Machiavelli's History of Florence is that[A] history has much to do with the person who records it.[B] the charm lies in the style. rather than in the content.[ C] most people failed to read Machiavelli's intention in it.[D] any history of this kind should be written in this way.
听力原文： It's no secret that throughout history common stock has outperformed most financial instruments. If an investor plans to have an investment for a long period of time, then their portfolio should be comprised mostly of stocks ; however, investors who don't have this kind of time should diversify their portfolios. For this reason, the concept of "asset allocation" was developed. Asset allocation is an investment portfolio technique that aims to balance risk and create diversification by dividing assets among major categories. The underlying principle of asset allocation is that the older a person gets, the less risk he or she should face. After you retire you may have to depend on your savings as your only source of income.28. Throughout history, what kind of stock has outperformed most financial instruments?29.What is the purpose of asset allocation?30.What is the principle underlying the concept of asset allocation?(28)A．preferred stockB．common stockC．concept stockD．cynical stock
The history of nursing _____ the history of man.A、as old asB、 is old, also old isC、that is as old asD、is as old as
Nobody but Jack and Jane () made great progress in the history examination this time. A、haveB、hasC、hadD、has been
根据下列材料，请回答 41～45 题：Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the left column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEERT 1.（10 points）“Universal history, the history of what man has accomplished in this world, is at bottom the History of the Great Men who have worked here,” wrote the Victorian sage Thomas Carlyle. Well, not any more it is not.Suddenly, Britain looks to have fallen out with its favourite historical form. This could be no more than a passing literary craze, but it also points to a broader truth about how we now approach the past: less concerned with learning from forefathers and more interested in feeling their pain. Today, we want empathy, not inspiration.From the earliest days of the Renaissance, the writing of history meant recounting the exemplary lives of great men. In 1337, Petrarch began work on his rambling writing De Viris Illustribus - On Famous Men, highlighting the virtus （or virtue） of classical heroes. Petrarch celebrated their greatness in conquering fortune and rising to the top. This was the biographical tradition which Niccolo Machiavelli turned on its head. In The Prince, the championed cunning, ruthlessness, and boldness, rather than virtue, mercy and justice, as the skills of successful leaders.Over time, the attributes of greatness shifted. The Romantics commemorated the leading painters and authors of their day, stressing the uniqueness of the artist's personal experience rather than public glory. By contrast, the Victorian author Samual Smiles wrote Self-Help as a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers , industrialists and explores . "The valuable examples which they furnish of the power of self-help, if patient purpose, resolute working and steadfast integrity, issuing in the formulation of truly noble and many character, exhibit,"wrote Smiles."what it is in the power of each to accomplish for himself"His biographies of James Walt, Richard Arkwright and Josiah Wedgwood were held up as beacons to guide the working man through his difficult life.This was all a bit bourgeois for Thomas Carlyle, who focused his biographies on the truly heroic lives of Martin Luther, Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte. These epochal figures represented lives hard to imitate, but to be acknowledged as possessing higher authority than mere morals.Communist Manifesto. For them, history did nothing, it possessed no immense wealth nor waged battles:“It is man, real, living man who does all that.” And history should be the story of the masses and their record of struggle. As such, it needed to appreciate the economic realities, the social contexts and power relations in which each epoch stood. For:“Men make their own history, but they do not make it just as they please; they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances directly found, given and transmitted from the past.”This was the tradition which revolutionized our appreciation of the past. In place of Thomas Carlyle, Britain nurtured Christopher Hill, EP Thompson and Eric Hobsbawm. History from below stood alongside biographies of great men. Whole new realms of understanding - from gender to race to cultural studies - were opened up as scholars unpicked the multiplicity of lost societies. And it transformed public history too: downstairs became just as fascinating as upstairs.[A] emphasized the virtue ofclassical heroes. 41. Petrarch [B] highlighted the public glory ofthe leading artists. 42. Niccolo Machiavellli [C] focused on epochal figures whoselives were hard to imitate. 43. Samuel Smiles [D] opened up new realms of understandingthe great men in history. 44. Thomas Carlyle [E] held that history should be the storyof the masses and their record of struggle. 45. Marx and Engels [F] dismissed virtue as unnecessary forsuccessful leaders. [G] depicted the worthy lives of engineerindustrialists and explorers.第 41 题 请在（41）处填上最佳答案。
共用题干第一篇Women have contributed richly to the achievements of science and engineering in the United States.As pointed out by the National Women's History Project,it is unfortunate that many of these accomplishments have been forgotten,ignored,and even hidden as a result of cultural and social norms.In recent years,there have seen great strides in recognizing the contributions of women in all fields of study.The National Women's History Project,founded in 1980,has been one of the organizations to lead the way.It is an educational nonprofit organization whose mission is to recognize and celebrate the diverse and historic achievements of inventive women.Each year,the National Women's History Project selects women to honor them. Sometimes these honorees paved the way as pioneers;other times they built on the knowledge and work of those who came before them. They are women who advanced our medical science,thrilled us with literature,inspired us with their courage and leadership,and moved us with their art.What does the word"stride"refer to?A:Distance. B:Attack.C:Power. D:Improvement.
共用题干第一篇Women have contributed richly to the achievements of science and engineering in the United States.As pointed out by the National Women's History Project,it is unfortunate that many of these accomplishments have been forgotten,ignored,and even hidden as a result of cultural and social norms.In recent years,there have seen great strides in recognizing the contributions of women in all fields of study.The National Women's History Project,founded in 1980,has been one of the organizations to lead the way.It is an educational nonprofit organization whose mission is to recognize and celebrate the diverse and historic achievements of inventive women.Each year,the National Women's History Project selects women to honor them. Sometimes these honorees paved the way as pioneers;other times they built on the knowledge and work of those who came before them. They are women who advanced our medical science,thrilled us with literature,inspired us with their courage and leadership,and moved us with their art.Which of the following words can be the synonym of"mission"?A:Contribution. B:Plan.C:Work. D:Purpose.
共用题干第一篇Women have contributed richly to the achievements of science and engineering in the United States.As pointed out by the National Women's History Project,it is unfortunate that many of these accomplishments have been forgotten,ignored,and even hidden as a result of cultural and social norms.In recent years,there have seen great strides in recognizing the contributions of women in all fields of study.The National Women's History Project,founded in 1980,has been one of the organizations to lead the way.It is an educational nonprofit organization whose mission is to recognize and celebrate the diverse and historic achievements of inventive women.Each year,the National Women's History Project selects women to honor them. Sometimes these honorees paved the way as pioneers;other times they built on the knowledge and work of those who came before them. They are women who advanced our medical science,thrilled us with literature,inspired us with their courage and leadership,and moved us with their art.Which of the following about the National Women's History Project is not right?A:It is a nonprofit organization.B:It is to recognize various contributions of creative women.C:It is the first organization to recognize women's contributions in the United States.D:It honors women every year.
共用题干第一篇Women have contributed richly to the achievements of science and engineering in the United States.As pointed out by the National Women's History Project,it is unfortunate that many of these accomplishments have been forgotten,ignored,and even hidden as a result of cultural and social norms.In recent years,there have seen great strides in recognizing the contributions of women in all fields of study.The National Women's History Project,founded in 1980,has been one of the organizations to lead the way.It is an educational nonprofit organization whose mission is to recognize and celebrate the diverse and historic achievements of inventive women.Each year,the National Women's History Project selects women to honor them. Sometimes these honorees paved the way as pioneers;other times they built on the knowledge and work of those who came before them. They are women who advanced our medical science,thrilled us with literature,inspired us with their courage and leadership,and moved us with their art.What does the word"norm"mean?A:Misunderstanding.B:A standard that is generally acceptable.C:Development.D:The state of being normal.
共用题干第一篇Women have contributed richly to the achievements of science and engineering in the United States.As pointed out by the National Women's History Project,it is unfortunate that many of these accomplishments have been forgotten,ignored,and even hidden as a result of cultural and social norms.In recent years,there have seen great strides in recognizing the contributions of women in all fields of study.The National Women's History Project,founded in 1980,has been one of the organizations to lead the way.It is an educational nonprofit organization whose mission is to recognize and celebrate the diverse and historic achievements of inventive women.Each year,the National Women's History Project selects women to honor them. Sometimes these honorees paved the way as pioneers;other times they built on the knowledge and work of those who came before them. They are women who advanced our medical science,thrilled us with literature,inspired us with their courage and leadership,and moved us with their art.Who might become the honorees of the National Women's History Project?A:Female doctors.B:Female social activists.C:Female writers.D:All of the above.
One would think that in a world torn by economic problems,a world that constantly worries about economic affairs and talks of economic issues,the great economists would be as familiar as the great philosophers or statesmen.Instead they are oniy shadowy figures of the past,ancl the matters they so passionately debated are regarded with a kind of distant awe.Economics,it is said,is undeniably important,but it is cold and difficult,and best left to those who are at home in perplexing realms of thought.Nothing could be further from the truth.A man who thinks that economics is only a matter for professors forgets that this is the science that has sent men to the battlefield.A man who has looked into an economics textbook and concluded that economics is boring is like a man who has read a basic book on tactics and decided that the study of warfare must be dull No,the great economists pursued an inquiry as exciting-and as dangerous-as any the world has ever known.The ideas they dealt with,unlike the ideas of the great philosophers,did not make little difference to our daily working lives;the experiments they urged could not,like the scientists',be carried out in the isolation of a laboratory.The notions of the great economists were world-shaking,and their mistakes nothing short of calamitous."The ideas of economists and political philosophers,"wrote Lord Keynes,himself a great economist,"both when they are right and when they are wrong,are more powerful than is commonly unclerstood.Indeed the world is ruled by little else.Practical men,who believe themselves to be quite exempt from any intellectual influences,are usually the slaves of some departed economist.Madmen in authority,who hear voices in the air,are extracting their frenzy from some academic scribbler of a few years back.I am sure that the power of vested interests is vastly exaggerated compared with the gradual encroachment of ideas."The great economists can be called worldly philosophers,for they sought to embrace in a scheme of philosophy the most worldly of all of man's activities-his drive for wealth.It is not,perhaps,the most elegant kind of philosophy,but there is no more intriguing or more important one,Who would think to look for Order and Design in a poor family and a speculator breathlessly awaiting ruin,or seek Consistent Laws and Principles in a mob marching in a street and a greengrocer smiling at his customers?Yet it was the faith of the great economists that just such seemingly unrelated threads could be woven into a single fabric,that at a sufficient distance the chaotic world could be seen as an orderly progression,and the noise resolved into a harmony.
（ ）has changed the way people buy,sell,hire,and,organize business activities in more ways and more rapidly than any other technology in the history of business.A.EDIB.Web pageC.The InternetD.lectronic Funds Transfers
“Universal history,the history of what man has accomplished in this world,is at bottom the History of the Great Men who have worked here,”wrote the Victorian Thomas Carlyle.Well,not any more it is not.Suddenly,Britain looks to have fallen out with its favorite historical form.This could be no more than a passing literary craze,but it also points to a broader truth about how we now approach the past:less concerned with learning from forefathers and more interested in feeling their pain.Today,we want empathy,not inspiration.From the earliest days of the Renaissance,the writing of history meant recounting the exemplary lives of great men.In 1337,Petrarch began work on his rambling writing De Viris Illustribus—On Famous Men,highlighting the virtus（or virtue）of classical heroes.Petrarch celebrated their greatness in conquering fortune and rising to the top.This was the biographical tradition which Niccolo Machiavelli turned on its head.InThe Prince,he championed cunning,ruthlessness,and boldness,rather than virtue,mercy and justice,as the skills of successful leaders.Over time,the attributes of greatness shifted.The Romantics commemorated the leading painters and authors of their day,stressing the uniqueness of the artist’s personal experience rather than public glory.By contrast,the Victorian author Samuel Smiles wrote Self-Helpas a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers,industrialists and explorers.“The valuable examples which they furnish of the power of self-help,of patient purpose,resolute working and steadfast integrity,issuing in the formation of truly noble and manly character,exhibit,”wrote Smiles,“what it is in the power of each to accomplish for himself.”His biographies of James Watt,Richard Arkwright and Josian Wedgwood were held up as beacons to guide the working man through his difficult life.This was all a bit bourgeois for Thomas Carlyle,who focused his biographies on the truly heroic lives of Martin Luther,Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte.These epochal figures represented lives hard to imitate,but to be acknowledged as possessing higher authority than mere mortals.Not everyone was convinced by such bombast.“The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles,”wrote Marx and Engels in The Communist Manifesto.For them,history did nothing,it possessed no immense wealth nor waged battles:“It is man,real,living man who does all that.”And history should be the story of the masses and their record of struggle,As such,it needed to appreciate the economic realities,the social contexts and power relations in which each epoch stood.For:“Men make their own history,but they do not make it just as they please;they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves,but under circumstances directly found,given and transmitted from the past.”This was the tradition which revolutionized our appreciation of the past.In place of Thomas Carlyle,Britain nurtured Christopher Hill,EP Thompson and Eric Hobsbawm.History from below stood alongside biographies of great men.Whole new realms of understanding—from gender to race to cultural studies—were opened up as scholars unpicked the multiplicity of lost societies.And it transformed public history too:downstairs became just as fascinating as upstairs.Thomas Carlyle______A.emphasized the virtue of classical heroes.B.highlighted the public glory of the leadingC.focused on epochal figures whose lives wereD.opened up new realms of understanding theE.held that history sh
单选题Health Department statistics demonstrate that children reading high on glucose with family histories of diabetes are twice as likely as the general population to develop diabetes.Areading high on glucose with family histories of diabetesBwith high glucose readings whose families have a history of diabetesCwith high glucose readings and who have a diabetic history in the familyDhating high glucose readings and also hating histories of diabetes in their familyEwith a history of diabetes running in the family and with high glucose readings
单选题AMost of them have a long history.BMany of them are specialized libraries.CThey house more books than any other university library.DThey each have a copy of every book published in Britain.
单选题What is the passage mainly about?AThe events that took place in 1990.BThe history of the Internet.CThe invention of the Internet browser.DThe man who created the World Wide Web.
单选题What is NOT mentioned as a condition for receiving a scholarship?ABeing a person who has migrated to the countryBA good academic record at a secondary schoolCAcceptance for study in a science programDAn essay outlining an applicant’s personal history
单选题Although the Moon has not held great prominence in the history of religion, the veneration of the Moon by some societies has been practiced since early times.Amagic of Bsymbol for Cworship of Ddependence on
单选题During the Clinton presidency, the U.S. enjoyed more than any time in its history peace and economic well being.Athe U.S. enjoyed more than any time in its history peace and economic well beingBthe U.S. enjoying more than any other time in its history peace and economic well beingCmore peace and economic well being was enjoyed by the U.S. than any other timeDeconomic peace and well being was enjoyed by the U.S. more so than any other ~ time in the country’s historyEthe U.S. enjoyed more peace and economic well being than at any other time in its history
单选题Have you ever known the mobile phone has a ______ history? It is said that the world’s first mobile phone was made in the 1970s.AlongBfreshCcolorfulDshort
单选题The anthropologist was interested in studying the Maori people, particularly their history, rituals, and social relationships.Aparticularly their history, rituals, and social relationshipsBto study particularly their history, rituals, and social relationshipsCparticularly the study of their history, rituals, and social relationshipsDparticularly of their history and rituals in addition to their social relationshipsEparticularly studying their history, rituals, and social relationships
单选题AIt devotes more pages to spots events.BIt puts the horoscopes on the front page.CIt has a much longer history.DIt contains more pictures.
问答题Practice 9 Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate we can not consecrate we can not hallow — this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us — that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion— that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain — that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom — and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.