单选题The commissioner of a professional sports league dictated that teams could not put players on the field who had a greater than 20 percent chance of suffering a career-ending spinal injury during competition. The commissioner justified this decision as a way to protect players from injury while protecting the league from lawsuits.  Which of the following, if true, would most undermine the effectiveness of the commissioner’s new policy?ASpinal injuries can result in paralysis, loss of fine motor skills, and even death.BThe previous year, more than seven players in the league suffered career-ending spinal injuries.CThe players’ union agrees that the risk of injury is an inevitable part of playing the game at a professional level.DThere is no scientifically valid method for determining the likelihood of any player suffering a career-ending spinal injury at any given time.EPlayers barred from playing because of this new regulation will be entitled to compensation for lost wages at a level determined by the commissioner’s office.

单选题
The commissioner of a professional sports league dictated that teams could not put players on the field who had a greater than 20 percent chance of suffering a career-ending spinal injury during competition. The commissioner justified this decision as a way to protect players from injury while protecting the league from lawsuits.  Which of the following, if true, would most undermine the effectiveness of the commissioner’s new policy?
A

Spinal injuries can result in paralysis, loss of fine motor skills, and even death.

B

The previous year, more than seven players in the league suffered career-ending spinal injuries.

C

The players’ union agrees that the risk of injury is an inevitable part of playing the game at a professional level.

D

There is no scientifically valid method for determining the likelihood of any player suffering a career-ending spinal injury at any given time.

E

Players barred from playing because of this new regulation will be entitled to compensation for lost wages at a level determined by the commissioner’s office.


参考解析

解析:
如果没有有效的方法来判断哪位运动员有20%的几率受到损伤,那么行政长官的新政策就没有办法执行,故本题选D项。

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共用题干Most Adults in US Have Low Risk of Heart DiseaseMore than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years,according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent."I hope that these numbers will give physicians,researchers,health policy analysts,and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population,"lead author Dr.Earl S.Ford,from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta,said in a statement.The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects,between 20 and 79 years of age,who narticipated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994.Overall,82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent,15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent,and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group.By contrast,race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease,a large proportion have ahigh or immediate risk,Dr.Daniel S.Berman,from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles,and Dr.Nathan D.Wong,from the University of California at Irvine,note in a related editorial.Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward,they add. What's the proportion of US adults who have a risk of 10%~20%to develop heart disease? A:More than 80 percent. B:3 percent.C:15 percent. D:20 percent.

In a big decision,the Supreme Court overturned a 1992 federal law that had effectively banned all states except Nevada from legalizing sports betting.The court had no opinion about sports gambling itself.11 merely reasserted a constitutional restraint on federal power over the states.So before states rush to permit,regulate,and tax sports betting,they may want to first weigh the original reasons behind the now-defunct ban.The big reason given back then by Congress was to maintain sports as a public display of talent,effort,and teamwork-the very opposite of a belief in chance.The integrity of athletes lies in their ability to master the circumstances of a game.In sports,unforeseen circumstances are not considered luck but rather a challenge to test the skills of athletes.Sports should not be sullied by the false hopes of quick riches by gamblers pining for a"lucky break."Like society itself,sports rely on each person's desire to understand the causality of evenrs and make the best of them.Athletes know they cannot put faith in so-called fortune.Nor should governments.If states now boost sports betting by legatizing it,what message are they sending about athletics-in fact,about any physical or mental endeavor?According to Bill Bradley,a former NBA star and the then-senator who sponsored the 1992 law,placing bets on players makes them no better than roulette chips.Sports have a dignity thai defies those who want to see games turning on a twist of fate.Mr.Bradley also gives a second reason for governments not to push betting on sports.Should gambling be allowed on Little League games or middle-school athletics?Even New Jersey,which led the case against the 1992 act,did not want betting on its local teams.Up to now,most major professional sports leagues were opposed to lifting the federal ban.They feared athletes might throw a game or simply rig a play at the request of gambling agencies,as is often the case in many parts of the world.If games were seen as gamed,fans might flee.Now after this ruling,however,leagues might be tempted by the possibility they could get what is misnamed an"integrity fee,"or a percentage of gambling revenues from each game.States,too,appear tempted to gain tax revenue from sports gambling-although they should first look at how little Nevada has actually gainecl from sports betting in comparison to other types of gambling.The uncertainties of legalized,regulated sports gambling in the United States are very high.But one certainty remains:Sports must remain pure in their purpose as a contest of what athletes give in a game,not what betting can take from them.After the new ruling,major professional sports leagues would probablyA.keep fighting against sports betting.B.want to profit from sports betting.C.get stricter with sports integrity.D.try harder to please their fans.

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共用题干College Night Owls Have Lower GradesCollege students who are morning people tend to get better grades than those who are night owls(晚睡的人),according to University of North Texas researchers.They had 824 undergraduate(大学本科生的)students complete a health survey that includ-ed questions about sleep habits and daytime functioning,and found that students who are morning people had higher grade point averages(GPAs)than those who are night people."The finding that college students who are evening types have lower GPAs is a very important finding,sure to make its way into undergraduate psychology texts in the near future,along with the research showing that memory is improved by sleep,"study co-author Daniel J.Taylor said in a prepared statement."Further,these results suggest that it might be possible to improve academic performance by using chronotherapy(时间疗法)to help students retrain their biological clock to become more morning types,"Taylor said.The research was expected to be presented Monday at SLEEP,the annual meeting of the As-sociated Professional(专业的)Sleep Societies ,in Baltimore.In other findings expected to be heard at the meeting,University of Colorado researchers found a significant association between insomnia(失眠)and a decline in college students' aca-demic performance.The study included 64 psychology,nursing and medical students,average age 27 .4 years,who were divided into two groups-low GPAs and high GPAs.Among those with low GPAs,69 .7 percent had trouble falling asleep,53 .1 percent experi- enced leg kicks or twitches(痉挛)at night,65. 6 percent reported waking at night and having trouble falling back to sleep,and 72 .7 percent had difficulty concentrating during the day."In college、students,the complaint of difficulty concentrating during the day continues to have a considerable impact on their ability to succeed in the classroom,"study author Dr. James F. Pagel said in a prepared statement."This study showed that disordered sleep has significant harmful effects on a student's academic performance,including GPAs." In the first study,students who stay up late______.A: had lower GPAsB: had higher GPAsC: performed equally well in their studiesD: had little difficulty concentrating.during the day

共用题干American sports are quite distinct from those played elsewhere in the world.The top four spectator team sports are American football,baseball,basketball,and ice hockey.Baseball is the oldest among these sports.The professional game dates from 1869 and has no close rivals in popularity until the 1960s;though baseball is no longer the most popular sport,it is still referred to as the nationa! pastime.Little boys play baseball in parks and empty lots,in streets and in alleys;and picnics all through the hot summer months include at least a few innings(回合)of baseball with boys and girls, young and old,taking turns at bat. Probably no American was very surprised to read in the newspapers that when a United States atomic submarine surfaced at the North Pole,the crewmen played a game of baseball.Also unlike the professional levels of the other popular spectator sports in the U.S.,Major League Baseball teams play almost every day from April to October. American football(known simply as"football"in the U.S.)now attracts more television viewers than baseball;however, National Football League teams play only 16 regular -season games each year,so baseball is the great leader in ticket sales.The really important professional players are members of the 24 teams in America's two major baseball leagues.Each summer they are America's national heroes.At the end of the season,when the two top teams play against each other to find the winner of the"World Series",excitement and tension rise in cities all over the country.Fans make long trips to watch the games and to shout from their seats in the bleachers(廉价座位).Millions of others tune in on radio and television,sometimes making it a topic of conversation.And long after it is all over,baseball fans talk over the scores and the players,inning by inning,and the batting averages of the players this year compared to other years.(Batting averages show the percentage of times a player hits the ball effectively)The President of the United States is invited to start the season each year by tossing the ball into the first game in Washington D.C.一and he rarely fails to come.American sports are quite similar to sports played elsewhere in the world.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned

共用题干American sports are quite distinct from those played elsewhere in the world.The top four spectator team sports are American football,baseball,basketball,and ice hockey.Baseball is the oldest among these sports.The professional game dates from 1869 and has no close rivals in popularity until the 1960s;though baseball is no longer the most popular sport,it is still referred to as the nationa! pastime.Little boys play baseball in parks and empty lots,in streets and in alleys;and picnics all through the hot summer months include at least a few innings(回合)of baseball with boys and girls, young and old,taking turns at bat. Probably no American was very surprised to read in the newspapers that when a United States atomic submarine surfaced at the North Pole,the crewmen played a game of baseball.Also unlike the professional levels of the other popular spectator sports in the U.S.,Major League Baseball teams play almost every day from April to October. American football(known simply as"football"in the U.S.)now attracts more television viewers than baseball;however, National Football League teams play only 16 regular -season games each year,so baseball is the great leader in ticket sales.The really important professional players are members of the 24 teams in America's two major baseball leagues.Each summer they are America's national heroes.At the end of the season,when the two top teams play against each other to find the winner of the"World Series",excitement and tension rise in cities all over the country.Fans make long trips to watch the games and to shout from their seats in the bleachers(廉价座位).Millions of others tune in on radio and television,sometimes making it a topic of conversation.And long after it is all over,baseball fans talk over the scores and the players,inning by inning,and the batting averages of the players this year compared to other years.(Batting averages show the percentage of times a player hits the ball effectively)The President of the United States is invited to start the season each year by tossing the ball into the first game in Washington D.C.一and he rarely fails to come.When the final game is played between the two top teams,many people in the country feel excited and nervous.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned

共用题干Men Too May Suffer from Domestic ViolenceNearly three in 10 men have experienced violence at the hands of an intimate(亲密的)partner during their lifetimes,according to one of the few studies to look______(51)domestic violence and health among men."Many men actually do experience domestic violence,although we don't hear about it ______(52),"Dr. Robert J. Reid of the University of Washington in Seattle,one of the authors,told Reuters Health."They often don't tell______(53)we don't ask. We want to message out(传达这样一个信息)to men who______(54)experience domestic violence that they are not alone and there are resources available to______(55)."The researchers asked study participants about physical abuse(伤害)and non-physical ______(56)such as threats that made them______(57)for their safety,controlling behavior (for example,being told who they could associate with and where they could go),and constant name-calling(辱骂).Among men 1 8 to 54 years old,14.2 percent said they had experienced intimate partner______(58)in the past five years,while 6.1 percent reported domestic violence in the previous year.Rates were lower for men 55 and______(59),with 5.3 percent reporting violence in the past five years and 2.4 percent having experienced it in the past 12 months.Overall,30.5 percent of men younger than 55 and 26.5 percent of older men said they had been victims of______(60)violence at some point in their lives.About half of the violence men______(61)was physical.However,the physical violence men reported wasn't as harsh as______(62)suffered by women in a previous study;20 percent to 40 percent of the men rated it as severe,compare to 61 percent of______(63).Men who reported experiencing domestic violence had more emotional and mental problems ______(64)those who had not,especially older men,the______(65)found._________(53)A:and B:butC:yet D:unless

单选题If t is 40 percent greater than p, and p is 40 percent less than 600, what is the value of t-p?A144B240C360D504E1008

单选题The author hopes to have the current situation in sports improved by _____.Aregulating the relationship between players and refereesBcalling on players to use clean language on the courtCraising the referee’s sense of responsibilityDchanging the attitude of players on the sports field

多选题Because Inspector Morse could not contain his scorn for the police commissioner, he was imprudent enough to make ______ remarks about his superior officer.AambiguousBimpartialCunfathomableDcontemptuousEscathingFpertinent

单选题Adam Smith was a professor of philosophy, a commissioner of customs, and founded the field of modern economics.Aa commissioner of customs, and founded the field of modem economicsBworked as commissioner of customs, and founded the field of modern economicsCa commissioner of customs, and the founder of the field of modern economicsDcommissioned customs, and was the founder of the field of modern economicsEa commissioner of customs, and was the founder of the field of modem economics

单选题The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to ______.Astress the importance of professional trainingBspotlight the soccer superstars in the World CupCintroduce the topic of what makes expert performanceDexplain why some soccer teams play better than others

单选题The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How much was it ()?A60%B50%C33%D90%

问答题The sports meeting had to be put off because of the heavy rain.

单选题Passage2Shay asked,“Do you think they'll let me play?”Shay's father knew that most of the boys would not want someone like Shay on their team,but the father also understood that if his son, mentally and physically disabled, were allowed to play, it would give him a much-needed sense of belonging and some confidence.Shay's father approached one of the boys on the field and asked if Shay could play, not expecting much. The boy looked around and said, We' re losing by six runs and the game is in the eighth inning. I guess he can be on our team and we' ll try to put him in to bat in the final inning.Shay struggled over to the team's bench and put on a team shirt with a broad smile and his father had a small tear in his eye and warmth in heart. The boys saw the father's joy at his son being accepted.In the bottom of the eighth inning, Shay's team scored a few runs but was still behind by three. In the top of the final inning, Shay put on a glove and played in the field. Even though no hits came his way, he was obviously joyful just to be in the game and on the field. In the bottom of the final inning, Shay's team scored again. Now, Shay was scheduled to be next at bat. Would they let Shay bat and give away their chance to win the game?Surprisingly, Shay was given the bat. Everyone knew that a hit was almost impossible. The first pitch came and Shay missed. The pitcher again took a few steps forward to throw the ball softly towards Shay. As the pitch came in, Shay swung at the ball and hit a slow ground ball right back to the pitcher.The pitcher could have easily thrown the ball to the first baseman and Shay would have been out and that would have been the end of the game. Instead, the pitcher threw the ball right over the head of the first baseman, beyond the reach of all teammates. The audience and the players from both teams started screaming,Shay, run to first!Never in his life had Shay ever run that far but made it to first base, wide-eyed and shocked.Everyone shouted, Run to second!Catching his breath, Shay awkwardly ran towards second. By the time Shay rounded towards second base, the smallest guy on their team, who had a chance to be the hero for his team for the first time, could have thrown the ball to the second baseman, but he understood the pitcher's intentions and he too intentionally threw the ball high and far over the third baseman's head.All were screaming, Shay, Shay, Shay, all the way Shay.Shay reached third base when one opposing player ran to help him and shouted,Shay, run to third.As Shay rounded third, all were on their feet, crying,Shay, run home!Shay ran to home, stepped on the home base and was cheered as the hero who won the game for his team.That day, the boys from both teams helped bring a piece of true love and humanity into this world. Shay didn't make it to another summer and died that winter, having never forgotten being the hero and making his father so happy and coming home and seeing his mother tearfully hug her little hero of the day!Which of the following has nothing to do with Shay's becoming the hero for his team?AThe pitcher did not throw the ball to the first baseman.BThe audience and the players from both teams cheered for him.CThe opposing players failed to stop his running to home.DOne of the opposing players ran to help him.

单选题The commissioner of a professional sports league dictated that teams could not put players on the field who had a greater than 20 percent chance of suffering a career-ending spinal injury during competition. The commissioner justified this decision as a way to protect players from injury while protecting the league from lawsuits.  Which of the following, if true, would most undermine the effectiveness of the commissioner’s new policy?ASpinal injuries can result in paralysis, loss of fine motor skills, and even death.BThe previous year, more than seven players in the league suffered career-ending spinal injuries.CThe players’ union agrees that the risk of injury is an inevitable part of playing the game at a professional level.DThere is no scientifically valid method for determining the likelihood of any player suffering a career-ending spinal injury at any given time.EPlayers barred from playing because of this new regulation will be entitled to compensation for lost wages at a level determined by the commissioner’s office.

单选题Which of the following statements is true to women athletes?AThey are more likely to get hurt than males in football.BThey suffer 240% more concussions than male players in basketball.CThey run 40% higher risks than males in sports.DThey are more competitive than males in sports played by both sexes.