名词解释题BBC——（British Broadcasting Corporation）
名词解释题
BBC——（British Broadcasting Corporation）
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问答题根据以下材料请你分析公营媒介的特点。 在英国的双重广播电视体制中，英国广播公司是代表了传媒的公共服务原则的一方。 英国广播公司（British Broadcasting Company， BBC）成立于1923，一开始，这就是一个政府特权企业，它被获准在英国垄断经营广播事业。鉴于人们对广播垄断的反应强烈，1923年BBC的总经理约翰·瑞斯提出，应使广播免于商业和邮政的控制，建立一个全国性的、社会性的、宗教性的和民主性的节目体系，使广播服务超越利润和娱乐的狭窄事业。他给这个理想起名“公共服务广播”。这一理想后来成为BBC的指导原则，并获得了广泛支持。1926年，新成立的公共广播公司，取代了原来私营的BBC，只是改名为British Broadcasting Corporation，简称还是BBC。 英国电视最早就是由BBC所开发的。1929年，BBC开始试验电视广播。1936年，BBC开始每日两小时的电视广播。现在BBC通过它的两个频道BBC1和BBC2每年播送12500小时的节目。1995年，它和Pearson集团合作，开发了两个卫星频道：BBC World和BBC Prime。现在还拥有了新闻频道、知识频道等有线频道。BBC公司一直以来位居世界电视百强前列。 BBC在名义上是政治独立的，但BBC的广播活动是立足于皇家特许状及其与政府签订的阶段性协议的基础上的，所以不能完全免除政府干预。而且，由于BBC不播广告，因而独立于商业，所以它必须定期向内政部及议会申请，要求提高收视费，以维持日益上涨的节目费用。这一点也是BBC受制于政府的地方。 除此以外，BBC还要定期接收各种一般的或特殊的委员会的审查。一般大约隔10－15年，在皇家特许状即将到期的日子前，会召集一次对BBC表现的评估，以确定下一步对BBC的政策。如1962年的皮尔金顿委员会建议BBC增加第二频道，采用彩色电视播出。 BBC几乎是英国最有影响力的文化机构，它的节目一向以格调高雅、制作精良著称，长期以来是英国精英文化的代表。及时、详尽的时事和新闻报道是BBC竞争的拳头产品，《大全景》（Panorama）、《早餐新闻》（Breakfast）等新闻类节目享誉英伦；BBC的科技、自然、文化、艺术和教育节目的数量之众和质量之高一直是其它国家的电视台无法望其项背的；BBC的娱乐节目也以制作精美著称，电视电影多为古典名剧，游戏和综艺节目量少质精；在电视连续剧方面，BBC的《东区人》长年和独立电视网的《加冕街》交相辉映。 作为国营电视台，BBC的主要资金来源依靠电视税的收入。在英国，不管公众看不看BBC的节目，也不管他们收入多少，每台彩电每年都要上缴91.5镑的税收（1997年）。此外，BBC的节目在国际电视节目交易市场上颇受欢迎，节目交易收入达到了年收入的15％左右。而某些商业和相关产品，如录像带、书籍、英语教学节目的出版也为BBC带来客观的收入。1977年，安南委员会曾考虑让BBC播出广告，但最后还是否定了这一考虑。然而，随着独立电视出现和发展壮大，BBC不得不对自身进行改革，从节目内容到风格都渐渐倾近大众口味。1996年5月1日，在它的首期皇家敕令60年届满之时，英国政府驳回了部分议员将BBC私有化的提议，和它续订了新的敕令，再次明确了它公营电视台的地位。
问答题Practice 3 BBC World Service is the world's biggest radio network, with 140 million listeners across the globe, broadcasting in 44 languages, heard on short-wave, medium-wave, FM and satellite. We have an ambitious plan for the brand new technology of Digital Broadcasting by Satellite, due to start next year. The appearance of the Internet has taken us broadcasters all by surprise. The Internet has enabled any radio station anywhere to become an international broadcaster with only a minor investment. Although its sound quality is far from perfect, it excels that of short-wave. Internet radio does not only mean competition but also great opportunities. The BBC is taking the Internet very seriously, for it's a cheap way of getting a reasonable quality signal to places in the even our short-wave transmitters can't adequately reach. Very recently, we launched “BBC On-Line”, which incorporates a 24-hour news service. And the users can hear programmes in Mandarin, Arabic, Spanish and Russian.
单选题Which of the following statements about the BBC is not true?AThe BBC puts out both radio broadcasting services and TV programs.BThere is no advertising on any of the BBC programs.CThe BBC is financed by private funds.DThe BBC World Service broadcasts international news worldwide, using more than 30 languages.
单选题According to Paragraph 2, a podcast is to radio broadcasting is TiVo is to television.AthatBwhatCwithDwhich
单选题The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in（）A1921B1931C1945D1950
问答题Practice 3 Equity securities are known as shares (or stock) in a corporation. Stockholders are considered owners of the corporation. The Articles of Incorporation must state the number of shares and the characteristics of the stock. To issue stock is actually to offer shares of stock for sale. The corporation’s Board of Directors controls when and to whom the corporation’s shares are offered and sold. Outstanding shares—Outstanding shares are shares already issued and purchased by the shareholder or stockholder. Par value—Par value is an arbitrary value assigned to each share in the Articles of Incorporation but does not necessarily reflect the true market value of the stock. Shares may not be issued and sold by the corporation for less than their par value therefore it is sometimes advisable not to state any par value at all or state a par value lower than the estimated market price. No par value allows the Board of Directors to decide each time shares are issued what the price per share will be. In a very large corporation where the stock is publicly traded at a public exchange, such as the New York Stock Exchange, the public demand for the stock of the corporation rather than the Board of Directors determines the selling price of the stock. Capital account—The capital account of a corporation is an entry in the books of the corporation and is determined by multiplying the par or stated value of the corporation’s stock by the number of shares outstanding. For example, if the corporation had sold 1,000 shares of stock which had $10 par value, the capital account would be $10,000.
单选题When is BBC’s Overseas Students at British Universities on air every day? A6:30 AM.B8:30 GMT.C18:30 Greenwich Mean Time.