Pancreas islet
Pancreas islet
相关考题：
No Sweet Talk About SugarSugar's proponents call it quick energy, opponents say it's empty calories (卡路里) 。 But to the average person, who consumes a quarter of a pound of it each day, sugar is mostly an irresistibly good taste.In fact, people seem to have an innate "sweet tooth."Human societies have long equated sweetness with goodness - sweet mystery of life, sweet smell of success, sweetheart - and that enhances (增强;提高) the attraction.But in recent years, sugar has also been singled out as a potential enemy of the healthy life.Cited for such evils as distracting youngsters from more nutritious (营养的) foodstuffs, enhancing obesity (肥胖), ruining teeth and causing diabetes(糖尿病), it has become the most maligned (恶毒的) of the main components of our diet.Sugar, like starch, is a carbohydrate (碳水化合物).Its many types include sucrose (table sugar refined from sugarcane or beets), lactose (milk sugar), fructose (fruit sugar), glucose (blood sugar), dextrose (右旋糖), maltose(麦芽糖) and galactose (半乳糖).Seventy percent of the sugar in the labels on all the packaged products in your pantry (食品室) and see how many list sugar (or corn syrup) as a main ingredient (成分) 。Early this century, the average North American consumed about 76 pounds of refined sugar a year, but starches formed two thirds of his dietary carbohydrates.Today, per-capita refined sugar consumption hovers around 95 pounds, and all types of sugar represent more than half the carbohydrate calories.But in relying on sucrose-sweetened processed foods as a main carbohydrate source, we may miss the essential nutrients - fiber, vitamins and minerals - found in other carbohydrate foods like fruits, vegetables and breads.The body has no physiological need for sucrose that cannot be satisfied by other, more nutritious foods.The body can convert starches to sugar, or use the sugar in fruits and vegetables for energy.In fact, nutrition experts say that even the purported (传说的) need for sugar as quick energy is a myth except in a few rare situations, such as a diabetic in insulin shock.During exercise, the body calls upon its reserve of glycogen (肝糖) (and, if that runs low, fatty acids from the breakdown of triglycerides) to supply the muscles with needed energy.If you eat sugar before exercising, your body simply stores it.As for sugar's reputed adverse (不利的) health effects, the following can be said on the basis of available evidence:Obesity, Sugar supplies four calories per gram - about the same as protein and less half that of fat.Excess caloric intake, not sugar, causes obesity.But since calories can be highly concentrated in sugar-sweetened foods, you may eat many more calories than you need of such foods before you feel full or even realize how much you consumed.Tooth decay.Sugar definitely promotes the development of dental caries.Bacteria in the mouth digest (消化) the sugar on tooth surfaces, and produce acid which eats away the enamel (珐琅).It is the time sugar remains on the teeth, rather than the amount eaten, that makes the difference.To reduce the risk of decay, dentists recommend rinsing your mouth or brushing you teeth after consuming anything sweet, and avoiding sweets between meals.Diabetes.In diabetes, the pancreas (胰腺) fails to produce enough insulin to clear the blood of excess glucose.Thus, diabetics must curb their intake of sweets lest their blood-sugar levels rise dangerously high.But the important factor in diabetes is controlling body weight.Heart Disease.The theory that sugar is an important factor in heart disease does not have wide support among experts, who say that fats and cholesterol (胆固醇) are the more likely culprits (罪魁祸首).Some people have a tendency to develop high blood levels of fatty substances called triglycerides, which may promote atherosclerosis (动脉硬化).They are often advised to reduce their sugar intake, but losing weight is more important.Diets free of sucrose can lower abnormally high triglyceride levels, but they have been found to have little or no effect on triglyceride levels that are acceptable in the first place.1、What does the word "innate" mean?()A、born withB、implantedC、badD、healthy2、Which of the following statements is NOT true?()A、There are many types of sugar such as sucrose, lactose, fructose, etc.B、Sugar can cause many health problems such as obesity, tooth decay and diabetes.C、Sugar is not nutritious because it doesn't contain fiber, vitamin and mineral.D、Sugar is physiologically needed by the body and can not be substituted by other substance.3、"Curb their intake of sweets" can also be referred to as()their intake of sweets.A、increaseB、decreaseC、limitD、take4、Based on the ideas presented in the passage we can conclude that ().A、there is not available evidence to show sugar's bad effectsB、if you eat a lot of sweet food, you may suffer from obesity, because such food contains a lot of caloriesC、to limit sugar intake is the most important thing for the atherosclerosis patientD、most experts believe that sugar can cause heart disease5、From the passage, we know().A、sugar eats away the enamel, thus causing tooth decayB、the cause for diabetes is the excessive intake of sugarC、fats and cholesterol have nothing to do with heart diseaseD、high level triglycerides may increase the chances of atherosclerosis
共用题干Exercise can Replace Insulin for Elderly DiabeticsMost older people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlin gske Tidende on Monday.Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today, it said.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type Ⅱ,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.Associate Professor Dr. Hemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non一exercising persons.“This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,”Dela was quoted as saying.Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.To what a degree have diabetics to exercise in order to achieve the desired effect?A:To the degree where they begin to sweat.B: To the degree where they feel exhausted.C: To the point when they feel thirsty.D: To the point when they have to take insulin.
共用题干Exercise can Replace Insulin for Elderly DiabeticsMost older people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlin gske Tidende on Monday.Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today, it said.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type Ⅱ,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.Associate Professor Dr. Hemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non一exercising persons.“This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,”Dela was quoted as saying.Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.How could most elderly type Ⅱ diabetics stop taking insulin?A: By taking more salt than usual.B: By taking less salt than usual.C: By doing brisk exercise for half an hour at least three times a week.D: By going climbing,swimming or boxing every day.
共用题干Exercise can Replace Insulin for Elderly DiabeticsMost older people with so-called type Ⅱ diabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes just three times a week,according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlin gske Tidende on Monday.Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet's Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body's ability to utilise insulin by 30 percent,the newspaper reported.This is equal to the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today, it said.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type Ⅱ,all more than 60 years of age,exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects'muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.Associate Professor Dr. Hemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthy non一exercising persons.“This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes,but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms. At the same time it can put off the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment,”Dela was quoted as saying.Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas,controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up a sweat,but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off after five days without sufficient exercise.Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of the importance of exercise,Dela added.Physical exercise may increase the body ability to utilise insulin by______.A: 70 percentB: 30 percentC: 60 percentD: only a few percent
共用题干What Is Insulin-dependent Diabetes?When you eat,your body takes the sugar from food and turns it into fuel.______(46)Your body uses glucose for energy,so it can do everything from breathing air to playing a video game.But glucose can't be used by the body on its own-it needs a hormone called insulin to bring it into the cells of the body.Most people get the insulin they need from the pancreas,a large organ near the stomach?The pancreas makes insulin;insulin brings glucose into the cells;and the body gets the energy it needs.When a person has insulin一dependent diabetes,it's because the pancreas is not making insulin.So someone could be eating lots of food and getting all the glucose he needs,but without insulin,there is no way for the body to use the glucose for energy.______(47)You may have heard older people talk about having diabetes,maybe people of your grandparents'age.Usually,this is a different kind of diabetes called non一insulin一dependent diabetes.It can also be called Type 2 diabetes,or adult-onset diabetes.______(48) When a kid is diagnosed with juvenile(insulin-dependent)diabetes,he will have that type of diabetes for his whole life.It won't ever change to non-insulin-dependent diabetes when he gets older.Scientists now think that a person who has juvenile diabetes was born with a certain gene or genes that made the person more likely to get the illness.______(49)Many scientists believe that along with having certain genes,something else outside the person's body, like a viral infection,is necessary to set the diabetes in motion by affecting the cells in the pancreas that make insulin.But the person must have the gene(or genes)for diabetes to start' out with一this means you can't get diabetes just from catching a flu,virus,or cold.And this type of diabetes isn't caused by eating too many sugary foods,either.Diabetes can take a long time to develop in a person's body-sometimes months or years?Another important thing to remember is that diabetes is not contagious.______(50)______(47)A:Genes are something that you inherit from your parents,and they are in your body even before you're born.B:This sugar-fuel is called glucose?C:It may be possible to beat insulin resistance through lifestyle changes.D:You can't catch diabetes from people who have it,no matter how close you sit to them or if you kiss them.E:The glucose can't get into the cells of the body without insulin.F:When a person has this kind of diabetes,the pancreas usually can still make insulin,but the person's body needs more than the pancreas can make?
单选题When within the entrance, the vessel should（）surf islet.AnavigateBarrive atCsteer forDmaneuver for
单选题Branford reef is（）.Aa hard sand shoal marked with a lightBcompletely submerged at all stages of the tideCsurrounded by rocks awash at low water spring tidesDa small，low，sandy islet surrounded by shoal water