单选题Not being able to sleep can be dangerous if we ______.Aare feeling wellBworry about it too muchCrepair our bodies by restingDplan our sleeping lives carefully
单选题
Not being able to sleep can be dangerous if we ______.
A
are feeling well
B
worry about it too much
C
repair our bodies by resting
D
plan our sleeping lives carefully
参考解析
解析：
文章最后一段引用一位睡眠方面研究者的话，指出：除非感觉不适或不能有效工作，人们不应担心睡不着觉。如果我们在休息，缺少睡眠不会造成太大影响，因为身体仍能继续修复工作，但担心睡不着觉有时会对身体带来伤害，因此B项符合题意。
文章最后一段引用一位睡眠方面研究者的话，指出：除非感觉不适或不能有效工作，人们不应担心睡不着觉。如果我们在休息，缺少睡眠不会造成太大影响，因为身体仍能继续修复工作，但担心睡不着觉有时会对身体带来伤害，因此B项符合题意。
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The human body has developed its millions of nerves to be highly aware of what goes on both inside and outside of it. This helps us aajust to the outside world. Without our nerves and our brain, which is a system of nerves, we couldn’t know what’s happening. But we pay for our sensitivity. We can feel pain when the slightest thing is wrong with any part of our body. The history of torture is based on the human body being open to pain. But there is a way to handle pain. Look at the Indian fakir (苦行僧) who sits on a bed of nails. Fakirs can put a needle right through an arm, and feel no pain. This ability that some humans have developed to handle pain should give us ideas about how the mind can deal with pain. The big thing in withstanding pain is our attitude toward it. If the dentist says, “This will hurts a little,” it helps us to accept the pain. By staying relaxed, and by treating the pain as an interesting sensation, we can handle the pain without falling apart. After all, although pain is an unpleasant sensation, it is still a sensafion, and sensations are the stuff of life. [共5题]1.The human body has developed a system of nerves that enables us to ________.A.stay relaxedB.avoid painC.stand tortureD.feel pain2.What does the writer mean by saying “we pay for our sensitivity” in Para.1?A.We have to take care of our sense of pain.B.We suffer from our sense of feeling.C.We should try hard to resist pain.D.We are hurt when we feel pain.3.When the author mentions the Indian fakir, he shows that ________.A.fakirs possess magic powerB.Indians are not afraid of painC.people can learn to cope with painD.some people are born without a sense of pain4.What is essential for people to stand pain according to the writer?A.Their relaxation.B.Their interest.C.Their nerves.D.Their attitude.5.The author believes that ________.A.feeling pain is part of our lifeB.pain should be avoided at all costsC.feeling pain can be an interesting thingD.magic power is essential for reducing pain
_____that caused him to serve dinner two hours later than usual. A、It was we being late.B、It was our being late.C、It was we were too late.D、It was because we were late.
DModcm inventions have speeded up people’s lives amazingly. Motor-cars cover a bundred miles in little more than an hour. Aireraft cross the world a day, while computers operate at lightning speed. Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending. Every ycar motor-cars are produced which go even faster each new computer boasts（吹嘘）of saving preeious seconds in handling tasks.All this saves timc, but at a prick.When we lose or gain half a day in speeding aeross the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the uncomfoerable feeling known as jet-lag; our bodies feel tlru they have been left bebind in anot ar nine zoors Again pending too long at compulers resul’s in painti ninrts and fingers. Mobile phones also to dange according to some seientists; too much uss may thesmit h bul radiation into our brains, a we do not like to think about.Howave, what do we do with the time we have saved?Certainly not or so it seems. We are so accustomed to constant activity that we find it difficult to sit and do nothing, or even just one thing at a time. Pcrhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio, letting imavination take us into another world.There was a time when some people’s lives were devotcd simply to the cultivation of the land or the eare of eattle. No multi-tasking there; their lives wenl on at a much gentler pace, and in a familiar pattern. There is much that we might envy about a way of life like this. Yet before we do so ,we must think of the hard tasks our ancestors faeed;:they farmed with bare hands, often lived close to hunger, and had to fashion tools from wood and stone. Modem machinery has freed peope fre that primitive existcnee.68.The new rooucts opcome more and more time-saving beeause ________A.our lose e u speed uts never-endingB.mo is liwhcdC.shi pnces are increasingly highD.the manufacturers boast a lot
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根据下面资料，回答题 I′ve often wondered how exactly sleep, or lack of it, can have such an awful effect on our bodies and, guess what, how much we sleep switches good genes on and bad genes off. In the first half of 2013, the Sleep Research Centre at the University of Surrey found a direct link between hours spent sleeping and genes. Every cell in our bodies carries genetic instructions in our DNA that act as a kind of operating handbook. However, each cell only "reads" the part of this handbook it needs at any given moment. Can sleep affect how a gene reads instructions It′s a question asked by Professor Derk-Jan Dijk at the University of Surrey. He set up an experiment and asked his volunteers to spend a week sleeping around seven and a half hours to eight hours a night and the next sleeping six and a half to seven hours. Blood samples were taken each week to compare which genes in blood cells were being used during the long and short nights. The results were rather surprising. Several hundred genes changed in the amount they were being used, including some that are linked to heart disease, cancer, and Type 2 diabetes. Genes to do with cell repair and replacement were used much less. Sleep restriction (six and a half to seven hours a night) changed 380 genes. Of these,220 genes were down regulated (their power was reduced), while 160 were up regulated (their power was increased). Those affected included body-clock genes which are linked to diabetes. One of the most downgraded genes is that which has a role in controlling insulin and is linked to diabetes and insomnia. The most upgraded gene is linked to heart disease. So changing sleep by tiny amounts can upgrade or downgrade genes that can influence our health and the diseases we suffer from when we sleep too little. The important message is that getting close to eight hours of sleep a night can make a dramatic difference to our health in just a few days through the way it looks after our genes. Which of the following may be concluded from the passage 查看材料A.The experiment was performed at the University of Surrey in early 2013.B.Body-clock genes are associated with heart disease, cancer and Type 2 diabetes.C.Sleep restrictions may contribute to disease like diabetes, insomnia, and heart disease.D.7.5-8 hours' sleep pattern makes little difference compared with 6.5-7 hours' sleep pattern.
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根据下面资料，回答题 I′ve often wondered how exactly sleep, or lack of it, can have such an awful effect on our bodies and, guess what, how much we sleep switches good genes on and bad genes off. In the first half of 2013, the Sleep Research Centre at the University of Surrey found a direct link between hours spent sleeping and genes. Every cell in our bodies carries genetic instructions in our DNA that act as a kind of operating handbook. However, each cell only "reads" the part of this handbook it needs at any given moment. Can sleep affect how a gene reads instructions It′s a question asked by Professor Derk-Jan Dijk at the University of Surrey. He set up an experiment and asked his volunteers to spend a week sleeping around seven and a half hours to eight hours a night and the next sleeping six and a half to seven hours. Blood samples were taken each week to compare which genes in blood cells were being used during the long and short nights. The results were rather surprising. Several hundred genes changed in the amount they were being used, including some that are linked to heart disease, cancer, and Type 2 diabetes. Genes to do with cell repair and replacement were used much less. Sleep restriction (six and a half to seven hours a night) changed 380 genes. Of these,220 genes were down regulated (their power was reduced), while 160 were up regulated (their power was increased). Those affected included body-clock genes which are linked to diabetes. One of the most downgraded genes is that which has a role in controlling insulin and is linked to diabetes and insomnia. The most upgraded gene is linked to heart disease. So changing sleep by tiny amounts can upgrade or downgrade genes that can influence our health and the diseases we suffer from when we sleep too little. The important message is that getting close to eight hours of sleep a night can make a dramatic difference to our health in just a few days through the way it looks after our genes. What can we learn about Professor Derk-Jan Dijk′ s experiment 查看材料A.The experiment was carried out to find the answer to how genes affect sleep.B.The experiment took a period of more than two weeks to reach a conclusion.C.His volunteers were divided into two groups with two different sleeping patterns.D.Blood samples of the volunteers were checked afterwards to decide how many genes changed in sleeping.
We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time we are__our environment with dangerous chemicals.A.protectingB.savingC.pollutingD.fighting
Text 3 Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions,if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react,we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick,hardwired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms;if we are judging whether someone is dangerous,our brains and bodies are hardwired to react very quickly,within milliseconds.But we need more time to assess other factors.To accurately tell whether someone is sociable,studies show,we need at least a minute,preferably five.It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality,like neuroticism or openmindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren't exclusive to the interpersonal realm.Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fastfood logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster,even though reading has little to do with eating.We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we're doing.Subjects exposed to fastfood flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences.If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face（one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling）,we can take a moment before buying.If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants,we can help screeners understand their biases—or hire outside screeners.John Gottman,the marriage expert,explains that we quickly“thin slice”information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in“thick sliced”longterm study.When Dr.Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together,he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation;two days,not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hardwired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals:doges can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes.But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term.Although technology might change the way we react,it hasn't changed our nature.We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the highspeed trend.To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions,we should_____A.trust our first impressionB.do as people usually doC.think before we actD.ask for expert advice
Text 3 Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions,if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react,we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick,hardwired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms;if we are judging whether someone is dangerous,our brains and bodies are hardwired to react very quickly,within milliseconds.But we need more time to assess other factors.To accurately tell whether someone is sociable,studies show,we need at least a minute,preferably five.It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality,like neuroticism or openmindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren't exclusive to the interpersonal realm.Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fastfood logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster,even though reading has little to do with eating.We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we're doing.Subjects exposed to fastfood flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences.If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face（one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling）,we can take a moment before buying.If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants,we can help screeners understand their biases—or hire outside screeners.John Gottman,the marriage expert,explains that we quickly“thin slice”information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in“thick sliced”longterm study.When Dr.Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together,he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation;two days,not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hardwired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals:doges can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes.But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term.Although technology might change the way we react,it hasn't changed our nature.We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the highspeed trend.Our reaction to a fastfood logo shows that snap decisions_____A.can be associativeB.are not unconsciousC.can be dangerousD.are not impulsive
Text 3 Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions,if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react,we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick,hardwired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms;if we are judging whether someone is dangerous,our brains and bodies are hardwired to react very quickly,within milliseconds.But we need more time to assess other factors.To accurately tell whether someone is sociable,studies show,we need at least a minute,preferably five.It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality,like neuroticism or openmindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren't exclusive to the interpersonal realm.Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fastfood logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster,even though reading has little to do with eating.We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we're doing.Subjects exposed to fastfood flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences.If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face（one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling）,we can take a moment before buying.If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants,we can help screeners understand their biases—or hire outside screeners.John Gottman,the marriage expert,explains that we quickly“thin slice”information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in“thick sliced”longterm study.When Dr.Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together,he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation;two days,not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hardwired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals:doges can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes.But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term.Although technology might change the way we react,it hasn't changed our nature.We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the highspeed trend.The time needed in making decisions may_____A.vary according to the urgency of the situationB.prove the complexity of our brain reactionC.depend on the importance of the assessmentD.predetermine the accuracy of our judgment
You would imagine that sleeping was a quiet and peaceful experience but in reality，our brains are more active during some stages of sleep than when we are______。A.wakeB.awakeC.wakenD.awaken
单选题If we carry out our plan with（）we will surely achieve our goal sooner or later.AconditionsBdeterminationCcompetitionDfrowns
单选题Passage 1Scientistshave found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take amoment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or eveneliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snapdecisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whethersomeone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react veryquickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. Toaccurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least aminute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects ofpersonality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.Butsnap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren't exclusive to the interpersonalrealm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-foodlogo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, eventhough reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fastfood with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever elsewe're doing. Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musicalpiece lasts too long. Yet we can reverse suchinfluences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housingoptions when we see a happy face (onereason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling),we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are morelikely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understandtheir biases-or hire outside screeners. John Gottman,the marriage expert, explains that we quickly thin slice information reliably only after we ground suchsnap reactions in thicksliced long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invitesthem to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation: two days, not twoseconds. Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactionsby pausing is what differentiates us from animals dogs can think about thefuture only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spentabout 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technologymight change the way we react, it hasn't changed our nature. We still have theimaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions, we should______ .Atrust our first impressionBdo as people usually doCthink before we actDask for expert advice
单选题Passage 1Scientistshave found that although we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take amoment and think about how we are likely to react, we can reduce or eveneliminate the negative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snapdecisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are judging whethersomeone is dangerous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react veryquickly, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. Toaccurately tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least aminute, preferably five. It takes a while to judge complex aspects ofpersonality, like neuroticism or open-mindedness.Butsnap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren't exclusive to the interpersonalrealm. Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fast-foodlogo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, eventhough reading has little to do with eating. We unconsciously associate fastfood with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever elsewe're doing. Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musicalpiece lasts too long. Yet we can reverse suchinfluences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housingoptions when we see a happy face (onereason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling),we can take a moment before buying. If we know female job screeners are morelikely to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understandtheir biases-or hire outside screeners. John Gottman,the marriage expert, explains that we quickly thin slice information reliably only after we ground suchsnap reactions in thicksliced long-term study. When Dr. Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together, he invitesthem to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation: two days, not twoseconds. Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactionsby pausing is what differentiates us from animals dogs can think about thefuture only intermittently or for a few minutes. But historically we have spentabout 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term. Although technologymight change the way we react, it hasn't changed our nature. We still have theimaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the high-speed trend.The time needed in making decisions may_______.Avary according to the urgency of the situationBprove the complexity of our brain reactionCdepend on the importance of the assessmentDpredetermine the accuracy of our judgment
单选题- Must we send in our plan this week? -No,_____；you can send it in next week.Ayou needn'tByou mustn'tCyou can'tDyou shouldn't
问答题In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully, and then complete the summary below by choosing a maximum of three words from the passage to fill in each of the blanks. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Everyone knows about pollution in the environment. Water, air, and land are all polluted. This means that pollution is everywhere. Now, scientists are looking inside our bodies to find out about internal pollution. In 2003, the Environmental Working Group studied nine people to measure the chemicals in their bodies. These nine people had an average of 53 cancer-causing chemicals in their bodies. They also had an average of 62 chemicals that can damage the brain, and 55 that can harm babies in pregnant women. Even though a lot of chemicals were found in human bodies, the chemicals were found in small amounts. The amounts were small enough that they were probably not hurting the people. However, scientists are worried because most of these chemicals were created by humans. Most of these chemicals did not exist 75 years ago. This proves that we have not only polluted the world—we have polluted our own bodies! How does this pollution get into our bodies? We come into contact with many chemicals every day. For example, everyone uses soap, skin lotion, and shampoo. However, few people know that these products contain harmful chemicals, some of which may cause memory loss. Chemicals known as DEA (diethanolamine) and TEA (triethanolamine) may seep into the skin and stop us from absorbing a helpful nutrient called “choline”. Choline is a nutrient that plays a crucial role in the memory cell making process in the developing brain. Some people worry that every time we wash our hair, we are decreasing our memories. Everyone knows they should brush their teeth regularly, but recent research has shown that some toothpastes can cause cancer. Fluoride is a key ingredient in many toothpastes. However, studies show that fluoride does not really protect our teeth. In fact, fluoride has been connected with bone cancer and other diseases. While we are trying to save our smiles, we could be damaging our health. Women are probably exposed to more chemicals than men because they use more beauty products. Recently, harmful chemicals have been found in nail polish, hair spray, deodorant, and perfume. The chemicals are called “phthalates”. Studies on animals have shown that phthalates can damage the liver, the kidneys, and the lungs. Cosmetic companies say the amounts of phthalates in their products are safe, but consumer protection groups disagree. They say some women use so many products that the levels are actually high. So, the more women try to look beautiful, the more they could be harming their health. In a futuristic story by Ray Bradbury, a man found a pristine stream on a new planet. When he drank from the stream, he died! Why? His body was so polluted that pure water was a poison to him! Perhaps that is only science fiction, but it reminds us to take care of our bodies. We must find ways to reduce the pollution we absorb. Summary: Like our polluted environment, our bodies are no longer pollution-free. Scientists now know that there is pollution in our bodies. On 1 , we have 53 cancer-causing chemicals in our bodies. Even fluoride 2 with bone cancer and other diseases. Some common cosmetics contain small amounts of chemicals, which seep into our 3 when we use these products. They prevent us from absorbing the 4 our bodies need. So, it is 5 that we find ways to reduce the amount of chemicals in our bodies. We should remind our friends and families to take care of their bodies.
单选题I can _____ you that the animals are well cared for in our zoo, so you needn't worry about them.AsupposeBassumeCassureDgrant
单选题Surveys show that ______ less sleep than we think, ______ too much sleep could even harm our health.Anot only do we need, but thatBnot only we need, but alsoCnot only we need, but thatDnot only do we need, but also