2018年全国硕士研究生入学英语考试精选试题
What s right for you may be wrong for me, and() .
A、opposite
B、on the contrary
C、vice versa
D、on the other hand
参考答案：C
To round is to delete or(66)one or more of the least significant digits in a positional(67)and to, or not to, adjust the part retained in accordance with some specified rule. The purpose of rounding is usually to limit the (68) of the numeral or to reduce the number of characters in the numeral, or to do both these things.The most common arithmetic forms of rounding are rounding down, rounding up and rounding off. Rounding down is defined as making no adjustment to the part of the numeral that is retained. Rounding up means adjusting the part of the numeral that is retained by adding 1 to the least significant of its digits and executing any necessary carries, if and only if One or more non-zero digits have been deleted. Rounding off (69) adjusting the part of the numeral retained by adding 1 to the least significant of its digits and executing any necessary carries, if and only if the most significant of the digits deleted was equal to or greater than half the(70) of its digit place.
A．simplify
B．reduce
C．abbreviate
D．omit
正确答案：D
10． ——What's wrong with your right hand?
——I got it _________in the door．
A． catching
B．caught
C． to be caught
D． to catch
正确答案：B
IO．B【解析】have/get sth． done意为“让别人做某事”，也可指不幸的遭遇。此句中的it指my left hand。get my left hand caught inthe door意为“我的左手破灭在门里了”。
IO．B【解析】have/get sth． done意为“让别人做某事”，也可指不幸的遭遇。此句中的it指my left hand。get my left hand caught inthe door意为“我的左手破灭在门里了”。
How should you signal the crane operator to move slowly ________．
A.Use one hand to give any motion signal，and place the other hand motionless in front of the hand giving the motion signa
B.Extend arm with the thumb pointing up，and flex the fingers in and out for as long as the load movement is desired
C.First tap your elbow with one hand and then proceed to use regular signals
D.First tap the top of your head with your fist and then proceed to use regular signals
正确答案：A
共用题干
第二篇
In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.
第二篇
In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.
Saudi Arabia is mentioned in the passage because it shows that________.
A:the most important factor influencing birth rate is the economy
B:factors other than the economy influence birth rate
C:women who have a high income usually have few children
D:the birth rate depends on per capita income
A:the most important factor influencing birth rate is the economy
B:factors other than the economy influence birth rate
C:women who have a high income usually have few children
D:the birth rate depends on per capita income
答案：B
解析：
根据文章第二段我们知道“在传统的农业经济中，家庭成员多是十分有利的。孩子多就意味着田里的劳动力多，而且有人给父母养老”。因此选项A是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后，人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素，这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后，人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素，这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。
(一 )Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, its a necessary condition 1 many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your 2, in the wrong place often carries a high 3.4, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. 5 people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that 6 pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that prompts humans to 7 with one another. Scientists have found that exposure 8 this hormone puts us in a trusting 9: In a Swiss study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their 10 who inhaled something else.Wow!”11 for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may 12 us. A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate 13 a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each 14 to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “ What s in here? ” before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, subject was then invited to look 15. Half of them found a toy; the other half 16 the container was empty-and realized the tester had 17 them.Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were 18 to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. 19, only five of the 30 children paired with the“ 20 ” tester participated-uinp acftoivlliotyw.1. A onB likeC forD from2. A faithB concernC attentionD interest3. A benefitB debtC hopeD price4. A ThereforeB ThenC InsteadD Again5. AUntilB UnlessC AlthoughD When6. A selectsB producesC appliesD maintains7. A consultB competeC connectD compare8. A atB byCofDto9. A contextB moodC periodD circle10.A counterpartsB substitutesC colleaguesDsupporters11.A FunnyB LuckyC OddD Ironic12.A monitorB protectC surpriseD delight13.A betweenB withinC towardD over14.A transferredB addedC introducedD entrusted15.A outB backC aroundD inside16.A discoveredB provedC insistedD .remembered17.A betrayedBwrongedC fooledD mocked18.A forcedB willingC hesitantD entitled19.A In contrastB As a resultC On the wholeD For instance20.A inflexibleB incapableC unreliableD unsuitableSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C orD. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Among the annoying c、hallenges facing the middle class is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next presidential campaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs?Dont dismiss that possibility entirely. About half of U.S. jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a University of Oxford stud、y, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed. Lower-income jobs like gardening or day care dont appeal to robots. But many middleclass occupations-trucking, financial advice, software engineering have aroused their interest, or soon will. The rich own the robots, so they will be fine.This is
共用题干
第二篇
In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.
第二篇
In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.
In a traditional agricultural economy,a large family_________.
A:can be an advantage
B:may limit income
C:isn't necessary
D:is expensive
A:can be an advantage
B:may limit income
C:isn't necessary
D:is expensive
答案：A
解析：
根据文章第二段我们知道“在传统的农业经济中，家庭成员多是十分有利的。孩子多就意味着田里的劳动力多，而且有人给父母养老”。因此选项A是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后，人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素，这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后，人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素，这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。
共用题干
第二篇
In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.
第二篇
In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.
According to this passage,Italy today is an example of an__________.
A:agricultural country with a high birth rate
B:agricultural country with a low birth rate
C:industrialized country with a low birth rate
D:industrialized country with a high birth rate
A:agricultural country with a high birth rate
B:agricultural country with a low birth rate
C:industrialized country with a low birth rate
D:industrialized country with a high birth rate
答案：C
解析：
根据文章第二段我们知道“在传统的农业经济中，家庭成员多是十分有利的。孩子多就意味着田里的劳动力多，而且有人给父母养老”。因此选项A是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后，人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素，这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后，人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素，这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。
共用题干
第二篇
In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.
第二篇
In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.
When countries become industrialized,________.
A:families often become larger
B:the birth rate generally goes down
C:women usually decide not to have a family
D:the population generally grows rapidly
A:families often become larger
B:the birth rate generally goes down
C:women usually decide not to have a family
D:the population generally grows rapidly
答案：B
解析：
根据文章第二段我们知道“在传统的农业经济中，家庭成员多是十分有利的。孩子多就意味着田里的劳动力多，而且有人给父母养老”。因此选项A是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后，人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素，这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后，人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素，这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。
共用题干
第二篇
In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.
第二篇
In many of the developinlg countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of the family?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different. Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of womnen in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive ,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective programn to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet theii needs.Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success.
In Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia,the government________.
A:is not concerned about the status of women
B:has tried to industrialize the. country rapidly
C:does not allow women to work outside the home
D:has tried to improve the condition of women
A:is not concerned about the status of women
B:has tried to industrialize the. country rapidly
C:does not allow women to work outside the home
D:has tried to improve the condition of women
答案：D
解析：
根据文章第二段我们知道“在传统的农业经济中，家庭成员多是十分有利的。孩子多就意味着田里的劳动力多，而且有人给父母养老”。因此选项A是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后，人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素，这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。
文章第二段以意大利为例证明了国家工业化以后，人口出生率就会降低的观点。因此只有选项B是正确的。
文章第二段的叙述说明如今的意大利是一个工业化、低出生率的国家。因此选项C是正确的。
文章第三段第一句话告诉我们经济并不是唯一影响出生率的重要因素，这暗示了接下来会讲一些其他影响出生率的因素。文章以沙特阿拉伯为例就是为了证明这一点。因此选项B是正确的。
文章第四段后半部分讲到这些国家的政府采取措施为妇女提供更多的教育和机会来改善妇女的生活状况。因此选项D是正确的。
共用题干
第一篇
Why So Many Children
In many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for
this is simple.Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The
majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so
many children?Why don't they limit the size of their families?There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more
children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an
industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an ex-
pense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was
industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely
agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War II,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and
industrialized. By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia,for exam-
pie,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the
world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are
poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth
rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high
birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few
possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and
indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to
provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no
way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth
rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,
Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning
their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de-
pend on better economic conditions.
第一篇
Why So Many Children
In many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for
this is simple.Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The
majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so
many children?Why don't they limit the size of their families?There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more
children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an
industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an ex-
pense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was
industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely
agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War II,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and
industrialized. By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.
However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia,for exam-
pie,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the
world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are
poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth
rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high
birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few
possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and
indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to
provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no
way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth
rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,
Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning
their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de-
pend on better economic conditions.
When countries become industrialized,_________.
A:the birth rate generally goes down
B:families often become larger
C:women usually decide not to have a family
D:the population generally grows rapidly
A:the birth rate generally goes down
B:families often become larger
C:women usually decide not to have a family
D:the population generally grows rapidly
答案：A
解析：
由文章第二段第二、三句话“In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are help-ful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of theparents in old age.”可知，在传统的农业经济中，家庭成员多是一种优势。故选B。
由文章第二段第六句话“Thus , industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.”可知，当一个国家工业化后，其人口出生率就降低了。故选A。
由文章第二段的内容可知，意大利工业化后，其人口出生率就降低了，是低人口出生率的工业化国家的一个例子。故选C。
文章第三段的第一句提到“However, the economy is not the only important factor thatinfluences birth rate."，下面以沙特阿拉伯为例介绍了除经济以外影响出生率的因素。故选D。
由文章第四段后半部分“On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可知，墨西哥、泰国和 印度尼西亚的政府都已采取措施改善女性的境况。
由文章第二段第六句话“Thus , industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.”可知，当一个国家工业化后，其人口出生率就降低了。故选A。
由文章第二段的内容可知，意大利工业化后，其人口出生率就降低了，是低人口出生率的工业化国家的一个例子。故选C。
文章第三段的第一句提到“However, the economy is not the only important factor thatinfluences birth rate."，下面以沙特阿拉伯为例介绍了除经济以外影响出生率的因素。故选D。
由文章第四段后半部分“On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可知，墨西哥、泰国和 印度尼西亚的政府都已采取措施改善女性的境况。
相关考题：
考题
共用题干The Dangers of Second-hand SmokeMost people know that cigarette smoking is harmful to their health.Scientific research shows that it causes many kinds of diseases.In fact,many people who smoke get lung cancer.However,Edward Gilson has lung cancer,and he has never smoked cigarettes.He lives with his wife Evelyn,who has smoked about a pack of cigarettes a day throughout their marriage.______(46) No one knows for sure why Mr.Gilson has lung cancer.Nevertheless,doctors believe that second-hand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other people's cigarettes.______(47) The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53,000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to second-hand smoke.The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals.In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmoker's health._______（48)They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic chemicals in their bodies.As a matter of fact,almost all of us breathe tobacco smoke at times,whether we realize it or not.For example,we can not avoid second-hand smoke in restaurants,hotels and other public places.Even though many public places have nonsmoking areas,smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permitted.It is even harder for children to avoid second-hand smoke______（49)Research shows that children who are exposed to second-hand smoke are sick more often than children who live in homes where no one smokes and that the children of smokers are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer when they are adults as are children of nonsmokers.The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.People are becoming very aware of the dangers of second-hand smoke.______(50)______（47)A:Recently,though,scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.B:The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.C:This smoke is called second-hand smoke.D:However,second-hand smoke is dangerous to all people,old or young.E:As a result,they have passed laws which prohibit people from smoking in many public places.F:In the United States,nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.答案：C解析：前面一句主要讲的是，Gilson先生与妻子Evelyn生活在一起，而Evelyn自他们结婚以来一直是每天差不多抽一包烟。接下来显然应选表示他们结婚年限的句子。再者，只有B项提到了Gilsons，并与上文紧密相关。故选B。前面一句提到，不吸烟者时常会吸人吸烟者吸烟时呼出的烟。看选项后，联系上下文可知，只有C项（这种烟被称为二手烟）符合语境。故选C。前面一句讲的是过去科学家们认为这些化学物质不会伤害一个不吸烟者的健康。后面一句讲的是研究发现甚至是不吸烟者体内也有大量的有毒物质。此处应表示他们改变了看法并对此做了研究调查。故选A。本段讲述了二手烟对儿童的影响，此处的句子自然应与儿童有关。故选F。前面一句讲的是人们逐渐意识到二手烟的危害，因此接下来的句子应表示人们采取措施来减少二手烟的危害。故选E。
考题
单选题How should you signal the crane operator to move slowly（）.AUse one hand to give any motion signal，and place the other hand motionless in front of the hand giving the motion signaBExtend arm with the thumb pointing up，and flex the fingers in and out for as long as the load movement is desiredCFirst tap your elbow with one hand and then proceed to use regular signalsDFirst tap the top of your head with your fist and then proceed to use regular signals正确答案： D解析： 暂无解析
考题
共用题干Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate—from 3 .0 to 7.0 chil-dren per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families .Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their fami-lies?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic .In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate .This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate .After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Ara-bia,for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia .There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the im-proved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and oppotunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so．In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India，as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families．These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de-pend on better economic conditions.It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs .Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success． In Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia,the government____.A: is not concerned about the status of womenB: has tried to industrialize the country rapidlyC: does not allow women to work outside the homeD: has tried to improve the condition of women答案：D解析：本题的问题是：在传统的农业经济中，大的家庭的影响是什么？从文中第二段第二句和第三句话可以得出明确的答案。“ In a traditional agricultural economy , large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.”所以答案为A，是优势。 本题的问题是：当国家工业化后，人口和出生率的状况是什么？从第二段意大利的例子可以明确得出答案。“In the early part of the twentieth century , Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.”由此可见出生率降低。 本题的问题是：本文举出意大利的例子要说明什么？从第二段意大利的前后对比的情况可以看出正确答案为A。 本题的问题是：文中提到沙特阿拉伯的例子说明了什么？ 由第三段开头可知“However , the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.”下面将要介绍其他的因素，之后以沙特阿拉伯为例。故正确答案为B。经济以外影响出生率的因素。 本题的问题是：墨西哥、泰国、印度尼西亚的政府采取了怎样的措施？从文中第四段后半部分“On the other hand , the improved condition of women in Mexico , Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可以得出结论。另一方面从第四段开头也可以得出结论。“ The most important of these is the condition of women.”之后举出这几个国家的例子，从而也可以得出结论。
考题
共用题干Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple:Women in these countries have a high birth rate—from 3 .0 to 7.0 chil-dren per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families .Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their fami-lies?The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic .In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate .This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate .After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Ara-bia,for example,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia .There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the im-proved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and oppotunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so．In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India，as well as in Indonesia,Thailand,Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families．These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de-pend on better economic conditions.It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs .Only then,in fact,does it have any real chance of success． According to this passage,in the early part of 20th century,Italy was an____.A: agricultural country with a high birth rateB: agricultural country with a low birth rateC: industrialized country with a low birth rateD:.industrialized country with a high birth rate答案：A解析：本题的问题是：在传统的农业经济中，大的家庭的影响是什么？从文中第二段第二句和第三句话可以得出明确的答案。“ In a traditional agricultural economy , large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.”所以答案为A，是优势。 本题的问题是：当国家工业化后，人口和出生率的状况是什么？从第二段意大利的例子可以明确得出答案。“In the early part of the twentieth century , Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War Ⅱ,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.”由此可见出生率降低。 本题的问题是：本文举出意大利的例子要说明什么？从第二段意大利的前后对比的情况可以看出正确答案为A。 本题的问题是：文中提到沙特阿拉伯的例子说明了什么？ 由第三段开头可知“However , the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.”下面将要介绍其他的因素，之后以沙特阿拉伯为例。故正确答案为B。经济以外影响出生率的因素。 本题的问题是：墨西哥、泰国、印度尼西亚的政府采取了怎样的措施？从文中第四段后半部分“On the other hand , the improved condition of women in Mexico , Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可以得出结论。另一方面从第四段开头也可以得出结论。“ The most important of these is the condition of women.”之后举出这几个国家的例子，从而也可以得出结论。
考题
问答题Passage 3 Certain barriers to foreign trade make selling in the international market a real challenge. Relatively few Americans are fluent in more than one language. (31)______, not all foreign traders speak English. (32)______, English is the second language in many countries, (33)______ is helping to lessen the language barrier. (34)______, an increasing number of Americans are learning a second language. Each nation has (35)______ peculiar social customs and business practices, which often serve as a hindrance to international trade. The Latin American Siesta—the long lunch hour (36)______ makes the workday longer—is not common (37)______ other ethnic groups. Many foreigners working in Latin American countries find this custom difficult to observe. For some, driving a car (38)______ the left hand side of the road is confusing. Removing your shoes to enter a residence or religious building is (39)______ unique custom. Strange and exotic foods sometimes create a diet problem for the new comer abroad. On the other hand, the American practice of one-stop shopping in shopping centers is becoming common practice in many foreign countries. One common foreign custom that has caused trouble is the “entry fee” or bribe that is often expected (40)______ dealing with foreign governments.正确答案： 31. and 逗号之前指出很少有美国人能流利地说一种以上的语言,而空缺后则提到不是所有的外商都说英语。这两部分都是在陈述语言作为国际商务障碍之一的表现,属于并列关系,因此填并列连词and。 32. However 前文讲述语言在国际商务交流中带来的不利因素,而紧接着又指出英语是许多国家的第二语言,两部分之间为转折关系,又因该空后又逗号隔开,因此填入转折副词however。 33. which 该句主要成分是“英语是许多国家的第二语言”,因此逗号之后是非限定性定语从句修饰前面所指代的内容,因此应用which引导。 34. Also 上句指出由于英语是很多国家的第二语言,因此语言障碍的问题得到缓解。该句指出“越来越多的美国人在学习第二门语言”,与前文是递进的关系,因此填Also。 35. its 该句主谓宾齐全,需填入一个词来修饰宾语,因此应该填its,指代主语nation,表明“每个国家都有自己独特的社会风俗和商业惯例”。 36. that 破折号之间的内容是对主语Latin American Siesta的解释说明,可知the long lunch hour之后的内容为一个定语从句,因此可由that引导。 37. to be common to为惯用搭配,意为“是…所共有/共用”,文中指“Latin American Siesta不是其他民族所共有的”。siesta(气候炎热国家的)午睡,午休。因此应填入to。 38. on 该处考查介词和名词搭配。side经常与介词on连用,on the left hand side意为“在左手边”,文中指“沿着左手边开车”,因此要用介词on。 39. another 上文提到在拉美国家,许多外国人感到遵守当地习俗很困难,并且给出了沿着左手边开车的例子。该句描述了走进一所住宅或宗教场所时要脱鞋的习俗,可知本句是在列举另一个独特风俗,答案为another。 40. when 该处描述又一个习俗,即和政府打交道要被收“entry fee”,因此应用when引导一个条件状语从句。解析： 暂无解析
考题
单选题Passage1 In many of the developing countries in Africaand Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Womenin these countries have a high birth rate - from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care fortheir families. Why do they have so many children? Why don't they limit thesize of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. Thereare several reasons for this. Onereason is economiIn atraditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having morechildren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care ofthe parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children, do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the casein Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the earlypart of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural countrywith a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrializeBy theend of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, theworld's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. SaudiArabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has oneof the highest per capita incomes in the worlNevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate. Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recentlyreduced their population growth. Clearly,other factors are involveThemost important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almostalways goes together with lack of education and low status for women. Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditionalculture gives women little education or independence and few possibilitiesoutside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education andopportunities for women. Anotherkey factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit theirfamilies but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have madebirth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been providedwith health care and help in planning their families. Thesetrends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not haveto depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims tohelp women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any realchance of success. (495 words) In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family_______.Acan be an advantageBmay limit incomeCisn't necessaryDis expensive正确答案： D解析：
考题
共用题干The majority of people,about nine out of ten,are right-handed.Not until recently,people who were left-handed were considered__________(51),and once children showed this tendency they were forced to use their right hands. Today left-handedness is generally_________(52),but it is still a disadvantage in a world________(53)most people are right-handed.For example,most tools and implements are still designed for right-handed people.In sports,__________(54)contrast,doing things with the left hand or foot,is often an advantage.Throwing,kicking,punching or batting from the"wrong"side may result_________(55)throwing off many opponents who are more accustomed to dealing with the_________(56)of players who are right-handed.This is why,in many ________(57)at a professional level,a higher proportion of players are left-handed than in the population as a whole.The word"right"in many languages means"correct"or is_________(58)with lawfulness, whereas the words associated__________(59)"left",such as"sinister",generally have_________ (60)associations.Moreover,among a number of primitive peoples,there is_________(61)close association between death and the left hand.In the past,in most Western societies,children were often forced to use their right hands,especially to write with.In some cases the left hand was_________(62)behind the child's back so that it could not be used.If,in the future,they are allowed to choose,_________(63)will certainly be more left handers,and probably_________(64)people with minor psychological disturbances as a result of being forced to use their_________(65)hand._________(54)A:by B:forC:at D:in答案：A解析：根据后面这句：孩子们一旦显示出左撇子的倾向就会被强迫使用右手，可以推断出人们在最近之前一直都认为使用左手是很不好的，因此这里选D "abnormal"，意思是：不正常的。unique“独特的”;eccentric“古怪的”;normal“正常的”。generally accepted“普遍接受的”。admit“承认”;approve“同意，许可”;acknowledge“认可”。where引导定语从句修饰world。by contrast“相比之下”。result in“导致，造成”;result from“由于······而造成”。majority“大多数”;minority“少数”;plenty“很多”，通常修饰不可数名词； lack“缺乏”。这句话的意思是：从反面投掷、踢腿、拳击或者是用球拍击打可能会把大多数习惯了对付使用右手的对手们彻底击败。game“比赛，赛事”;hobby“业余爱好”;activity“活动”;round“轮（比赛）”。这句话的意思是：这就是为什么在很多专业级别的比赛中，左撇子的比例要高于普通人群中左撇子的比例。be connected with“跟······联系在一起”;related要和介词to搭配使用；mix “混合”，意思在这里不合适；combine“结合”，常和with搭配，意思不合适。本句话的意思是： “右”这个词在很多语言中都意味着“正确”或者和“合法”联系在一起。be associated with sth.“和······相关联”，这句话中associated with "left", 是定语，修饰words。根据句中转折连词whereas可以判断两种情况形成对照，既然和“右”相关的词汇意味着“正确”“合法”，因此whereas后的句子中说的就是相反的情况，因此这里选择 negative , negative association的意思是“负面的含义”。There is a close association between...and…意思是：······和······之间关系密切。这句话的意思是：而且在很多原始的部落里，左手和死亡也密切相关。tie“绑，捆”; attach“连接，附属”; bring“带来”; remove“拿走，脱掉”。这句话的意思是：有时候孩子的左手被绑在背后避免他使用。这里是there be结构。这句话的意思是：将来如果孩子们可以自己选择，一定会有更多的左撤子，而由于被迫使用右手导致轻微心理问题的人数也会减少。参照64题解析。
考题
共用题干第一篇Why So Many ChildrenIn many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia,the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple.Women in these countries have a high birth rate一from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor,without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children?Why don't they limit the size of their families?There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead,they are an ex- pense.Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War II,Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century,the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the world's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia,for exam- pie,does not have an agriculture-based economy,and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia,on the other hand,are poor countries,with largely agricultural economies,but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly,other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There,the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand,the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand,and indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive,birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore,Sri Lanka,and India,as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico,and Brazil.In these countries,women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to de- pend on better economic conditions.In a traditional agricultural economy,a large family_________.A:may limit incomeB:can be an advantageC:isn't necessaryD:is expensive答案：B解析：由文章第二段第二、三句话“In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are help-ful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of theparents in old age.”可知，在传统的农业经济中，家庭成员多是一种优势。故选B。由文章第二段第六句话“Thus , industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.”可知，当一个国家工业化后，其人口出生率就降低了。故选A。由文章第二段的内容可知，意大利工业化后，其人口出生率就降低了，是低人口出生率的工业化国家的一个例子。故选C。文章第三段的第一句提到“However, the economy is not the only important factor thatinfluences birth rate."，下面以沙特阿拉伯为例介绍了除经济以外影响出生率的因素。故选D。由文章第四段后半部分“On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand,and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可知，墨西哥、泰国和 印度尼西亚的政府都已采取措施改善女性的境况。
考题
单选题Passage1 In many of the developing countries in Africaand Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Womenin these countries have a high birth rate - from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care fortheir families. Why do they have so many children? Why don't they limit thesize of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. Thereare several reasons for this. Onereason is economiIn atraditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having morechildren means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care ofthe parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children, do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus,industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the casein Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the earlypart of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural countrywith a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrializeBy theend of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, theworld's lowest.However,the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. SaudiArabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has oneof the highest per capita incomes in the worlNevertheless,it also has a very high birth rate. Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand,are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recentlyreduced their population growth. Clearly,other factors are involveThemost important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almostalways goes together with lack of education and low status for women. Thiswould explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditionalculture gives women little education or independence and few possibilitiesoutside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico,Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education andopportunities for women. Anotherkey factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit theirfamilies but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have madebirth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia,Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been providedwith health care and help in planning their families. Thesetrends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not haveto depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims tohelp women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any realchance of success. (495 words) When countries become industrialized, _______.Afamilies often become largerBthe birth rate generally goes downCwomen usually decide not have a familyDthe population generally grows rapidly正确答案： A解析：
考题
问答题He says there are several typical forms of this, such as covering part of the mouth with the fingers, touching the upper-lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side of the mouth.正确答案： 解析：
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